进阶练06 倒装句（最新名校真题）50题专练-【全优新高考】2024年新高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略（上海专用）（解析版）

这是一份进阶练06 倒装句（最新名校真题）50题专练-【全优新高考】2024年新高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略（上海专用）（解析版），共16页。试卷主要包含了单项选择等内容，欢迎下载使用。
进阶练06 倒装句（最新名校真题）50题专练
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．—Only after I had my own kid ________ how much my parents loved me.
—So did I. We shouldn’t ____ our parents’ love ______.
A．did I realize; take...for granted B．I realized; put...on the spot
C．had I realized; take...for granted D．I had realized; put...on the spot
2．Hardly_____ to sit and have a rest when the phone________.
A．she had had time; rang B．she had time; had rang
C．had she had time; rang D．did she had time; had rang
3．Out________, with a stick in his hand.
A．did the man rush B．rushed the man C．the man rushed D．the man did rush
4．So absorbed ________ he in the novel that he did not notice his father at the door.
A．is B．was C．did D．does
5．________that it was already the fourth time that he _________abroad.
A．So lucky was he; traveled B．So lucky he was; traveled
C．So lucky was he; had traveled D．So lucky he was; had traveled
6． in her veins some of the blood of the bohemian and the adventuress who runs barefoot.
A．There flown B．Here flew C．There flows D．Here flow
7．Not long ago in mysterious circumstances, following the death of another opposition leader earlier this year.
A．died a leader of the democratic opposition
B．did a leader of the democratic opposition die
C．a leader of the democratic opposition had died
D．a leader of the democratic opposition died
8．In the drawer they found a sheet of paper, ______ some strange codes.
A．which was writing B．in which was written
C．where wrote D．on which were written
9．Look! From opposite the street ________，screaming in panic.
A．comes two kids B．two kids are coming
C．come two kids D．do two kids come
10．Any academic breakthrough, ________, does not automatically ensure that it can be applied to practice.
A．since it may be brilliant B．brilliant though it may be
C．how brilliant it may be D．if it may be brilliant
11．In the middle of the square ________ with a statue of a hero on top of it.
A．stands a stone B．does a stone stand
C．a stone stands D．a stone does stand
12．Not until quite recently________ that how important it is to learn English well.
A．did we realise B．we realised C．had we realised D．we had realised
13．Only very rarely ________ attack larger mammals.
A．will it be B．it will C．will it D．it will be
14．Here ______ you.
A．is a ticket of B．a ticket is for
C．is a ticket for D．has a ticket of
15．________ in a tiny cabinet were four Mother’s Day poems I’d written for her in the 1960s.
A．Hidden B．Hiding C．Being hidden D．To be hidden
16．—Were you caught in the rain during yesterday's travel?
—Good luck．No sooner the hotel than it poured down．
A．I had reached B．had I reached C．did I reach D．I have reached
17．________ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.
A．So successful her business was
B．So successful was her business
C．So her business was successful
D．So was her successful business
18．At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River ________, one of the ten largest cities in China.
A．lies Chongqing B．Chongqing lies
C．does lie Chongqing D．does Chongqing lie
19．________is the power of global warming that the climate goes from one extreme to the other.
A．Such B．This C．That D．So
20．Try ________ she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.(2011·全国Ⅰ)
A．if B．when C．since D．as
21．Off the bike ________ and the scene frightened her mother.
A．fell the little girl B．did the little girl fill
C．the little girl fell D．did fall the little girl
22．Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
A．I did discover B．did I discover
C．I discovered D．discovered
23．Nowadays many teenagers often take their parents'love for granted. Seldom ________ what they should return them when they are old.
A．do they think B．they think C．think they D．did they
24．So fast ______ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
A．light travels B．travels light C．does light travel D．has light travelled
25．We’ll make the final decision on our scheme. ______ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.
A．Should B．Were C．Would D．Had
26．So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．did the attack B．the attack did
C．was the attack D．the attack was
27．I've tried hard to improve my English.But by no means ________with my progress.
A．the teacher is not satisfied B．is the teacher not satisfied
C．the teacher is satisfied D．is the teacher satisfied
28．Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ____to him again.
A．I will speak. B．will I speak. C．do I speak. D．I speak
29． _____, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.
A．Try as she might B．As she might try
C．She might as try D．Might she as try
30．So much of interest _______ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.
A．offers Beijing B．Beijing offers C．does Beijing offer D．Beijing does offer
31．Only when _______ be possible to sign the papers.
A．does the lawyer come with it B．the lawyer comes will it
C．has the lawyer come it will D．the lawyer comes it will
32．The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A．should they B．they should
C．dare they D．they dare
33．—How do you go to your office every day?
—Normally, I take the subway to work, ________ most of my colleagues.
A．so do B．so does C．as does D．as do
34．________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A．A quiet student as he may be B．Quiet student as he may be
C．Be a quiet student as he may D．Quiet as he may be a student
35．So nice a girl _________ every girl and every boy in her class _________ help her when she is in trouble.
A．is she that; is willing to B．she looks that; would like to
C．is she that; are glad to D．does she look that; are willing to
36．_____, we don't have to go home on foot.
A．There comes a bus B．Coming a bus there C．There coming a bus D．Because the bus coming
37．No sooner ________ his talk ________he was surrounded by his fans.
A．had he finished; when B．had he finished; than
C．did he finish; when D．did he finish; than
38．Once again, Jeff could interact with the dolphins and find affection in return.
A．Little he dreamed how severely his love could be tested.
B．Little has he dreamed how severely his love will be tested.
C．Little dreamed he how severely his love would be tested.
D．Little did he dream how severely his love would be tested.
39．_______ is required that by no means _______ he betray his motherland even if he lacks money or rights.
A．What; can B．It; could C．It; should D．What; could
40．Scarcely _________ since we parted.
A．an hour has passed B．has passed an hour C．has an hour passed D．an hour passed
41．Not until ________, ________ the camp site.
A．the sun went down; they reached B．did the sun go down; they reached
C．the sun went down; did they reach D．did the sun go down; did they reach
42．Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ________ having a holiday abroad.
A．had he considered B．he had considered
C．he considered D．did he consider
43．On the wall________a noticeboard that says, “Please keep a two-meter distance from each other when you are lining up for the nucleic-acid test”.
A．hangs B．is hanged C．hanging D．is hung
44．Not until Amy took a gap year in Africa after she finished university________get off the beaten track and develop responsible tourism.
A．she was determined to B．that she was determined to
C．was she determined to D．determined she was to
45．________ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A．If were I B．I were C．Were I D．Was I
46．_____he is，_____he can do something that grown­ups do.
A．A boy as;but B．A boy though;yet
C．Boy as;yet D．Boy as;but
47．________ the destruction of the old temple that we have to take measures to deal with it.
A．So is the severity of B．However severe is
C．As severe is D．Such is the severity of
48．________it rain this afternoon, the football match would be put off till next Friday.
A．Were B．Should C．Would D．Will
49．---Did you know any German before you arrived in Munich？
---Never______________ it, actually.
A．had I learned B．did I learn
C．I had learned D．I learned
50．________ the mistake in the beginning, the problem could have been prevented at its source.
A．Had not the company ignored B．If the company didn't ignore
C．Had the company not ignored D．Would the companynot ignore

参考答案：
1．A
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有在我有了自己的孩子之后我才意识到妈妈有多爱我。我也是。我们不应该认为父母对我们的爱是理所当然的。以only加时间状语位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即将助动词提到主语前，时间为一般过去，故用did；take...for granted意为“想当然地认为”，故选A。
2．C
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：她刚想坐下来休息一会儿，电话就响了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“主语+had hardly done…when+主语+did”，意为“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时，“Hardly”位于句首，句要用部分倒装，“had”提前，故空格一填“had she had time”，从句用一般过去时，故空格二填“rang”。故选C项。
3．B
【详解】考查全部倒装。句意：那个人手里拿着一根棍子冲出去了。副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。这类倒装句的主语也只能是名词，所以应为Out rushed the man。故选B项。
4．B
【详解】考查时态和部分倒装。句意：他全神贯注地看小说，没有注意到父亲在门口。be absorbed in“全神贯注于”是固定短语，在so...that...句型中如果将so+adj./adv.置于句首，主句要部分倒装，将助动词/情态动词/be动词置于主语之前；本句将be动词提到主语之前，结合语境和从句谓语动词did not notice判断为一般过去时。故选B。
5．C
【详解】考查倒装句式和固定句式。句意：他很幸运，这已经是他第四次出国旅行了。在so... that…结构中，若将so+adj. / adv. 置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装，因此第一空填So lucky was he；It is（was）the first time that…这一固定句型中，若主句是谓语是is，则从句谓语用现在完成时，若主句谓语是was，则从句谓语用过去完成时；因此第二空填had traveled。故选C项。
6．C
【详解】考查完全倒装和一般现在时。句意：她的血管里流淌着波西米亚人和赤脚奔跑的女冒险家的血液。分析句子，根据后文的runs可知表述客观事实，故用一般现在时。同时当here，there等词置于句首时，后面使用完全倒装结构，主语some of the blood是不可数名词，主谓一致，故用There flows，表示“那里流淌着……”，故选C。
7．B
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：不久前，继今年早些时候另一位反对派领导人死亡之后，一位民主反对派领导人也离奇死亡。分析句子，当表示否定意义的词not置于句首时，后面使用部分倒装，根据long ago可知句子表述过去的实施，故使用一般过去时，故提前助动词did。故选B。
8．D
【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：他们在抽屉里发现了一张纸，上面写着一些奇怪的编码。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a sheet of paper，表示“在”纸上用介词on，关系词指代先行词作介词on的宾语，应用关系代词which；从句用的是全部倒装结构，主语是codes，复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故选D。
9．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：看! 街对面来了两个孩子，惊恐地尖叫着。根据空前From opposite the street可知，强调介词短语，并将其提前时，句子应使用全部倒装。由于主语two kids为可数名词复数，其后谓语动词用原形。故选C项。
10．B
【详解】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：任何学术上的突破，无论它多么辉煌，都不能自动地保证它能应用于实践。根据句意，此处应该表示的意思是“尽管学术成就很辉煌”。注意：此处考查了though引起让步状语从句的倒装，即把原句的宾语、表语或状语提到从句句首。brilliant原本位于谓语may be后作表语，因为though引起的让步状语从句要部分倒装，所以放到了从句句首。故选B项。
11．A
【详解】考查倒装句型。句意：在广场的中央矗立着一块石头，上面有一个英雄的雕像。分析句子，结合句意可知，此处应用全倒装句型，谓语动词stands放在主语a stone之前，地点状语In the middle of the square位于句首。故选A项。
12．A
【详解】考查倒装句及时态。句意：直到最近我们才意识到学好英语是多么的重要。分析句子结构可知，这里考查Not until位于句首时，主句谓语使用部分倒装结构。时间状语是recently，根据选项，主句谓语是动词realise，用一般过去式，所以倒装时要加助动词did。故选A。
13．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：它攻击更大的哺乳动物的可能性很小。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查only+状语位于句首时，句子谓语要用部分倒装结构。根据选项可知，谓语中含有情态动词will，主语“it”和谓语动词“attack” 是主动关系，所以可以直接将will提到主语前面，构成部分倒装结构。故选C。
14．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：这是给你的票。副词here位于句首，应用全部倒装，将谓语动词提到主语前面，“给某人”用介词for，所以表示“这是给你的票”，正常语序为：A ticket is here for you，所以here位于句首，将is提到主语a ticket的前面，为Here is a ticket for you.故选C。
15．A
【详解】考查被动语态及倒装句。句意为:在一个小柜子里,藏着四首我在20世纪60年代为她写的母亲节诗。分析句子可知,本句是一个表语提前的全部倒装句，诗被藏在小柜子里，所以要用被动语态。故选A。
16．B
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：-你昨天旅行时被雨淋湿了吗？-走运了。我一到旅馆就下起了瓢泼大雨。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用no sooner…than…表示“一……就……”，是固定结构，no…sooner位于句首应该用部分倒装，再根据句意以及poured down可知，发生在过去的过去应该用过去完成时，过去完成时had+过去分词，故选B。
17．B
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：Marie的生意如此成功，以至于她在别的地方建立一个新的分公司。so+ adj. /adv. 置于句首时, 其主句需用部分倒装，正常的语序是Her business was so successful that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere，be动词was提前到主语之前，故选B。
【点睛】
18．A
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：重庆，中国十大城市之一，位于长江嘉陵江交汇之处。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子要完全倒装，At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialng River是表示方位的介词短语，lie是谓语动词，置于主语前，无需加助动词。故选A。
【点睛】
19．A
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：全球变暖的力量如此强大，以至于气候从一个极端走向了另一个极端。“such...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，为固定搭配，此处such放在句首主句用部分倒装。so需要修饰形容词或副词。故选A。
20．D
【详解】考查倒装。句意：尽管她尝试了，Sue不能打开门。as引导的让步状语从句，应将状语、表语甚至谓语提前构成形式上的倒装。很明显前后两句意思相反。as表示虽然，尽管。故选D。
21．A
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：小女孩从自行车上摔下来，这个场面把她的妈妈下了一跳。副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。根据题干中的句首Off得知，要用全部倒装。故选A项。
22．B
【详解】考查部分倒装句。句意：在和两名学生交谈以后，我才发现有强烈的动机是实现目标最大的因素之一。当“only+状语/状语从句”放在句首的时候，要把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，使用部分倒装形式。只有B项是部分倒装，故B项正确。
【点睛】本题考查了部分倒装句，在高中英语中常见的部分倒装用法如下：
1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装。 
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：  
I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。 
注意：
(1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： 
He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 
(2) 某些充当副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装： 
On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
 In /Under no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 
但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： 
In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。   
2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序： 
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。 
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。 
3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装 
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装： 
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 
4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装 
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构： 
You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。 She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。 If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。
注意：
(1) 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor： 
You aren’t young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。
(2) 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：
 "It was cold yesterday." "So it was." “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。” 
5. 由not only…but also引出的倒装 
当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式： 
Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
23．A
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：现在许多青少年常常认为父母的爱是理所当然的。他们很少想过当他们老的时候应该还他们什么。否定副词seldom在句首时，应为部分倒装句式，即助动词放在主语的前面，所以排除B、C选项，由题意可知使用一般现在时，排除D选项，故选A。
24．C
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：光的速度如此快以至于我们很难想象它的速度。so…that句型中，so放在句首，句子要用部分倒装。构成的结构是：So+形容词/副词+助动词+主语+谓语+that+从句。结合固定结构可知，C. does light travel符合此结构。故选C项。
25．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind……。故选A。
【点睛】虚拟语气中的倒装
当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：
1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.
→Should he fail, he would kill himself.
万一失败，他就会自杀。
2）If I were you, I would do it at once.
→Were I you, I would do it at once.
假若我是你，我就会马上做。
要是我能做此事，我一定会做。
3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
→Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。
该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。
26．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：袭击是如此突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。sudden 是形容词作表语，缺系动词was，所以这是主系表结构，故排除A和B ，又因在so...that 句型中，so+ 形容词，前置时用部分倒装语序，故选C。
27．D
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：我一直在努力提高我的英语水平。但决不是老师不满意我的进步。否定短语by no means放于句首表示强调时，句子应进行部分倒装，而且不应再在句中加入否定词not，故选D项。
28．B
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有当他因为自己的鲁莽而道歉的时候，我才和他再次说话。only+when引导的状语从句放在了句首，强调的是状语。在这种情况下，可以把助动词，情态动词，系动词提前至句首，形成部分倒装的句子，根据句意，用一般将来是，助动词用will。故B正确。
29．A
【详解】考查状语从句和部分倒装。句意：尽管卡罗莱娜尽了最大的努力，还是打不开门。此处as引导让步状语从句，要用部分倒装，把谓语的一部分即动词try提到句首。故答案为A。
30．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：北京提供这么多有趣的地方，以至于游客还没看完就没时间了。so…that句型的倒装句的用法：so/such放在句首时，后面用部分倒装，即将be动词，助动词，情态动词提到主语前，故选C。
31．B
【详解】考查倒装。句意：只有律师来了才有可能在文件上签字。only + 状语从句位于句首，主句要进行部分倒装，从句不倒装。故选B。
32．A
【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。
33．D
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：——你每天怎样去上班？——通常我和我的大多数同事一样乘坐地铁去。分析句子可知，此处缺少连词，故填as作为连词，表示“正如……，如同……”，其后通常接“助动词+主语”，相当于“and so +助动词+主语”，又主语colleagues是复数，故用助动词do，故选D项。
34．B
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：尽管他可能是个沉默寡言的学生，但课下谈论喜爱的歌手时，他话很多。本题考查as引导的让步状语从句的倒装用法，这里的as 的意思是“虽然、尽管”，这时从句需要使用倒装语序，把表语成分提到as前面，但应注意被提前的表语理名词时，名词前不用冠词a/an, the，即Quiet student as he may be, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class。故选B。
【点睛】As引导让步状语从句的倒装句式
As意为“虽然”、“尽管”引导的让步状语从句时，从句需要进行倒装。即把“从句中作状语或者表语的名词/动词/形容词/副词/动词（分词）”提到句首，形成倒装结构。As从句倒装结构如下：
1.表语+as+主语+系动词。
(1)如果表语是形容词，把形容词置于句首。
Young as he is, he is quite experienced. 他虽然年轻，但有经验
Late as it was, we still went on working.尽管天晚了，我们仍旧继续工作。
(2)如果是名词作表语，名词前不能有冠词。
Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，但是他知之甚多
2.分词+as+主语+系动词。
Crowded as the restaurant was, they tried to find a table.
尽管餐馆很拥挤，他们还是试图找一张桌子。
Raining hard as it is, I’m going out for a walk.虽然正下着大雨，我还是要出去散步。
3.副词+as+主语+谓语动词。这一结构中的谓语一般是行为动词，既可以是及物的也可是不及物的。
Much as I like you , I can’t live with you.我尽管非常喜欢你，却不能和你一起生活。
Hard as he works, he can't support his family.他工作努力，可还是无法养活一家人
4.动词+as+主语+助动词。这一结构中，主语后面一般有情态动词may, might, will , would, can, could等，句首的动词应使用原形。
Try as he may, he will fail in the examination. 尽管他努力了，考试还是会不及格。
35．A
【详解】考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：她是一个非常好的女孩，当她遇到困难时，她班上的每个女孩和男孩都愿意帮助她。第一空，So/Such ... that ...句型中，so 或 such 置于句首，其后的句子需要部分倒装；第二空，every...and every ...连接主语时，谓语动词需使用单数。所以正确答案是 A。
36．C
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：来了一辆公共汽车，我们不必步行回家了。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是独立主格结构，a bus与come是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，且方位副词there位于句首，应用全部倒装结构。故选C。
37．B
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他刚讲完话就被粉丝包围了。根据句意可知，此处意为“一……就……”，表达为no sooner...than...，no sooner后的主句用过去完成时had done，同时要进行部分倒装，故选B。
38．D
【详解】考查部分倒装，一般过去时和过去将来时。句意：再一次，杰夫可以与海豚互动，并获得爱的回报。他做梦也没有想到他的喜爱会受到如此严峻的考验。分析句子，选项中little表示否定意义，当其置于句首时，后面的句子使用部分倒装。根据前文的could可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时，倒装语序为did he dream；同时how引导的是宾语从句，该从句中表示过去将来时，故用would do。故选D。
39．C
【详解】考查it的用法和虚拟语气。句意：他被要求决不背叛自己的祖国，即使他缺乏金钱和权利。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型It is required that sb/sth (should) do...，此处It作形式主语，that引导主语从句，是真正的主语，且从句用虚拟语气，从句中by no means “决不”置于句首，从句需用部分倒装，将情态动词should提至主语前，故选C项。
40．C
【详解】考查动词时态和部分倒装。句意：我们分手还不到一个小时。根据空后关键词since可知时态应该用现在完成时。再分析句子，本句以scarcely开头，以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装，本句中 an hour是主语，has passed是谓语，部分倒装，将助动词has提前，所以空处应填has an hour passed。故选C。
41．C
【详解】考查时态和部分倒装。句意：直到太阳下山，他们才到达营地。句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，not until引导时间状语从句，从句应用陈述语序，即the sun went down，“not until+从句”置于句首时，主句应用部分倒装结构，将助动词提到主语之前，即did they reach。故选C项。
42．D
【详解】考查not until倒装句的用法。句意：直到三年前他教学退休后他才考虑出国度假。not until引起的时间状语置于句首时，主句应该部分倒装，从句的语序不变。在本题中，时态是一般过去时，he retired …ago 是从句不用倒装，主句的正常语序是he considered having a holiday abroad，改成倒装则是did he consider having a holiday abroad，故选D。
【点睛】当Not until 位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until+从句/表示时间的词+助动词+主语+谓语。如：Not until the teacher in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止说话。
43．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：墙上挂着一个布告栏，上面写着：“核酸检测排队时，请大家保持2米距离。”本句是完全倒装结构，空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和says可知，此处强调现在的状态，应用一般现在时的主动语态，主语a noticeboard为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
44．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：直到大学毕业后，艾米在非洲度过了间隔年，她才下定决心打破常规，发展负责任的旅游业。当Not until位于句首时，句子要倒装，其结构为：Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+其他.固定短语be determined to do意为“下定决心去做某事”，此处将be动词，即was提前。故选C。
45．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我要做这工作，我就改天再做。在虚拟条件句中如果有were/should/had这三个词，可将从属连词if省略，将were/should/had置于主语前，改写为“were/should/had +主语”形式。结合句意和主句可知，“___ to do the work”是虚拟条件句，其完整句子为“If I were to to do the work”，可改写为“Were I to do the work”。故选C项。
46．C
【详解】考查倒装句式。句意：虽然他是个孩子，但他能做一些成年人能做的事。分析句式结构可知，在as引导的让步状语从句中应该用部分倒装，即将表语置于句首，单数可数名词前不加冠词，且主句前不应再有连词but。故选C项。
47．D
【详解】考查部分倒装结构。句意：这座古庙的破坏如此严重，我们不得不采取措施应对。根据句意以及句中that可知，本句使用so...that...或such...that...结构，表示“如此……以致于……”，so是副词，后接形容词或副词，故排除A；such后接名词，且such置于句首时，句子应用部分倒装结构，将be动词is提到主语the severity之前。故选D项。
48．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果今天下午下雨，足球赛将推迟到下星期五。根据句意和句中的would可知，该题是考查的是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，逗号前面应该是一个虚拟条件句if it should rain this afternoon。在if引导的虚拟条件句中如果有should，可以将if省略，同时将should提到句首构成倒装。故选B项。
49．A
【详解】考查倒装和时态。句意：——来慕尼黑之前你懂德语么？——事实上我从来没学过。never位于句首，其后要进行部分倒装，而且此处表示的动作发生在arrived in Munich之前，也就是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，故A项正确。
【点睛】注意含有否定意义的词位于句首时，其后要进行部分倒装，常见的这类词包括：never，hardly，seldom，little，few, not until, by no means, nowhere, no longer。如：By no means could you tell him about this.你绝不能把这件事告诉他。Never in my life have I heard of such a thing.我一生中从未听过这样的事。
50．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气省略句的倒装句。句意：如果公司在一开始没有忽略这个错误，这个问题本来是可以从源头上预防的。根据the problem could have been prevented at its source可知此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，即If the company had not ignored，此处省略了if，因此要用倒装句，即要把助动词提前到主语前面，否定词not不能提前。故选C项。
【点睛】本题考查了If的虚拟语气中的对过去事实相反情况的省略形式。当从句中含有were/should/had的形式时，If可以省略，但句子应为倒装形式，即were/should/had要提前置于句首。
1.对过去事实相反的情况：
If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.
要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。
→Had we found him earlier，we could have saved his life.
2.对现在或将来事实相反的情况：
If she were here, she would attend the meeting too.
如果她在这里，她也参加会议。
→Were she here, she would attend the meeting too.
3.对将来事实相反的的情况：
If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.
若明天下雨，我们只好呆在家里。
→Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.
注意：若遇到否定词not时，不能与were/should/had缩略为Weren’t/Shouldn’t/Hadn’t而置于句首。如：
If I hadn’t warned you, you could have been killed.
正确：Had I not warned you, you could have been killed.
错误：Hadn’t I warned you, you could have been killed.