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2024届高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第二册Unit2BridgingCultures教师用书
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UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义
1．a complex system 一个复杂的系统
2．a disaster zone 灾难地带
3．financial advisor 财务顾问
4．law firm 律师事务所
5．departure time 启程时间
6．an ideal setting 理想的环境
7．the dramatic story 喜剧般的故事
8．a tremendous explosion 巨大的爆炸声
9．mature stage 成熟期
10．economic boom 经济繁荣
11．the economic outlook 经济前景
12．within the budget 在预算之内
13．the logical conclusion 合乎逻辑的结论
14．the final outcome 最终结果
二、表达词汇——在语境中活用
(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思
1．Can you recall exactly what happened? (v.记起)
2．They tried to engage him in conversation.(vt.使加入)
3．The project would give scientists new insights into what is happening to the Earth's atmosphere.(n.洞察力)
4．The government has not yet grasped the seriousness of the crisis.(vt.理解)
5．Her airfare and hotel expenses were paid by the committee.(n.费用)
6．My instinctive reaction was to deny everything.(vt.否认)
7．She's not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks.(adj.乐观的)
8．Some people do gain weight after they stop smoking.(vt.增加)
9．I sincerely hope you will soon recover.(adv.真诚地)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式
1．The basic course does not qualify you to practise as a therapist.(vt. 使具备资格)
拓展：qualified adj.有资格的；合格的；胜任的→qualification n．资格；学历
2．In my youth my ambition had been to be an inventor.(n.抱负)
拓展：ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的
3．This book is an adaptation of his novel. (n.改编本)
拓展：adapt v．(使)适应；改编
4．Ned put his arm around her, trying to comfort her.(vt. 安慰)
拓展：comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的→uncomfortable adj.(反义词)不舒服的；不舒适的
5．I seem to have involved myself in something I don't understand.(vt.使卷入)
拓展：involved adj.有关联；卷入的→involvement n．参与；加入
6．Stephen Chase had determined to live up to the expectations of the company.(n.期望)
拓展：expect vt.期待；盼望；料想→expected adj.预料的；预期的→unexpected adj.出乎意料的
7．We have had lots of applicants for these positions.(n.申请人)
拓展：apply v．申请；应用；适用→application n．申请；申请书；应用
8．They had not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations.(vt.使暴露于)
拓展：exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露
9．The farm and surrounding area were flooded.(n.周围的)
拓展：surround v．包围；环绕→surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物
10．I must admit the state of the country depresses me.(vt.使沮丧)
拓展：depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depression n．抑郁；沮丧
11．We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies. (vt.加强)
拓展：strong adj. 强壮的→strength n．体力；力气；长处
三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用
写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思
1．They expected him to participate in the ceremony.参加
2．Please speak up.We can't hear you clearly. 大声点说
3．We all side with your opinion that we should hold a spoken competition.支持
4．It took him two years to adapt to the new environment.适应
5．I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.对……做出贡献
6．We sincerely expect to communicate and cooperate with you.和……合作
7．In summary, we should take effective measures to protect the environment.总之
8．After the holiday, he quit his job and set up a company with his friends.建立
9．Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.一般来说
10．After a while we began to feel at home with each other. __B__
A．待在家里 B．舒服自在 C．相处 D．在家玩
四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
1.
教材原句
It was the first time that she had left China.[It is/was the first/second ...time (that)句型]
这是她第一次离开中国。
写作亮句
It was my first time that I had made my trip in the high-speed rail, so I was very excited.
这是我第一次乘高铁旅行，因此我非常激动。
文化典句
It was the first time that China had won the bid successfully to host the Winter Olympics.
这是中国第一次成功申办冬奥会。
2.
教材原句
“I didn't know what to expect，” Xie Lei recalled.(“疑问词＋不定式”结构)
“我不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆道。
写作亮句
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)She teaches us not only how to learn English well but also how to behave well.
她不仅教给我们如何学好英语，而且教我们如何行为得体。
3.
教材原句
“My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation，”she explained.(be to do ... 应该做……)
“我的志向是毕业后在中国创办一家企业。”她解释道。
写作亮句
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)The match is to help us communicate with our friend schools and improve our friendship.
这场比赛是为了帮助我们与友好学校沟通，增进友谊。
文化典句
Secondly, the inconvenience is not a problem if our purpose is to share Chinese culture.
其次，如果我们的目的是分享中国文化的话，这种不便利并不是问题。
4.
教材原句
A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits ...(“do＋动词原形”表示强调)
最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处……
写作亮句
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Mr Liu is a very respectable teacher! I do thank him for what he did for me.
刘老师是一个非常值得尊敬的老师！我的确感激他为我所做的一切。
五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美
人物对话描写
All of a sudden, Soapy felt a hand on his arm and saw a broad face of a policeman.“Excuse me, what are you doing here？” asked the policeman.“Nothing.” said Soapy, wind blowing his collar.“Then, come along，” said the policeman.The next morning, Soapy finally heard the words which his ears used to dream of.“Three months in Blackwell prison.” said the judge on the court.
突然，索比感觉到一只手搭在他的胳膊上，接着看到一张警察的宽脸。“打扰一下， 你在这里干什么？”警察问。“没什么。” 索比说，风吹着他的衣领。“那么，来吧，”警察说。第二天早上，索比终于听到了他耳朵里经常听见的梦话。“在布莱克威尔监狱拘押三个月。”法官在法庭上说。
[点评] 本段用到的对话契合主题，简洁有力。
1．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加
[题点全练]
写出下列各句中involve的含义
①A cross talk performance involves talking, imitating, telling jokes and singing.包含
②The job involves me travelling all over the country.需要
③There was a serious incident involving a group of youths.涉及
④Noel and I do everything together, he involves me in everything.使参加
单句语法填空/完成句子
⑤We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.
⑥The test will involve answering (answer) questions about a photograph.
⑦(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)200 students from all grades were involved in this running race.
⑧Children can benefit from being_involved_in voluntary work.孩子们能从参加志愿者工作中受益。
[系统归纳]
(1)involve doing sth. 包含/需要做某事
(2)involved adj. 有关联的；卷入
(3)be/get involved in 参加；卷入；与……有关联
2．surroundings n．[pl.] 环境；周围的事物
[题点全练](单句语法填空/句式升级)
①Schumacher adapted effortlessly to his new surroundings (surround)．
②(2019·江苏高考)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded (surround) by his family.
③The tall building is the teaching building of our school.The tall building is surrounded by a great many big trees.
→The tall building surrounded_by a great many big trees is the teaching building of our school.(用分词作定语合并句子)
→The tall building which_is_surrounded_by a great many big trees is the teaching building of our school.(用定语从句合并句子)
[系统归纳] (surroundings与environment的区别)
surroundings
专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼
environment
可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境给人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼。所以常说：美丽的surroundings，幸福的environment
3.deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He denied taking (take) money but we were sceptical.
②It can't be_denied (deny) that we need to devote more resources to this problem.
③A good education should be denied to no one.
④There_is_no_denying_that being exposed to some traditional culture is beneficial to children.
不可否认，接触一些传统文化对孩子们有好处。
[系统归纳]
(1)deny后面接动名词作宾语，不接动词不定式。
(2)后面可以加that引导的宾语从句。
(3)表示“拒绝给予”时，可接双宾语，其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。
4．speak up 大声点说；明确表态
[题点全练](完成句子)
①Please speak_up so that the people sitting at the back can hear you.
请大声点说，这样坐在后排的人才能够听见你。
②He has the courage to speak_out what he thinks right.
他敢于说出他认为正确的东西。
③Whenever I make progress, my parents always speak_highly_of me.
我一取得进步，我父母就高度表扬我。
[系统归纳]
speak out 说出
speak highly of 高度赞扬
speak ill of 说某人的坏话
speak of 讲起；说道
5．participate in 参加；参与
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.
②You should participate with your friend in his sufferings.
③As a world trade organisation, without the participation (participate) of China, WTO will find it hard to play its due role.
④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I sincerely hope that Youth can make new progress and that more_readers_will_participate_in the interaction and share their own stories.我真诚地希望Youth能取得新的进步，并且会有更多的读者参与互动，并分享他们自己的故事。
[系统归纳]
(1)participate in (doing) sth. with sb. 与某人一起参与(做)某事
participate with sb.in sth. 与某人一起分担某事
(2)participation n． 参加；参与
1．qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格
[题点全练]
单句语法填空
①There is an urgent need for qualified (qualify) teachers.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work, because I have a good command of spoken English.
③After a long academic preparation, he got the qualification (qualify) to be an agent.
④Having read the job advertisement, he wondered whether he was_qualified (qualify) to apply for it.
一句多译
在国外待了很多年，他有教英语的资格。
⑤Having stayed abroad for many years, he has_qualifications_for_teaching/to_teach English. (qualification)
⑥Having stayed abroad for many years, he is_qualified_for_teaching/to_teach English.
(qualify)
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)qualify sb.to do sth.使某人有资格做某事
qualify (sb.) for 使(某人)具备资格
(2)be qualified for (doing) sth./to do sth.
＝have qualifications for (doing) sth./to do sth. 有资格做某事
(3)qualification n. 资格；学历
易错提醒
qualify (sb.) for“使(某人)具备资格”；
qualify as意为“取得……的资格”。
[练重难点](对比填空：for/as)
⑦He qualified as a doctor last year.
⑧They qualified for the World Cup.
2．engage vi.参加；参与(活动)vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①After all, the scientist is engaged (engage) in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world.
②The program aims to encourage students to engage themselves in making a difference in society.
③Her father engaged a tutor to_improve (improve) her maths.
④(2019·北京高考)The students benefiting most from college are those who are_totally_engaged_in academic life.从大学里受益最多的是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。
⑤A good lecturer should learn some skills to engage_the_attention of audience.一个好的演讲者应该学习一些吸引听众注意力的技巧。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)engage in (使)从事；参与
engage sb.in sth.使某人加入/忙于某事
engage sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
(2)be engaged in sth. 忙于某事
be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚
易错提醒
be engaged in意为“忙于；从事于”；
be engaged to意为“与……订婚”。
[练重难点](对比填空：in/to)
⑥They are engaged in talks with the government.
⑦They announced to the present guests that they were engaged to be married.
3．expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
[题点全练]
单句语法填空
①(2021·全国乙卷)They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed (expose) to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels (分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels.
一句多译
如果你把自己暴露在阳光下太久，你的皮肤会受到伤害。
②If you expose_yourself_to the sunlight for too long, you will get your skin harmed.
③Exposing_yourself_to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.(动名词短语作主语)
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
expose ... to ...使……暴露于/遭受……
be exposed to 暴露于；接触
难点释解
expose ...to ...“使……显露/暴露于/接触到……”。及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式。(be)exposed to ...“暴露于……”。
[练重难点](完成句子)
④Parents should expose_the_kids_to as much art and culture as possible.
父母应该让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。
⑤Being_exposed_to loud music too much will harm your hearing.听太多嘈杂的音乐会伤害你的听力。
1．It is/was the first/second ...time (that)句型
[用法规则]
(1)“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second ...time (that)＋过去完成时”表示“这是第一/第二/……次做……”。
(2)“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second ...time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“这是第一/第二/……次做……”。
(3)It is/was (about/high) time (that) ...should do sth./did sth.意为“到了做某事的时间了”，相当于It is/was time for sb.to do sth.。
[应用体验](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It was the second time that he had_made (make) the same mistake.
②It is the first time that you have_attended (attend) a lecture concerning about Tang poems.
③I think it is high time that you made/should_make (make) a change.
④This is the first time that I_have_been_chosen_to_be_a_volunteer in the coming National Games.
这是我第一次被选中在即将到来的全运会上做一名志愿者。
2．“疑问词＋不定式”结构
[用法规则]
“疑问词＋不定式(短语)”的作用相当于一个名词性从句，通常在某些动词(如tell, know, imagine, learn等)后面作宾语，有时也用作主语、表语、同位语等。
[应用体验](单句语法填空)
①I hope you can give me some advice on how to_study (study) English well.
②They have traditionally used size to determine when to_step (step) in.
③When to_start (start) our school art festival has not been decided.
3．be to do
[用法规则]
be to do sth.主要用于：
(1)表示按照计划或根据安排将要做某事；
(2)表示命令、义务、职责等，可译作“应该做某事，必须做某事”；
(3)表示不可避免将要发生的事或命中注定的事；
(4)如果主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing等为中心的名词或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。
[应用体验](完成句子)
①Every member of the party was to_pay_his_own_expense.
参加晚会的所有人费用自理。
②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The objective of most speeches is to_benefit_the_audience.
大部分演讲的目标是让听众获益。
③They are to_pay_a_visit_to the teacher together at 10 a．m. tomorrow.
他们明天上午10点一起去拜访这位老师。
跨文化沟通有利于学生开阔视野，增长见识，理解不同文化之间的差异，接受新的观念和价值观的挑战，在文化交融中学会用新的眼光看待本民族的文化，从而形成更完整的人生观和世界观。高考写作命题对这一主题时有涉及，如：2021年全国甲卷书面表达，向外国朋友了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人；2019年全国卷Ⅰ书面表达，得知伦敦美术馆要举办中国画展览，写信申请做志愿者等。
STUDYING ABROAD：
IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA?
(节选自人教版教材选择性必修第二册UNIT 2)
Dear Editor，
❶Is studying abroad a good idea or not? There are certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater.❷As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard！(开门见山，亮明观点)
The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth.The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better.For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself.Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence.(出国留学的又一个好处：有利于个人成长)
Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange.Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations.International students in China also bring their colourful cultures here.Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.(出国留学的另一个好处：获得更多文化交流的机会)
Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland.China's global outlook, with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, has helped us make connections across the world.Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong cultural awareness.(使用副词therefore，使得上下文逻辑清晰，行文流畅) Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better career opportunities.(出国留学的再一个好处：提供了一个为祖国的发展做出贡献的好机会)
❸All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people's understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all.I think this life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile, and I hope my child will study abroad in the future.(总结并再次表明个人观点：出国留学好处多多，这一改变人生的经历是值得的)
Sincerely yours，
Zhang Yi (father of one boy)
由教材学写法
1．学亮点词汇
第一段中的disadvantage和advantage是正反观点型议论文的常用词。第三段中运用了动词increase, promote, cooperate描述了出国留学的好处。最后一段中的certainly鲜明地表明了作者在这一问题上毋庸置疑的态度。
2．学高级句式
句❷中as引导非限制性定语从句，强调了自己经常告诫儿子这一点。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词person，起到了强调人物特征的作用。
句❸中运用了while引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，简洁巧妙地总结了出国留学的诸多好处。
3．学修辞手法
句❶位于文章开头，疑问句的使用，可以引发读者阅读的兴趣，更好地导入下文。
4．学行文逻辑
本文写作结构为“总—分—总”。文章先提出中心论点：出国留学利大于弊，然后横向展开，对其好处进行一一论证，最后在结论部分加以归纳、总结。 此外first, another, finally, all in all等衔接词的使用使得文章结构紧凑，逻辑清晰。
Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式
1．absence of communication 缺乏交流
2．adapt/adjust/get used to ... 适应……
3．connect with 与……有联系
4．feed one's mind 充实大脑
5．be viewed as 被看作
6．exchange students 交换生
7．exchange/share ideas 交换/分享观点
8．experience diverse cultures 体验多元文化
9．in other ways 用其他方法
10．cultural diversity 文化多元化
11．cultural conflict 文化冲突
12．cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流
13．cultural traditions 文化传统
14．cultural differences 文化差异性
15．cultural globalization 文化全球化
Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底
1．With China becoming more powerful in the world, an increasing number of foreigners become interested in learning Chinese.
随着中国在世界上不断地变强大，越来越多的外国人对学习中文变得感兴趣。
2．I've actively attended English lectures, from which I have a good knowledge of British and American culture.
我积极地参加英语讲座，从中我了解到很多关于英美文化的知识。
3．I'm delighted to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student next term.
我非常高兴得知你下学期将作为交换生到我们学校学习。
4．Various celebrating activities have been held with the line of Chinese traditional festivals.
以中国传统节日为主线，举办各种庆祝活动。
一、作文提升练习
下面这篇短文讨论了“现在许多中学生庆祝外来节日”的现象。请根据上面所学，对习作进行润色、升级。
Nowadays, many middle school students like celebrating Western festivals.
❶Firstly，when we celebrate Western festivals，it gives us a great look into Western culture. At the same time, some Western festivals are quite interesting.________， there are also some weaknesses of celebrating Western festivals.For example, some students do it simply to follow the crowd and they know nothing about the history of Western festivals.
❷As far as I am concerned, our traditional festivals are the treasure of the nation. ❸We should attach more importance to them.
(一)将文中加蓝词汇升级
1．look→insight
2．weaknesses→disadvantages
(二)根据提示将文中句子升级
1．用动名词短语作主语升级句❶
Firstly, celebrating Western festivals gives us a great insight into Western culture.
2．用定语从句合并升级句❷和句❸
As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_our_traditional_festivals_are_the_treasure_of_the_nation_that_we_should_attach_more_importance_to.
(三)在文中设空处加上衔接词
However
二、续写语段思维活
阅读下面短文，根据所给提示进行续写。词数80左右。
I believe that all humans are similar but we are all blind to this idea due to cultures, religions, and appearances that all form wrong ideas separating us as humans.
I recently had the privilege to travel to Africa.This trip allowed me to see a lot more of the world than most students of my age.
On the first day I bonded with the school children.A little girl with smooth skin, shaved head, and a torn blue and green sweater walked over and hesitantly grasped my wrist.She inspected my hands and rubbed my fingernails.She let my hands drop and she looked at her own with the same attentiveness.Her eyes rose as she began to evaluate my face.Then she looked into my eyes; I looked back into hers.Immediately the school bell rang, she released a smile and ran towards her classroom.
I watched this adolescent girl as she ran carefree towards her teachers and classmates just as I did when I was in elementary school.For some reason I felt as if I had met this girl before, but I knew this was impossible.After she had inspected me, and compared herself to me ,I could not stop thinking about our interaction.I wondered why this is so emotional for me, and then I realized, to our surprise we were amazingly similar.The way this child ran, interacted with her classmates, and was so curious about me, a stranger, made me recall the experience of my own childhood.
(根据上文内容，结合所给开头语，对文章进行续写，重点描述“我”的感悟)
This was an eye-opening experience that changed the way I see people nowadays.
参考范文：
This was an eye-opening experience that changed the way I see people nowadays.What was really fascinating to me was the similarity of the people I met, and all their personalities that were like every single other person I came in contact with during my trip.I am constantly curious about how similar we all are, and I have a sense that we are all incredibly the same, but we do not see this due to cultures and religions as well as appearances that blind us from understanding my belief.
课时作业(一) 语篇阅读训练——保准度
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Amber has a degree in business management and economics.She put her skills to good use when she spent eleven months in Cambodia(柬埔寨) through World Hope International as a volunteer working with a local microfinance (小额信贷) company to help the poor get financial services.
Amber's first few weeks in Cambodia was busy and difficult as she tried to learn the language, understand the culture and get used to her new surroundings.Her volunteer service involved working with a local microfinance company.In addition to writing plans, preparing international marketing materials and building donor (捐赠人) relations, Amber met with company clients.During these visits she learned how the small loans they received transformed their lives.She learned firsthand the benefits of microfinance, which by providing farmers and smallbusiness owners with affordable working capital (such as money to buy a sewing machine) helped them to earn their way out of poverty (贫穷)．
“It never stopped amazing me when a client would show me a new home that was built because of a loan he received or the way a client's business had improved and thus allowed his children to be sent to school，” Amber said.
Amber recalled that one client called Paul walked her all around his house, pointing to what he had done with each of eight loans he'd received.He explained how every loan had improved his family's quality of life.Amber said he was one of the hardestworking men she had ever met.He had suffered greatly in the Cambodian Civil War and became disabled, but not once did he let it kill his dreams of realizing a better life for his family.His latest purchase, a sound system that he rented out for weddings and other parties doubled his income!
Amber said, “Living and working in Cambodia helped me see the world in new ways and made me aware of the hardship and suffering that many people around the world face every day.Those eleven months were some of the most meaningful months of my life.”
语篇解读：Amber作为志愿者在柬埔寨生活、工作了十一个月，并通过帮助当地人摆脱贫穷，对世界有了新的看法。
1．What's the best title for this passage?
A．World Hope International
B．Benefits of Microfinance
C．Amber's Volunteer Experience in Cambodia
D．Poverty in Developing Countries
解析：选C 标题归纳题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了Amber在柬埔寨的志愿者经历。故选C。
2．Amber's volunteer work in Cambodia included all of the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．teaching the language
B．meeting with company clients
C．writing plans
D．building donor relations
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In addition to writing plans ...company clients.”可知，B、C、D三项都是Amber的工作。根据第二段第一句可知，她本人需要克服困难学习语言，因此A项表述不符合文意。故选A。
3．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．Amber met with no difficulties after she arrived in Cambodia
B．Amber is the leader of World Hope International
C．few children go to school because there aren't enough schools in Cambodia
D．many local people in Cambodia changed their lives with the loans
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“how the small loans they received transformed their lives”和第三段内容可知，小额信贷项目让很多人受益，改变了他们的生活。故选D。
4．Which of the following statements about Paul is TRUE?
A．Each of the loans he had received helped him a lot.
B．He was poor because he didn't work as hard as others.
C．He became disabled because of a car accident.
D．He bought a sound system for his wedding.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第四段的“every loan had improved his family's quality of life”可知，每笔小额信贷都帮助他改善了他和家人的生活质量。故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
When I decided to leave my home country to pursue a degree in Canada, I hadn't expected that communication would be an issue. __5__ I took English lessons in my teens and scored well on English tests.
But soon after my arrival in Canada, I realized how wrong I was. In research discussions, surrounded by native English speakers, I had to be careful. I needed to consciously follow each conversation and translate it to my native language. __6__ Finally, I tried to find the right English words to communicate that response. Constantly thinking about what I would say next, I had a hard time remaining focused in conversations.
But when I again failed to say exactly what I meant in a meeting a few months later, a simple idea occurred to me. __7__ Communicating with my colleagues by email, I had more time to think and comfortably express my thoughts. Over time, this practice helped improve my English significantly.
__8__ I decided to remind them that English is not my first language. I asked them to speak more slowly to help me follow the discussions. It was a little awkward to draw attention to what might be seen as a weakness. And at first, the other members of the research team seemed slightly surprised. But the dynamics quickly improved. They seemed to become more aware of how they were speaking, and I felt more comfortable joining in the conversation. __9__
A．Plus, I learned to be open with my colleagues.
B．Why not contribute to the discussion in writing?
C．I had thought I could express myself in English easily.
D．Gradually, I grew uncomfortable with oral communication.
E．Then, I had to reflect carefully on it and think of a response.
F．How can one deny the significance of effective communication?
G．With efforts on both sides, we could overcome language barriers.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去加拿大留学时，语言成了一大障碍，为此作者通过书面交流和提醒同事放慢语速的方法让这一情况得到改善。
5．选C 根据空前一句和空后一句可知，作者一开始觉得自己的英语在加拿大沟通不成问题，故选C项。
6．选E 第二段介绍刚开始时如何用英语交流，E选项中的Then和空后的Finally相对应，构成递进关系，空后一句中的that response指代E项中的a response，且response为原词复现，E项中的it指代上文提到的conversation，故选E项。
7．选B 根据空前一句中的“a simple idea occurred to me”可知，本句应承接上文说明这个主意是什么，结合空后一句中的by email以及后文中的“helped improve my English significantly”可知，办法就是通过书面的形式参与讨论，故选B项。
8．选A 根据空后一句中的them 可知，设空处需要一个可数名词复数并且是指代人的词，A选项中的colleagues符合要求。故选A项。
9．选G 根据空前两句可知，和同事沟通让这一情况有所改善，同事们似乎更加意识到他们是怎么说的，作者也逐渐克服了语言障碍。G项符合语境，且G项中的both sides指代同事和作者，承接上文。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Soon after my arrival in Luanda, I realized that I was going to have some free time available. I decided to __10__ it doing something useful and involving with the __11__community.
I started my research for volunteering opportunities here and a blog post __12__ my eye. It was Ashima's post on how she started her __13__ journey in Luanda. Ashima has been volunteering at the Foundation for Art and Culture for more than a year. I decided to __14__ with them and soon after I got a very warm and welcoming response inviting me to the foundation. The next day as I __15__ into the foundation little did I know it would become such a(n) __16__ part of my life in Luanda.
I was a bit hesitant __17__ as I had never worked with children before and my Portuguese then was much __18__ than now. But as I slowly started doing some activities with children, there were not any __19__. All that you needed was a heart full of love and everyone __20__ the language of love.
I found plenty of activities to do with kids, keeping them busy and having fun. Together we played, sang, learned new things, __21__ new games and reinvented the old.
The children coming to the Foundation are wonderful, and full of __22__ and energy. It is a beautiful place with wonderful projects. Without doubt it is the best __23__ I could have found in Luanda, and I am very happy to go there as often as I can. The staff __24__ there really make you feel welcome and at home.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者利用闲暇时间在Luanda的一个基金会从事志愿者工作，这段经历成为作者在Luanda生活的一段美好回忆。
10．A.spend B．spare
C．enjoy D．kill
解析：选A 根据上文作者意识到自己有一些自由支配的时间，和下文作者寻找志愿者工作的机会可知，作者想“花费”空闲时间做一些有用的事情。spend time doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故选A。
11．A.foreign B．new
C．whole D．local
解析：选D 根据文章首句可知，作者来到Luanda后有一些闲暇时间；根据常识，作者是与“当地的”社区建立联系。故选D。
12．A.hurt B．fogged
C．caught D．escaped
解析：选C 根据下文可知，这篇博文有作者关心的内容，所以此处是指“吸引”了作者的注意。catch one's eye意为“吸引某人的注意力”，故选C。
13．A.business B．volunteering
C．sightseeing D．adventure
解析：选B 根据下文“Ashima has been volunteering ...”可知，这篇博文介绍了Ashima的志愿者工作经历。volunteering意为“志愿工作”，故选B。
14．A.get along B．catch up
C．fit in D．get in touch
解析：选D 根据上文内容可知，作者看到Ashima的博文后，也想去基金会做志愿者工作；下文的“got a very warm and welcoming response”也表明，此处应是说作者决定与工作人员取得联系。get in touch with意为“与……取得联系”，故选D。
15．A.walked B．ran
C．broke D．turned
解析：选A 根据常识，作者收到回应之后，应是“走”进基金会的。故选A。
16．A.efficient B．short
C．beautiful D．minor
解析：选C 根据下文中的描述可知，对于作者来说，这是一段美好的经历。
17．A.initially B．actually
C．recently D．eventually
解析：选A 根据下文可知，作者从来没有和孩子们一起工作过。由此可以推测，“最初”作者应是有点犹豫的。initially意为“最初”，符合语境。
18．A.slower B．easier
C．poorer D．less
解析：选C 由作者最初有些犹豫可知，作者之前的语言水平不太高。故选C。
19．A.conversations B．languages
C．barriers D．methods
解析：选C 最初作者因为语言和经验问题而有些犹豫。通过上文的But可知，上下文内容应是转折的关系，即作者很快克服了“障碍”。barrier意为“障碍”，符合语境。
20．A.spoke B．learned
C．recommended D．heard
解析：选A 根据语境及下文的“the language of love”可知，这里表达的是每个人都会讲爱的语言，language应和speak搭配。故选A。
21．A.taught B．appreciated
C．created D．bought
解析：选C and连接两个并列成分，和“reinvented the old”相对的应是created new games。故选C。
22．A.love B．view
C．surprise D．faith
解析：选A 根据第三段最后一句可知，从事志愿者工作的人们心中都是充满爱的，那么来到这里的孩子们的心中也会充满“爱”。故选A。
23．A.chance B．company
C．place D．way
解析：选C 由前句的“a beautiful place”可知，在这里作者看到的是关爱，即基金会是一个美好的“地方”，place是原词复现。故选C。
24．A.competing B．arriving
C．appearing D．working
解析：选D 空处修饰staff，根据语境可知，此处是指在那里工作的员工。故选D。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had never been more anxious in my life.I had just spent the last three endless hours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home.Now, as I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my anxiety had only just begun.
This was my first visit alone to the international terminal of the airport, and nothing was familiar.I could not make sense of any of the signs. Where was the checkin counter? Where should I take my luggage? I had no idea where to go, feeling as if I were deaf and blind and stupid. I began to panic. What time was it? Where was my plane? I had to find help because I could not be late!
I tried to ask a passing businessman for help，but my words all came out wrong.He just frowned and walked away.What had happened? I had been in this country for a whole semester, and I could not even remember how to ask for directions.This was awful! Another bus arrived at the terminal, and the passengers came out carrying all sorts of luggage.Here was my chance! I could follow them to the right place, and I would not have to say a word.
I dragged my enormous suitcase behind me and followed the group.We finally reached the elevators.Oh, no! They all fit in it，but there was not enough room for me.I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed.I was abandoned again! I had no idea what to do next.I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons.Which one could it be? I pressed button 3，because I thought I saw those passengers pressed 3, though it was no more than a quick glance.The elevator slowly climbed up to the third floor and came to a stop.A high，unpleasant noise announced the opening of the doors，and I looked around shyly.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane.
Paragraph 2：
When I turned to thank him for all his help，he was gone.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane.Just then an elderly airport employee walked towards me from the corner.He saw that I was lost and asked if he could help in any way.He gave me his handkerchief to dry my tears as I related my predicament.He smiled kindly，and patted my shoulder to ease my anxiety，before leading me down a long hallway.We walked up some stairs，turned a corner，and at last，there was the checkin counter! He led me past all the lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter.
Paragraph 2：
When I turned to thank him for all his help，he was gone.I never got an opportunity to know that kind man's name，but I would always remember his unexpected kindness.He helped me when I needed it most.Without his timely help, I would have certainly missed my plane.I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveller who is suffering through a terrible journey.
一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义
1．a complex system 一个复杂的系统
2．a disaster zone 灾难地带
3．financial advisor 财务顾问
4．law firm 律师事务所
5．departure time 启程时间
6．an ideal setting 理想的环境
7．the dramatic story 喜剧般的故事
8．a tremendous explosion 巨大的爆炸声
9．mature stage 成熟期
10．economic boom 经济繁荣
11．the economic outlook 经济前景
12．within the budget 在预算之内
13．the logical conclusion 合乎逻辑的结论
14．the final outcome 最终结果
二、表达词汇——在语境中活用
(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思
1．Can you recall exactly what happened? (v.记起)
2．They tried to engage him in conversation.(vt.使加入)
3．The project would give scientists new insights into what is happening to the Earth's atmosphere.(n.洞察力)
4．The government has not yet grasped the seriousness of the crisis.(vt.理解)
5．Her airfare and hotel expenses were paid by the committee.(n.费用)
6．My instinctive reaction was to deny everything.(vt.否认)
7．She's not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks.(adj.乐观的)
8．Some people do gain weight after they stop smoking.(vt.增加)
9．I sincerely hope you will soon recover.(adv.真诚地)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式
1．The basic course does not qualify you to practise as a therapist.(vt. 使具备资格)
拓展：qualified adj.有资格的；合格的；胜任的→qualification n．资格；学历
2．In my youth my ambition had been to be an inventor.(n.抱负)
拓展：ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的
3．This book is an adaptation of his novel. (n.改编本)
拓展：adapt v．(使)适应；改编
4．Ned put his arm around her, trying to comfort her.(vt. 安慰)
拓展：comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的→uncomfortable adj.(反义词)不舒服的；不舒适的
5．I seem to have involved myself in something I don't understand.(vt.使卷入)
拓展：involved adj.有关联；卷入的→involvement n．参与；加入
6．Stephen Chase had determined to live up to the expectations of the company.(n.期望)
拓展：expect vt.期待；盼望；料想→expected adj.预料的；预期的→unexpected adj.出乎意料的
7．We have had lots of applicants for these positions.(n.申请人)
拓展：apply v．申请；应用；适用→application n．申请；申请书；应用
8．They had not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations.(vt.使暴露于)
拓展：exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露
9．The farm and surrounding area were flooded.(n.周围的)
拓展：surround v．包围；环绕→surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物
10．I must admit the state of the country depresses me.(vt.使沮丧)
拓展：depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depression n．抑郁；沮丧
11．We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies. (vt.加强)
拓展：strong adj. 强壮的→strength n．体力；力气；长处
三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用
写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思
1．They expected him to participate in the ceremony.参加
2．Please speak up.We can't hear you clearly. 大声点说
3．We all side with your opinion that we should hold a spoken competition.支持
4．It took him two years to adapt to the new environment.适应
5．I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.对……做出贡献
6．We sincerely expect to communicate and cooperate with you.和……合作
7．In summary, we should take effective measures to protect the environment.总之
8．After the holiday, he quit his job and set up a company with his friends.建立
9．Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.一般来说
10．After a while we began to feel at home with each other. __B__
A．待在家里 B．舒服自在 C．相处 D．在家玩
四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
1.
教材原句
It was the first time that she had left China.[It is/was the first/second ...time (that)句型]
这是她第一次离开中国。
写作亮句
It was my first time that I had made my trip in the high-speed rail, so I was very excited.
这是我第一次乘高铁旅行，因此我非常激动。
文化典句
It was the first time that China had won the bid successfully to host the Winter Olympics.
这是中国第一次成功申办冬奥会。
2.
教材原句
“I didn't know what to expect，” Xie Lei recalled.(“疑问词＋不定式”结构)
“我不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆道。
写作亮句
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)She teaches us not only how to learn English well but also how to behave well.
她不仅教给我们如何学好英语，而且教我们如何行为得体。
3.
教材原句
“My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation，”she explained.(be to do ... 应该做……)
“我的志向是毕业后在中国创办一家企业。”她解释道。
写作亮句
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)The match is to help us communicate with our friend schools and improve our friendship.
这场比赛是为了帮助我们与友好学校沟通，增进友谊。
文化典句
Secondly, the inconvenience is not a problem if our purpose is to share Chinese culture.
其次，如果我们的目的是分享中国文化的话，这种不便利并不是问题。
4.
教材原句
A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits ...(“do＋动词原形”表示强调)
最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处……
写作亮句
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Mr Liu is a very respectable teacher! I do thank him for what he did for me.
刘老师是一个非常值得尊敬的老师！我的确感激他为我所做的一切。
五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美
人物对话描写
All of a sudden, Soapy felt a hand on his arm and saw a broad face of a policeman.“Excuse me, what are you doing here？” asked the policeman.“Nothing.” said Soapy, wind blowing his collar.“Then, come along，” said the policeman.The next morning, Soapy finally heard the words which his ears used to dream of.“Three months in Blackwell prison.” said the judge on the court.
突然，索比感觉到一只手搭在他的胳膊上，接着看到一张警察的宽脸。“打扰一下， 你在这里干什么？”警察问。“没什么。” 索比说，风吹着他的衣领。“那么，来吧，”警察说。第二天早上，索比终于听到了他耳朵里经常听见的梦话。“在布莱克威尔监狱拘押三个月。”法官在法庭上说。
[点评] 本段用到的对话契合主题，简洁有力。
1．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加
[题点全练]
写出下列各句中involve的含义
①A cross talk performance involves talking, imitating, telling jokes and singing.包含
②The job involves me travelling all over the country.需要
③There was a serious incident involving a group of youths.涉及
④Noel and I do everything together, he involves me in everything.使参加
单句语法填空/完成句子
⑤We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.
⑥The test will involve answering (answer) questions about a photograph.
⑦(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)200 students from all grades were involved in this running race.
⑧Children can benefit from being_involved_in voluntary work.孩子们能从参加志愿者工作中受益。
[系统归纳]
(1)involve doing sth. 包含/需要做某事
(2)involved adj. 有关联的；卷入
(3)be/get involved in 参加；卷入；与……有关联
2．surroundings n．[pl.] 环境；周围的事物
[题点全练](单句语法填空/句式升级)
①Schumacher adapted effortlessly to his new surroundings (surround)．
②(2019·江苏高考)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded (surround) by his family.
③The tall building is the teaching building of our school.The tall building is surrounded by a great many big trees.
→The tall building surrounded_by a great many big trees is the teaching building of our school.(用分词作定语合并句子)
→The tall building which_is_surrounded_by a great many big trees is the teaching building of our school.(用定语从句合并句子)
[系统归纳] (surroundings与environment的区别)
surroundings
专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼
environment
可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境给人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼。所以常说：美丽的surroundings，幸福的environment
3.deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He denied taking (take) money but we were sceptical.
②It can't be_denied (deny) that we need to devote more resources to this problem.
③A good education should be denied to no one.
④There_is_no_denying_that being exposed to some traditional culture is beneficial to children.
不可否认，接触一些传统文化对孩子们有好处。
[系统归纳]
(1)deny后面接动名词作宾语，不接动词不定式。
(2)后面可以加that引导的宾语从句。
(3)表示“拒绝给予”时，可接双宾语，其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。
4．speak up 大声点说；明确表态
[题点全练](完成句子)
①Please speak_up so that the people sitting at the back can hear you.
请大声点说，这样坐在后排的人才能够听见你。
②He has the courage to speak_out what he thinks right.
他敢于说出他认为正确的东西。
③Whenever I make progress, my parents always speak_highly_of me.
我一取得进步，我父母就高度表扬我。
[系统归纳]
speak out 说出
speak highly of 高度赞扬
speak ill of 说某人的坏话
speak of 讲起；说道
5．participate in 参加；参与
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.
②You should participate with your friend in his sufferings.
③As a world trade organisation, without the participation (participate) of China, WTO will find it hard to play its due role.
④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I sincerely hope that Youth can make new progress and that more_readers_will_participate_in the interaction and share their own stories.我真诚地希望Youth能取得新的进步，并且会有更多的读者参与互动，并分享他们自己的故事。
[系统归纳]
(1)participate in (doing) sth. with sb. 与某人一起参与(做)某事
participate with sb.in sth. 与某人一起分担某事
(2)participation n． 参加；参与
1．qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格
[题点全练]
单句语法填空
①There is an urgent need for qualified (qualify) teachers.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work, because I have a good command of spoken English.
③After a long academic preparation, he got the qualification (qualify) to be an agent.
④Having read the job advertisement, he wondered whether he was_qualified (qualify) to apply for it.
一句多译
在国外待了很多年，他有教英语的资格。
⑤Having stayed abroad for many years, he has_qualifications_for_teaching/to_teach English. (qualification)
⑥Having stayed abroad for many years, he is_qualified_for_teaching/to_teach English.
(qualify)
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)qualify sb.to do sth.使某人有资格做某事
qualify (sb.) for 使(某人)具备资格
(2)be qualified for (doing) sth./to do sth.
＝have qualifications for (doing) sth./to do sth. 有资格做某事
(3)qualification n. 资格；学历
易错提醒
qualify (sb.) for“使(某人)具备资格”；
qualify as意为“取得……的资格”。
[练重难点](对比填空：for/as)
⑦He qualified as a doctor last year.
⑧They qualified for the World Cup.
2．engage vi.参加；参与(活动)vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①After all, the scientist is engaged (engage) in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world.
②The program aims to encourage students to engage themselves in making a difference in society.
③Her father engaged a tutor to_improve (improve) her maths.
④(2019·北京高考)The students benefiting most from college are those who are_totally_engaged_in academic life.从大学里受益最多的是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。
⑤A good lecturer should learn some skills to engage_the_attention of audience.一个好的演讲者应该学习一些吸引听众注意力的技巧。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)engage in (使)从事；参与
engage sb.in sth.使某人加入/忙于某事
engage sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
(2)be engaged in sth. 忙于某事
be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚
易错提醒
be engaged in意为“忙于；从事于”；
be engaged to意为“与……订婚”。
[练重难点](对比填空：in/to)
⑥They are engaged in talks with the government.
⑦They announced to the present guests that they were engaged to be married.
3．expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
[题点全练]
单句语法填空
①(2021·全国乙卷)They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed (expose) to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels (分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels.
一句多译
如果你把自己暴露在阳光下太久，你的皮肤会受到伤害。
②If you expose_yourself_to the sunlight for too long, you will get your skin harmed.
③Exposing_yourself_to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.(动名词短语作主语)
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
expose ... to ...使……暴露于/遭受……
be exposed to 暴露于；接触
难点释解
expose ...to ...“使……显露/暴露于/接触到……”。及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式。(be)exposed to ...“暴露于……”。
[练重难点](完成句子)
④Parents should expose_the_kids_to as much art and culture as possible.
父母应该让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。
⑤Being_exposed_to loud music too much will harm your hearing.听太多嘈杂的音乐会伤害你的听力。
1．It is/was the first/second ...time (that)句型
[用法规则]
(1)“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second ...time (that)＋过去完成时”表示“这是第一/第二/……次做……”。
(2)“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second ...time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“这是第一/第二/……次做……”。
(3)It is/was (about/high) time (that) ...should do sth./did sth.意为“到了做某事的时间了”，相当于It is/was time for sb.to do sth.。
[应用体验](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It was the second time that he had_made (make) the same mistake.
②It is the first time that you have_attended (attend) a lecture concerning about Tang poems.
③I think it is high time that you made/should_make (make) a change.
④This is the first time that I_have_been_chosen_to_be_a_volunteer in the coming National Games.
这是我第一次被选中在即将到来的全运会上做一名志愿者。
2．“疑问词＋不定式”结构
[用法规则]
“疑问词＋不定式(短语)”的作用相当于一个名词性从句，通常在某些动词(如tell, know, imagine, learn等)后面作宾语，有时也用作主语、表语、同位语等。
[应用体验](单句语法填空)
①I hope you can give me some advice on how to_study (study) English well.
②They have traditionally used size to determine when to_step (step) in.
③When to_start (start) our school art festival has not been decided.
3．be to do
[用法规则]
be to do sth.主要用于：
(1)表示按照计划或根据安排将要做某事；
(2)表示命令、义务、职责等，可译作“应该做某事，必须做某事”；
(3)表示不可避免将要发生的事或命中注定的事；
(4)如果主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing等为中心的名词或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。
[应用体验](完成句子)
①Every member of the party was to_pay_his_own_expense.
参加晚会的所有人费用自理。
②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The objective of most speeches is to_benefit_the_audience.
大部分演讲的目标是让听众获益。
③They are to_pay_a_visit_to the teacher together at 10 a．m. tomorrow.
他们明天上午10点一起去拜访这位老师。
跨文化沟通有利于学生开阔视野，增长见识，理解不同文化之间的差异，接受新的观念和价值观的挑战，在文化交融中学会用新的眼光看待本民族的文化，从而形成更完整的人生观和世界观。高考写作命题对这一主题时有涉及，如：2021年全国甲卷书面表达，向外国朋友了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人；2019年全国卷Ⅰ书面表达，得知伦敦美术馆要举办中国画展览，写信申请做志愿者等。
STUDYING ABROAD：
IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA?
(节选自人教版教材选择性必修第二册UNIT 2)
Dear Editor，
❶Is studying abroad a good idea or not? There are certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater.❷As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard！(开门见山，亮明观点)
The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth.The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better.For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself.Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence.(出国留学的又一个好处：有利于个人成长)
Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange.Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations.International students in China also bring their colourful cultures here.Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.(出国留学的另一个好处：获得更多文化交流的机会)
Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland.China's global outlook, with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, has helped us make connections across the world.Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong cultural awareness.(使用副词therefore，使得上下文逻辑清晰，行文流畅) Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better career opportunities.(出国留学的再一个好处：提供了一个为祖国的发展做出贡献的好机会)
❸All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people's understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all.I think this life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile, and I hope my child will study abroad in the future.(总结并再次表明个人观点：出国留学好处多多，这一改变人生的经历是值得的)
Sincerely yours，
Zhang Yi (father of one boy)
由教材学写法
1．学亮点词汇
第一段中的disadvantage和advantage是正反观点型议论文的常用词。第三段中运用了动词increase, promote, cooperate描述了出国留学的好处。最后一段中的certainly鲜明地表明了作者在这一问题上毋庸置疑的态度。
2．学高级句式
句❷中as引导非限制性定语从句，强调了自己经常告诫儿子这一点。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词person，起到了强调人物特征的作用。
句❸中运用了while引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，简洁巧妙地总结了出国留学的诸多好处。
3．学修辞手法
句❶位于文章开头，疑问句的使用，可以引发读者阅读的兴趣，更好地导入下文。
4．学行文逻辑
本文写作结构为“总—分—总”。文章先提出中心论点：出国留学利大于弊，然后横向展开，对其好处进行一一论证，最后在结论部分加以归纳、总结。 此外first, another, finally, all in all等衔接词的使用使得文章结构紧凑，逻辑清晰。
Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式
1．absence of communication 缺乏交流
2．adapt/adjust/get used to ... 适应……
3．connect with 与……有联系
4．feed one's mind 充实大脑
5．be viewed as 被看作
6．exchange students 交换生
7．exchange/share ideas 交换/分享观点
8．experience diverse cultures 体验多元文化
9．in other ways 用其他方法
10．cultural diversity 文化多元化
11．cultural conflict 文化冲突
12．cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流
13．cultural traditions 文化传统
14．cultural differences 文化差异性
15．cultural globalization 文化全球化
Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底
1．With China becoming more powerful in the world, an increasing number of foreigners become interested in learning Chinese.
随着中国在世界上不断地变强大，越来越多的外国人对学习中文变得感兴趣。
2．I've actively attended English lectures, from which I have a good knowledge of British and American culture.
我积极地参加英语讲座，从中我了解到很多关于英美文化的知识。
3．I'm delighted to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student next term.
我非常高兴得知你下学期将作为交换生到我们学校学习。
4．Various celebrating activities have been held with the line of Chinese traditional festivals.
以中国传统节日为主线，举办各种庆祝活动。
一、作文提升练习
下面这篇短文讨论了“现在许多中学生庆祝外来节日”的现象。请根据上面所学，对习作进行润色、升级。
Nowadays, many middle school students like celebrating Western festivals.
❶Firstly，when we celebrate Western festivals，it gives us a great look into Western culture. At the same time, some Western festivals are quite interesting.________， there are also some weaknesses of celebrating Western festivals.For example, some students do it simply to follow the crowd and they know nothing about the history of Western festivals.
❷As far as I am concerned, our traditional festivals are the treasure of the nation. ❸We should attach more importance to them.
(一)将文中加蓝词汇升级
1．look→insight
2．weaknesses→disadvantages
(二)根据提示将文中句子升级
1．用动名词短语作主语升级句❶
Firstly, celebrating Western festivals gives us a great insight into Western culture.
2．用定语从句合并升级句❷和句❸
As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_our_traditional_festivals_are_the_treasure_of_the_nation_that_we_should_attach_more_importance_to.
(三)在文中设空处加上衔接词
However
二、续写语段思维活
阅读下面短文，根据所给提示进行续写。词数80左右。
I believe that all humans are similar but we are all blind to this idea due to cultures, religions, and appearances that all form wrong ideas separating us as humans.
I recently had the privilege to travel to Africa.This trip allowed me to see a lot more of the world than most students of my age.
On the first day I bonded with the school children.A little girl with smooth skin, shaved head, and a torn blue and green sweater walked over and hesitantly grasped my wrist.She inspected my hands and rubbed my fingernails.She let my hands drop and she looked at her own with the same attentiveness.Her eyes rose as she began to evaluate my face.Then she looked into my eyes; I looked back into hers.Immediately the school bell rang, she released a smile and ran towards her classroom.
I watched this adolescent girl as she ran carefree towards her teachers and classmates just as I did when I was in elementary school.For some reason I felt as if I had met this girl before, but I knew this was impossible.After she had inspected me, and compared herself to me ,I could not stop thinking about our interaction.I wondered why this is so emotional for me, and then I realized, to our surprise we were amazingly similar.The way this child ran, interacted with her classmates, and was so curious about me, a stranger, made me recall the experience of my own childhood.
(根据上文内容，结合所给开头语，对文章进行续写，重点描述“我”的感悟)
This was an eye-opening experience that changed the way I see people nowadays.
参考范文：
This was an eye-opening experience that changed the way I see people nowadays.What was really fascinating to me was the similarity of the people I met, and all their personalities that were like every single other person I came in contact with during my trip.I am constantly curious about how similar we all are, and I have a sense that we are all incredibly the same, but we do not see this due to cultures and religions as well as appearances that blind us from understanding my belief.
课时作业(一) 语篇阅读训练——保准度
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Amber has a degree in business management and economics.She put her skills to good use when she spent eleven months in Cambodia(柬埔寨) through World Hope International as a volunteer working with a local microfinance (小额信贷) company to help the poor get financial services.
Amber's first few weeks in Cambodia was busy and difficult as she tried to learn the language, understand the culture and get used to her new surroundings.Her volunteer service involved working with a local microfinance company.In addition to writing plans, preparing international marketing materials and building donor (捐赠人) relations, Amber met with company clients.During these visits she learned how the small loans they received transformed their lives.She learned firsthand the benefits of microfinance, which by providing farmers and smallbusiness owners with affordable working capital (such as money to buy a sewing machine) helped them to earn their way out of poverty (贫穷)．
“It never stopped amazing me when a client would show me a new home that was built because of a loan he received or the way a client's business had improved and thus allowed his children to be sent to school，” Amber said.
Amber recalled that one client called Paul walked her all around his house, pointing to what he had done with each of eight loans he'd received.He explained how every loan had improved his family's quality of life.Amber said he was one of the hardestworking men she had ever met.He had suffered greatly in the Cambodian Civil War and became disabled, but not once did he let it kill his dreams of realizing a better life for his family.His latest purchase, a sound system that he rented out for weddings and other parties doubled his income!
Amber said, “Living and working in Cambodia helped me see the world in new ways and made me aware of the hardship and suffering that many people around the world face every day.Those eleven months were some of the most meaningful months of my life.”
语篇解读：Amber作为志愿者在柬埔寨生活、工作了十一个月，并通过帮助当地人摆脱贫穷，对世界有了新的看法。
1．What's the best title for this passage?
A．World Hope International
B．Benefits of Microfinance
C．Amber's Volunteer Experience in Cambodia
D．Poverty in Developing Countries
解析：选C 标题归纳题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了Amber在柬埔寨的志愿者经历。故选C。
2．Amber's volunteer work in Cambodia included all of the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．teaching the language
B．meeting with company clients
C．writing plans
D．building donor relations
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In addition to writing plans ...company clients.”可知，B、C、D三项都是Amber的工作。根据第二段第一句可知，她本人需要克服困难学习语言，因此A项表述不符合文意。故选A。
3．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．Amber met with no difficulties after she arrived in Cambodia
B．Amber is the leader of World Hope International
C．few children go to school because there aren't enough schools in Cambodia
D．many local people in Cambodia changed their lives with the loans
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“how the small loans they received transformed their lives”和第三段内容可知，小额信贷项目让很多人受益，改变了他们的生活。故选D。
4．Which of the following statements about Paul is TRUE?
A．Each of the loans he had received helped him a lot.
B．He was poor because he didn't work as hard as others.
C．He became disabled because of a car accident.
D．He bought a sound system for his wedding.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第四段的“every loan had improved his family's quality of life”可知，每笔小额信贷都帮助他改善了他和家人的生活质量。故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
When I decided to leave my home country to pursue a degree in Canada, I hadn't expected that communication would be an issue. __5__ I took English lessons in my teens and scored well on English tests.
But soon after my arrival in Canada, I realized how wrong I was. In research discussions, surrounded by native English speakers, I had to be careful. I needed to consciously follow each conversation and translate it to my native language. __6__ Finally, I tried to find the right English words to communicate that response. Constantly thinking about what I would say next, I had a hard time remaining focused in conversations.
But when I again failed to say exactly what I meant in a meeting a few months later, a simple idea occurred to me. __7__ Communicating with my colleagues by email, I had more time to think and comfortably express my thoughts. Over time, this practice helped improve my English significantly.
__8__ I decided to remind them that English is not my first language. I asked them to speak more slowly to help me follow the discussions. It was a little awkward to draw attention to what might be seen as a weakness. And at first, the other members of the research team seemed slightly surprised. But the dynamics quickly improved. They seemed to become more aware of how they were speaking, and I felt more comfortable joining in the conversation. __9__
A．Plus, I learned to be open with my colleagues.
B．Why not contribute to the discussion in writing?
C．I had thought I could express myself in English easily.
D．Gradually, I grew uncomfortable with oral communication.
E．Then, I had to reflect carefully on it and think of a response.
F．How can one deny the significance of effective communication?
G．With efforts on both sides, we could overcome language barriers.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去加拿大留学时，语言成了一大障碍，为此作者通过书面交流和提醒同事放慢语速的方法让这一情况得到改善。
5．选C 根据空前一句和空后一句可知，作者一开始觉得自己的英语在加拿大沟通不成问题，故选C项。
6．选E 第二段介绍刚开始时如何用英语交流，E选项中的Then和空后的Finally相对应，构成递进关系，空后一句中的that response指代E项中的a response，且response为原词复现，E项中的it指代上文提到的conversation，故选E项。
7．选B 根据空前一句中的“a simple idea occurred to me”可知，本句应承接上文说明这个主意是什么，结合空后一句中的by email以及后文中的“helped improve my English significantly”可知，办法就是通过书面的形式参与讨论，故选B项。
8．选A 根据空后一句中的them 可知，设空处需要一个可数名词复数并且是指代人的词，A选项中的colleagues符合要求。故选A项。
9．选G 根据空前两句可知，和同事沟通让这一情况有所改善，同事们似乎更加意识到他们是怎么说的，作者也逐渐克服了语言障碍。G项符合语境，且G项中的both sides指代同事和作者，承接上文。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Soon after my arrival in Luanda, I realized that I was going to have some free time available. I decided to __10__ it doing something useful and involving with the __11__community.
I started my research for volunteering opportunities here and a blog post __12__ my eye. It was Ashima's post on how she started her __13__ journey in Luanda. Ashima has been volunteering at the Foundation for Art and Culture for more than a year. I decided to __14__ with them and soon after I got a very warm and welcoming response inviting me to the foundation. The next day as I __15__ into the foundation little did I know it would become such a(n) __16__ part of my life in Luanda.
I was a bit hesitant __17__ as I had never worked with children before and my Portuguese then was much __18__ than now. But as I slowly started doing some activities with children, there were not any __19__. All that you needed was a heart full of love and everyone __20__ the language of love.
I found plenty of activities to do with kids, keeping them busy and having fun. Together we played, sang, learned new things, __21__ new games and reinvented the old.
The children coming to the Foundation are wonderful, and full of __22__ and energy. It is a beautiful place with wonderful projects. Without doubt it is the best __23__ I could have found in Luanda, and I am very happy to go there as often as I can. The staff __24__ there really make you feel welcome and at home.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者利用闲暇时间在Luanda的一个基金会从事志愿者工作，这段经历成为作者在Luanda生活的一段美好回忆。
10．A.spend B．spare
C．enjoy D．kill
解析：选A 根据上文作者意识到自己有一些自由支配的时间，和下文作者寻找志愿者工作的机会可知，作者想“花费”空闲时间做一些有用的事情。spend time doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故选A。
11．A.foreign B．new
C．whole D．local
解析：选D 根据文章首句可知，作者来到Luanda后有一些闲暇时间；根据常识，作者是与“当地的”社区建立联系。故选D。
12．A.hurt B．fogged
C．caught D．escaped
解析：选C 根据下文可知，这篇博文有作者关心的内容，所以此处是指“吸引”了作者的注意。catch one's eye意为“吸引某人的注意力”，故选C。
13．A.business B．volunteering
C．sightseeing D．adventure
解析：选B 根据下文“Ashima has been volunteering ...”可知，这篇博文介绍了Ashima的志愿者工作经历。volunteering意为“志愿工作”，故选B。
14．A.get along B．catch up
C．fit in D．get in touch
解析：选D 根据上文内容可知，作者看到Ashima的博文后，也想去基金会做志愿者工作；下文的“got a very warm and welcoming response”也表明，此处应是说作者决定与工作人员取得联系。get in touch with意为“与……取得联系”，故选D。
15．A.walked B．ran
C．broke D．turned
解析：选A 根据常识，作者收到回应之后，应是“走”进基金会的。故选A。
16．A.efficient B．short
C．beautiful D．minor
解析：选C 根据下文中的描述可知，对于作者来说，这是一段美好的经历。
17．A.initially B．actually
C．recently D．eventually
解析：选A 根据下文可知，作者从来没有和孩子们一起工作过。由此可以推测，“最初”作者应是有点犹豫的。initially意为“最初”，符合语境。
18．A.slower B．easier
C．poorer D．less
解析：选C 由作者最初有些犹豫可知，作者之前的语言水平不太高。故选C。
19．A.conversations B．languages
C．barriers D．methods
解析：选C 最初作者因为语言和经验问题而有些犹豫。通过上文的But可知，上下文内容应是转折的关系，即作者很快克服了“障碍”。barrier意为“障碍”，符合语境。
20．A.spoke B．learned
C．recommended D．heard
解析：选A 根据语境及下文的“the language of love”可知，这里表达的是每个人都会讲爱的语言，language应和speak搭配。故选A。
21．A.taught B．appreciated
C．created D．bought
解析：选C and连接两个并列成分，和“reinvented the old”相对的应是created new games。故选C。
22．A.love B．view
C．surprise D．faith
解析：选A 根据第三段最后一句可知，从事志愿者工作的人们心中都是充满爱的，那么来到这里的孩子们的心中也会充满“爱”。故选A。
23．A.chance B．company
C．place D．way
解析：选C 由前句的“a beautiful place”可知，在这里作者看到的是关爱，即基金会是一个美好的“地方”，place是原词复现。故选C。
24．A.competing B．arriving
C．appearing D．working
解析：选D 空处修饰staff，根据语境可知，此处是指在那里工作的员工。故选D。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had never been more anxious in my life.I had just spent the last three endless hours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home.Now, as I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my anxiety had only just begun.
This was my first visit alone to the international terminal of the airport, and nothing was familiar.I could not make sense of any of the signs. Where was the checkin counter? Where should I take my luggage? I had no idea where to go, feeling as if I were deaf and blind and stupid. I began to panic. What time was it? Where was my plane? I had to find help because I could not be late!
I tried to ask a passing businessman for help，but my words all came out wrong.He just frowned and walked away.What had happened? I had been in this country for a whole semester, and I could not even remember how to ask for directions.This was awful! Another bus arrived at the terminal, and the passengers came out carrying all sorts of luggage.Here was my chance! I could follow them to the right place, and I would not have to say a word.
I dragged my enormous suitcase behind me and followed the group.We finally reached the elevators.Oh, no! They all fit in it，but there was not enough room for me.I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed.I was abandoned again! I had no idea what to do next.I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons.Which one could it be? I pressed button 3，because I thought I saw those passengers pressed 3, though it was no more than a quick glance.The elevator slowly climbed up to the third floor and came to a stop.A high，unpleasant noise announced the opening of the doors，and I looked around shyly.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane.
Paragraph 2：
When I turned to thank him for all his help，he was gone.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane.Just then an elderly airport employee walked towards me from the corner.He saw that I was lost and asked if he could help in any way.He gave me his handkerchief to dry my tears as I related my predicament.He smiled kindly，and patted my shoulder to ease my anxiety，before leading me down a long hallway.We walked up some stairs，turned a corner，and at last，there was the checkin counter! He led me past all the lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter.
Paragraph 2：
When I turned to thank him for all his help，he was gone.I never got an opportunity to know that kind man's name，but I would always remember his unexpected kindness.He helped me when I needed it most.Without his timely help, I would have certainly missed my plane.I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveller who is suffering through a terrible journey.
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