高中Unit 1 Science and Scientists同步测试题

这是一份高中Unit 1 Science and Scientists同步测试题，共7页。
Section Ⅳ　Assessing Your Progress[基础训练]Ⅰ　单词拼写1．(·江苏高考)To enjoy the convenience of          (数码的) payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.答案：digital2．Source of COVID－19          (感染) might have not appeared first in Wuhan. 答案：infection3．Mars was visible, just in the centre of the          (望远镜)．答案：telescope4．We have lots of things in common          (除……之外(还)) music. 答案：besides5．The old man is a          (爱国的) overseas Chinese. 答案：patriotic6．I'm on the night s         today. 答案：shift7．This writer uses v         descriptions in his writings.答案：vivid8．It's not all your f        . I'm also responsible.答案：fault9．S         turn to liquids and liquids into gases at certain temperatures.答案：Solids10．The whole nation are determined to t         China in the spirit of Yu Gong who removed the mountains. 答案：transform Ⅱ　单句语法填空1．My ideal is to be an          (astronomy)．答案：astronomer2．The shops were          (brilliant) lit up.答案：brilliantly3．The house is not comfortable tonight because of the high          (humid)．答案：humidity4．He has moved to Spain,          (seem) to enjoy a slower style of life.答案：seemingly5．(·江苏高考)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, reflecting man's intelligence and          (create). 答案：creativity Ⅲ　单句写作1．统计分析是一种相当可靠的预测方法。                 is a means of arriving at a fairly reliable forecast. 答案：Statistical analysis2．公众可能会持有显然互相矛盾的态度。The public are                  holding apparently contradictory attitudes. 答案：capable of3．他的戏剧中总是有善恶之间的斗争。There's always a                  good and evil in his plays. 答案：conflict between4．拥护者认为开放源代码软件安全性更高。Supporters say                  software is more secure. 答案：open source5．成功要求具有良好的战略思考能力和务实态度。Being successful requires good strategic                      and a “Can Do” attitude. 答案：thinking ability[思维训练]Ⅰ　阅读(·杭州启正中学高二检测) Sir John Gurdon, a British scientist, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012, said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years, and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning. Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues, the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful. Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown, the first “test－tube baby”. He said, “When my first frog experiments were done, an American reporter asked how long it would be before these things could be done in mammals or humans. I said, ‘Well, it could be anytime between 10 years and 100 years—how about 50 years？’ It turned out that it wasn't far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned. Maybe the same answer is appropriate.” Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin, and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”．The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children, who are no longer fertile， to create another by using the mother's eggs and skin cells from the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 percent in favor. The reasons for “no” are usually that the new children would feel they are some sort of replacements for something.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主——英国科学家约翰·戈登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术，让他们的子女得到“重生”。1．Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in          at most.A．about 100 years B．about 60 yearsC．about 50 years D．about 10 years答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，格登爵士表示，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。故选C。2．The underlined word “identical” probably means “        ”．A．same   B．specialC．new   D．clear答案：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“twin”和“doctors would therefore simply be ‘copying what nature has already produced’”可知，A项正确。3．It can be inferred from the passage that         .A．most people cast doubt on John's experimentsB．human cloning is and will be only a dreamC．few children love to be cloned in the futureD．human cloning may be realized someday答案：D　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心，因此可推断D项正确。1．medically adv. 医学上地2．deceased adj. 死去了的3．fertile adj. 能生育的1．no longer 不再…… 2.in favor 支持，赞同 Ⅱ　七选五(·北京海淀区高二检测)Scientists used to explore on the surface of ocean.   1   They want to know about ocean water and the plant and animal life deep in the ocean.In 1934 the scientist William Beebe dived 3,000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935 August Piccard dived 10,330 feet.   2  All these early dives were deep. But the divers could not stay down for very long. They had to come back up to the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below surface.   3   Cousteau, a Frenchman, was able to keep men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to a depth of 900 feet for a week.  4   With this new equipment, men can stay below the surface for days or even weeks. In 1962 Cousteau set up a research station 35 feet below the surface. Then in 1964 he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea. This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface.Many countries are now studying undersea living. The former Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. The United States has a laboratory 50 feet down on the ocean floor off the Virgin Islands. In 1970 five men lived there for two weeks. Then a team of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory.   5   All were there to explore the ocean depths and to make plans for the use of its resources. Scientists hope to find enough material, vegetable, and animal wealth there to provide food for the entire world. A．Gradually they succeeded.B．Next came other teams of men.C．Now they are exploring below the surface, too.D．The resources under the sea are unbelievably useful.E．In 1960 his son Jean dived to a depth of 35,800 feet.F．In the near future we humans can possibly live under the sea.G．Now scientists are developing even better equipment.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家探索海底世界的发展历程。1．C　根据上一句“Scientists used to explore on the surface of ocean.”和下一句可知，C项“现在他们也在探索海底世界”承上启下，指科学家过去常常在海平面上探索，现在他们也开始探索海平面以下，想要了解深海之处的动植物。故选C。2．E　前两句列举了在海底进行探索的科学家和他们的潜入深度及探索时间。E项与前两句是并列关系。故选E。3．A　上文描述了科学家一开始只能在海底待几秒钟，为了研究海底生物，他们需要在海底多待一些时间；再根据下文列举的例子“was able to keep men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month ...”可知，这些科学家逐渐成功了，他们在海底待的时间越来越长了。故选A。4．G　根据下一句中的“With this new equipment”可知，G项中“developing even better equipment”与之相呼应。故选G。5．B　根据上文中的“In 1970 five men”“Then a team of five women scientists”可知，B项中的“Next”与上文是时间上的递进关系，符合语境。故选B。 Ⅲ　读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Laurie had not been skating in any competition since her left knee was badly injured in an accident six months ago. As she waited for her turn to skate, Laurie was very nervous. She knew that today was a very important day in her comeback.Laurie was told that she had a tough competition this year, and a girl from Connecticut named Jinny Jordan who was really strong in everything. “She is the one you have to beat this year，” the coach said.Minutes later, the door opened and Laurie saw a young woman who was about her own age. The young woman dumped some of her belongings onto a chair. Jinny looked at the clothing and equipment that lay scattered on the floor. As she began to gather her belongings, the door opened.“Jinny，” called someone. “You'd better give the tape of your music to the sound engineer right away.”“I thought I gave him my music tape an hour ago，” said Jinny. “Tell him it's the green box with my initials written in white in the right－hand corner.”“He said you never gave it to him, and he's getting angry.”“Then I don't know what I did with it，” said Jinny, hurrying out.Laurie knew that music was nearly as important to the program as skating itself. If she lost her music tape, she might as well forget about skating. Paragraph 1：Suddenly she saw something small and dark green behind the leg of the dressing table.                                                                            Paragraph 2：Feeling relieved, Laurie skated quickly to the center of the rink after the announcer finally called her name.                                                                            写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Laurie 因为左膝严重受伤不能参加任何滑冰比赛，第一次复出便遇到了强劲对手Jinny, Jinny 的伴奏带找不到了，她还能参加比赛吗？Laurie又会怎么做呢？[精彩范文]Paragraph 1：Suddenly she saw something small and dark green behind the leg of the dressing table. She pulled it out, and saw the white Initials J．J. in the top night－hand corner. “It's Jinny's music tape！” She exclaimed. Laurie's heart started beating fast. “All I'd have to do is forget that I found this，” she thought. “If Jinny doesn't have her music, she might as well not skate. And then I would win.” Laurie shivered slightly as she thought about this. Then she wondered, “Does winning mean so much to me that I'd be willing to cheat for it？” She walked to the door and called Jinny loudly.Paragraph 2：Feeling relieved, Laurie skated quickly to the center of the rink after the announcer finally called her name. The music filled the stadium and she skated gracefully and beautifully. Her left knee was fine and she felt herself gliding on the ice. The audience applauded from time to time, enthusiastically supporting her in her comeback. When she finished, her coach ran up to her and hugged her. “You did it, Laurie！” she said. Laurie smiled and thought about Jinny's music tape. “No one will ever know how close I really came to losing.” she said softly to herself.