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2024届高考英语一轮总复习必修第二册Unit1CulturalHeritage教师用书
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UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义
1．preserve national heritage 保护民族遗产
2．an obvious contrast 明显的对比
3．download files 下载文件
4．an exit of the preserve 保护区的出口
5．hold a parade 举行游行
6．quote a famous saying 引用一句名言
7．a protest march 抗议游行
8．a long overseas trip 长途海外旅行
二、表达词汇——在语境中活用
(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思
1．At the beginning, learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to give up without even attempting it.(vt.尝试)
2．As print and broadcast give way to the Digital Age，the media are changing greatly.(adj.数码的)
3．This signalled one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future.(vt.建立)
4．You will regret forever if you lose this golden chance.(adv.永远)
5．Forgive me for asking, but can you tell me more about Red Square？(vt.原谅)
6．He told two stories.The former was interesting while the latter was boring.(adj.前者的)
7．Thinking further, she decided it would be a way to show her ecofriendly lifestyle.(adv.进一步)
8．It is quite difficult to identify the truth of information.(vt.确认)
9．The image of a dragon is familiar to most Chinese people but none have seen a real one.(n.形象)
10．Those not blindly listening to other's criticism or praise are more likely to obtain what they are pursuing.(adj.可能的)
11．Opinions are divided on the question.(n.意见)
12．Technology should serve only as means to this purpose, and should be prevented from ruling man.(vt.阻止)
13．Reading Jane Eyre is a process full of pleasure and motivation.(n.过程)
14．There was a time when the air quality went from bad to worse because of the serious pollution.(n.质量)
15．The Nile Valley keeps a temperate climate throughout the year.(prep.遍及)
16．We competitors are required to recite an English poem within 3 minutes. (prep.在(某段时间)之内)
17．It's really worthwhile to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying.(adj.值得做的)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式
1．Adding Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is a big step to promote traditional art.(vt.促进)
拓展：promotion n．提升；促销活动；晋级
2．The students put forward new proposals on the running of the college to the College Education Committee.(n.提议)
拓展：propose vt.提议；建议
3．Drivers are supposed to limit the speed in neighbourhoods because children may be playing there. (vt.限制)
拓展：limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless adj.无限制的；无止境的
4．It is actually lack of trust that is to blame for the loss of friendship.(n.丧失)
拓展： lose vt.丢失→lost adj.迷路的；失去的
5．As the patient's life hung in the balance，many volunteers offered to donate blood.(vt.捐献)
拓展：donation n．捐赠；赠送→donor n．捐赠者；捐赠机构
6．I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround yourself with creative people.( adj.有创造力的)
拓展：create vt.创造→creation n．创造；创作→creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地
7．The application must be made within twentyfour hours, or it will not be attended to.(n.申请)
拓展：apply v．申请→applicant n．申请人
8．The problem should be handled very carefully to balance the needs of people with those of nature.(vt.使平衡)
拓展：balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的
9．The Nobel Prize is awarded to those who make great contributions in different fields every year.(n.贡献)
拓展：contribute v．捐献；捐助
10．He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society.(vt.调查)
拓展：investigation n．调查
11．Social and cultural activities for senior citizens have been conducted over the past several years.(vt.组织)
拓展：conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥
12．A lighthouse marks the entrance to the harbour.(n.入口)
拓展：enter vt.进入
13．In comparison with Western painting, Chinese painting has its own artistic characteristics.(n.比较)
拓展：compare vt.比较
三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用
写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思
1．If you are not strong enough, please don't take part in such an activity.参加
2．Try to keep a balance between your spending and your earnings.保持平衡
3．I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.阻止
4．Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.向……捐赠……
5．To receive your purchases in time, make sure the express company knows your address exactly.确保
6．First performed in 1926, the opera Turandot still attracts audience from all over the world.在世界各地
7．As she saw my face, her happiness gave way to curiosity.让步
8．The committee made a proposal to reduce the time limit.提出建议
9．You seem to be familiar with the town.熟悉
10．Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.A
A．向……求助 B．翻到 C．查阅
四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
1.
教材原句
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(when引导定语从句)
新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
写作亮句
(2019·浙江高考写作)I can well remember there was a time when I had difficulty in learning English.
我清楚地记得有一段时间我学英语有困难。
2.
教材原句
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(not only ...but also ...)
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
写作亮句
(2021·浙江6月高考写作)Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures, but also enable you to understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better.
通过这次展览，你不仅能欣赏精彩的画作，还能更好地了解传统国画艺术。
文化典句
The dinner on New Year's Eve will be the best dinner, not only because we have various dishes, but it's also on the day we can meet all our family members.
除夕之夜的晚餐将是最好的晚餐，不仅因为有各种各样的美味佳肴，而且在这一天我们可以见到所有的家人。
3.
教材原句
This makes it an important cultural heritage site not just for China, but for all people around the world.(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
这使得它不仅是中国的重要文化遗产，也是全世界人民的重要文化遗产。
写作亮句
(2021·浙江1月高考写作)It turned out that people liked and forwarded it crazily on the Internet, making me an Internet celebrity.
结果，人们点赞并疯狂地在网络上转发，让我成为网络名人。
五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美
动作描写之动“手”
Suddenly I felt a hand on my arm and then another on my face.I tried reaching for my box of matches, and grabbed it just in time, for someone was trying to take them out of my pocket.From every direction came these disgusting creatures, pulling at my hair and my clothing.Because I could not get hold of the matches firmly, I shouted as loud as I could.
突然，我感到一只手放在我的胳膊上，然后又一只手放在我的脸上。我试着伸手去拿我的火柴盒，及时抓住了它，因为有人想把它们从我的口袋里拿出来。这些可恶的生物从四面八方来，拉着我的头发和衣服。因为我不能牢牢抓住火柴，所以我竭尽全力大声叫喊。
[点评] 本段使用了feel a hand on my arm, another on my face, reach for, grab, take them out of my pocket, pull at, get hold of等和“手”有关的动作，具体生动地描写了一个紧张害怕的画面。
1．preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①With the limited natural resources, we should take action to preserve them from/against being wasted.
②Wellpreserved_in_the_nature_preserve,_pandas live a happy life.
熊猫在自然保护区受到很好的保护，过着快乐的生活。
[系统归纳]
(1)preserve ...from/against ... 保护……免受……
be wellpreserved 保存良好的；受到很好保护的
(2)a nature preserve 自然保护区
2．balance n．平衡；均匀；余额 vt.使平衡
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/写出加蓝词的含义
①Keeping balance between progress and the preservation of cultural relics can be a big challenge.
②Before making the final decision，you'd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
③You'd better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
④I must check my bank balance before I decide to buy the car.余额
[系统归纳]
(1)keep balance (between ...and ...) (在……之间)保持平衡
(2)balance ...against ... 权衡……与……
(3)keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
3．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.
②To save the expense, the number of daily guests is_limited (limit) to less than 100.
③There_is_a_limit_to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day.
你一天内能吃多少新鲜水果是有限制的。
[系统归纳]
(1)limit ...to ... 把……限制在……内
(2)be limited to 被限制在……
(3)there is a/no limit to 对……有限制/无限制
set a limit to sth. 对……设定限度
注意：上述搭配中to均为介词，后跟名词或v.ing形式作宾语。
4．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
[题点全练](单句语法填空/句型转换)
①The bad cold prevented Alice from taking (take) part in sports.
②Alice_was_prevented_from_taking_part_in_sports because of the bad cold.(用被动语态改写①句)
[系统归纳]
protect ...from/against (doing) ...保护……免受……
注意：prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.中from可以省略，但在被动结构中，from不可省略；keep sb.from doing sth.中，from在主动语态和被动语态中都不能省略。
5．contribute vi.&vt.捐献；捐助
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/写出加黑词汇的含义
①As far as I'm concerned, there is nothing better than playing volleyball, which contributes_to our cooperating with others.
②(2020· 天津7月高考书面表达)And I will also try my best to make a contribution to the society.I firmly believe that a bright future is waiting for us.
③If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.投稿
[系统归纳]
(1)contribute sth.to ... 把某物捐献给……；投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿
(2)make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献
注意：以上短语中的to都是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。
6.forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅；免除
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/翻译句子/写出加黑词在语境中的含义
①Forgive my interrupting (interrupt) but I really don't know where to put the mirror.
②Although Chinese family will forgive you for your being late, I suggest you should arrive on time.
③请原谅我的过错。
Please_forgive_me_my_fault.
④Believe it or not, I'll forgive you the debt.免除
[系统归纳]
forgive sb.sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事
forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事
7．take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
[题点全练](完成句子/句式升级)
①Any student who is interested in this activity is_welcome_to_take_part.
欢迎任何对这项活动有兴趣的同学参加。
②We take_part_in_all_kinds_of_activities in our school.
我们参加学校的各种活动。
③We_take_an_active_part_in_all_kinds_of_activities_in_our_school.(在②句中part前面加入修饰成分)
[系统归纳]
(1)take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词a或an。
(2)在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
(3)participate in 参加，参与
play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
1．likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地
[题点全练](完成句子)
①(2020·天津7月高考书面表达)As you are growing up, you_are_likely_to_meet some difficult problems.
在你成长的过程中，你可能会遇到一些难题。
②It_is_likely_that you make your friends feel embarrassed if you don't know Chinese table manners.
如果你不了解中国的餐桌礼仪，很可能会让你的朋友感到尴尬。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
sb./sth.be likely to do sth.某人/某物很可能做某事
it's likely that ... 很可能……
辨析比较
(1)likely常用于“it is likely that ...”和“sb./sth.be likely to do sth.”句型中；
(2)possible常用于“it is possible (for sb.) to do sth.”和“it is possible that ...”句型中；
(3)probable常用于“it is probable that ...”句型中。
[练重难点]
选词填空(probable/likely/possible)
③Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a musician in the future.
④It is possible for them to win the match, for they have talented players.
2．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
[题点全练](单句语法填空)
①Jim had prepared carefully for his driving test so that he could be sure of passing it at the first attempt.
②We made an attempt to make out the way back home in the darkness, but in vain.
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
(2)attempt to do sth. 努力做某事；试图做某事
辨析比较
attempt to do sth.和try/seek to do sth.一样，强调的是努力做某事的过程，不一定成功；而manage to do sth.则表示“设法做成某事”，强调结果。
[练重难点]
选词填空(attempt to/manage to)
③He attempted_to get in touch with them but without success.
④(2021·浙江1月高考写作)Finally I managed_to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle.
3．worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
[题点全练](完成句子)
①It's_worthwhile_reading/to_read literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.
读文学书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们对社会和生活了解更多。
[进阶学习]
系统
归纳
值得做某事
难点
释解
(3)worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
[练重难点]
选词填空(worthy/worth/worthwhile)
②This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated.So I feel that all your effort isn't worthwhile.
一句多译
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
③The reference book is_worth_buying,_because it is a great help for your study.(worth)
④The reference book is_worthy_to_be_bought/of_being_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy)
4．turn to向……求助
[题点全练]
用turn短语的适当形式填空/完成句子
①Tom had to turn_down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
②Let's not wait any longer; he might not turn_up at all.
③What he said at the meeting turned_out to be reasonable.
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Whenever I have difficulties in my English study, she is the one that I_will_turn_to_first.
每当我在英语学习中遇到困难时，她是我第一个求助的人。
[进阶学习]
系统
归纳
turn down 关小(声音等)；拒绝
turn up 出现；露面；调高(音量等)
turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产
难点
释解
turn to除了“向……求助”的意义之外，还常常有“转向；致力于；从事于；翻到；查阅”等意思。
[练重难点]
写出下列句中turn to的含义
⑤If you turn to Page 40, you will find it.翻到
⑥More and more people turn to computer science.从事于
⑦Their talk turned to the change that had happened.转向
⑧You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅
1．when引导定语从句
[用法规则]
与time有关的其他常用句式：
(1)It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋过去完成时这/那是第一/二/……次……
(2)It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time (that)＋现在完成时这/那是第一/二/……次……
(3)There was a time when ... 曾有一段……的时期
(4)the last/first time＋从句 上次/第一次……
(5)It's high time that ...did/should do sth. 该是做……的时候了
[应用体验](完成句子)
①There_came_a_time_when I should make a choice.
接下来是我应当做出选择的时候了。
②There_was_a_time_when he was disappointed and wanted to leave here.
曾有一段时期他很沮丧，想离开这里。
③I think it is high time that you made/should_make_up_your_mind.
我认为该是你做决定的时候了。
2．not only ...but also ...
[用法规则]
(1)not only ...but also ...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)not only ...but also ...连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时， not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)not only ...but also ...连接的两个并列成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。
[应用体验](单句语法填空/句式升级)
①Not only the students but also their teacher likes (like) playing football.
②Not only did (do) we forget to turn off the lights in the kitchen, but we (also) failed to lock the front door.
③As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our studying career but also enrich our everyday life.
→As we all know, not_only_can_reading_classics_improve_our_studying_career but also enrich our everyday life.(倒装句)
了解中外文化遗产的历史与现状、所面临的问题，以及相应的解决方法，可以培养学生传承和保护物质与非物质文化遗产的意识，使其重视文化遗产保护与社会经济发展的平衡与协调关系。高考命题对这一主题也常有涉及，如2018年北京高考书面表达讲述带领外国学生体验中国茶文化的全过程；2017年全国卷Ⅱ书面表达写信邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸艺术展。
FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS
(节选自人教版教材必修第二册UNIT 1)
Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society.❶There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.(第一段总述了问题的普遍性)
Big challenges，however, can sometimes lead to great solutions.(用however自然转到了下文叙述阿斯旺大坝建设过程中的成功做法) In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area.But the proposal led to protests.Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage.(从经济利益和可能带来的问题两个方面说明了大坝建设面临的挑战)After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
...(中间省略的两段介绍了在联合国成立的专门委员会的主导下，世界各地的政府机构和环保主义者齐心协力，采取了一系列措施来应对这一挑战)
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success.❷ Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(阿斯旺大坝建设获得了巨大成功)
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.❸Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.(总结阿斯旺大坝建设的经验)
由教材学写法
1．学亮点词汇
第一段中的give way to形象写出了新旧交替之际，旧退新进的局面。第二段中的proposal与protest对比呼应，既简明准确地表达了“该提案引发了抗议”的意思，又体现了语言上的韵律美；此外，选文中的challenge，balance和path等词则准确传达了当时面临的困难，寻求方法的目的和探索的过程。
2．学高级句式
句❶是一个并列复合句。句中用关系副词when引导的定语从句描述了这个时代的特征；and后第二分句中的主句采用了it作形式主语的句式，客观地指出了在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。句子虽长，但衔接自然，表达清晰。
句❷是一个not only ...but also ...连接的并列复合句。作者巧妙运用了not only ...but also ...并列结构，指出问题得到了很好解决——这些国家不但找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作共创美好未来的可能性。
句❸是一个主从复合句，运用which引导的非限制性定语从句补充说明了联合国教科文组织开展了一项防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的计划。
3．学选材立意
本文主要讲述了埃及在修建阿斯旺大坝和保护物质文化遗产方面遇到挑战时，是如何成功应对的。文章先是指出当今时代发展经济与文化遗址保护之间寻找并保持适当的平衡是一个巨大的挑战，然后通过叙述埃及修建阿斯旺大坝时保护物质文化遗产的方法，得出了多个国家合作可以共创美好未来的结论。激发学生面对挑战时应积极思考解决方法的意识，并有助于培养其国际视野和社会责任意识。
4．学行文逻辑
本文写作结构为“总—分—总”。文章脉络为：提出问题→解决过程→得出结论。其中讲述解决问题的过程时以时间为线索，条理清晰而又巧妙地将空间、人物、事件等要素组合在了一起。
Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式
1．apart from 除……之外
2．agree on 对……取得一致意见
3．be added to 被加入
4．cultural heritage 文化遗产
5．care about 关心
6．shoulder the responsibility of 肩负起……的责任
7．traditional crafts 传统工艺品
8．be listed in 被列入
9．link ...to/with 把……连接/联系起来
10．world heritage sites 世界遗产地
11．give way to 给……让路；为……所替代
12．take down 写下；拿下；拆掉
13．keep balance 保持平衡
14．a part of the tradition 传统的一个组成部分
15．local culture 本土文化
16．reflect on 反思；思考
Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底
1．Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.
建于16世纪，这座城堡见证了太多的历史沉浮。
2．Wellknown for its extraordinary quality, beautiful design and brilliant colour, Chinese silk has been regarded as a symbol of Chinese culture.
中国丝绸因品质卓越、设计美观和色彩亮丽而出名，被认为是中国文化的象征。
3．Cultural heritage is a symbol of splendid ancient civilisation and protecting it can make us feel proud of our nation.
文化遗产是辉煌的古代文明的象征，保护文化遗产能让我们为我们的国家感到自豪。
4．It is believed that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found.
人们认为这是至今所发现的最早也是最大的古代造纸作坊遗址。
5．It's our duty to take more effective steps to better protect our cultural heritage.
采取更加有效的措施，更好地保护我们的文化遗产是我们的责任。
一、作文补写表达亮
下面是一篇对校篆刻艺术展的报道，请根据提示，运用上面所学，将文章补充完整。
A Seal Cutting Art Exhibition
❶In_order_to_inherit_intangible_cultural_heritage (为了传承非物质文化遗产；用非谓语动词表示目的), a seal cutting art exhibition ❷was_held_in_our_school_library_last_Sunday (上周日在我们学校图书馆举办；用被动语态)．Many students participated in it.
During the exhibition, various kinds of Chinese characters，❸which_were_carved_into_small_squares_of_stone_and_stamped_onto_the_paper_with_ink (它们被雕刻成小方块的石头，然后用墨水印在纸上；用which引导的非限制性定语从句), were on show.What's more, ❹opportunities_were_provided (提供了机会；用provide的被动语态) for students to learn basic seal cutting.
❺Thanks_to_this_rewarding_activity (由于这次有意义的活动；thanks to), we students were aware of ❻the_responsibilities_we_shouldered (我们肩负的责任) to inherit intangible cultural heritage.
二、看图写作善联想
根据以下图片展开合理想象，写一段80词左右的短文，介绍世界文化遗产龙门石窟(The Longmen Grottoes)。
The_Longmen_Grottoes_stand_on_the_banks_of_the_Yi_River,_south_of_Luoyang,_Henan_Province.The_carving_project_began_in_the_Northern_Wei_Dynasty_and_lasted_for_more_than_1,400_years_until_the_Qing_Dynasty.It_is_said_that_a_fish_leaping_over_the_dragon_gate_took_place_here.The_grottoes_are_an_important_part_of_ancient_Chinese_sculptures,_and_show_the_great_changes_in_politics,_economy,_religion,_culture_and_so_on_in_ancient_China.
课时作业(一) 语篇阅读训练——保准度
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了考古学家在南美的安第斯山脉中发现了一座有着9 000年历史的女性狩猎者的墓葬，推翻了传统的“男士打猎，女人采集”的劳动分工观念。
一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义
1．preserve national heritage 保护民族遗产
2．an obvious contrast 明显的对比
3．download files 下载文件
4．an exit of the preserve 保护区的出口
5．hold a parade 举行游行
6．quote a famous saying 引用一句名言
7．a protest march 抗议游行
8．a long overseas trip 长途海外旅行
二、表达词汇——在语境中活用
(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思
1．At the beginning, learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to give up without even attempting it.(vt.尝试)
2．As print and broadcast give way to the Digital Age，the media are changing greatly.(adj.数码的)
3．This signalled one step further in China's plan to establish a space station in the future.(vt.建立)
4．You will regret forever if you lose this golden chance.(adv.永远)
5．Forgive me for asking, but can you tell me more about Red Square？(vt.原谅)
6．He told two stories.The former was interesting while the latter was boring.(adj.前者的)
7．Thinking further, she decided it would be a way to show her ecofriendly lifestyle.(adv.进一步)
8．It is quite difficult to identify the truth of information.(vt.确认)
9．The image of a dragon is familiar to most Chinese people but none have seen a real one.(n.形象)
10．Those not blindly listening to other's criticism or praise are more likely to obtain what they are pursuing.(adj.可能的)
11．Opinions are divided on the question.(n.意见)
12．Technology should serve only as means to this purpose, and should be prevented from ruling man.(vt.阻止)
13．Reading Jane Eyre is a process full of pleasure and motivation.(n.过程)
14．There was a time when the air quality went from bad to worse because of the serious pollution.(n.质量)
15．The Nile Valley keeps a temperate climate throughout the year.(prep.遍及)
16．We competitors are required to recite an English poem within 3 minutes. (prep.在(某段时间)之内)
17．It's really worthwhile to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying.(adj.值得做的)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式
1．Adding Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is a big step to promote traditional art.(vt.促进)
拓展：promotion n．提升；促销活动；晋级
2．The students put forward new proposals on the running of the college to the College Education Committee.(n.提议)
拓展：propose vt.提议；建议
3．Drivers are supposed to limit the speed in neighbourhoods because children may be playing there. (vt.限制)
拓展：limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless adj.无限制的；无止境的
4．It is actually lack of trust that is to blame for the loss of friendship.(n.丧失)
拓展： lose vt.丢失→lost adj.迷路的；失去的
5．As the patient's life hung in the balance，many volunteers offered to donate blood.(vt.捐献)
拓展：donation n．捐赠；赠送→donor n．捐赠者；捐赠机构
6．I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround yourself with creative people.( adj.有创造力的)
拓展：create vt.创造→creation n．创造；创作→creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地
7．The application must be made within twentyfour hours, or it will not be attended to.(n.申请)
拓展：apply v．申请→applicant n．申请人
8．The problem should be handled very carefully to balance the needs of people with those of nature.(vt.使平衡)
拓展：balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的
9．The Nobel Prize is awarded to those who make great contributions in different fields every year.(n.贡献)
拓展：contribute v．捐献；捐助
10．He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society.(vt.调查)
拓展：investigation n．调查
11．Social and cultural activities for senior citizens have been conducted over the past several years.(vt.组织)
拓展：conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥
12．A lighthouse marks the entrance to the harbour.(n.入口)
拓展：enter vt.进入
13．In comparison with Western painting, Chinese painting has its own artistic characteristics.(n.比较)
拓展：compare vt.比较
三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用
写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思
1．If you are not strong enough, please don't take part in such an activity.参加
2．Try to keep a balance between your spending and your earnings.保持平衡
3．I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.阻止
4．Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.向……捐赠……
5．To receive your purchases in time, make sure the express company knows your address exactly.确保
6．First performed in 1926, the opera Turandot still attracts audience from all over the world.在世界各地
7．As she saw my face, her happiness gave way to curiosity.让步
8．The committee made a proposal to reduce the time limit.提出建议
9．You seem to be familiar with the town.熟悉
10．Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.A
A．向……求助 B．翻到 C．查阅
四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
1.
教材原句
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(when引导定语从句)
新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
写作亮句
(2019·浙江高考写作)I can well remember there was a time when I had difficulty in learning English.
我清楚地记得有一段时间我学英语有困难。
2.
教材原句
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(not only ...but also ...)
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
写作亮句
(2021·浙江6月高考写作)Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures, but also enable you to understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better.
通过这次展览，你不仅能欣赏精彩的画作，还能更好地了解传统国画艺术。
文化典句
The dinner on New Year's Eve will be the best dinner, not only because we have various dishes, but it's also on the day we can meet all our family members.
除夕之夜的晚餐将是最好的晚餐，不仅因为有各种各样的美味佳肴，而且在这一天我们可以见到所有的家人。
3.
教材原句
This makes it an important cultural heritage site not just for China, but for all people around the world.(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
这使得它不仅是中国的重要文化遗产，也是全世界人民的重要文化遗产。
写作亮句
(2021·浙江1月高考写作)It turned out that people liked and forwarded it crazily on the Internet, making me an Internet celebrity.
结果，人们点赞并疯狂地在网络上转发，让我成为网络名人。
五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美
动作描写之动“手”
Suddenly I felt a hand on my arm and then another on my face.I tried reaching for my box of matches, and grabbed it just in time, for someone was trying to take them out of my pocket.From every direction came these disgusting creatures, pulling at my hair and my clothing.Because I could not get hold of the matches firmly, I shouted as loud as I could.
突然，我感到一只手放在我的胳膊上，然后又一只手放在我的脸上。我试着伸手去拿我的火柴盒，及时抓住了它，因为有人想把它们从我的口袋里拿出来。这些可恶的生物从四面八方来，拉着我的头发和衣服。因为我不能牢牢抓住火柴，所以我竭尽全力大声叫喊。
[点评] 本段使用了feel a hand on my arm, another on my face, reach for, grab, take them out of my pocket, pull at, get hold of等和“手”有关的动作，具体生动地描写了一个紧张害怕的画面。
1．preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①With the limited natural resources, we should take action to preserve them from/against being wasted.
②Wellpreserved_in_the_nature_preserve,_pandas live a happy life.
熊猫在自然保护区受到很好的保护，过着快乐的生活。
[系统归纳]
(1)preserve ...from/against ... 保护……免受……
be wellpreserved 保存良好的；受到很好保护的
(2)a nature preserve 自然保护区
2．balance n．平衡；均匀；余额 vt.使平衡
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/写出加蓝词的含义
①Keeping balance between progress and the preservation of cultural relics can be a big challenge.
②Before making the final decision，you'd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
③You'd better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
④I must check my bank balance before I decide to buy the car.余额
[系统归纳]
(1)keep balance (between ...and ...) (在……之间)保持平衡
(2)balance ...against ... 权衡……与……
(3)keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
3．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.
②To save the expense, the number of daily guests is_limited (limit) to less than 100.
③There_is_a_limit_to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day.
你一天内能吃多少新鲜水果是有限制的。
[系统归纳]
(1)limit ...to ... 把……限制在……内
(2)be limited to 被限制在……
(3)there is a/no limit to 对……有限制/无限制
set a limit to sth. 对……设定限度
注意：上述搭配中to均为介词，后跟名词或v.ing形式作宾语。
4．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
[题点全练](单句语法填空/句型转换)
①The bad cold prevented Alice from taking (take) part in sports.
②Alice_was_prevented_from_taking_part_in_sports because of the bad cold.(用被动语态改写①句)
[系统归纳]
protect ...from/against (doing) ...保护……免受……
注意：prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.中from可以省略，但在被动结构中，from不可省略；keep sb.from doing sth.中，from在主动语态和被动语态中都不能省略。
5．contribute vi.&vt.捐献；捐助
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/写出加黑词汇的含义
①As far as I'm concerned, there is nothing better than playing volleyball, which contributes_to our cooperating with others.
②(2020· 天津7月高考书面表达)And I will also try my best to make a contribution to the society.I firmly believe that a bright future is waiting for us.
③If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.投稿
[系统归纳]
(1)contribute sth.to ... 把某物捐献给……；投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿
(2)make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献
注意：以上短语中的to都是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。
6.forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅；免除
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/翻译句子/写出加黑词在语境中的含义
①Forgive my interrupting (interrupt) but I really don't know where to put the mirror.
②Although Chinese family will forgive you for your being late, I suggest you should arrive on time.
③请原谅我的过错。
Please_forgive_me_my_fault.
④Believe it or not, I'll forgive you the debt.免除
[系统归纳]
forgive sb.sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事
forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事
7．take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
[题点全练](完成句子/句式升级)
①Any student who is interested in this activity is_welcome_to_take_part.
欢迎任何对这项活动有兴趣的同学参加。
②We take_part_in_all_kinds_of_activities in our school.
我们参加学校的各种活动。
③We_take_an_active_part_in_all_kinds_of_activities_in_our_school.(在②句中part前面加入修饰成分)
[系统归纳]
(1)take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词a或an。
(2)在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
(3)participate in 参加，参与
play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
1．likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地
[题点全练](完成句子)
①(2020·天津7月高考书面表达)As you are growing up, you_are_likely_to_meet some difficult problems.
在你成长的过程中，你可能会遇到一些难题。
②It_is_likely_that you make your friends feel embarrassed if you don't know Chinese table manners.
如果你不了解中国的餐桌礼仪，很可能会让你的朋友感到尴尬。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
sb./sth.be likely to do sth.某人/某物很可能做某事
it's likely that ... 很可能……
辨析比较
(1)likely常用于“it is likely that ...”和“sb./sth.be likely to do sth.”句型中；
(2)possible常用于“it is possible (for sb.) to do sth.”和“it is possible that ...”句型中；
(3)probable常用于“it is probable that ...”句型中。
[练重难点]
选词填空(probable/likely/possible)
③Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a musician in the future.
④It is possible for them to win the match, for they have talented players.
2．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
[题点全练](单句语法填空)
①Jim had prepared carefully for his driving test so that he could be sure of passing it at the first attempt.
②We made an attempt to make out the way back home in the darkness, but in vain.
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
(2)attempt to do sth. 努力做某事；试图做某事
辨析比较
attempt to do sth.和try/seek to do sth.一样，强调的是努力做某事的过程，不一定成功；而manage to do sth.则表示“设法做成某事”，强调结果。
[练重难点]
选词填空(attempt to/manage to)
③He attempted_to get in touch with them but without success.
④(2021·浙江1月高考写作)Finally I managed_to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle.
3．worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
[题点全练](完成句子)
①It's_worthwhile_reading/to_read literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.
读文学书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们对社会和生活了解更多。
[进阶学习]
系统
归纳
值得做某事
难点
释解
(3)worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
[练重难点]
选词填空(worthy/worth/worthwhile)
②This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated.So I feel that all your effort isn't worthwhile.
一句多译
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
③The reference book is_worth_buying,_because it is a great help for your study.(worth)
④The reference book is_worthy_to_be_bought/of_being_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy)
4．turn to向……求助
[题点全练]
用turn短语的适当形式填空/完成句子
①Tom had to turn_down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
②Let's not wait any longer; he might not turn_up at all.
③What he said at the meeting turned_out to be reasonable.
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Whenever I have difficulties in my English study, she is the one that I_will_turn_to_first.
每当我在英语学习中遇到困难时，她是我第一个求助的人。
[进阶学习]
系统
归纳
turn down 关小(声音等)；拒绝
turn up 出现；露面；调高(音量等)
turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产
难点
释解
turn to除了“向……求助”的意义之外，还常常有“转向；致力于；从事于；翻到；查阅”等意思。
[练重难点]
写出下列句中turn to的含义
⑤If you turn to Page 40, you will find it.翻到
⑥More and more people turn to computer science.从事于
⑦Their talk turned to the change that had happened.转向
⑧You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅
1．when引导定语从句
[用法规则]
与time有关的其他常用句式：
(1)It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋过去完成时这/那是第一/二/……次……
(2)It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time (that)＋现在完成时这/那是第一/二/……次……
(3)There was a time when ... 曾有一段……的时期
(4)the last/first time＋从句 上次/第一次……
(5)It's high time that ...did/should do sth. 该是做……的时候了
[应用体验](完成句子)
①There_came_a_time_when I should make a choice.
接下来是我应当做出选择的时候了。
②There_was_a_time_when he was disappointed and wanted to leave here.
曾有一段时期他很沮丧，想离开这里。
③I think it is high time that you made/should_make_up_your_mind.
我认为该是你做决定的时候了。
2．not only ...but also ...
[用法规则]
(1)not only ...but also ...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)not only ...but also ...连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时， not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)not only ...but also ...连接的两个并列成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。
[应用体验](单句语法填空/句式升级)
①Not only the students but also their teacher likes (like) playing football.
②Not only did (do) we forget to turn off the lights in the kitchen, but we (also) failed to lock the front door.
③As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our studying career but also enrich our everyday life.
→As we all know, not_only_can_reading_classics_improve_our_studying_career but also enrich our everyday life.(倒装句)
了解中外文化遗产的历史与现状、所面临的问题，以及相应的解决方法，可以培养学生传承和保护物质与非物质文化遗产的意识，使其重视文化遗产保护与社会经济发展的平衡与协调关系。高考命题对这一主题也常有涉及，如2018年北京高考书面表达讲述带领外国学生体验中国茶文化的全过程；2017年全国卷Ⅱ书面表达写信邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸艺术展。
FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS
(节选自人教版教材必修第二册UNIT 1)
Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society.❶There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.(第一段总述了问题的普遍性)
Big challenges，however, can sometimes lead to great solutions.(用however自然转到了下文叙述阿斯旺大坝建设过程中的成功做法) In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area.But the proposal led to protests.Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage.(从经济利益和可能带来的问题两个方面说明了大坝建设面临的挑战)After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
...(中间省略的两段介绍了在联合国成立的专门委员会的主导下，世界各地的政府机构和环保主义者齐心协力，采取了一系列措施来应对这一挑战)
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success.❷ Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(阿斯旺大坝建设获得了巨大成功)
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.❸Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.(总结阿斯旺大坝建设的经验)
由教材学写法
1．学亮点词汇
第一段中的give way to形象写出了新旧交替之际，旧退新进的局面。第二段中的proposal与protest对比呼应，既简明准确地表达了“该提案引发了抗议”的意思，又体现了语言上的韵律美；此外，选文中的challenge，balance和path等词则准确传达了当时面临的困难，寻求方法的目的和探索的过程。
2．学高级句式
句❶是一个并列复合句。句中用关系副词when引导的定语从句描述了这个时代的特征；and后第二分句中的主句采用了it作形式主语的句式，客观地指出了在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。句子虽长，但衔接自然，表达清晰。
句❷是一个not only ...but also ...连接的并列复合句。作者巧妙运用了not only ...but also ...并列结构，指出问题得到了很好解决——这些国家不但找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作共创美好未来的可能性。
句❸是一个主从复合句，运用which引导的非限制性定语从句补充说明了联合国教科文组织开展了一项防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的计划。
3．学选材立意
本文主要讲述了埃及在修建阿斯旺大坝和保护物质文化遗产方面遇到挑战时，是如何成功应对的。文章先是指出当今时代发展经济与文化遗址保护之间寻找并保持适当的平衡是一个巨大的挑战，然后通过叙述埃及修建阿斯旺大坝时保护物质文化遗产的方法，得出了多个国家合作可以共创美好未来的结论。激发学生面对挑战时应积极思考解决方法的意识，并有助于培养其国际视野和社会责任意识。
4．学行文逻辑
本文写作结构为“总—分—总”。文章脉络为：提出问题→解决过程→得出结论。其中讲述解决问题的过程时以时间为线索，条理清晰而又巧妙地将空间、人物、事件等要素组合在了一起。
Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式
1．apart from 除……之外
2．agree on 对……取得一致意见
3．be added to 被加入
4．cultural heritage 文化遗产
5．care about 关心
6．shoulder the responsibility of 肩负起……的责任
7．traditional crafts 传统工艺品
8．be listed in 被列入
9．link ...to/with 把……连接/联系起来
10．world heritage sites 世界遗产地
11．give way to 给……让路；为……所替代
12．take down 写下；拿下；拆掉
13．keep balance 保持平衡
14．a part of the tradition 传统的一个组成部分
15．local culture 本土文化
16．reflect on 反思；思考
Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底
1．Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.
建于16世纪，这座城堡见证了太多的历史沉浮。
2．Wellknown for its extraordinary quality, beautiful design and brilliant colour, Chinese silk has been regarded as a symbol of Chinese culture.
中国丝绸因品质卓越、设计美观和色彩亮丽而出名，被认为是中国文化的象征。
3．Cultural heritage is a symbol of splendid ancient civilisation and protecting it can make us feel proud of our nation.
文化遗产是辉煌的古代文明的象征，保护文化遗产能让我们为我们的国家感到自豪。
4．It is believed that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found.
人们认为这是至今所发现的最早也是最大的古代造纸作坊遗址。
5．It's our duty to take more effective steps to better protect our cultural heritage.
采取更加有效的措施，更好地保护我们的文化遗产是我们的责任。
一、作文补写表达亮
下面是一篇对校篆刻艺术展的报道，请根据提示，运用上面所学，将文章补充完整。
A Seal Cutting Art Exhibition
❶In_order_to_inherit_intangible_cultural_heritage (为了传承非物质文化遗产；用非谓语动词表示目的), a seal cutting art exhibition ❷was_held_in_our_school_library_last_Sunday (上周日在我们学校图书馆举办；用被动语态)．Many students participated in it.
During the exhibition, various kinds of Chinese characters，❸which_were_carved_into_small_squares_of_stone_and_stamped_onto_the_paper_with_ink (它们被雕刻成小方块的石头，然后用墨水印在纸上；用which引导的非限制性定语从句), were on show.What's more, ❹opportunities_were_provided (提供了机会；用provide的被动语态) for students to learn basic seal cutting.
❺Thanks_to_this_rewarding_activity (由于这次有意义的活动；thanks to), we students were aware of ❻the_responsibilities_we_shouldered (我们肩负的责任) to inherit intangible cultural heritage.
二、看图写作善联想
根据以下图片展开合理想象，写一段80词左右的短文，介绍世界文化遗产龙门石窟(The Longmen Grottoes)。
The_Longmen_Grottoes_stand_on_the_banks_of_the_Yi_River,_south_of_Luoyang,_Henan_Province.The_carving_project_began_in_the_Northern_Wei_Dynasty_and_lasted_for_more_than_1,400_years_until_the_Qing_Dynasty.It_is_said_that_a_fish_leaping_over_the_dragon_gate_took_place_here.The_grottoes_are_an_important_part_of_ancient_Chinese_sculptures,_and_show_the_great_changes_in_politics,_economy,_religion,_culture_and_so_on_in_ancient_China.
课时作业(一) 语篇阅读训练——保准度
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了考古学家在南美的安第斯山脉中发现了一座有着9 000年历史的女性狩猎者的墓葬，推翻了传统的“男士打猎，女人采集”的劳动分工观念。
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