专题17 环境保护-2023年高考英语话题晨背-渐进写作

这是一份专题17 环境保护-2023年高考英语话题晨背-渐进写作，共15页。试卷主要包含了表达词汇，拓展词汇，短语表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。



专题17 环境保护

一、 表达词汇
二、 拓展词汇
三、 短语表达
四、 话题佳句
五、 满分作文















专题17 环境保护
一、表达词汇
1. proposal n. 提议，建议
2. decade n. 十年
3.regulation n. 规则
4. usage n. 使用;用法
5. stand vt. 忍耐;忍受
6. matter vi. 要紧,有重大关系
7. elder n. 长辈;老人;父辈
8. nowadays adv. 现今，现在
9.destroy vt. 破坏，毁坏
10. unclear adj. 不清楚的
二、拓展词汇
1. fight v. 打仗(架),与……打仗(架)
fighter n. 战士;斗士
2. globe n. 地球
global adj. 全世界的，全球的
3.rob vt. 使丧失;抢劫
robber n. 抢劫犯
robbery n. 抢劫
4. bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的
boring adj. 令人厌烦的;无聊的
5. formal adj. 正式的，合礼仪的
informal adj. 非正式的
6. occasion n. 时刻，时机;场合
occasional adj. 偶然的
occasionally adv. 偶然地
7. serious adj. 认真的;严肃的
seriously adv. 认真地;真诚地
8. base n. 基地;基础
basic adj. 基本的
9.impress ut. 使(人)印象深刻
impression n. 印象
impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的;令人赞叹
的;令人敬佩的
10. frequent adj. 时常发生的
frequently adv. 频繁地
拓展广度
1. punish vt. 惩罚;处罚
punishment n. 惩罚
2.tend vi. 趋向;易于;照顾
vt. 照顾;护理
tendency n. 倾向;趋势
3. disturb vt. 打扰;使焦虑
disturbing adj. 令人不安的
4.consequence n. 结果;后果;影响
consequent adj. 随之发生的;作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此;所以
5. oppose vt. 反对;反抗;与(某人)较量
opposed adj. 反对的;对立的
6. effort n. 努力
effortless adj. meldoe 毫不费力的
7. state vt. 陈述;说明
statement n. 说明;说法;表白
8. allocate vt. 分配;配给
allocation n. 分配;配给
三、短语表达
1. sustainable development 可持续发展
2. greenhouse effect 温室效应
3. global warming 全球变暖
4. live a low-carbon life 过着低碳的生活
5. upset the balance of ecology打乱生态平衡
6. range from... to... 从……到……不等
7. make great achievements in 在某方面取得巨大成就
8.nuclear energy 核能源
9. natural resources 自然资源
10.natural substitute 自然替代物
11.alternative energy 替代能源
12.have something to do with与……有关13.have nothing to do with 与……无关
14.on condition that 条件是
15.extreme weather 极端天气
16.in peace 和平地;和睦地
背话题佳句
1[2022·咸阳检测书面表达]Nowadays，the environmental pollution is becoming a global problem. As a student，I want to save energy,reduce pollution and live a lowcarbon life.如今,环境污染正成为一个全球性的问题。作为一名学生，我想节约能源,减少污染,过低碳生活。
2. It is our duty and responsibility to spare no effort to take measures to fight against pollution. 不遗余力地采取措施与污染作斗争是我们的责任和义务。有的放矢 held in the school hall,①
(目的是引起人们对环境保护的关注)，the activity provides a platform for participants to ②
(提醒人们我们应该关心自然)。
Additionally,well-designed works created by l
满分范文
1.假定你是李华，准备参加市团委组织的"绿色城市"活动(Green City Campaign)，请你根据下面的要点给你的美国笔友Jim写封邮件，向他征询建议，内容包括：
1. 此次活动的内容；
2. 征求他的建议。

Dear Jim,
How are you doing? I’m writing to seek your help, as I meet with some problems while planning the Green City Campaign.
We plan to organize the campaign like this: First, a series of lectures related environmental protection will be arranged, thus arousing people’s awareness of living a low-carbon life. This will be followed by a discussion about ways of saving water, paper and electricity at school. But how can we put them into practice and make them our daily routine? After all, we can only realize our goal through small acts in our daily life. I’m struck and wondering if you could give me some practical advice as I know you have organized similar activities.
Looking forward to your early reply!
Your,
Li Hua


2.假定你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国新近出现的一种共享单车“mobike”很感兴趣，并请你做个简要介绍。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 这种单车的使用方法 (如：app查看车辆、扫码开锁等)；
2. 这种单车的优势；
3. 你对这种单车的看法。
注意: 1. 词数不少于100；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：智能手机 smart phone
           二维码 the QR code

Dear Jim,
I’m writing to tell you more about the new form of sharing bikes mobike mentioned in your latest letter.
It’s very convenient to use if you have a smart phone. Find a nearest mobike through the app, scan the QR code on the bike, and enjoy your trip. Compared to other forms of sharing bikes, the greatest advantage of mobikes is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. It is becoming a new trend as a means of transportation, which relieves the traffic pressure and does good to the environment as well.
Hope to ride a mobike with you in China.
Yours,
Li Hua

3.假定你是李华，学校为提升学生垃圾分类的意识，邀请你为校英语宣传栏写一封以“垃圾分类，保护环境”为主题的倡议书。内容包括：
1.倡议的原因和目的；
2.倡议的具体内容；
3.发出倡议。
参考词汇：垃圾分类 garbage sorting 区分 differentiate
注意：词数80左右
可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。
Dear friends，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                                                                                                                              Yours,
 LiHua.
Dear friends，
Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day, such as leftover food, waste paper and plastic bottles, which brings a wide range of environmental problems as well as the waste of resources. Therefore, it’s time we took immediate action to change the situation.
First of all, it is necessary for us to raise awareness of environmental protection and develop the good habit of garbage sorting. What’s more, we should voluntarily differentiate recyclable rubbish from non-recyclables in our daily life.
In a word, if everyone does his / her bit responsibly in garbage sorting, our school will become better and better.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            LiHua
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。假定考生是李华，学校为提升学生垃圾分类的意识，邀请你为校英语宣传栏写一封以“垃圾分类，保护环境”为主题的倡议书
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
采取措施做某事：take measures to do sth→ take action to do sth
提高：improve→ raise
各种各样： all kinds of→ a wide range of
总之：in a nutshell→ in a word
2. 句式拓展
变化句式
原句：Therefore, it’s time we took immediate action to change the situation..
拓展句：Therefore, what we should do now is to take immediate action to change the situation.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day, such as leftover food, waste paper and plastic bottles, which brings a wide range of environmental problems as well as the waste of resources.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] In a word, if everyone does his / her bit responsibly in garbage sorting, our school will become better and better.（if 引导的条件状语从句）

4.为鼓励学生净化环境，做零废弃的实践者，最近你校学生会将组织一次英语演讲比赛，请你用“Living with Zero Waste”为题写一篇80词左右的演讲稿，内容包括：
1、你对零废弃的理解；2、目前所面临的环境；3、倡议一两个相关的零废弃实践活动。
My fellow students,
It is a great honor to have the chance to share my view on “Living with Zero Waste”.
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【答案】My fellow students,
It is a great honor to have the chance to share my view on “Living with Zero Waste”. In my opinion, living with zero waste means living a life while hardly creating rubbish.
With the development of society, more and more waste has been produced. As the World Bank warns, China will produce as many as 500 million tons of waste annually by 2030, up from just 30 million tons in 1980.
But every individual could contribute to saving the world from crisis. As senior students, we should spare no effort to save the environment, such as avoiding single-used objects, instead of throwing away unwanted things into landfills, we can donate them to others or organizations like the Red Cross. Whenever we shop, we will bring our clothes bags without using plastic ones at the store.
Take action from now! Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“Living with Zero Waste”为题写一篇演讲稿，参加学生会将组织的一次英语演讲比赛。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
在我看来：in my opinion=from my point of view
几乎不：hardly→barely
为……作贡献：contribute to=make a contribution to
不遗余力做某事：spare no effort to do sth.=try one’s best to do sth.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the development of society, more and more waste has been produced.
拓展句：As the society is developing rapidly, more and more rubbish has been produced.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
As the World Bank warns, China will produce as many as 500 million tons of waste annually by 2030, up from just 30 million tons in 1980.（运用了as引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
Whenever we shop, we will bring our clothes bags without using plastic ones at the store.（运用了状语从句）

5.为了向全世界展示绿色中国，学生会倡议每位同学围绕“如何进行低碳生活”与“低碳生活”的意义（节约能源，有利减少污染，改善环境），写一篇英语文章介绍自己如何从身边小事做起，尝试进行低碳生活。
要求：1．表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2．短文必须包括提示的所有要点，并作适当发挥；
3．词数：100左右（文章开头已给，不计入总词数）；
提示：低碳生活的措施（添加至少1条个人观点）
（1）外出时，最好步行或骑自行车代替乘公交或地铁
（2）每张纸都双面打印
（3）用环保袋代替塑料袋
（4）多种树
（5）离开教室前，应该关电灯、电视机和电脑
（6）请少用纸巾，多用手帕
How to Live a Low-Carbon Life
As we all know, having a low-carbon life will be very important to us.
【答案】How to Live a Low-Carbon Life
As we all know, having a low-carbon life will be very important to us. It can help us save a lot of energy. It’s also good for reducing pollution and improving our environment.
There are many ways for us to lead a low-carbon life. First of all, we can turn off the computers and other electrical equipment in time when leaving our room. It is also important for us to turn off the tap after using it. What’s more, we should stop white and air pollution.When we go shopping, we’d better use cloth or paper bags instead of plastic bags. When we go to school or hang out with friends, we can choose to walk or take public transportation rather than taking a taxi.
In my opinion, having a low-carbon life is very necessary for us students, and it’s our duty to do something for the earth. If everyone can do a little, the environment we live in will be brighter and more beautiful.

【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于开放作文。要求考生介绍自己如何从身边小事做起，尝试进行低碳生活。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
重要的：important→essential
很多：many→a lot of
在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I am concerned
责任：duty→responsibility
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, having a low-carbon life is very necessary for us students, and it’s our duty to do something for the earth.
拓展句：From my perspective, leading a low-carbon life is pretty necessary for us students, which is also our responsibility.
【点睛】
【高分句型一】First of all, we can turn off the computers and other electrical equipment in time when leaving our room.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略)
【高分句型二】If everyone can do a little, the environment we live in will be brighter and more beautiful.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句，和省略关系代词which/that的定语从句)

6.你和家人外出郊游时，看到化工厂附近一条污染严重的河流:臭气熏天，大量死鱼漂在河面上，景象惨不忍睹。当晚又碰巧看到电视上黄河断流的新闻报道，心情十分沉重，你决心写一封倡议书呼吁全校同学去保护水资源。
用英语写一篇150词左右的短文，要求包括上面所述内容。
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【答案】
Boys and girls，
Several days ago，my family went for an outing.　When we passed by a chemical factory，we saw the smelly industrial wastewater running into the river that should be quite clear but is very dirty now.　A few dead fishes were floating on the surface of the water.　The scene made me very sad.
In the evening，I happened to watch the news report on TV，which said that the Yellow River had run out of water this year.　I was burdened with a heavy heart.
My dear classmates，if we go on wasting water，the scene I just described will become a more terrible fact in the near future.　We all know that water is vital to human beings and to all the living things.　I really hope people all over the world can care and protect the water resources.
【解析】
【详解】
根据题目要求，首先考生应该按题目所述，具体地描述看到的现象，其后的倡议内容需要一定程度的自由发挥。
这篇作文可以分为三段来写。第一段应该描述题目第一句的内容。题目所含内容较具体，并且使用像“臭气熏天、惨不忍睹”这样的形容词来突出河流的污染严重。在描述的时候要注意变通，用所学的词汇表达相似的效果。
第二段可以简短描述题目中第二句话内容。注意用所学的内容表达“黄河断流、心情沉重”。第三段的内容应该是呼吁同学们保护水资源。可以通过强调水资源的重要性，保护水资源的紧迫程度等晓之以理，使呼吁有说服力。
【范文亮点】
灵活运用了短语和单词来表达，使文章用词地道不呆板。例如，went for an outing，去郊游；smelly industrial wastewater，难闻的工业废水；floating on the surface of the water，漂在水面上；the water resources，水资源。
句式丰富高级。用了非限制性定语从句：I happened to watch the news report on TV，which said that the Yellow River had run out of water this year.其中用run out of water表示断流；被动句：I was burdened with a heavy heart. 文章句子表达清晰、结构合理，给人留下深刻印象。

7.现在全社会都在倡导低碳生活，呵护地球家园。而每年的元宵节，你所在的城市都要举行一场20分钟的焰火晚会。据报道：一场这样的焰火晚会耗资大约150万元。市民为此议论纷纷。请你以“Is it Wise to Celebrate the Lantern Festival with Fireworks？”为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对此的看法。
要求：1.不要逐字翻译所给素材；
2．为了使行文流畅，可适当发挥；
3．词数120左右。
Is it Wise to Celebrate the Lantern Festival with Fireworks?
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【答案】
Is_it_Wise_to_Celebrate_the_Lantern_Festival_with_Fireworks?
       In China，it's a custom to celebrate the Lantern Festival by setting off fireworks.Is it wise to celebrate the Lantern Festival with fireworks?
       In my city，there is an annual firework show sponsored by the government.It is true that setting off fireworks does offer relaxation and excitement to the citizens.However，I don't think it is wise to celebrate the Lantern Festival in this way.My reasons are as follows.
       Firstly，it is really a waste of money.The fireworks last only 30 minutes，but it costs about 1.5 million yuan，which can be used for the city construction.Secondly，while fireworks are wonderful to look at，they cause air pollution.Besides，some unexpected fires might break out，causing heavy damage and loss.
In conclusion，celebrating the Lantern Festival with fireworks isn't necessary.
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：本文是一篇开放式作文，谈论目前全社会都在倡导的低碳生活，你以“Is it Wise to Celebrate the Lantern Festival with Fireworks？”为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对此的看法。认真审题和分析阅读前面的提示，然后确定文章的主题、文体、人称和时态。根据所给要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁。根据情景的发展，按顺序安排好材料。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。考生必须认真查验是否有漏写、错写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。
【亮点说明】
本文是一篇开放式作文，内容符合题目要求，有自己的看法，句子布局合理，并在句中使用高级句子。it's a custom to celebrate the Lantern Festival by setting off fireworks动词不定式做真正的主语；there is an annual firework show sponsored by the government过去分词做后置定语；but it costs about 1.5 million yuan，which can be used for the city construction.非限制性定语从句使用恰到好处；while fireworks are wonderful to look at，they cause air pollution.while（尽管），引导让步状语从句；some unexpected fires might break out，causing heavy damage and loss.现在分词做自然的结果状语；celebrating the Lantern Festival with fireworks isn't necessary.动名词做主语；另外，However，as follows，   Firstly，Besides，In conclusion，等的运用为文章增色添彩。