2024届高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第一册Unit2LookingintotheFuture单元主题训练

UNIT 2 单元主题训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

With over 4.1 billion people, or around 55 percent of the world's population, living in urban areas, cities and towns worldwide are getting increasingly jammed. In addition to spending hours stuck in traffic, residents are also exposed to high air pollution levels caused by transportation emissions (排放). Now, Saudi Arabia hopes to overturn urban living with “The Line” —a futuristic city designed around nature, without cars, roads and crowded places!

The totally different city, announced on January 10, 2021, is the brainchild of Saudi Crown Prince(王储) Mohammed bin Salman(MBS). Located in Neom, a 10, 000­square­mile high­tech planned development on the Red Sea coast. The Line will be the base of MBS's Saudi Vision 2030. The strategic plan aims to diversify Saudi Arabia's oil­dependent economy into other fields, like tourism, and create exciting job opportunities for its citizens.

The 105­mile­long city, expected to cost between D|S100 billion and D|S200 billion, will be built along a straight line and comprise several self­sustaining communities. To ensure all services are within a short, five­minute walk, each community will feature a three­layer infrastructure (基础设施)．

There will be no cars or roads on the top “pedestrian layer”， so residents can freely walk and bike in the surrounding green spaces. The second “service layer” will include all essential daily services, such as schools, medical clinics, leisure facilities, and grocery stores. The third “spine layer” will house ultra­high­speed transportation and autonomous vehicles transporting residents across communities in less than 20 minutes. The entire city will be powered with renewable clean energy sources such as solar and wind, and possibly even hydrogen.

If all goes according to the plan, construction of this groundbreaking, complex infrastructure project will start before the end of this year. In addition to providing up to a million residents with a clean and stress­free living environment, the Line is expected to create 380,000 new jobs, promote economic diversification, and contribute a shocking D|S48 billion to Saudi Arabia's Gross Domestic Product(GDP) by 2030. More importantly, MBS believes it will provide governments worldwide a blueprint for how people and planet can co­exist in harmony.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沙特阿拉伯王储MBS预设的有关未来低碳生活的蓝图“The Line”计划——一个围绕自然设计的未来主义城市。

1．Where can you purchase a bike if living in The Line?

A．Pedestrian layer.　　　　B. Service layer.

C．Spine layer.  D．The green spaces.

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知，“服务层”将包括基本的日常生活服务，由此可以推知，可以在“服务层”购买自行车。故选B。

2．Which of the following can best describe the project of “The Line”？

A．Widely­accepted.  B．Ill­considered.

C．Risk­taking.  D．Mind­blowing.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，The Line项目预计的效果和影响是惊人的，它将为世界各国政府提供一个人类与地球和谐共存的蓝图，所以可以推断它是非常令人兴奋的。故选D。

3．What does MBS think is the most important effect of “The Line”？

A．To facilitate Saudi economic diversification.

B．To offer a model for nature­man integration.

C．To boost the government's finances.

D．To create more job opportunities.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，MBS认为The Line工程为人与自然的和谐共存提供了一个模型。故选B。

4．What might be the best title of the text?

A．Saudi Vision for Environmental Protection

B．The Construction of the Line Is Underway

C．MBS：An Influential Leader of Saudi Arabia

D．MBS' Vision of a Futuristic Zero Carbon City

解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了沙特阿拉伯王储MBS预设的有关未来低碳生活的蓝图“The Line”计划——一个围绕自然设计的未来主义城市。D项“MBS的未来零碳城市愿景”适合作为文章标题。故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Futurologists are making a lot of predictions about our future life.__5__By 2048, some futurologists foresee that some “talking” buildings will appear in our life.

By the middle of the century，it's believed that buildings will be able to “talk” to people through various sensors when the heating needs to be turned on.__6__Instead, a lot of networks will appear, which can be compared to a human nervous system.In the next 30 years, buildings will be made from concrete plastics and shape­changing materials.All of them can heal themselves at that time.__7__there will be a need for new kinds of elevators, through which vehicles could even travel into the buildings.German engineers have already started working on such technology called Multi.

By mid­century, scientists believe that buildings will be miles tall.Some of them may be very large and they can function as small cities.By comparison, at present, the world's tallest building, the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, measures 828 metres high.__8__their windows will be replaced by virtual screens.In this way, people can choose any view as they like.

At height extremes, a London Spaceport is also likely to come into being by 2048 as the space industry develops very quickly.There is a huge cost advantage going to space from as high a base as possible.__9___

A．As cities are being very crowded，

B．As a result，there will be no switches.

C．As the future building can rise through the clouds，

D．As architects are racing to develop the world's tallest buildings，

E．They are predicting how we will travel, work and live in the next 30 years.

F．Therefore，a Spaceport is very likely to be over 10km, using carbon­based materials.

G．What is more likely, though, is that planes will become smarter and may even become autonomous.

语篇解读：文章介绍了未来学家对我们未来的生活做了很多预测。 到2048年，“会说话”的建筑将出现在我们的生活中。

1．选E　根据上文提到的“未来学家们正在对我们的未来生活做很多预测”可知， E项“他们预测未来30年我们将如何旅行、工作和生活”可承接上文。

2．选B　根据上文的“will be able to ‘talk’ to people ...when the heating needs to be turned on”可知， B项是上文的结果。

3．选D　根据下文的“there will be a need for new kinds of elevators”可知， D项可作为过渡， 引出下文。

4．选C　根据下文的“their windows”可知， 上文应该提到高楼， 所以选C项。D项虽提到“the world's tallest buildings”， 但是和下文无法衔接。

5．选F　本段提到“a London Spaceport”， F项和上文构成因果关系， 而且Spaceport为原词复现。

Ⅲ.完形填空

Recently we carried out a survey of 1,000 people from different countries to find out what they think __10__ will be like in the future. The results clearly show both our __11__ and fears.

The survey suggests that __12__ — one of the most important human relationships — will change greatly. People will make friends through the Internet. Computers will become really __13__ by 2050. Even now, some people describe them as their best friends!

According to the survey, home life will be __14__. Most people believe that by 2050 robots will be doing the housework and we will be eating __15__ food. A lot of people think that we might only cook for fun in the future. Space exploration will become increasingly __16__. Fifty percent of the people we talked to __17__ that man will regularly visit Mars.

Pollution is something that seems to __18__ many people. Some fear that it will __19__ to get worse, and that our planet will become __20__ to live on. Others even __21__ that one day we'll have to pay for clean air.

__22__， people seem to be quite optimistic about genetic engineering (基因工程), as they think scientists will use it to __23__ diseases like cancer and AIDS.

No matter how dark or bright it may seem, it is up to us to __24__ our planet and try to make it a better place.

10．A.education　　　　　 B．space

C．nature  D．life

解析：选D　根据下文描述的交友、教育、太空探索以及污染问题等可知，此问卷调查是关于未来“生活(life)”的。

11．A.tears  B．hopes

C．rights  D．plans

解析：选B　根据本空后的fears以及下文描述的未来生活的不同方面可知，问卷结果显示了人们对未来生活的“希望(hopes)”和担忧。

12．A.marriage  B．leadership

C．friendship  D．neighbourhood

解析：选C　根据空后的“one of the most important human relationships”和“People will make friends through the Internet.”可知，此处是说未来的“友谊(friendship)”会发生巨大的改变。

13．A.private  B．perfect

C．necessary  D．expensive

解析：选C　根据本段描述电脑对人们的影响可知，到2050年，电脑将变得“必不可少(necessary)”。

14．A.busier  B．safer

C．easier  D．sadder

解析：选C　根据下文的“robots will be doing the housework”可知，未来家庭生活将变得“更简单(easier)”。

15．A.unhealthy  B．frozen

C．over­cooked  D．ready­made

解析：选D　根据下文的“we might only cook for fun in the future”可知，到2050年人们基本不做饭，而是吃“已经做好的(ready­made)”食物。

16．A.famous  B．cheap

C．popular  D．difficult

解析：选C　根据下文的“man will regularly visit Mars”可知，未来的太空探索将非常“流行(popular)”。

17．A.doubt  B．believe

C．remember  D．warn

解析：选B　根据上文的“Most people believe”可知，50%的受访者“相信(believe)”人类会定期拜访火星。

18．A.confuse  B．frighten

C．satisfy  D．worry

解析：选D　根据下文的“Some fear that ...”可知，环境污染让很多人“担心(worry)”。

19．A.stop  B．continue

C．refuse  D．begin

解析：选B　本段指污染带给人们的影响。有些人担心如果环境“继续(continue)”变得糟糕，在地球上居住将变得“不可能(impossible)”。

20．A.cold  B．free

C．suitable  D．impossible

解析：选D　参见上题解析。

21．A.expect  B．promise

C．predict  D．wish

解析：选C　环境污染使得有些人“预测(predict)”有一天呼吸干净的空气也需要付费。

22．A.As a result  B．In other words

C．In a similar way  D．On the other hand

解析：选D　对未来生活，人们一方面担心环境污染，而“另一方面(On the other hand)”则对基因工程充满期待。

23．A.catch  B．prevent

C．spread  D．carry

解析：选B　根据上文的“be quite optimistic”可知，有一些人相信科学家可以利用遗传工程“防治(prevent)”诸如癌症和艾滋病这样的疾病。

24．A.look after  B．take over

C．pay for  D．think about

解析：选A　根据上述调查结果以及作者的结论“try to make it a better place”可知，作者认为未来将由我们“照顾(look after)”好地球。

Ⅳ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Arthur was messy.He didn't try to make a mess,  but he didn't try to clean up much,  either.There were always small pieces of food on the table when he was done with eating.He never put his socks in the hamper (洗衣筐)．And he only picked up his toys when Mum threatened to throw them away.Most days,  Mum followed Arthur around the house and cleaned up after him.She brushed the crumbs (食物碎屑) into her hand and threw them away after meals.She picked up his socks and made sure they got washed，dried and folded neatly before going back in the drawer.She often picked up his toys when he left them to do something else.

One day，Mum asked Arthur to pick up his toy train.“Not right now，”Arthur said.He was reading a comic book.The train had been on the living room floor since the morning.

“You know what，Arthur? I'm not going to ask you again.I'm done with cleaning today.”And with that，Mum put her feet up on the sofa and picked up a book to read.

At dinnertime，Arthur noticed that there was a pile of crumbs at his place at the table.Mum's spot was nice and clean. Arthur didn't like the crumbs very much.After dinner,  Arthur felt his feet were cold.He went to his room and opened his drawer，but the drawer was empty.“Mum，where are my socks？”Arthur called.

“There weren't any socks in your hamper，so I didn't wash them，”Mum said.Arthur felt unhappy.Now his feet would be cold，unless he wanted to wear the dirty socks on the floor.He decided to stay barefoot.

When it was time for bed，Arthur said good night to Mum and turned to go upstairs.Arthur stepped right on his toy train in his bare feet.“Ouch！”cried Arthur，“that really hurts！”

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

Paragraph 1：

However, Mum was still reading and said nothing.　

Paragraph 2：

“Mum？” said Arthur，“tomorrow can you show me how to do the laundry so I can wash my socks？”

参考范文：

Paragraph 1：

However, Mum was still reading and said nothing. Arthur wasn't sure whether she had heard him or not so he called for help again, but Mum still didn't come. Then Arthur realized maybe it was he that should solve his problem on his own at that very moment. He quietly picked up the toy train and put it in the box. It only took a minute for him to put the toy away, and now he wouldn't have to worry about hurting his feet again.

Paragraph 2：

“Mum？”said Arthur, “tomorrow can you show me how to do the laundry so I can wash my socks？”“Of course，” said Mum. “It's nice to see you begin to learn to take care of yourself. I am always here to do whatever I can to help you become a more independent boy.”Arthur felt better. He didn't want to wait until the next laundry day to have clean socks again. Maybe being neat wasn't so hard after all.