【中职专用】高中英语 外研版2021·基础模块1 Unit 5 We Have Only One Earth（知识串讲+跟踪练习）

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【单元重点知识复习】
重点词汇
重点单词
重点短语
重点话题与重点句型
Envirnmentally friendly activities & Hw t prtect the earth
It calls n peple t change their daily habits t prtect the earth.它呼吁人们改变他们的日常习惯来保护地球。
Every small actin is f great help.每一个小行为都有很大帮助。
The gvernment is wrking hard t cut dwn pllutin all ver the cuntry, in pursuit f sustainable
develpment.为了追求可持续发展，政府正在努力减少全国各地的污染。
Everyne shuld get invlved in imprving air quality. 每个人都应该参与改善空气质量。
A leaflet n the 3Rs & Envirnmental prtectin slgans
Reducing unnecessary use is a way t prtect the envirnment.减少不必要的使用是保护环境的一种方式。
Sme waste can be cnverted int new prducts, s srt it carefully. 有些废物可以转化为新产品，所以要仔细分类。
Frm envirnmentally friendly habits and live a happy and healthy life, nt nly fr urselves, but als fr the earth.养成环保习惯，过上幸福健康的生活，不仅是为了我们自己，也是为了地球。
Save energy, save mney. 节省能源，节省金钱。
Buy fresh,buy lcal. 买新鲜的，买本地的。
Keep ur earth green.保持地球清洁。
When the buying stps, the killing can t.没有买卖，就没有杀害。
A ntice abut a refuse-srting cmpetitin & A pster fr envirnmental prtectin
A refuse-srting knwledge cmpetitin will be held by the Student Unin next Friday.学生会将于下周五举办垃圾分类知识竞赛。
I hpe everyne can jin the cmpetitin. 我希望人人都能参与此次竞赛。
重点语法
现在进行时
现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。
基本结构：
陈述句：is/am/are (nt) +V-ing
The children are nt playing sccer nw.
David is learning French these days.
一般疑问句：Is/Am/Are + V-
Are yu ding yur hmewrk?
Is David watching TV?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ is/am/are + V-
What are yur parents ding nw ？
is/am/are+ding结构的其他用法
与always等连用，表示一般的情况，含有某种感情色彩。
He is always talking t me in class.
实义动词若是表示位移的动词，如g,cme, leave等时，此结构表示将来的动作
He is leaving fr Beijing in tw days.
以下动词一般不用现在进行时时态
表示事实状态的动词： He has tw sccer balls.
表示心理情感的动词： I dn’t care what thers think.
感官动词一般不用： The dress feels cmfrtable.
现在进行时与一般现在时的用法比较
暂时性动作与经常性动词
Fr this week we are getting up at 7:30.(临时安排)
We get up at 7:30.(经常性)
现在进行时带有感情色彩
Hw are yu feeling tday?(表示关切)
Hw d yu feel tday?(一般询问)
被动语态
英语中有主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态中，发出动作者作主语；被动语态中，动作承受者作主语。
被动语态的使用情况
不知道动作的发出者是谁
The bk was published in 1992.
没有必要说出动作的发出者
The PRC was funded in 1949.
强调动作的承受者
Chinese is spken by mre and mre peple in the wrld.
出于礼貌等，不愿说出动作的发出者
It is said that she will marry a rich man.
***文章、广告、新闻的标题常用被动语态(省略be动词)
Girls Wanted. (招聘广告)
常用时态的被动语态结构
被动语态的基本结构：be+dne
主动语态与被动语态的改写
把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)
把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
主动语态：They are repairing the rad.
被动语态：The rad is being repaired by them.
以下动词不用被动语态
连系动词不用被动语态
The flwers smell sweet.
Gd medicine tastes bitter.
不及物动词和不及物动词短语不用被动语态
常见不及物动词短语：cme true , belng t, turn ut, run ut, take place, cme ut, break dwn...
My dream has cme true .
A traffic accident happened just nw.
表示事物的属性特征时，不用被动语态
常见的有：sell(销售好),read(好读),write(好写),wash(耐洗),wear(耐穿),last(维持)...
常与副词well,easily,badly ,prly ,nicely ,fast ,smthly 等连用表示效果或程度
The pen writes very smthly.
This cat washes well.
【单元知识跟踪练习】
【答案】
单项选择
Everyne shuld make effrts t pllutin
Remember t the lights befre leaving the rm.
Mum was cleaning the flr Dad was watching TV.
—Cking helps us shw lve fr family members.
— .Every time I make dishes fr Mum,she is very happy.
A.I can't believe it B.Take it easy
C.I culdn't agree mre D.That depends
The winning numbers are selected by cmputer.
All the students can d smething a better schl.
— can we deal with the prblems?
—By wrking tgether.
All the materials are n s that wrk can start immediately.
The gvernment is ging t the int a nursing hme.
All kinds f packages filled the yard.
【答案】
1-5 ABACB 6-10 CBBAC
根据中文提示填写正确形式的单词
Check the list f ingredients n the side f the (包装).
The (主题)f the activity is “hw t imprve spken English”.
(回收)ld prducts can make a difference t the envirnment.
Everyne has a part t play in (减少)pllutin.
When csts are cut , prduct (质量)suffers.
The activity aims t (提升)the awareness f envirnmental prtectin amng students.
(减少) refuse befre thrwing it away.
We shuld stp damaging the habitats t prtect (野生生物).
Culd yu take ut the (垃圾)?
We culd use clth bags t replace (塑料制的)bags.
【答案】
package
theme
Recycling
reducing
quality
imprve
Srt
wildlife
rubbish
plastic
语法练习题
写出下列单词的ing形式
【答案】
swimming; ging; studying
cming; running; getting
listening; raining; imprving
用正确的时态填空(一般现在时，一般过去时，现在进行时)
We _________ (fly) kites in the park n Sundays.
Tm _________ (play) the pian every Saturday. Nw he _________ (play).
What _________ she _________ (d) yesterday? She _________ (visit) her grandparents.
_________ mnkeys _________ (like) climbing trees? Yes, they _________ .
He _________ (sit) dwn and began t read his newspaper.
Lk at the man! He _________ (read) a magazine.
There _________ (be) a big tree behind the huse. But Dad cut it dwn.
—What’s yur father ding?
—He _________ (clean) up the flr.
My teacher ften _________ (tell) us nt t play n the street.
Jack always_________ (g) t schl n ft last mnth.
【答案】
fly
plays; is playing
did; d; visited
D; like ; d
sat
is reading
was
is cleaning
tells
went
用所给词的适当形式填空
Light­rail vehicle(轻轨) (build)in ur city in tw years.
—Yur hmetwn is beautiful, and the air is really fresh.
—Yes. Many trees and flwers (plant)arund here every year.
In this frest, ver 50% f the trees (cut) dwn s far.
There will be fewer wrkers in factries because mst wrk (d)by rbts in the future.
Kite (invent)by Mzi ver 2,000 years ag.
The stry (sund)interesting.
Great changes (take place)in ur hmetwn in the last few years.
This kind f sweater (sell) well.
This kind f sweater (sell ut) yesterday.
Our papers must (hand) in next Mnday.
【答案】
will be built
is planted
have been cut
will be dne
was invented
sunds
have taken place
sells
was sld ut
be handed
综合能力练习
翻译句子
它呼吁人们改变他们的日常习惯来保护地球。

每个人都应该参与改善空气质量。

减少不必要的使用是保护环境的一种方式。

没有买卖，就没有杀害。

.学生会将于下周五举办垃圾分类知识竞赛。

【答案】
It calls n peple t change their daily habits t prtect the earth.
Everyne shuld get invlved in imprving air quality.
Reducing unnecessary use is a way t prtect the envirnment.
When the buying stps, the killing can t.
A refuse-srting knwledge cmpetitin will be held by the Student Unin next Friday
完形填空
【答案】1-5 BCACB 6-10 CABCD
【导语】本文主要讲述了学校里的浪费现象以及浪费所带来的问题，号召我们停止浪费。
【小题1】句意:一些学生通常会要他们吃不完的食物。
crp庄稼;fd食物;drink饮料;il油。根据“than they can eat”可知，此处是指食物。故选B。
【小题2】句意:其他一些人经常在离开教室时忘记关灯。
turn n打开;turn up(声音)调大;turn ff关闭;turn dwn(声音)调小。根据“the lights when they leave the classrm.”可知离开教室时要关灯。故选C。
【小题3】句意:他们说他们能够买得起这些东西。
affrd负担得起;shw展示;find找到;receive接收。根据“Many mdern students usually buy new clthes thugh their ld nes are nt really ld”可知，许多学生喜欢买衣服，他们认为他们负担得起。故选A。
【小题4】句意:但是我不同意他们。
t到;n在……上;with和;frm来自于。agree with sb“同意某人”，固定搭配。故选C。
【小题5】句意:虽然中国有一些丰富的资源，但是我们缺乏其它一些资源，例如，淡水。
pr贫穷的;rich富有的;large大的;beautiful漂亮的。根据“Althugh China is…in sme resurces(资源)we are shrt f可知此处是指资源丰富，be rich in“富有”。故选B。
【小题6】句意:虽然中国有一些丰富的资源，但是我们缺乏其它一些资源，例如，淡水。
ther其它的，后接名词复数;anther另一个;thers其它的人或物，表泛指;the ther表特指其它的。根据“Althugh China is sme resurces(资源)，we are shrt f’可知，空后无名词，且此处是缺乏其它的资源，用thers代指“其它资源”。故选C。
【小题7】句意:所以如果我们继续浪费我们的资源，在未来我们能够使用什么以及我们能够搬到哪里去?
if如果;thugh虽然;until直到:befre在……之前。根据“we g n wasting ur resurces, what can we use in the future and where can we mve?”可知，此处应用if引导条件句，表达“如果”。故选A。
【小题8】句意:是时候对那些每天浪费东西的学生说不了。
save节约:waste浪费:pick捡:drp掉下。根据“Everybdy shuld stp wasting as sn as pssible”可知，此外是说浪费东西的学生。故选B。
【小题9】句意:在我们买新的东西之前，想想是否是真的必要，因为也许旧的也一样好。
nice好的;ld日的;new新的;clean干净的。根据“because maybe the ld ne is just as gd”可知，此处是指买新的东西。故选C。
【小题10】句意:一点点地，一切都会改变。
cmpared比较;replaced代替;cntrlled控制;changed改变。根据“Little by little,everything will be”可知，一点一点地，一切都会有改变。故选D。
阅读理解
A
It’s very imprtant fr us t learn abut prtecting the envirnment arund us. Here is a 4R rule fr us：
Recycle. Bttles, waste paper, glasses, plastic and s n can easily be recycled.By ding s, we can save lts f time and mney. Fr example, cke cans are sent t a factry. where they are smashed flat (压平)and melted (融化)and the melted things are made fr new cke cans.
Reduce. Millins f trees are being cut dwn t make paper. If everyne uses a little paper carelessly and thrw it ut, sn we wuld nt have any trees left. We shuld use bth sides f paper. Reduce bxes and cups which can be used nly nce. Other things are als being wasted. and peple dn’t knw what t d with the waste in big cities S it is necessary fr s t reduce the waste.
Reuse. We shuld always think f reusing the usable things befre thrwing them ut. Give ur clthes we d nt use r the nes which are t small t the pr. With a family, we may pass n such clthes t yunger brthers r sisters.
Repair (修理). If ne f the legs f ur table is brken, we can repair it instead f thrwing it away. If we want t change fr better nes, it is better fr us t sell the ld things r give them t ther peple wh can use them after ding sme repairing.
The mre we d, the better envirnment will be.
1. Which f the fllwing d yu think can be recycled?
A. Bttles. B. Cke cans. C. Glasses and plastic. D. All abve.
2. The “Reduce” rule mainly requires us_______
A. t reduce the waste
B. t use bxes and cups nly nce
C.t cut dwn trees
D. t use a little paper carelessly
3. Which f the fllwing belngs t (属于) reusing rule?
A.Cllect cke cans r waste paper.
B. Shut ff the electricity when leaving the rm.
C. Give yur ld bks t pr children
D. Cut dwn trees t make chpsticks.
4. Which is the best way t deal with a three-legged desk?
A. T repair it. B. T put it away. C.T thrw it away. D. T pick it up.
5. What's the main idea f this passage?
A. The ways t recycle energy.
B. The rules t prtect the envirnment.
C. The ways t reuse schl things.
D. The rules t reduce pllutin.
【答案】 DACAB
【导语】本文主要讲述保护环境的4R法则。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“Bttles,waste paper,glasses,plastic and s n can easilyberecycled”可知，瓶子、废纸、玻璃和塑料等物品都可以回收利用，故选D。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据“S it is necessary fr us treduce the waste”可知，要求我们减少浪费，故选A。
【小题3】推理判断题。根据“Give ur clthes we d nt use r the nes which are t small t the pr”可知，可以将不穿或者已经变小的衣服给穷人，由此推知，可以将旧书给贫困的孩子，故选C。
【小题4】细节理解题。根据“Ifne fthe legs fur table is brken,we can repair it instead f thrwing itaway”可知，处理三条腿的桌子最好的方法是修理它，故选A。
【小题5】主旨大意题。根据“It’s veryimprtant fr us t earn abut prtecting the envirnment arund us.Here is a 4R rule fr us”可知，本文主要讲述保护环境的法则，故选B。
B
When he was nine years ld. an American by called Mil Cress had a questin: Hw many plastic straws(吸管) d Americans use every day?He sn learned there wasn’t a simple answer. The by tried t find it ut himself.Thrugh lts f facts. Cress fund ut that Americans used abut 500,000,000 straws every day. He culdn’t believe it. In hpes f cutting dwn plastic waste, he set up the Be Straw Free Prject in 2011.
Cress started the prject in his hmetwn-Burlingtn. Vermnt. He asked a restaurant t stp ffering a straw with every drink. It was easy. But it wuld save much mney. And by ding that. the restaurant wuld cut dwn n its straw use by 50%.
Fr the next few years. Cress tried t share his prject acrss the United States. Mre and mre restaurants agreed t jin. They stpped giving the custmer a straw unless he r she asked fr ne.In July,2018.Seattle became the first American city t stp using plastic straws in restaurants.
After his prject became ppular, he spke t tens f thusands f students arund the wrld. He hpes mre peple will say n t plastic straws. “Caring abut straws is ne small step t make ur life better.”Cress says.“and it makes me feel that I.as a teenager. culd make a difference. t.
1. When did Mil Cress start t care abut the prblem f straws?
A. Ten years ag. B. In the year 2011 C. In the year that he was 9. D. In July, 2018
2. The underlined “that” in Paragraph 3 means
A. using paper straws B. saving much mney
C. giving cheaper straws D. giving drinks withut straws
3. Which ne is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A.Cress was surprised when he fund ut that Americans used s many straws everyday.
B. Seattle became the first restaurant t stp using plastic straws.
C.Cress shared his ideas with students nly in the United Sates
D. Be Straw Free Prject was nt successful.
【答案】CDA
【导语】本文主要讲述了9岁男孩MilCress为减少塑料吸管的使用所做出的努力，为保护环境做出了一定的贡献。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据“When he was nine years ld,an American by called Mil Cress had a questin: Hw many plastic(塑料)straws d Americans use every day?”可知，他九岁的时候就开始关心这个问题了。故选C。
【小题2】词句猜测题。根据“He asked a restaurant t stp ffering a straw with every drink.It was easy.But it wuld save much mney. And by ding that,the restaurant wuld cut dwn n its straw use by50%”可知，他要求一家餐厅停止在每杯饮料中提供吸管。这很容易。但是这会节省很多钱。通过这样做，餐厅可以减少开支。减少50%的秸秆使用。可知，that指的是“停止提供塑料吸管”。故选D。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据“Cress fund ut that Americans used abut 500,000,000 straws every day.He culdn’t believe it.”可知发现美国人每天使用大约5亿根吸管。他简直不敢相信，也就是很吃惊。故选A。plastic
(adj.)
塑料制的
srt
(v.)
整理，分类
refuse
(n.)
垃圾，废弃物
imprve
(v.)
改进，改善
electric
(adj.)
用电的，带电的
quality
(n.)
质量
statistics
(n.)
统计数字
reduce
(v.)
减少，降低
pile
(n.)
堆，叠
express
(n.)
邮件快递
package
(n.)
包裹
recycle
(v.)
回收利用
cnvert
(v.)
使转变，使改造
randmly
(adv.)
随机地
site
(n.)
场所，地方
gain
(v.)
获得，赢得
unin
(n.)
协会
gather
(v.)
聚集
theme
(n.)
主题
leftver
(n.)
剩饭菜
peel
(n.)
果皮
rubbish
(n.)
垃圾
battery
(n.)
电池
wildlife
(n.)
野生生物
use public transprt
使用公共交通
turn ff the lights
关灯
plant trees
植树
call n peple t d
呼吁某人做某事
used t d
过去常常做，曾经做
leave ... n standby
让...处于待机状态
a waste f energy
浪费能源
as sn as
一...就
run the water
让水流着
use plastic/clth bags
使用塑料袋/布袋
srt refuse
分类垃圾
drp litter
丢垃圾
eat takeaways
吃外卖
cut dwn pllutin
减少污染
in pursuit f
为了追求...
sustainable develpment
可持续发展
ec-friendly prducts
对生态友好的产品
electric cars
电动汽车
wrk n
致力于
Culdn't agree mre.
非常同意
n average
平均
deal with
应对，处理
express packages
快递包装
a flea market
跳蚤市场
utdated mbile phnes
过时的手机
recycling sites
回收点
nt als...
不仅...而且...
n time
准时
take part
参加
fruit stnes
果核
used rubbish bags/used batteries
用过的垃圾袋/用过的电池
vegetable rts
蔬菜根
expired medicine
过期药品
kitchen waste
厨余垃圾
recyclable waste
可回收垃圾
harmful waste
有害垃圾
用...代替...
energy-saving light bulbs
节能灯泡
时态
被动语态结构
例句
一般现在时
is/am/are dne
The cffee is kept in the fridge.
一般过去时
was/were dne
The tree was cut dwn by his father.
一般将来时
will/shall be dne
Wh will be selected the mnitr?
现在完成时
have/has been dne
The task has been cmpleted.
翻译短语
使用公共交通
植树
让...处于待机状态
浪费能源
为了追求...
可持续发展
对生态友好的产品
平均
回收点
不仅...而且...
准时
参加
可回收垃圾
用...代替...
节能灯泡
use public transprt
plant trees
leave ... n standby
a waste f energy
in pursuit f
sustainable develpment
ec-friendly prducts
n average
recycling sites
nt als...
n time
take part
recyclable waste
energy-saving light bulbs
A.cut dwn
B.cut up
C.cut ff
D.cut ff
A.turn n
B.turn ff
C.turn up
D.turn dwn
A. while
B.thugh
C.unless
D.because
A. wrngly
B.randmly
C.really
D.carefully
A. make
B.makes
C.t make
D.making
A. What
B.Hw
C.When
D.Where
A. refuse
B. site
C.peel
D.leftver
A. cnvert
B. gain
C.srt
D.gather
A. pile
B. unin
C.express
D.energy
原词
-ing形式
原词
-ing形式
原词
-ing形式
swim
g
study
cme
run
get
listen
rain
imprve