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    Unit 1-八年级英语下册复习手册(人教版) 试卷

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    Unit 1-八年级英语下册复习手册(人教版)

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    这是一份Unit 1-八年级英语下册复习手册(人教版),共17页。试卷主要包含了 breathe等内容,欢迎下载使用。
     Unit 1 What's the matter?
    ◆短语归纳

    1. have a fever 发烧
    2. have a cough 咳嗽
    3. have a toothache 牙疼
    4. talk too much 说得太多
    5. drink enough water 喝足够的水
    6. have a cold 受凉;感冒
    7. have a stomachache 胃疼
    8. have a sore back 背疼
    9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
    10. take risks 冒险
    11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
    12. see a dentist 看牙医
    13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片
    14. take one’ s temperature 量体温
    15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药
    16. give up 放弃
    17. sound like 听起来像
    18. all weekend 整个周末
    19. in the same way 以同样的方式
    20. go to a doctor 看医生
    21. go along 沿着……走
    22. on the side of the road 在马路边
    23. shout for help 大声呼救
    24. without thinking twice 没有多想
    25. get off 下车
    26. have a heart problem 有心脏病
    27. to one’ s surprise 另某人惊讶的是
    28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于
    29. in time 及时
    30. make a decision 做出决定
    31. get into trouble 造成麻烦
    32. right away 立刻;马上
    33. because of 由于
    34. get out of 离开;从……出来
    35. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事
    36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎
    37. fall down 摔倒
    38. feel sick 感到恶心
    39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
    40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
    41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰
    42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难
    43. mountain climbing 登山运动
    44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
    45. run out (of) 用完;用尽
    46. so that 以便
    47. so...that... 如此……以至于...…
    48. be in control of 掌管;管理
    49. in a difficult situation 在闲境中


    ◆ 典句必背
    1. What's the matter with you?
    = What's the trouble with you?
    = What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?
    2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢?
    3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?
    4.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。
    5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢?
    6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
    7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。
    ◆词汇讲解

    1. have a cold
    have a cold是动词短语,意为“患感冒,伤风”,也可以说成catch a cold/get a cold或take a cold。其中have表示“患病,得病”,不能用于进行时态,但可与一段时间连用,表示状态;而catch/get a cold则表示瞬时动作,不能同一段时间连用。例如:
         I have had a cold for three days. 我感冒三天了。
          此句也可以表达为:
          I had/caught/got a cold three days ago.
    【拓展】
    表示人体某部位“痛”时的几种结构:
    (1)have a + 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。例如:
          have a headache 头痛
          have a toothache 牙痛
          have a stomachache胃痛
    (2)have a sore + 身体部位名词。例如:
         have a sore throat 喉咙痛
         have a sore arm   胳膊痛
         have a sore foot   脚痛
    (3)身体部位 + hurt/ache。例如:
         My eyes hurt. 我眼睛痛。
         My legs ache. 我腿疼。
    (4)have a pain in/ on + the + 身体部位。例如:
    I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。
    (5)There is something wrong with + one’s + 身体部位。例如:
          There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的眼睛有毛病。

    2. rest
    (1)rest作及物动词,意为“使休息”,作不及物动词,意为“休息”。例如:
        You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.
        在大量阅读之后,你应该休息一下你的眼睛。
        I’m tired, and I want to rest. 我累了,我想休息。
    (2)rest也可以作名词,常用搭配have a rest,表示“休息一下”。例如:
        You have a cold,and should have a rest.
        你感冒了,应该休息一下。

    3. break
    (1)break作不及物,意为“弄碎,破碎”。break的过去式为broke,过去分词为broken。
    例如:Glass is easily broken. 玻璃容易破碎。
    (2)break作及物动词,意为“弄碎,弄断”。例如:
        Li Ming broke his left leg last night. 昨晚李明摔断了左腿。
    (3)break作及物动词,意为“不遵守”。例如:
         As a student, you shouldn’t break school rules.
        作为学生,你不该违反学校规则。 
    【拓展】
    (1) break down 意为“(机器)坏了”。例如:
     We are sorry to arrive late, because the car broke down.
    我们很抱歉到晚了,因为车抛锚了。
    (2)break into 表示“破门而入”。例如:
    I caught two men trying to break into the office. 我瞧见两个人想闯入我的办公室。
    (3)break out 表示“(战争、瘟疫、火灾等)爆发”。例如:
    World War II broke out in September 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于1939年9月。

    4. hurt
    (1)hurt作及物动词,意为“使受伤,使弄痛”,过去分词和过去式都是hurt。例如:
    He hurt his right knee. 他伤了右膝。
    I hope you haven’t hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。
    (2) hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如:
        You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat.
        你说她胖,伤害了她的感情了。
        I don’t mean to hurt you. 我并非有意伤害你。
    (3)hurt作不及物动词,意为“疼痛”。例如:
       My feet hurt when I walk. 我走路时脚疼。
       I caught a cold and my head hurt.  我感冒了而且头痛。

    5. free 
    free作及物动词,意为“使自由”。例如:
    Can you free me for half an hour? 你能让我自由一个小时吗?
    【拓展】
    (1)free作形容词,表示“自由的;空闲的”。例如:
        You are free to ask questions. 你可以请随便问。
        Are you free tomorrow?你有空吗?
    (2)free还可作“免费的”。例如:
        Are the drinks free? 这饮料是免费的吗?
        The books are given away free. 这些书是免费赠送的。
    (3)free的副词freely可表示“自由地,随便地等”,可位于动词之前或之后。例如:
        You may speak freely. 你可以直言。
        He could write freely about it now. 他可以自由地写这个事了。

    6. mean
    (1)mean作及物动词,表示“打算,意味着”,后接名词,动词不定式短语或从句。例如:
        The red light means “Stop”. 红灯表示停止。
        I mean to go shopping.  我的意思是去购物。
    The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。
    (2)mean的名词形式是“meaning”,表示“意思、含义”。例如:
         What’s the meaning of the word?这个单词的是什么意思?
    (3)What do / did you mean by...? 该句型的意思是“你……是什么意思?” 例如:
        What do you mean by acting like this? 你这样做是什么意思?

    7. lie
    lie是动词,意为“躺”,过去式和过去分词分别为lay和lain,现在分词为lying。例如:
        I found he was lying on the ground. 我发现他躺在地上。
    【拓展】
    (1) lie有“位于”的意思。例如:
        A temple lies on the top of the mountain. 一座寺庙位于山顶之上。
    (2) lie作动词时,也可意为“撒谎”,过去式和过去分词是规则的,均为lied。lie也可用作名词,意为“谎言”。例如:
        Don’t lie to me.不要向我撒谎。
        The boy told a lie to me. 这个男孩向我撒了谎。
    原形
    词义
    过去式
    过去分词
    现在分词
    lie
    躺;位于
    lay
    lain
    lying
    lie
    说谎
    lied
    lied
    lying
     (3)英语中,部分以-ie结尾的动词的-ing形式必须改ie为y再加-ing。例如:
        die → dying     tie → tying    lie → lying

    8. breathe
    breathe可以作不及物动词也可以作及物动词,意为“呼吸”。例如:
    The old man is breathing hard.这位老人呼吸困难。
    It’s good to breathe fresh air. 呼吸新鲜空气有好处。
    【拓展】辨析breathe和breath
        这两个词都是表示“呼吸”的意思,但词性不同。breath 是名词;breathe 是动词。例如:
        He has run himself out of breath.
        他跑得上气不接下气。
        It’s healthy to breathe deeply in the morning
        早上做深呼吸对身体有益。
        breath的常用短语:take a deep breath 深呼吸;out of breath上气不接下气

    9. ourselves
    ourselves是反身代词,意为“我们自己”。表示“某人自己”的代词,叫反身代词,也叫自身代词。反身代词在句子中可以作宾语、表语和同位语,需要注意反身代词与所指代的名词或代词在人称、性别和数上保持一致。
    反身代词的构成是:
    第一人称和第二人称是“形容词性物主代词+-self/selves”。例如:myself(我自己),ourselves(我们自己),yourself(你自己),yourselves(你们自己)
    第三人称是“宾格代词+-self/selves”;单数形式是加-self,复数形式是加-selves。例如:himself(他自己),herself(她自己),itself(它自己),themselves(他们自己)
    注意:对于单数人称的反身代词加-self,对于复数人称的反身代词加-selves。
    常用短语有:
        by oneself  某人独自
        enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得开心
        teach oneself  自学
        help oneself to… 随便吃、喝……
        dress oneself  自己穿衣服 
        hurt oneself 伤了自己

    练一练:
    I. 英汉词组互译。
    1. have a cold _________            2. 量体温_________
    3. to one’s surprise_________         4. 同意做某事_________
    5. be used to doing sth... ________       6. 看医生________
    7. run out of_______                  8. 下车________
    9. thanks to ________                 10. 及时________
    II. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。
    1. Do you______ (介意) if I open the window?
    2.Be careful,not to _______(受伤) yourself.
    3.Tom is in a difficult s_______.
    4.I have made a d_______ about my study goal for the new term.
    5.We should look after o_______ when we are alone at home.
    6.If you have a fever,you s_______ lie down and rest.
    7.I have a _______(牙疼),so I want to see a dentist(牙医).
    8.They retire(退休) and have a lot of f_______ time.
    III. 从括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
    1.It’s hard to make a _______(decide) now.
    2.Is she used to _______(walk) after supper?  
    3.The _______(die) of her lovely cat makes her sad.
    4.As time goes by,we can realize the _______(important) of love. 
    5._______ he _______(have) a sore back?    
    6.He should _______(have) some hot water.
    7.Look!  A dog _______(lie) at the door.   
    8.We are _______(surprise) at the news.     
    9.He kept on _______(work) though his leg hurt.  
    10.No one can be successful _______(with) hard work.

    【参考答案】      
    I. 英汉词组互译。
    1.感冒      2.take one’s temperature   
     3.使某人吃惊   4.agree to do sth.
    5.习惯于做……    6.go to see a doctor        
    7.用尽;耗尽    8.get off
    9. 多亏;由于   10. in time
    II. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。
    1.mind      2.hurt   3. situation   4. decision 
    5. ourselves  6. should   7. toothache   8. free
    III.从括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
    1. decision    2.walking    3. death     
    4.importance    5. Does,have
    6. have       7. is lying    8.surprised   
    9. working     10. without 

    ◆ 重点句型解析

    1. What’s the matter?
    What’s the matter?和What’s wrong?是用来询问对方出了什么毛病或问题,意为“怎么了?”,是医生询问病人病情时的常用语。例如:
        — What’s the matter? 你怎么了?
        —I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。
        —What’s wrong, Tom? Tom怎么了?
        —I don’t feel very well. 我感觉不太舒服。
    【拓展】
        What’s the matter?和What’s wrong?后可接with sb. / sth.,即What’s the matter with sb./ sth.?或What’s wrong with sb./sth.?意为“某人/某物怎么了?”例如:
        What’s the matter with you? = What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
        —What’s wrong / What’s the matter with your leg? 你的腿怎么了?    —Nothing. 没什么。
    注意:matter是名词,其前只能加定冠词the;wrong是形容词,前面不需要加任何冠词。能说What’s your wrong? 和What’s your matter?

    2. —What should she do?
    —She should take her temperature.
    should作情态动词,意为“应当,应该”。表示义务、责任,可用于各种人称,无人称和数的变化,也不能单独作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气和情态;否定形式为should not,缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法有:
    (1) 表示责任和义务,意为“应该”。例如:
        You should take your teacher’s advice. 你应该听从你老师的建议。
        You shouldn’t be late for class. 你不应该上课迟到。
    (2) 表示推断,意为“可能,该”。例如:
    The train should have already left. 火车可能已经离开了。

    3. But to his surprise,they all agreed to go with him.
    (1) surprise作动词时,意为“使……惊奇,使……感到意外、吃惊”。例如:
        What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外?
    (2) surprise作不可数名词时,表示“惊奇,惊异”。例如:
        Her face showed surprise at the news.
        听到这个消息,她的脸上露出了惊奇的表情。
    (3)surprise作可数名词时,表示“惊奇、惊讶、意外的事或吃惊的事”。例如:
        He gave me a surprise by arriving early.
        他的早到使我大感意外。
    (4)作名词用时常可构成如下短语:
        to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是……”;
        in surprise意为“吃惊地 ”。例如:
        To my surprise, he passed the exam.
        使我吃惊是,他竟然通过了考试。
        He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地望着我。

    4. He was not ready to die that day.
    (1)ready 作形容词,意为“准备好的”。例如:
        Is everything ready? 一切都准备好了吗?
        Are you ready? 你准备好了吗?
    (2)be/get ready to + 动词原形,意为“准备做……”。例如:
        I’m getting ready to travel. 我正准备去旅行。
    【拓展】
    be ready for意为“准备去……”,后接名词或动名词,同义短语为get ready for。例如:
        I’m ready for bed. 我正准备睡觉。
        The chicken will soon be ready for the pot.
        这些鸡肉很快就可以准备下锅了。

    5. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
    mind作及物动词,意为“介意、照料、留神、注意”。常用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中,后面接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句。例如:
        Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗?
        Don’t mind me.不要管我。
    【拓展】mind还可作名词,意为“智力、头脑、想法、意见”。例如:
        He has quick mind. 他头脑敏锐。
        Tom changed his mind at last. 最后Tom改变了主意。

    练一练:
    I. 按括号中的要求改写句子。
    1. We had a good time in the park yesterday. (同义句转换)
        We ______ ______ in the park yesterday.
    2. Sleeping eight hours a night is very important. (同义句转换)
        ______ very important ______ ______ eight hours a night.
    3. It’s important that we should eat a balanced diet. (同义句转换)
        It’s important ______ ______ ______ ______ a balanced diet.
    4. What’s the matter with you? (同义句转换)
        What’s ______ ______ you?
    5. I think I have a cold. (改为否定句)
        I ______ ______ I ______ a cold.
    6. She has a toothache. (对划线部分提问)
        ______ the ______ ______ her?
    7. My head hurts. (同义句转换)
        I ______ a ______.
    8. There is a tall building in front of my house. (同义句转换)
        A tall building ______ in front of my house.
    9. He need not return the book three days ago. (同义句转换)
     He ______ ______ ______ return the book three days ago.
    10. I hope to buy a present for my mother with my own money. (同义句转换)
     I hope ______ I ______ ______ a present for my mother with my own money.
    II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
    1. — 你的手表怎么了?
        — 它不走了。
        — ______ ______ _____ your watch?
        — It’s doesn’t work.
    2. 多吃蔬菜和水果对我们来说是必要的。
        It’s necessary ______ us ______ ______ more fruit and vegetables.
    3. 那个男孩喜欢用英语和别人说话。
        The boy ______ ______ ______ others in English.
    4. — 你怎么了?
        — 我牙疼。
        — ______ ______ ______?
        — I have a ______.
    5. 你看上去气色不好,请躺下休息一下吧。
        You don’t look ______. Please ______ ______ and have a rest.
    6. 你应该帮助你母亲做家务。
        You ______ ______ your mother ______ the housework.
    7. 你介意调低音乐吗?
        Would you ______ _____ ______the music?    
    8. 所有学生在为运动会做准备。
        All the students _____ _____ _____ _____the sports meeting.
    III. 补全对话。
    Choose the best choice from A to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should be used only once.
    A: Hi, Peter. I see you wearing a pair of glasses. But you didn’t wear it before, did you?
    B:     (1)     But I’m afraid I have to wear it now.
    A:     (2)    
    B: Because I get screen sightedness(近视症)and     (3)    
    A:     (4)     What happened?
    B: My doctor said that I watched movies or played games on my iPad quite a lot.
    I suggest you not to do that like me.
    A:     (5)      Peter.
    B: You’re welcome.
    A. Why?              B. I’m   sorry to hear that.
    C. No, I didn’t.          D. Thank you for your advice.
    E. Yes, I did.           F. I can’t see things clearly.

    1         2         3         4         5        

    【参考答案】
     I. 按括号中的要求改写句子。
    1. enjoyed ourselves   2. It’s; to sleep  
    3. for us to eat  4. wrong with  5. don’t think; have
     6. What’s; matter with  7. have; headache  
    8. lies/   9. didn’t need to  10. that; can buy
    II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
    1. What’s wrong with 2. for; to eat  
    3. enjoys/likes talking with/to
    4. What’s the matter; toothache   
    5. well; lie down 6. should help; with/do   
    7.mind turning down  8. are getting ready for
    III. 补全对话。
        1—5 CAFBD
    ◆ 重要语法点
    一、  询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法
    (1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:
      What’s the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了? 
     What’s wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?
    What’s the trouble (with sb.)?(某人)出什么事了?  
    What happened (to sb.)?(某人)发生了什么事?
      Are you OK?你没事吧?
    Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事吗? 
     (2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构: 
     1.某人+have/has+病症.
    The twins have colds.双胞胎感冒了。
    2.+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache. 
    She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚肚子痛。
    3.某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位. 
    He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。 
    4某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. 
    He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。
    5某部位+hurt(s).
    My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。
    6某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位, 
    I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。 
    7.(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位.  
    There is something wrong with my right eye..我的右眼有毛病。  
    8.其他表达方式
    She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。  
    He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。  
    She cut her finger.她割破手指了。 
    二  情态动词should的用法
    1.Should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。
     You should drink hot water with honey.你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。  
    He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。
    We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。 
    You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。
    2.Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。
     Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗? 
    Should we tell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗?
    【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:
      ①Would you like (to do) sth.?你想要/愿意(做)某事吗?
    Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗?  
    ②Shall I/we do sth  ?我/我们做„„好吗?
    Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园,好吗?
      ③Why not do sth ?为什么不„„呢?
    Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢?
    ④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样?   How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样? 
     ⑤Let’s do sth让我们做„„吧。   Let’s go home.咱们回家吧。 
     ⑥You’d better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。
    You’d better not go there alone.你最好不要一个人去那儿。

    ◆话题写作
    “四步法”写图表作文 
    ◆ 步骤一:观察数据特点
    ◆ 步骤二:分析其 中原因
    ◆ 步骤三:叙述图表内容
    ◆ 步骤四:润色定稿成文
    典 例
             曾有这样的事件:老人跌倒,路人不敢出手相助。某记者就What would you do if an old man fell down?这一问题对200名学生进行了调查。请根据下面的调查结果写一篇80词左右的英语短文。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。


    What would you do if an old man fell down?
            A reporter did a survey about “What would you do if an old man fell down?”among 200 students. Here are the results.
    ______________________________________
    ______________________________________
    The rest of the students said,“It depends on whether the old manneeds help or not.”
    范文:
    What would you do if an old man fell down?
            A reporter did a survey about “What would you do if an old man fell down?” among 200 students. Here are the results.
           25% of the students would help the old man stand up at once without thinking, because they thought it was their duty to help old people in trouble. And 40% of the students would offer help if the old man asked, and they would ask someone else to help the old man together. About 20% of the students would refuse to help the old man, because they worried that they might be regarded as the person who hurt the old man. But they would call the police. The rest of the students said, “It depends on whether the old man 
    needs help or not.” 
    名师点评:
    ◆过渡词运用恰当,使各要点之间过渡自然,定语从句、形式主语等的灵活运用,增强了文章的整体性。
    ◆本文添彩点:
    (1) 连词because, but 等的使用,使文章行文流畅,过渡自然;
    (2) fall down, refuse to do, offer help, without doing 等短语的运用,增强了语义表达的丰富性。


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