2023年仁爱版英语八年级上册单元总结练习（词性、短语、句子）专题01 Unit1（原卷版）

这是一份2023年仁爱版英语八年级上册单元总结练习（词性、短语、句子）专题01 Unit1（原卷版），共11页。
Unit1
一．词汇拓展
1.win(v.)获胜；赢得→________(n.)获胜者；优胜者
2．cheer(v.)加油；欢呼；喝彩→________(adj.)快乐的；愉快的
3．skate(v.)滑冰→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)
4．dream(n.)梦想；梦　(v.)做梦→________(过去式)→________(n.)梦想家；做梦的人；不切实际的人
5．science(n.)科学→________(n.)科学家→________(adj.)科学的
American, French and Canadian ________(science) won the 2018 Nobel Prize for Physics for their study on laser(激光) technology.
6．music(n.)音乐；乐曲→________(n.)乐手，音乐家，乐师→________(adj.)音乐的
Lang Lang is one of the most famous ________(music) in China.
7．policeman(n.)男警察→________(复数)→________(对应词)(n.)女警察→________(复数)
8．spend(v.)花费(金钱、时间等)；度过→________(过去式)
9.health(n.)健康→________(adj.)健康的→________(adv.)健康地→________(反义词)(adj.)不健康的→________(adv.)不健康地
My grandfather keeps ________(health) by eating well and exercising regularly.
10．popular(adj.)流行的，大众的，受欢迎的→________(n.)普及；流行
11．relax(v.)使放松，轻松→________(第三人称单数)→________(adj.)感到放松的→________(adj.)令人放松的
12．exciting(adj.)使人兴奋的；令人激动的→________(adj.)感到激动的
13．bad(adj.)坏的；差的；糟糕的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)
Town Cinema has ________(bad) service in our city.
14．leave(v.)离开，把……留下，剩下→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)
15．ill(adj.)有病的；不健康的→________(n.)病；疾病
16．throw(v.)扔；掷→________(过去式)
17．fight(v.)争论；打仗(架)　(n.)打仗(架)；争论→________(过去式)→________(n.)战士；斗士；奋斗者
18．angry(adj.)发怒的，愤怒的，生气的→________(adv.)发怒地；生气地→________(n.)怒火，怒气
19．invent(v.)发明，创造→________(n.)发明；发明物→________(n.)发明者，发明家；创造者
20．become(v.)变得，变成→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)
George ________(become) a teacher at the age of 54.
21．hold(v.)抓住；举办；保持；包含→________(过去式)
22．person(n.)人；个人→________(adj.)个人的；私人的
Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their ________(person) ideas about dreams.
23．hero(n.)英雄，豪杰→________(复数)
24．hit(v.)击(球)；碰撞→________(过去式)→________(现在分词)
She slipped and ________(hit) her head on the road.
25．ring(v.)打电话；(钟、铃等)响→________(过去式)
I ________(ring) the doorbell but no one came.
26．stand(v.)站立；位于；忍受，承受→________(过去式)
27．feel(v.)觉得，感到→________(过去式)→________(n.)感觉；感情
28．break(v.)(使)破，碎；打破(纪录)→________(过去式)
二．重点词组

1.为……加油________
2．长大成人，成长________
3．今后________
4．擅长……；精通……________
5．参加，加入________
6．对……有益________
7．到处，遍及________
8．后天________
9．保持健康________
10．动身去某地________
11．患病，病倒________
12．帮某人一个忙________
13.在某方面做得好________
14．斥责(某人)；对某人大声说________
15．尽(某人)最大努力________
16．对……生气________
17．谈论；讨论________
18．起初，起先________
19．形成，产生________
20．例如，举例________
21．接力赛________
22．代表，象征________
23．至少，不少于________

三．重点句子
1.________ ________ ________ ________ basketball.我要去打篮球。
2．I ________ ________．我更喜欢划船。
3．________ ________ you ________ ________ ________ when you grow up？你长大了想当什么？
4．She ________ half an hour ________ in the gym every day.她每天花半个小时在体育馆锻炼。
5．I ________ our team will win.我希望我们队能赢。
6．________ you ________ teaching me？你介意教教我吗？
7．I'm sorry for ________ ________ ________．我很抱歉说了那些话。
8．At first, it was an indoor game ________ ________ students could play in bad weather.起先，它是一项学生们可以在恶劣天气时玩的室内运动。
9．The goal ________ ________ ________ the ball through the other side's basket, and to stop the other team from doing so.目标是把球扔进对面的篮筐里，并阻止对方球员这么做。
10．________ my ________ ________ ________ ________ part in the high jump.这是我第一次参加跳高。
11．________ ________ ________ half past six.我们定在六点半吧。
12．I don't know ________ I can win, but I will try my best.我不知道我是否能赢，但我会尽我最大努力。
13．We ________ ________ China will win more gold medals in the future.我们希望中国在以后可以获得更多的金牌。

四．知识体重
1.prefer的用法
【课文原句】I prefer rowing.我更喜欢划船。
prefer用作动词，意为“更喜欢”，相当于like... better，通常不用于进行时。其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式，其词形变化和常见用法如下：


2. 表示“花费”含义的单词辨析
【课文原句】 She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.她每天花半小时在体育馆里锻炼。 (1)spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下两种结构中：
①spend time/money on sth.在……上花费时间/金钱
I spent two hours this math problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。
②spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
They spent two years (in) this bridge.建造这座桥花了他们两年的时间。
She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.
(1) spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事
spend还可用于“spend some time/money on sth.”在某事上花费时间/金钱。如：
I spend an hour in English every day.
² 扩展：take, cost和pay也可指花费，但用法不同。
① take的主语一般是一件事，只用于固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth. 表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。如：It me an hour to do my homework every day.
② cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”。用于sth. cost(s) sb. some money 结构中。如：
The book me 30 yuan last week.
③ pay的主语是人，pay... for。如; He 5 yuan for this pen.

(2) exercise “体操、练习”，可数名词。 如：do morning exercises; do English exercises
“锻炼，运动”，不可数名词。 如：do exercise
“锻炼，运动”，动词。 如：She exercises every morning.

3.辨析be good at/with/for/to
【课文原句】She is also good at jumping.她也很擅长跳高。
【辨析】be good at, be good with, be good for与be good to
be good at “擅长……”，相当于do well in。 at后接名词、代词或动名词
Some of us basketball.我们中的一些人擅长打篮球。
be good with “善于应付……；对……有办法”，后面常接表示人的名词或代词
She her mother­in­law.她和她婆婆相处得很好。
be good for “对……有好处”，其反义短语为be bad for，意为“对……有害；对……有坏处”
Doing exercise every day your health.每天做运动对你的健康有好处。
be good to “对……好”，其同义短语为be kind/friendly to，后跟名词或代词
The young should the old.年轻人应该善待老年人。

4.表示“参加”含义的词汇辨析
【课文原句】She is going to .她将要参加跳远和跳高比赛。
【辨析】表示“参加”含义的词
join 参加某组织并成为其中一员
attend 仅表示去旁听，不起积极的作用
take part in 参加活动，并在活动中负责任
5. famous的用法
【课文原句】For the last 20 years, David Bechkam was a very famous soccer player.在过去20年里，大卫·贝克汉姆是一位非常著名的足球运动员。
(1)famous“著名的；出名的”，常作表语和定语，同义词为well­known。
(2)famous的固定搭配
Beijing its places of interest.北京以它的名胜古迹闻名。
His brother a swimmer.他的哥哥是一位著名的游泳运动员。

6.leave的用法
【课文原句】They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow for a game with Japan's national team.他们后天要动身去日本和日本国家队比赛。
Don't your keys at home.不要把你的钥匙忘在家里。
We school at five o'clock in the afternoon.我们在下午5点离开学校。
They Beijing tomorrow.他们明天动身去北京。
They and they're on leave now.他们有五天的假期，他们现在在休假。

7. --- Would you mind teaching me?
--- Not at all.

Would you mind (not) doing sth. 你介意(别)做某事吗？（礼貌地请求某人做或别做某事）
Would you mind my smoking here? （常用物主代词 my, her, his, our 等）
Would you mind if + 从句
PS：(不介意) 肯定回答：Not at all . / Of course not. / Certainly not.
( 介意 ) 否定回答：Sorry, I won’t. /Yes, please don’t. / You’d better not.

8. somewhere的用法
【课文原句】I will put it somewhere else.我会把它放在其他地方。
somewhere是副词，意为“在某处；到某处”，通常用于肯定句中；在否定句或疑问句中要用anywhere；与形容词连用时，形容词要后置。
It's too cold here. Let's go .这儿太冷了。我们到别的地方去吧。
9. finish的用法
【课文原句】I'll try to finish my homework on time.我会尽力按时完成我的家庭作业。
★finish后不能接动词不定式。
You can't go anywhere until you your homework.做不完作业你哪儿都不能去。
I have finished this book.我把这本书看完了。
10. one of的用法
【课文原句】Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and other parts of the world.篮球是美国以及世界的其他地方最受欢迎的运动之一。
(1)one of＋可数名词复数或复数人称代词宾格，表示“……中的一个”。
one of my friends我的一个朋友
one of us我们中的一个
(2)one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数，表示“最……之一”。
Betty is .Betty是我最好的朋友之一。
I think Jackie Chan is .我认为成龙是最受欢迎的男演员之一。
(3)当one of短语作句子主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
One of them my best friend.他们中的一人是我最好的朋友。
One of the apples gone bad.其中一个苹果坏了。

11. 辨析take, bring, carry, fetch/get
【课文原句】Bring Peter a present.给皮特带来一件礼物
【辨析】take, bring, carry, fetch/get


12. 数词的确指与概指
【课文原句】With hundreds of years' history, it is one of the most popular sports in England.它有上百年的历史，是英国最流行的运动之一。
数字＋hundred hundred与基数词连用时，用单数形式，表示具体数目
There are students on the playground.操场上有两百名学生。
hundreds of hundred与of连用，常用复数形式，表示概数，意为“数百的；成百上千的”
people dancing in the park now.现在数百人在公园里跳舞。

13.whether的用法
【课文原句】I don't know whether I can win, but I will try my best.我不知道我是否能赢，但我会尽我最大努力。
(1)whether是连词，意为“不管，不论”，常与or not连用，引导让步状语从句，从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。
you like it or not, you'll have to do it.不管你喜不喜欢，你必须做这件事。
(2)whether作“是否”讲时，常引导宾语从句。
Mary asked me I needed any help.玛丽问我是否需要帮助。
【辨析】whether和if
相同点 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使
I wonder I can get some advice from you.我想知道我能否从你那得到一些建议。
不同点 whether引导的从句常与or not连用，而if一般不能
Let me know you can come or not.让我知道你是否能来。
当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if Whether it is true or not, I can't tell.是真是假，我无法判断。
随堂练习
基础达标
一、经典句型
1.----I have to Mount Huang with my parents.
2. ----Have you ever fed the d children?
3.. T I had no time to travel, I still felt happy
4. Thanks to the policy, great c have taken place in China recently.
5--- The population in developing countries is growing faster. --- （确实如此）.
6.And it is i by 80 million every year.
7. But it seems that their living c were not very good.
8. 我不但听见了，而且还看见了。
I _____ _____ heard it, _____ _____ saw it.
9. 露茜和我都已经学了好几个小时的英语了。
_____ Lucy _____ I have studied English for _____ _____ _____hours.
10. 她家人口多，我家也是。
She has a big family, _____ _____ _____ .
11. 我们城市有一百万人口。
  Our city_____ ______ _____ _____ one million.

二．用方框中的单词的适当形式填空
control, difficult, develop, five, home

1．With the _______________of science, the world are becoming smaller and smaller.
2．—How are you getting along with your work?
—We have finished two ________ of it.
3．This sort of new medicine works well in __________ the lung cancer.
4．The earthquake and tsunami(海啸) in Japan made millions of people ___________.
5．Mr King had great ____________ in solving the problem, but he didn't give up.
三．完成句子
1．It will take them about five years to build the high­speed railway. (改为同义句)
They will ________ about five years in ________ the high­speed railway.
2．首先，我们必须学会保护自己。(完成译句)
________ ________， we must learn to protect ourselves.
3．库尔勒，新疆的一座美丽城市，以美味的香梨而著称。(完成译句)
Korla, a beautiful city in Xinjiang, is ________ ________ its delicious pears.
4．My father is going to Canada by plane tomorrow. (改为同义句)
My father ________ ________ to Canada tomorrow.

中考链接
一 单项填空
1.There is a lot to do.We can't ________ to waste any time.
A．wait B．afford C．want D．have
2.—Could you provide us ________ some information about your school?
—Of course.It's my pleasure.
A．to B．Of C．from D．with
3. —I can't find Mary.Where's she?
—Sorry, I don't know ________.
A．where has she been B．where she has been
C．where has she gone D．where she has gone
4.—I haven't seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides.
—________.
A．Neither have I B．So have I
C．Neither I have D．So I have
5. —My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow.
—________.Shall we go together?
A．So I do B．So do I
C．So will I D．So I will
6.—What a nice dress! Is it new?
—No, I have ________ it for three months.
A．had B．borrowed C．Bought D．lent
7.The population of our city is ________ than
________ of yours.
A．more; that B．fewer; those
C．larger; that D．small; it

二．完形填空
Without class exams, summer vacation is a good time for Australian kids. For __1__， it means much more than not going to school. It's__2__a golden opportunity to spend time with my family because I have__3__time with them during the school year.
Last summer I traveled with my family to the Hawkesbury River in Western Sydney. It was one of the most unforgettable summer__4__of my life.
Staying by the river helped us escape__5__the hot weather and noise of the city. Every day, my family and I got up early to go__6__in the cool water. In the mornings, we all took part in a big game. __7__played, including my grandparents, parents, brothers and sisters. We enjoyed water－skiing, water－boarding (水上滑板)and other activities. These activities__8__our family closer together.
In the warm afternoons, we read favorite books __9__under a tree by the fire. The days always ended up with a campfire(营火). Everyone sat around the fire talking and laughing.
The river is an amazing place for you to forget about all stress of everyday life and simply enjoy the moment. I can't help____10__those days again and again, even so many months later. I hope I can go there again.
1. A. me B. him C. her D. us
2. A. too B. also C. either D. neither
3. A. little B. much C. small D. big
4. A. days B. nights C. vacations D. festivals
5. A. for B. in C. from D. at
6. A. camping B. swimming C. shopping D. skiing
7. A. Nobody B. Everybody C. Somebody D. Anybody
8. A. learned B. took C taught D. brought
9. A. easily B. suddenly C. peacefully D. sadly
10. A. thinking back B. talking about
C. turning up D. showing up
三．短文填词
Stress is the feeling you get when you’re really 1 about something.
This is the kind of worry that troubles you for hours, or even days. It makes you feel upset, scared, or angry. You may find it 2 ['dɪfɪkəlt] to eat and sleep, or you might eat and sleep much more than usual. Stressing out will lead to serious problems like heart illness. 3 not all stress is bad for you. The good kind keeps your body and mind alert” (警惕) and can make you perform better, like when you’re giving a
4 ( speech) to your class or running to the finish line.
What 5 stress? Do you know why your dad is worried about the bills, or your mom is unhappy? Because they’re stressed out! There are lots of things in your life that can cause stress—having too much homework, taking a test in a subject that you are not good at, or hearing your parents argue!
There are some ways to d 6 with stress. If you are stressed out, try these quick and easy ways to relax! Take part in sports and out-of-class activities. Try to get at 7 eight hours of sleep every night. Eat a 8 ['helθi] , balanced diet that includes all kinds of food. Talk with your close friends, family members or teachers. It’ll m 9 you feel better, and they may be able to give you 10 (advice) and help you solve your problem.
四．短文填空
After four long years of 1.________， one of the best events in sports finally came. The 2018 World Cup was held in Russia on June 14.
Unlike the Olympics, the World Cup is a single­sport event, but it still interests millions of people around the world. “2.________ is a world language that we speak with our own accents(口音)．” A reporter said，“ The biggest activity that most people take part in is cheering 3.________ for their team during the World Cup.”
Some crazy soccer fans even travel to the host country(主办国) to watch the games. 4.________ wear their traditional dresses, and others may talk freely with strangers as 5.________ as they are all soccer lovers. It is also reported about 60, 000 Chinese people went to Russia to watch the game.
Fans who can not 6.________ there to watch the match have their way to enjoy the big party. They watch TV or live games online. 7.________ is not surprising to see that many people are crowded in front of the TV or computer, eating, talking and shouting for their teams!
Players have been working so hard for the day. Young players hope to become famous through their excellent skills and old players wish to surprise the world. Also, they try their best in the game, not only for themselves. We think that's 8.________ the World Cup is so wonderful and people love to watch it.