考点巩固卷02 定语从句-2024年高考英语一轮复习考点通关卷(新高考通用版)(解析版)
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这是一份考点巩固卷02 定语从句-2024年高考英语一轮复习考点通关卷(新高考通用版)(解析版),共11页。试卷主要包含了考查时态,考查定语从句等内容,欢迎下载使用。
考点巩固卷02 定语从句2023年高考真题 1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【44题详解】考查名词。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect. 3.考查时态。句意:她选的颜色装在一个盒子里,盒子里有一张女人的照片,她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是定语从句的谓语动词,由上文Last Friday可知,应用一般过去时。故choose改为chose。4.考查定语从句。句意:她选的颜色装在一个盒子里,盒子里有一张女人的照片,她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是woman,关系词在从句中作hair的定语,应用关系代词whose引导。故that改为whose。3.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。4.【2023年全国甲卷】Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”...【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意:然而,正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说,寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as引导。故填as。【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。2020-2022年高考真题 1.(2022新高考I卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 答案:that解析:考查定语从句关系词。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词等于关系词,设空处在从句中作指物的主语,先行词为species,且先行词前为all修饰,只能用关系代词that。故填that。2.(2022年浙江1月)Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 答案:that/who解析:考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词替代,故填that/who。3.(2021新高考II卷)I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 答案:that/which解析:考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构, ________ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a company,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用which或that引导该从句,所以填which或that。4.(2021浙江卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.答案:that/which解析:考查定语从句关系代词。句意:BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具,它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知,tool是先行词,且在从句中做主语,故填that/which。5.(2020新课标I卷)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 答案:where解析:考查定语从句。句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。故填where。6.(2020新课标III卷)In ancient China lived an artist______ paintings were almost lifelike. 答案:whose解析:考查定语从句。句意:中国古代有一位画家,他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist,且先行词在从句中作定语,故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。2023年名校模拟题1.The present time is the best gift ________ you can give yourself. 2.They will never forget the time ________ the Chinese women’s volleyball team finally won the World Championship in 2019. 3.In my opinion, you should go to big cities ________ you can find more chances to get a well-paid job. 4.I will never forget the days ________ we spent on that beautiful island together. 5.There is usually a break between the second class and the third class ________ students can go out to work out. 6.We paid a visit to the museum ________ we enjoyed lots of famous paintings. 7.I’m a friend of the boy _________ brother has won the first prize in the competition. 8.He looked angrily at the man _______ was talking on the plane all the time. 9.I will always remember the scene ________all people volunteered to put out the fire. 10.He has a shelf full of things, each of ________ has memories for him. 11.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world ________ multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. 12.The Wandering Earth Ⅱ,________ director is Guo Fan, is China’s biggest sci-fi film to date. 13.As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team’s goal, __________ is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground. 14.Miss Brown, ________ teaches music at a university, will give us a lecture next Friday.15.________ is known to us, Nanjing is a famous city for its long history.16.We have invited a famous artist, _______________ paintings will be on exhibition during the event. 17.The Chinese hetb qinghao, from_________qinghaosu comes, has been used to cure diseases for almost 2,000 years. 18.________ I explained on the phone, your request would be discussed at the next meeting. 19.One of the reasons ________ Jane got excited was that she had been admitted to a key university. 20.The first person who saw the man on the bridge ten years ago was a teenage boy________ dad wished he would find a new dream. 21.There was not much _________ we could do when it was raining. 22.She has the same fair hair and blue eyes _________ her mother had. 23.I shall never forget the day on ________ we moved into our new house. 24.He lives in the large room ________ windows face south, where he could have a good view. 25.The woman with ________ she was traveling is her best friend. 26.The crisis further highlighted areas ________ additional reform was needed. 27.The book ______________ was borrowed from my English teacher is very interesting. 28.Take part in more extra-curricular activities ________ you can improve your communication skills. 29.Li Ming, with ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 30.He has lost the key to the drawer ________ the papers are kept. 31.Your friends also influence the way ________ you view your physical appearance. 32.Our boss is said to come back next month ______our task will have been finished. 33.I highly recommend the film The King’s Speech, _______________ King George Ⅵ succeeds in the end. 34.There are totally three bedrooms in the house, the smallest of _________is Mary’s. 35.In the countries and regions ________ Zheng He set foot, legends have been passed on about this great explorer. 36.This trend has had some side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing _______the medical community was trying to fight. 37.The first day of October, 1949, is the day ________ the People’s Republic of China was founded. 38.I talked with the poor old man ________ house had been destroyed in the flood. 39.Yesterday I went to an amazing Chinese art festival. There were different stands ________artists could demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. 40.________ is often the case, people stare at their phones while sitting on the bus. 参考答案:1.that【详解】考查定语从句。句意:现在是你能给自己最好的礼物。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词gift是物,且被最高级best修饰,因此空格处用关系代词that,故填that。2.when【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他们永远不会忘记中国女排在2019年赢得世界冠军的那一刻。空处引导限制性定语从句,代替先行词time在从句中作时间状语,应用冠词副词when引导定语从句。故填when。3.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在我看来,你应该去大城市,在那里你可以找到更多的机会得到一份高薪工作。空处引导限制性定语从句,代替先行词big cities在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。4.which/that/不填【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我永远不会忘记我们一起在那个美丽的岛上度过的日子。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是days,关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,应用关系代词which或that,关系词也可省略,故填which/that/不填。5.when【详解】考查定语从句。句意:通常在第二节课和第三节课之间有休息时间,学生们可以出去锻炼。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是break,指时间,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,所以空处需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。6.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们参观了博物馆,在那里我们欣赏了许多名画。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是 museum,指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。7.whose【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:我是那个男孩的朋友,他的兄弟在比赛中得了第一名。分析句子可知,空处缺少关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词the boy作从句主语brother的定语成分,用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。8.who/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他生气地看着那个在飞机上一直说话的人。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,从句缺主语,先行词是“the man”,用关系代词who/that引导。故填who或that。9.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我将永远记得那个所有人都自愿去灭火的场景。空处引导定语从句,先行词the scene,在定语从句中作地点状语,需用关系副词where引导。故填where。10.which【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:他有一架子的东西,每一件都有他的回忆。此处things是先行词,指物,在介词of后面用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。11.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这样的故事在世界上一些几代同堂的生活方式更加根深蒂固的地方更为常见。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是parts,指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。12.whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意:郭帆导演的《流浪地球Ⅱ》是中国迄今为止最大的科幻电影。分析句子可知,设空处在句中引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的The Wandering Earth Ⅱ,关系词代替先行词在句中作director的定语,修饰名词director,应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。13.which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:正如你所知道的,在足球比赛中,球员试图将球踢进对方的球门,也就是固定在地面上的两个大门柱之间的网。空处引导非限定性定语从句,先行词是goal,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。14.who【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在一所大学教音乐的布朗小姐下星期五将给我们作讲座。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词Miss Brown,指人,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词who引导。故填who。15.As【详解】考查定语从句。句意:众所周知,南京是一座历史悠久的名城。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为主句叙述的内容,从句缺少主语,其意为“正如”,应用关系代词as引导。故填As。16.whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们邀请了一位著名的艺术家,他的画作将在活动期间展出。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,paintings和artist之间是所属关系,因此空格处用whose引导定语从句,故填whose。17.which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:中国的中药“青蒿”,也就是“青蒿素”的来源,被用于治疗疾病已有近2000年的历史。分析句子可知,先行词为 qinghao,作定语从句中from的宾语,关系代词为which。故填which。18.As【详解】考查定语从句。句意:正如我在电话中解释的那样,你的要求将在下次会议上讨论。分析句子结构和意思可知, I explained on the phone是非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句的内容,在从句中作宾语,放在句首引导定语从句用as。表示“正如”的意思。故填As。19.why【详解】考查定语从句。句意:简兴奋的原因之一是她被一所重点大学录取了。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是reasons,指原因,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,所以空处需用关系副词why引导定语从句。故填why。20.whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意:十年前,第一个在桥上看到这个男人的是一个十几岁的男孩,他的父亲希望他能找到一个新的梦想。分析句子结构,a teenage boy后面是一个定语从句,修饰a teenage boy,且a teenage boy和dad之间是所属关系,表示“这个十几岁男孩的父亲”,应用whose引导。故填whose。21.that【详解】考查定语从句。句意:下雨的时候我们能做的不多。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为不定代词“much”,代指事物,在从句中作宾语,故应用关系代词“that”引导从句。故填that。22.as【详解】考查定语从句。句意:她和母亲一样有着同样的金黄色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限制性定语从句,根据the same 可知,使用as指代先行词“fair hair and blue eyes ”作had的宾语。故填as。23.which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我永远不会忘记我们搬进新居的那一天。分析句子可知,空处和on搭配引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词day,先行词在从句中作on的宾语,指物,空处应用关系代词which。故填which。24.whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他住在一间窗户朝南的大房间里,在那里他可以看到很好的风景。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词room,且从句中缺少windows前的定语,用关系代词whose,故填whose。25.whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意:和她一起旅行的那个女士是她最好的朋友。分析句子结构可知,空格处为定语从句的关系词,先行词为the woman;表示“人”;关系词在从句中作宾语。故填whom。26.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这场危机进一步突出了需要进一步改革的领域。分析句子可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词areas,先行词在从句中作地点状语,空处应用关系副词where。故填where。27.which/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意:从我的英语老师那里借来的那本书很有趣。分析句子可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词book,先行词指物,关系词在从句中作主语,空处应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。28.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:多参加一些可以提高你的沟通技巧的课外活动。空处引导限制性定语从句,代替先行词activities在从句中作抽象的地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。29.whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意:和我一起去听音乐会的李明非常喜欢。句中先行词为Li Ming,在非限定性定语从句中作介词with的宾语,所以用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。30.where/in which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他把放文件的抽屉的钥匙丢了。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,所以应用关系副词,也可以用“介词+关系代词”。先行词为drawer,所以关系副词应用where。根据“the papers are kept”可知,此处是指文件放在抽屉里,所以介词应用in,先行词为drawer,所以关系代词应用which。故填where/in which。31.that/in which/省略(/)【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你的朋友也会影响你看待自己外表的方式。分析句子可知,此处为the way当“way”表示“方式、方法”,the way在句中作先行词,后被一个定语从句修饰时,the way在从句中作作状语成分,引导定语从句可用that,也可用in which,或什么都不用。故填that/in which/ 省略(/)。32.by which time【详解】考查定语从句。句意:据说我们老板下个月回来,到那时我们的任务就完成了。此处为定语从句修饰先行词next month,根据从句为将来完成时,表示“(到)那时”,指某个时间点,可知应用by which time。故填by which time。33.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我强烈推荐电影《国王的演讲》,乔治国王Ⅵ最终取得了成功。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词the film The King’s Speech是抽象地点,因此用关系副词where引导定语从句,故填where。34.which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:房子里一共有三间卧室,其中最小的一间是玛丽的。分析句子可知,设空处在句中引导一个从句,修饰前面的bedrooms,这是一个“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,先行词表示物,应用which引导。故填which。35.where【详解】考查关系副词。句意:在郑和踏足的国家和地区,流传着关于这位伟大探险家的传说。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句修饰前面的名词“国家和地区”且在从句中不作主要成分,表示地点,故填where。36.that【详解】考查定语从句的连接词。句意:这一趋势带来了一些副作用,比如说超重和心脏病——这恰好就是医学界在努力对抗的。根据句子分子可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为the very thing,指物,定语从句中缺少宾语,故应用that/which引导,但先行词被the very修饰时,只能用that引导,故填that。37.when【详解】考查定语从句。句意:1949年10月1日,是中华人民共和国成立的日子。空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词day,从句缺少时间状语,故用when。故填when。38.whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我和房子在洪水中被毁的那个人谈了话。空格处引导的是定语从句,house和man之间是所属关系,因此空格处用关系代词whose,故填whose。39.where 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。 句意:昨天我去参加了一个很棒的中国艺术节。那里有不同的摊位,在那里艺术家们可以展示他们的技艺,并教给参观者。该空引导限制性定语从句,先行词为stands,定语从句中缺少地点状语,用关系副词where。故填where。40.As【详解】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意:人们坐在公共汽车上盯着手机看是常有的事。固定句型As is often the case意思是“这是常有的事儿”,该结构中,as为关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,as指代的先行词为后面整个句子,并在从句中作主语。故填As。
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