模拟卷（二）-2023高考英语三轮冲刺最新模拟真题演练（原卷版）

模拟卷（二）

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节(共15小题;每小题 2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Dear Teachers and Parents,

This June, during Financial Literacy Month, we have some to share.

In 2015, a free online financial education course named FutureSmart was introduced to middle school students, specifically intended for this group at a time in their lives when financial habits take hold and grow.

Fast forward to today, FutureSmart, available in English and Spanish, has reached over 13,000 schools across all 50 states. More than two million students have completed the course, with almost half coming from low-to-moderate income families.

But we arenˈt stopping there. We promise to reach four million more students by the end of 2025.

Why? Because this moment calls for brave action. Never before have money management and investment decisions been so easy to conduct at any time or place through the use of a smartphone. It is time to offer students more critical financial literacy education to encourage them to make good financial decisions on a daily basis as they make their way through a complex world.

From weighing opportunity costs to delaying instant satisfaction for long-term financial gain, FutureSmart educates our youth using hands-on simulations (模拟) to introduce concepts like daily financial decisions and the rewards of long-term planning. Teaching young learners how to build solid financial foundations is an important step in building financially healthy communities.

Although our work is far from complete, we know that FutureSmart works. And it works exceptionally well.

In the largest study of its kind, supported by the MassMutual Foundation and EVERFI, the University of Massachusetts Donahue Institute (UMDI) recently concluded that 90% of students saw a statistically significant and educationally meaningful increase in knowledge after taking the FutureSmart course.

Whatˈs more, these results were consistent across all student demographics including race, age, gender, school year, and socioeconomic status.

We have a long way to go to reach every single middle school student, but we welcome the challenge. Together, our teams have started a movement to provide equal access to financial education, and we invite others to join us.

Visit getfuturesmart. com to learn more and see how you can bring FutureSmart to the young people in your life.

MICHAEL FANNING RAY MARTINEZ

Head of MassMutual US President and Co-Founder of EVERFI

1.  The course FutureSmart________.

A. is offered in two different languages
B. requires skillful smartphone operation
C. has been bought by a large number of schools
D. targets students from low-to-moderate income families

2.  How does FutureSmart introduce financial concepts?

A. By establishing financially healthy communities.
B. By managing opportunities and rewards.
C. By simulating real-life situations.
D. By delaying financial gain.

3.  After taking the course, the students should be able to__________.

A. improve their academic performance
B. accept financial challenges at any time
C. understand people from various backgrounds
D. build a stable financial foundation for the future

B

Most environmental pollution comes from humans and their inventions. The electric bulbs are thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time. However, too much of a good thing has started to negatively impact the environment. Light pollution, the extreme or inappropriate use  of outdoor  artificial  light,  is  affecting human health  and wildlife behavior. There is a global movement to reduce light pollution, and everyone can help.

Light pollution is a global issue. This became particularly obvious when the World Atlas (地图册)of Night Sky Brightness, a computer-generated map based on thousands of satellite photos, was published in 2016. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia are glowing with light, while only Siberia, the Sahara, and the Amazon are in total darkness.

Artificial light can wreak havoc on natural body rhythms in both humans and animals.

It  interrupts  sleep  and  confuses  the  circadian  rhythm( 生理节奏 )---the  internal, twenty-four-hour  clock  that  guides  day  and  night  activities  and  affects  physiological processes in nearly all living organisms. One of these processes is the production of the hormone melatonin(褪黑素), which is released when it is dark and is prevented when there is light. An increased amount of light at night lowers melatonin production, which result in lack of      sleep,  headaches,  stress,  anxiety,  and  other  health  problems.  Blue  light,  in particular, has been shown to reduce levels of melatonin in humans. It is found in cell phones and other computer devices, as well as in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the kinds of bulbs that have become popular at home and in industrial and city lighting due to their low cost and energy efficiency.

Studies show that light pollution is also impacting animal behaviors, such as migration ( 迁徙 )patterns and habitat formation. Because of light pollution, sea turtles guided by moonlight during migration get confused, lose their way, and often die. Large numbers of insects, a primary food source for birds and other animals, are drawn to artificial light and are instantly killed upon contact with light sources. Even animals living under the deep sea may be affected by underwater artificial lighting. One study looked at how animals in sea responded to brightly lit panels put under water off the coast of Wales. Fewer filter feeding animals( 滤食性动物), such as the sea squirt( 海鞘), made their homes near the lighted panels. This could mean that the artificial light is altering ocean ecosystems.

The  good  news  is  that  light  pollution,  unlike  many  other  forms  of pollution,  is reversible(可逆的)and each one of us can make a difference! Now, many people are taking action to reduce light pollution and bring back the natural night sky. Individuals are urged to use outdoor lighting only when and where it is needed, to make sure outdoor lights are properly shielded ( 遮挡)and direct light down instead of up into the sky, and to close window blinds, shades, and curtains at night to keep light inside.

4.  What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Para. 3 probably mean?

A. Greatly improve. B. Seriously damage.
C. Strictly manage. D. Well maintain.

5.  According to the passage, which would the author agree with?

A. Light pollution was first studied as a global issue in 2016.
B. Deep-sea environment can help animals avoid light pollution.
C. Artificial light affects the sense of direction and habits of animals.
D. LEDs can be used more because of low cost and energy efficiency.

6.  What is the authorˈs attitude towards the control of light pollution?

A. Unconcerned. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Positive.

7.  What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To call on people to reduce light pollution.
B. To discuss fors and againsts of artificial light.
C. To give suggestions to protect environment.
D. To show development prospect of artificial light.

C

Adapting to technological advances is a defining part of the 21s-century life. Just two months after being launched in November 2022, OpenAI's ChatGPT has already reached an audience of over 100 million people. While ChatGPT threatens to change writing and writing-related work, the Mesopotamians, who lived 4,000 years ago in a geographical area centered in modern-day Iraq, went through this kind of far-reaching change before us.

Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization's early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字) literature, one of the oldest known forms of writing.

In its literature, Mesopotamians don't present cultural and technological advances as consistently beneficial. They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions. In some ways, the representation of new technologies in its literature echoes(映现) contemporary concerns about AI: fears of increasing social inequalities and its potential use in information war.

In recent years, AI-the newest form of writing-has been used to decipher(破译) the oldest: cuneiform literature. In broader fields, the boundaries of how AI may be used haven't been clearly explained. In January, for example, a top international AI conference banned the use of AI tools for writing scientific papers.

Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.

8.  What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning Mesopotamians?

A. Their adaptation to threats.
B. Their influences on writing.
C. Their contribution to literature.
D. Their achievements in civilization.

9.  What can be inferred about technological advances from paragraph 3?

A. They prevent human conflict.
B. They bring about hidden dangers.
C. They take away people's concerns.
D. They lower people's social status.

10.  What is the current situation of AI according to paragraph 4?

A. Its use in literature is popular.
B. It is not allowed to finish papers.
C. Its range of application is undefined.
D. It is not accepted in broader fields.

11.  Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A. How People Can Use the Latest Technology
B. How ChatGPT Will Threaten Writing and Work
C. What AI Will Do by Learning Cuneiform Literature
D. What History Can Teach Us About New Tech's Impact

D

My childhood was a painted picture of sunny sky and rolling green fields stretching to the horizon. It tasted of sharp berries and smelt of sour grapes. My family lived in a cabin(小木屋) in the countryside but I lived in my mother's arms. They were so delicate but strong, her red hair falling around me like a curtain separating me from the world.

Childhood was simple. The borders of my village were the furthest my troubles went and monsters only lived in the pages of books. Every day was a waking dream of running races and muddy knees. My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions. There weren't many children but me and the other boys; boys of butchers and sellers formed our own group.

They called us wild. I suppose we were. Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods, deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once.

My most vivid memories from boyhood center around that lake. Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outcry from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged(淹没), time would suspend, movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.

I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning.

For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would suspend, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.

We should have known that it wouldn't last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there's something so tragic about growing up: to have your perspective on the people and life around you change; to always struggle to reach a mirror only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day. And find, a different person staring back out at you.

12.  What does the underlined word "archaic" mean in paragraph 2?

A. Borderless. B. Valueless.
C. Old-fashioned. D. Poverty-stricken.

13.  Why did the author consider himself and other children wild?

A. They played in the woods crazily.
B. They tricked others purposefully.
C. They frequently broke social rules.
D. They firmly refused school education.

14.  How does the author introduce his memories of the lake?

A. By sharing feelings. B. By expressing ideas.
C. By making comparisons. D. By describing characters.

15.  What message does the author seem to convey in the last paragraph?

A. Loneliness and challenges make a man grow up.
B. The regret of growth is that you have never tried.
C. Growth is often accompanied by sad goodbyes to the past.
D. Growth begins when we begin to accept our own weakness.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Have you noticed how evenings cool off more in rural areas than they do in cities? Urban areas also tend to get hotter during the day than any nearby areas with lots of greenery.   (16)  

It's mainly caused by the difference in materials that cover the ground in urban areas and the countryside. In the country, evaporation(蒸发) of water from soil and the leaves of plants helps to cool the air.   (17)   Having fewer plants, cities have less evaporation and are unable to cool down the temperature.

Dark colours are another problem. Dark objects absorb all wavelengths of light, making the temperature increase more noticeably. In contrast, white objects reflect all wavelengths of light energy.   (18)   Sadly, most parts of cities are covered by asphalt(沥青), steel, roofs and bricks which are often dark in colour.

  (19)   As people drive cars, heat buildings, and run air conditioners, cities are generating waste heat and pouring it into the atmosphere directly. The waste heat adds to the solar energy trapped by the tall buildings.

But cities don't have to be so hot. Some cities have lightened their streets. This is done by covering black asphalt streets, parking lots, and dark roofs with a more reflective gray coating.   (20)  

Having more green spaces also helps. Plants serve as a natural air conditioner. They catch heat, release vapour(蒸汽) into the air, and take away heat, contributing to cooler, fresher cities.

A. Cities also produce more heat than suburban areas.

B. The higher the temperature, the shorter the wavelength.

C. This phenomenon is known as the urban heat-island effect.

D. So it will not be transformed into heat which makes the air hot.

E. Changes in building materials have a minimal effect on city temperatures.

F. Much of the soil in cities, by contrast, has been covered with roads and buildings.

G. These changes can decrease air temperatures dramatically, especially in summer.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Growing up, I was fortunate to have dinner with my family almost every day. Sometimes, the family dinner circle   (21)   to include relatives stopping by. Yet, I knew some friends whose parents got home after dinner or even   (22)   the entire evening. So I   (23)   the quality time around our kitchen table, which witnessed countless valuable   (24)   in my life.

  (25)  , my kids cannot relate to my childhood memories. They have been left to   (26)   with babysitters more times than I would like to admit. My husband and I have   (27)   careers. And we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime. When this happens too often, it   (28)   the balance of our family.

Apart from suffering from   (29)  , what else can a hardworking family do? I think we can all try to   (30)   our own ways to spend time together. Surely there are days when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family. But I would make efforts to   (31)   and chat later that day,   (32)    setting aside cellphones every time. And I even find a bedtime reading with my kids much   (33)  . I am also proud to have our "big breakfast" routine every Saturday. My husband serves as the head chef, and my younger son   (34)    him to make the breakfast.

I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly and will be out of the   (35)   someday. But now, I am happy to have so many wonderful things on my plate.

21.   A. widened B. formed C. lessened D. closed

22.   A. missed B. avoided C. enjoyed D. recorded

23.   A. wasted B. treasured C. limited D. calculated

24.   A. shows B. dishes C. recipes D. moments

25.   A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides

26.   A. sleep B. dine C. study D. play

27.   A. suitable B. flexible C. satisfying D. demanding

28.   A. maintains B. disturbs C. improves D. strikes

29.   A. fear B. anger C. guilt D. hunger

30.   A. predict B. create C. evaluate D. accept

31.   A. work out B. calm down C. hold on D. catch up

32.   A. unwillingly B. casually C. consciously D. carelessly

33.   A. louder B. shorter C. simpler D. sweeter

34.   A. assists B. guides C. allows D. orders

35.   A. office B. kitchen C. house D. park

第II卷（非选择题）

第二节(共 10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

     Unless you're actually in sales, the very concept of selling yourself during a job interview can be frightening. You don't want to sound arrogant (傲慢的), or worse, desperate. But learning how to be a self-promoter in   (36)   convincing manner is what the job interview is all about. The following tips can help you close the sale on a job offer.

Dress   (37)   (appropriate). Many hiring managers will form their first impression of you   (38)   (base) on what you're wearing. The right interview clothing   (39)   (depend) on the company you are applying for and the culture of the   (40)   (organize).

Ask unique questions. The secret of distinguishing yourself   (41)   other job candidates is simple: Ask good questions   (42)   are valuable to the company. These pointed, yet uncommon questions mark you as an in-depth, curious, persistent researcher.

Prepare meaningful anecdotes (轶事). No matter   (43)   industry you're in, you can expect   (44)   (ask) behavioral job interview questions. Normally, these questions require you to come up with examples from your past work experiences. Unfortunately, this is where a lot of job seekers stumble (支吾). To craft a fascinating anecdote, experts recommend   (45)   (use) real feedback to highlight your contribution.

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

1.推荐拍摄内容；

2.陈述理由；

3.表达祝愿。

注意：

1．词数80左右；

2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Hans,

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
    I had stopped at the Swindon services(服务区) while on my way back to London. As I drove up the slip road, I spotted a man with a backpack and his thumb(拇指) out. I pulled over and lowered the window.  
   "Which way are you heading?" I asked. "I'm going back to London."  
    "Ah, that would be grand," came his immediate reply. He opened the door and lifted his backpack on to the back seat. "I'm Brendan," he said with an easy smile and a rich Irish(爱尔兰)  tongue. "I was getting a bit desperate. I've had my thumb out for a day and half. Nobody seems to stop these days."  
    "I haven't eaten in days," said Brendan. "I'm trying to get home."  
   I've always enjoyed picking up hitchhikers. I used to be a motoring journalist and crossed the country in various test cars. Picking up a hiker always made me feel a little less guilty about all the miles I was doing.  
   As we headed east along the motorway, Brendan told me how he came to be waiting for a lift on that particular evening, and also about the two recent family tragedies (悲剧) that had ruined him and pushed him out of his old life and on to the road. 
    Brendan told me that he was 52. He laughed a lot and enjoyed his off-grid(不入网的) lifestyle. Until last week, that is, when he'd been mugged(抢劫).  
​ "Three young men in Birmingham took my other pack and it had all my money in it. I've been sleeping out since then. I haven't eaten in days. I'm hoping to get some casual work in London, so I can then get myself home to Ireland."
   It must have been the concept of home that got me, and helping a man who'd clearly had a tough time seemed like the right thing to do.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
    As we were approaching the Heathrow turn-off (希思罗机场岔道)，I had an idea.
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    Before he left to buy his air ticket，he gave me a huge hug.
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