河南省大联考2022-2023学年高二下学期阶段性测试（五）英语试题（含解析）

这是一份河南省大联考2022-2023学年高二下学期阶段性测试（五）英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，邀请信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
河南省大联考2022-2023学年高二下学期阶段性测试（五）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
As the largest country on the continent of South America, Brazil has some must-go festivals.
Rock in Rio
This 10-day music festival is held each September in Rio de Janeiro and was started in 1985 by the famous Brazilian musician, Roberto Medina, to show Brazilian culture. Bringing together some of the biggest names in music and millions of fans all over the world, Rock in Rio is one of the most famous music festivals in the world.
Oktoberfest
Each October, the city of Blumenau hosts one of the biggest and best Oktoberfests outside of Germany. Held in Pomerode Park since 1984, this festival is one of the most popular events in Brazil, attracting millions from around the world to experience some German culture in South America. For 17 days each October, you can enjoy traditional German food and beer, live music and performances.
Parintins Folklore Festival
Held each June in Parintins since 1913, this unique festival celebrates local folklore through music and dance.
The centerpiece of the festival is a three-day competition between two teams-the red team and the blue team-who perform local folklore stories, known as the Boi Bumba. During the competition, you can expect to see thousands of people from all over Brazil dressed in beautiful costumes and cheering on their favorite team.
Lollapalooza
For the most diverse music festival experience in Brazil, you need to check out Lollapalooza inSão Paulo, where you can enjoy not just Brazilian music. This three-day music event takes place each March.
Celebrating its 11th year in 2023, Lollapalooza is one of the largest and most well-known music festivals in Brazil. And you’re guaranteed to see some of the biggest names in the music industry.
1．What can we learn about Oktoberfest?
A．It lasts two weeks. B．It reflects German culture.
C．It takes place in Rio de Janeiro. D．It provides a chance to enjoy a competition.
2．Which of the following Brazilian festivals has the longest history?
A．Rock in Rio. B．Oktoberfest. C．Parintins Folklore Festival. D．Lollapalooza.
3．Where can you meet famous musicians during the festivals?
A．São Paulo & Parintins. B．Blumenau & Parintins.
C．Rio de Janeiro & Blumenau. D．Rio de Janeiro & São Paulo.

A dog, Nanuq, is back with his Alaskan islander family after going missing for over one month. He was found over 200 kilometers away across sea ice.
Mandy Iwworrigan lives on St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Strait in the western part of Alaska. The Bering Strait is the icy waterway that separates the United States and Russia.
Nanuq disappeared in March when Iwworrigan and her family went to see her uncle and aunt on another part of St. Lawrence Island. She believed Nanuq and another dog ran out onto the ice looking for food. The other dog, Starlight, stayed away for weeks but came home. Nanuq didn’t come back.
About one month later, Iwworrigan said people in the town of Wales began posting photos of a dog they’ d found on social media. Her father showed her the photos and said the dog in the photos looked like Nanuq. Iwworrigan looked at the photos and yelled: “That’s our dog. What’s he doing in Wales?”
If you look at a map, you can see that the town of Wales and St. Lawrence Island are separated by a lot of water. But in the winter, most of it freezes. This might have permitted Nanuqto cover 241 kilometers either floating or running on the ice. But no one will ever know everything about Nanuq’s story or how he survived for so long.
“I have no idea how he ended up in Wales,” the owner said. “Maybe the ice shifted while he was hunting.” Iwworrigan said the dog probably ate the remains of other animals such as a seal or caught and ate a seal. “He’s smart,” she said.
Nanuq came home to his family on an airplane last week and Iwworrigan’s daughter, Brooklyn, yelled with happiness when she saw him. The dog had been bitten by another animal but was in good shape after his long time away from home.
4．When did Nanuq run out of sight?
A．When he was enjoying himself alone on the ice.
B．When he broke away from his playmate Starlight.
C．When his companion got lost during the food hunt.
D．When his owners were on a visit to their relatives.
5．What enabled Iwworrigan to find her lost dog Nanuq?
A．Strangers’act of kindness. B．Her father’s non-stop efforts.
C．A letter from the town of Wales. D．Her sharing Nanuq’s photos online.
6．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The shallow waters. B．The floating ice.
C．The frozen surface. D．The separation of Wales and St. Lawrence.
7．What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph?
A．Brooklyn brought Nanuq back home by air.
B．Nanuq had an accident during his disappearance.
C．Nanuq’s return brought mixed feelings to Brooklyn.
D．Nanuq was in poor condition when he was taken back home.

Solar panels (太阳能板) are used to turn sunlight into electricity. Most solar panels are placed on land. But recently people have begun to explore putting floating solar panels on water. Because these panels float, some people call them “floatovoltaics”.
On land, solar panels are fixed on roofs or are held up by special frames. On the water, floatovoltaics are placed on a raft or floating platform attached to the bottom of a lake or reservoir. (水库). The raft usually has a space for workers to walk out and mend the panels, if needed. Floating solar panels cost about 25%more than those placed on land.
The researchers in a new study looked at 114,555 reservoirs worldwide. They used computer programs to figure out how much electricity could be produced yearly by covering 30% of these reservoirs with floating solar panels. The answer was surprisingly large—10 times as much energy as all the solar power being produced in the world.
The scientists found floatovoltaics would be especially conducive when reservoirs were near smaller cities (50,000 people or fewer). The researchers say there are about 6,256 cities like this around the world, and floating solar panels could provide all the electricity the cities need. Floatovoltaics can also help save water by limiting evaporation (蒸发) from reservoirs. The scientists say that solar panels covering just 30%of the reservoirs’ surfaces could save as much water as 300,000 people would use in a year.
There are several other reasons that make floatovoltaics a good idea. Solar panels work better when they’re not extremely hot. The water helps cool the panels so that they create more energy.
However, covering too much of a reservoir with panels could affect the plants and animals in the water. The scientists say it will be important to study how floating panels will affect water in each reservoir. Focusing first on man-made reservoirs and canals will avoid some of those problems.
8．Why is a space usually left on the raft?
A．To prevent the raft from being over-burdened.
B．Out of consideration for the efficiency of floatovoltaics.
C．To prevent solar panels from being wetted by water.
D．For the convenience of repairing broken solar panels.
9．What does the underlined word “conducive” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Affordable. B．Useful. C．Demanding. D．Troublesome.
10．What’s one of the advantages of floatovoltaics over solar panels on land?
A．They are easier to fix. B．They are less expensive.
C．They are less likely to break down. D．They are more productive during certain times.
11．What does the last paragraph imply about floatovoltaics?
A．They are imperfect. B．They affect agriculture.
C．They are environment-friendly. D．They only apply to artificial canals.

Most people have probably read a book or seen a movie or show about an AI (Artificial Intelligence) or robot that has become so smart that it can take over the world. The AI in stories like this is known as an AGI (Artificial General Intelligence). A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own. Currently, there are no AGIs. Most experts believe it will be many years before an AGI could possibly be created.
Most current AI tools are good at just one task. But scientists have been working to improve AI models. The Al tool that’s gotten the most attention recently is ChatGPT, which allows users to “chat” with a powerful Large Language Model (LLM). When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences. It makes up stories and games, writes essays, and much more.
ChatGPT appears to be extremely intelligent. But really, ChatGPT is simply guessing—based on its training information—which word is most likely to come next, over and over again. Last month, OpenAI announced a more powerful model—GPT-4. GPT-4 can create and explain jokes, and pass tests difficult for humans. GPT-4 has also been trained on pictures, and can be used in powerful ways. For example, it can create a working website from a description and a rough drawing of the site.
The rapid progress and more general skills of recent AI models worry some people. Last week, many computer experts published a letter calling for a six-month pause for any work on AI tools stronger than GPT-4 to make sure AI tools are safe.
However, some AI experts say the letter makes today’s AI tools sound more intelligent than they really are. Others say it’s more important to worry about real problems in current AI tools rather than imaginary ones in the future. Anyway, the letter has sent a strong warning that many people, including leaders, will be thinking about carefully.
12．What’s most experts’ opinion on an AGI?
A．It is relatively easy to access. B．It lacks the ability to teach itself.
C．It takes time to turn it into reality. D．It is certain to take over the world.
13．Strictly speaking, what ChatGPT does is ________.
A．full of creativity B．pure guesswork
C．well worth promoting D．a reflection of high intelligence
14．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Not all AI experts agree with the letter.
B．The intelligence of today’s AI tools is understated.
C．Potential problems of future AI tools need attention.
D．The letter appeals for focus on real problems in current AI tools.
15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Problems Resulting from AI Tools B．The Fast Development of AI Tools
C．Are AI Tools the Trend of the Future? D．Are AI Tools Becoming Too Powerful?


二、七选五
Trying to get a great night’s sleep is often harder than it looks. 16 On the other hand, a large part of the population spends hours twisting and turning until they can get to sleep. Thankfully, there are countless proven ways that can help you get the rest you need.
Reduce stress levels. There are several reasons as to why you may have a harder time falling asleep. However, a large factor that plays into lack of sleep is stress. 17 Therefore, try to keep stress levels to a minimum and work on managing your anxiety levels.
Create a peaceful environment. 18 We suggest you create the best environment with what works for you. For example, if you need complete darkness, we recommend you fix some supreme shades rather than standard curtains.
19 If you want to get the best night’s sleep, stay away from things like alcohol and caffeine. Similarly, you should avoid any large or heavy meals just before going to bed as you want to ensure you digest your food properly.
Cut down on screen time. In our digital world, we spend most of our day staring at screens. At the end of the night, you may want to relax by visiting social media or watching a TV show. However, the light sent out from these screens can make you feel more awake. 20
A．Be mindful of your diet.
B．Get enough exercise.
C．Instead, we recommend picking up a great book.
D．Some people can fall asleep as soon as their head hits the pillow.
E．However, most people admit they don’t feel rested when they wake up.
F．You may find it harder to rest because your mind is racing with worries.
G．Some people need a very quiet and dark room in order to sleep peacefully.


三、完形填空
I was in my mid-forties when I bought my house in a quiet, old neighbourhood. I soon became 21 that most of my neighbors were decades older than me. Within the first few weeks, most neighbors wandered over to 22 me. However, my next-door neighbour Kay, who was said to be deaf, was a (n) 23 .
When I arrived home from work one evening a month later, Kay signaled me to 24 her house. She’d made roasted chicken and wanted me to 25 her for supper. The supper was delicious, but her squealing (发出尖叫声) hearing aid was very 26 . I pointed to her to indicate that her hearing aid was squealing. She removed it, and the squealing stopped 27 .
Then she put her hand on top of mine and said, “Dear, do you ever 28 why I wear a hearing aid even though I’m deaf?” I nodded, and she began to 29 . “Every once in a while, if I turn my 30 , and the wind happens to come from the right direction, my hearing aid squeals. And there are times when I can hear that squeal. In a life where deafness has become my 31 , I love the moments when, even for a few seconds, I can hear again. It’s the most wonderful 32 . The next time you hear an annoying noise like the neighbor’s dog barking, don’t be annoyed. Count it as a (n) 33 . Like me, the day may come when you would give anything to be able to 34 those noises again.”
I’m so 35 to Kay, who helped me develop a better attitude towards life.
21．A．regretful B．aware C．worried D．embarrassed
22．A．comfort B．persuade C．accompany D．welcome
23．A．exception B．priority C．enthusiast D．witness
24．A．clean up B．search for C．come into D．watch over
25．A．prepare B．join C．forgive D．praise
26．A．annoying B．scary C．amusing D．practical
27．A．strangely B．randomly C．unexpectedly D．immediately
28．A．know B．comment C．wonder D．remember
29．A．explain B．argue C．appeal D．analyse
30．A．back B．head C．eyes D．arms
31．A．option B．reminder C．strength D．reality
32．A．feeling B．excuse C．memory D．promise
33．A．appointment B．adventure C．blessing D．secret
34．A．keep B．hear C．tolerate D．control
35．A．polite B．similar C．faithful D．grateful


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An Australian company has made lab-grown meat 36 (use) a mammoth’s genetic (基因的) information. The company made the creation in a science museum in the Netherlands just days before April 1. “This isn’t 37 April Fools’ joke,” said Tim Noakesmith, 38 is the founder of the Australian company.
The company, Vow, combined genetic information from the mammoth and African elephants, which can be seen as the 39 (close) living relative of mammoth. The information was then put into a sheep muscle cell. In the lab, the number of the cells would be 40 the increase until there were enough to make a meatball.
More than 100 companies 41 (global) are working on lab-grown meat products. Singapore is the only country so far to approve lab-grown meat for humans to eat. Vow is hoping to sell 42 (it) first product there-lab-grown Japanese quail meat-later this year.
Vow doesn’t plan to put the mammoth meatball into 43 (produce). Instead, the company created it 44 (bring) attention and get people talking about the future of meat. The large meatball shown in the Netherlands was only for show and not to be eaten. However, the meatball 45 (cook), and people could smell it. People who were there said it smelled like another lab-grown product the company had produced, which was crocodile.


五、邀请信
46．假定你是李华，你所在的城市本周末将在市森林公园举办风筝节。请你就此事给你的外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，邀请他一同前往，内容包括：
1. 活动介绍；
2. 期待回复。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Netherlands is a country where much of it is below sea level. Dikes (堤坝) are great walls that stop the North Sea from rushing in and flooding the country. For many centuries the people of the Netherlands have worked to keep the walls strong to keep their country safe. Even little children there are quite aware that a small hole in the walls can cause big damage in the country. There was a boy who was named Peter. His father was one of the men who would open and close the gates in the dikes for the ships to pass out of the Netherlands’ canals into the great sea.
One cold afternoon when Peter was eight years old, his mother asked him to deliver some cakes she baked to his blind friend who lived across the dike. Peter stayed with him for a while, shared his experience of the walk and described the sun, the flowers, and the ships far out in the sea.
Then he found it was dark totally. So he said goodbye to his friend and set out for home immediately. On his way back, as he walked beside the canal, he noticed that the water had risen a lot because of rain and it was beating against the dike violently.
As Peter was walking along, he suddenly heard a noise of trickling (滴流的) water. He stopped and saw a small hole in the dike through which a tiny stream was flowing. Peter knew the danger that could be caused as the little hole would soon become a larger one and the whole country could be flooded. So he climbed down the side of the dike and put his finger into the tiny hole. The flowing of the water stopped in no time.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Peter shouted for help, but in vain (徒劳).
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Early the next morning, a man going for work heard Peter’s groan (呻吟).
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴西一些极好的节日。
1．细节理解题。根据文章Oktoberfest部分中的“Each October, the city of Blumenau hosts one of the biggest and best Oktoberfests outside of Germany. Held in Pomerode Park since 1984, this festival is one of the most popular events in Brazil, attracting millions from around the world to experience some German culture in South America. For 17 days each October, you can enjoy traditional German food and beer, live music and performances.(每年10月，布鲁门瑙市都会举办德国以外规模最大、最好的啤酒节之一。这个节日自1984年以来一直在波默罗德公园举行，是巴西最受欢迎的活动之一，吸引了来自世界各地的数百万人在南美体验德国文化。在每年10月的17天里，你可以享受传统的德国美食和啤酒，欣赏现场音乐和表演。)”可知，在Oktoberfest节日中，游客们可以感受德国文化，也就是这个节日反映了德国文化。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Rock in Rio部分中的“This 10-day music festival is held each September in Rio de Janeiro and was started in 1985 by the famous Brazilian musician, Roberto Medina, to show Brazilian culture.(这个为期10天的音乐节每年9月在里约热内卢举行，由巴西著名音乐家罗伯托·梅迪纳于1985年发起，旨在展示巴西文化。)”、Oktoberfest部分中的“Held in Pomerode Park since 1984, this festival is one of the most popular events in Brazil, attracting millions from around the world to experience some German culture in South America. (这个节日自1984年以来一直在波默罗德公园举行，是巴西最受欢迎的活动之一，吸引了来自世界各地的数百万人在南美体验德国文化。)”、Parintins Folklore Festival部分中的“Held each June in Parintins since 1913, this unique festival celebrates local folklore through music and dance.(自1913年以来，这个独特的节日每年6月在帕林廷举行，通过音乐和舞蹈来庆祝当地的民间传说。)”以及Lollapalooza部分中的“Celebrating its 11th year in 2023, Lollapalooza is one of the largest and most well-known music festivals in Brazil. (到2023年，Lollapalooza音乐节将迎来第11个年头，它是巴西规模最大、最知名的音乐节之一。)”可知，这些节日中历史最为悠久的是Parintins Folklore Festival。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章Rock in Rio部分中的“This 10-day music festival is held each September in Rio de Janeiro and was started in 1985 by the famous Brazilian musician, Roberto Medina, to show Brazilian culture. Bringing together some of the biggest names in music and millions of fans all over the world, Rock in Rio is one of the most famous music festivals in the world.(这个为期10天的音乐节每年9月在里约热内卢举行，由巴西著名音乐家罗伯托·梅迪纳于1985年发起，旨在展示巴西文化。里约摇滚音乐节是世界上最著名的音乐节之一，汇集了一些音乐界的大腕和来自世界各地的数百万歌迷。)”以及Lollapalooza部分中的“For the most diverse music festival experience in Brazil, you need to check out Lollapalooza in São Paulo, where you can enjoy not just Brazilian music.(想要体验巴西最多样化的音乐节，你需要去São Paulo 的Lollapalooza音乐节，在那里你不仅可以享受巴西音乐。)”和“And you’re guaranteed to see some of the biggest names in the music industry.(你一定会看到一些音乐界的大腕。)”可知，在Rio de Janeiro和São Paulo，游客可以遇到了音乐大咖。故选D。
4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是一只小狗在失踪一个多月后又回到了家人身边。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Nanuq disappeared in March when Iwworrigan and her family went to see her uncle and aunt on another part of St. Lawrence Island.( Nanuq是三月份失踪的，当时Iwworrigan和她的家人去圣劳伦斯岛另一个地方看望她的叔叔和婶婶。)”可知，Nanuq是在主人一家去拜访亲戚时失踪的。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“About one month later, Iwworrigan said people in the town of Wales began posting photos of a dog they’ d found on social media. Her father showed her the photos and said the dog in the photos looked like Nanuq.(大约一个月后，Iwworrigan说，威尔士镇的人们开始在社交媒体上发布他们发现的一只狗的照片。她的父亲给她看了照片，说照片中的狗看起来像Nanuq。)”可知，Nanuq的归来离不开威尔士镇的人们的善举。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“If you look at a map, you can see that the town of Wales and St. Lawrence Island are separated by a lot of water. But in the winter, most of it freezes.(如果你看一下地图，你会发现威尔士镇和圣劳伦斯岛被很多水隔开。但在冬天，大部分都结冰了。)”可知，由于冬天水结了冰，Nanuq才可以在冰面上存活下来。所以This指代的是“冰冻的表面”。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The dog had been bitten by another animal but was in good shape after his long time away from home.(这只狗被另一只动物咬了，但在离家很长一段时间后，它的身体状况很好。)”可知，Nanuq受伤了，由此可推断，Nanuq在失踪期间发生了意外。故选B。
8．D 9．B 10．D 11．A

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们开始探索将浮动太阳能电池板放在水上，以及这种做法的利弊。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The raft usually has a space for workers to walk out and mend the panels, if needed. (如果需要的话，木筏通常有一个空间供工人走出去修理面板。)”可知，这些空间是供工人走出去修理面板的。故选D。
9．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“The researchers say there are about 6,256 cities like this around the world, and floating solar panels could provide all the electricity the cities need. (研究人员表示，全世界大约有6256个这样的城市，漂浮的太阳能电池板可以提供城市所需的所有电力。)”可知，下文指的是漂浮的太阳能电池板可以为小型的城市供城市所需的所有电力。由此可推测划线单词conducive词义和“有效、有用”相似。选项A“Affordable (可承担的)”；选项B“Useful (有用的)”； 选项C“Demanding (要求多的)”；选项D“Troublesome (讨厌的)”。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Solar panels work better when they’ re not extremely hot. The water helps cool the panels so that they create more energy. (太阳能电池板在不太热的情况下工作得更好。水可以帮助冷却面板，从而产生更多的能量。)”可知，由于太阳能电池板在不太热的情况下工作得更好，而浮动光伏固定在水面之上，由此可知，浮动光伏在某些时候更有效率。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, covering too much of a reservoir with panels could affect the plants and animals in the water. The scientists say it will be important to study how floating panels will affect water in each reservoir. Focusing first on man-made reservoirs and canals will avoid some of those problems. (然而，用太阳能板覆盖太多的水库可能会影响水中的植物和动物。科学家们表示，研究浮动面板如何影响每个水库中的水将是很重要的。首先关注人工水库和运河将避免其中一些问题。)”可知，浮动光伏是不完美的。故选A。
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能工具的强大，以及专家对此表示的担忧。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Most experts believe it will be many years before an AGI could possibly be created.(大多数专家认为，人工智能可能还需要很多年才能被创造出来。)”可知，大多数专家认为还需要很多年才能创造出AGI。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But really, ChatGPT is simply guessing—based on its training information—which word is most likely to come next, over and over again.(但实际上，ChatGPT只是根据它的训练信息来猜测，哪个词最有可能是下一个，反复出现。)”可知，从严格意义上说，ChatGPT只是根据它的训练信息进行猜测。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, some AI experts say the letter makes today’s AI tools sound more intelligent than they really are. Others say it’s more important to worry about real problems in current AI tools rather than imaginary ones in the future. Anyway, the letter has sent a strong warning that many people, including leaders, will be thinking about carefully.(然而，一些人工智能专家表示，这封信让今天的人工智能工具听起来比实际情况更智能。另一些人则表示，更重要的是担心当前人工智能工具的实际问题，而不是未来想象出来的问题。无论如何，这封信发出了一个强烈的警告，包括领导人在内的许多人都将仔细考虑。)”可判断，不是所有的人工智能专家都认同这封信的内容。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Most people have probably read a book or seen a movie or show about an AI (Artificial Intelligence) or robot that has become so smart that it can take over the world. The AI in stories like this is known as an AGI (Artificial General Intelligence). A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own. (大多数人可能读过或看过关于人工智能或机器人变得如此聪明以至于可以接管世界的书籍或电影或节目。像这样的故事中的人工智能被称为AGI(人工通用智能)。一个真正的AGI在许多不同的领域都是智能的，并且能够自主学习。)”，以及最后一段“However, some AI experts say the letter makes today’s AI tools sound more intelligent than they really are. Others say it’s more important to worry about real problems in current AI tools rather than imaginary ones in the future. Anyway, the letter has sent a strong warning that many people, including leaders, will be thinking about carefully. (然而，一些人工智能专家表示，这封信让今天的人工智能工具听起来比实际情况更智能。另一些人则表示，更重要的是担心当前人工智能工具的实际问题，而不是未来想象出来的问题。无论如何，这封信发出了一个强烈的警告，包括领导人在内的许多人都将仔细考虑。)”可知，文章主要讨论了人工智能工具是否变得过于强大。故选D。
16．D 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们获得所需的休息。
16．根据空前“Trying to get a great night’s sleep is often harder than it looks.(想要睡个好觉通常比看起来要难。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是想要睡个好觉很难。而下文“On the other hand, a large part of the population spends hours twisting and turning until they can get to sleep.(另一方面，很大一部分人花费数小时辗转反侧，直到他们能够入睡。)”则讲述的是有大部分人很难入睡。选项D“Some people can fall asleep as soon as their head hits the pillow.(有些人头一碰到枕头就睡着了。)”指的是有些人很好入睡，和空后的“on the other hand”形成对比，符合下文内容。故选D。
17．根据空前内容“However, a large factor that plays into lack of sleep is stress.(然而，导致睡眠不足的一个重要因素是压力。)”可知，压力会导致睡眠不足。选项F“You may find it harder to rest because your mind is racing with worries.(你可能会发现很难休息，因为你的脑子里充满了担忧。)”延续上文内容，指的都是压力会导致我们很难入睡。故选F。
18．根据空后内容“We suggest you create the best environment with what works for you. For example, if you need complete darkness, we recommend you fix some supreme shades rather than standard curtains.(我们建议你用对你有用的东西来创造最好的环境。例如，如果你需要完全的黑暗，我们建议你安装一些超级窗帘，而不是标准的窗帘。)”可知，下文讲述的是可以创造一个适合自己的环境以帮助自己入睡。选项G“Some people need a very quiet and dark room in order to sleep peacefully.(有些人需要一个非常安静和黑暗的房间才能安然入睡。)”与下文内容一致，指的是要打造一个适合入睡的环境。故选G。
19．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“If you want to get the best night’s sleep, stay away from things like alcohol and caffeine. Similarly, you should avoid any large or heavy meals just before going to bed as you want to ensure you digest your food properly.(如果你想获得最好的睡眠，远离像酒精和咖啡因这样的东西。同样，你应该避免在睡觉前吃太饱或太多的食物，因为你想确保你的食物消化得很好。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是饮食和睡眠的关系。选项A“Be mindful of your diet.(注意你的饮食。)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
20．根据上文内容“Cut down on screen time. In our digital world, we spend most of our day staring at screens. At the end of the night, you may want to relax by visiting social media or watching a TV show. However, the light sent out from these screens can make you feel more awake.(减少看屏幕的时间。在我们的数字世界里，我们每天大部分时间都盯着屏幕。晚上结束时，你可能想通过浏览社交媒体或看电视节目来放松一下。然而，这些屏幕发出的光会让你感觉更清醒。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是减少看屏幕的时间。选项C“Instead, we recommend picking up a great book.(相反，我们建议你读一本好书。)”中的“instead”与上文内容形成转折，同时引出下文，建议我们减少看屏幕的时间，读一本好书。故选C。

21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次和邻居聊天时，邻居的一番话让作者明白，有时候身边寻常的事也会不复存在。所以，我们要学会珍惜。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到，我的大多数邻居都比我大几十岁。A. regretful后悔的、遗憾的；B. aware明白、意识到；C. worried担忧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“most of my neighbors were decades older than me”可知，这是作者意识到的事情。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几个星期里，大多数邻居都走过来欢迎我。A. comfort安慰；B. persuade劝服；C. accompany陪伴；D. welcome欢迎。根据常理可知，作者刚刚搬到一个新的地方，所以邻居是过来欢迎作者。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的隔壁邻居Kay是个例外，据说她是个聋子。A. exception例外；B. priority优先；C. enthusiast热心人；D. witness见证。根据下文内容可知，作者的隔壁邻居在一个月之后，才欢迎作者的到来。由此可知，邻居和其他人不一样，是个例外。故选A。
24．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一个月后的一天晚上，当我下班回到家时，Kay示意我到她家去。A. clean up清理；B. search for寻找；C. come into进入；D. watch over看守。根据下文“She’d made roasted chicken and wanted me to ___5___ her for supper.”可知，作者隔壁的邻居做了烤鸡，邀请作者一起吃晚饭，由此可知，作者回到家时，Kay应该是示意作者到她家里去。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她做了烤鸡，想让我和她一起吃晚饭。A. prepare准备；B. join加入；C. forgive原谅；D. praise表扬。根据下文“The supper was delicious”可知，作者隔壁邻居是邀请作者共进晚餐。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：晚餐很美味，但是她那刺耳的助听器很烦人。A. annoying令人恼怒的；B. scary令人害怕的；C. amusing有趣的；D. practical实际的。空处为原词重现，根据下文“The next time you hear an annoying noise like the neighbor’s dog barking, don’t be annoyed.”可知，助听器的声音是刺耳的，所以很烦人。故选A。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她把它拿掉，尖叫声立刻停止了。A. strangely奇怪地；B. randomly任意地；C. unexpectedly意外地；D. immediately立即。根据上文“She removed it”可知 ，助听器一拿走，声音就立即没有了。故选D。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她把手放在我的手上说：“亲爱的，你有没有想过，为什么我是个聋子，还戴着助听器？”A. know知道；B. comment评论；C. wonder想知道；D. remember记得。根据下文“why I wear a hearing aid even though I’m deaf?”以及“I nodded”可推测，Kay问作者是否想知道原因，作者点点头。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点了点头，她开始解释。A. explain解释；B. argue争论；C. appeal吸引、呼吁；D. analyse分析。故选A。根据上文“Then she put her hand on top of mine and said, “Dear, do you ever ___8___ why I wear a hearing aid even though I’m deaf?”” 以及“I nodded”可知，Kay问作者是否想知道自己佩戴助听器的原因，而作者点了头。由此可推断，Kay是开始解释原因。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每隔一段时间，如果我转过头，风恰好从正确的方向吹来，我的助听器就会发出尖叫。A. back后背；B. head头；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根据下文“the wind happens to come from the right direction”可知，Kay是转头的时候，风正好从某个方向吹来，这时候作者的助听器就会尖叫。故选B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在耳聋成为现实的生活中，我喜欢那些能再次听到声音的时刻，哪怕只有几秒钟。A. option选择；B. reminder提醒物；C. strength力气；D. reality现实。根据上文“However, my next-door neighbour Kay, who was said to be deaf, was a (n) ___3___.”可知，Kay是个聋子，所以对她而言，耳聋是现实。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是最美妙的感觉。A. feeling感觉；B. excuse借口；C. memory记忆；D. promise承诺。根据下文内容“Like me, the day may come when you would give anything to be able to ___14___ those noises again.”可知，Kay愿意不惜一切代价再次听到声音，所以这种声音对她而言是美妙的感觉。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这算是一件幸事吧。A. appointment约定；B. adventure探险；C. blessing祝福、幸运的事；D. secret秘密。根据下文内容“Like me, the day may come when you would give anything to be able to ___14___ those noises again.”可知，Kay愿意不惜一切代价再次听到声音，所以对她而言，能够听到声音是一件幸运的事情。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许有一天，你们会像我一样，为了能再次听到那些声音，不惜一切代价。A. keep保持；B. hear听到；C. tolerate忍受；D. control控制。根据上文“I love the moments when, even for a few seconds, I can hear again”可知，她愿意付出一切听到这个声音。故选B。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢Kay，她帮助我培养了更好的生活态度。A. polite友好的；B. similar相似的；C. faithful忠诚的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文“who helped me develop a better attitude towards life”可知，作者认为Kay帮助自己培养了更好的生活态度，所以她对Kay是抱有感激的态度的。故选D。

36．using 37．an 38．who 39．closest 40．on 41．globally 42．its 43．production 44．to bring 45．was cooked

【导语】本文是一篇新闻。文章主要报道了一家澳大利亚公司利用猛犸象的基因信息制造出了实验室培育的肉。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：一家澳大利亚公司利用猛犸象的基因信息制造出了实验室培育的肉。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，动词“use”和主语“an Australian company”之间存在主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填using。
37．考查冠词。句意：“这不是愚人节的玩笑，”这家澳大利亚公司的创始人Tim Noakesmith说。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词April为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
38．考查定语从句。句意：“这不是愚人节的玩笑，”这家澳大利亚公司的创始人Tim Noakesmith说。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“Tim Noakesmith”，关系词在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用who。故填who。
39．考查最高级。句意：这家名为Vow的公司将猛犸象和非洲象的基因信息结合起来，非洲象被视为猛犸象现存的最近的近亲。根据句意可知，非洲象是猛犸象现存的最近的亲戚，用最高级。故填closest。
40．考查固定短语。句意 ：在实验室里，细胞的数量会不断增加，直到有足够的数量来制作肉丸。固定短语：on the increase，意为“不断增加”。故填on。
41．考查副词。句意：全球有100多家公司正在研发实验室培育的肉制品。担当句子状语用副词形式。故填globally。
42．考查代词。句意：Vow希望今年晚些时候能在那里销售第一款产品——实验室培育的日本鹌鹑肉。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰空后的名词。故填its。
43．考查名词。句意：Vow不打算把这个巨大的肉丸投入生产。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，和空前的“put”可知，构成固定搭配：put…into production，意为“将……投入生产”。故填production。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，该公司创建它是为了引起人们的关注，让人们谈论肉类的未来。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to bring。
45．考查时态和语态。句意：然而，肉丸是煮熟的，人们可以闻到它。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文并列句的时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“the meatball”，单数，和动词“cook”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was cooked。
46．Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing to invite you to go with me to the kite festival to be held in the forest park of our city this weekend.
It’s said that various activities have been organized for this festival. There will be a brief introduction to the history and development of kites. Besides, kite-flying shows will be put on. Better still, visitors can also have a chance to learn to make a kite by themselves.
I’m sure you can enjoy yourself at the festival. Please don’t miss it! Looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的邀请信。要求考生向外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，邀请其一起前往本周末将在市森林公园举办的风筝节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：various→ a variety of
此外：besides → what’s more
更好的是：better still → what’s better
机会：chance→ opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to invite you to go with me to the kite festival to be held in the forest park of our city this weekend.
拓展句：I’m writing to invite you to go with me to the kite festival which will be held in the forest park of our city this weekend.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s said that various activities have been organized for this festival.（运用了that引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure you can enjoy yourself at the festival.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
47．Peter shouted for help, but in vain(徒劳). Because it was dark and cold, there was no one around who could hear him calling out for help. Gradually, Peter’s arms ached and became numb. Even so, he didn’t remove his finger from the hole. He tried to whistle to encourage himself, but he couldn’t because he was trembling with cold. He thought about his brothers and sisters who must be sleeping in their warm beds and also of his father and mother who must believe he was staying with his blind friend for the night. He thought he would never be able to see them again. A little sad, he fell asleep in the end.
Early the next morning, a man going for work heard Peter’s groan(呻吟). He found Peter was holding firmly to the side of the great wall. He came down to Peter’s side. Gathering all his strength, Peter informed him about the hole in a very low voice. Soon the alarm was spread and people came running to mend the hole. They also wrapped Peter with a thick blanket and sent him to hospital. All the people praised Peter for his bravery as he saved the whole country from drowning that night.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个勇敢的小男孩冒着生命危险救下一个国家的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Peter大声呼救，但没有用。”以及第二段首句内容“第二天一大早，一个去上班的人听到了Peter的呻吟声。”可知，第一段可描写Peter大声呼救，但是没有人听见，于是Peter用自己的手指堵住了洞。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天一大早，一个去上班的人听到了Peter的呻吟声。”可知，第二段可描写Peter得救了，而他的所作所为也救了整个国家的人。
2.续写线索：Peter从小就明白堤坝的重要性——发现堤坝上有个洞——Peter意识到问题的严重性——Peter将自己的手指伸进洞里，堵上了小洞——Peter呼救无果，苦苦等待了一夜——次日一早，终于有人发现了Peter，救下了他，而他救下了一个国家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①努力、试图：try to do/make every effort to do
②呼救：call out for help/cry out for help
③修理：mend/fix
情绪类
①鼓励：encourage/spur/inspire
②伤心的：sad/unhappy/downhearted
【点睛】【高分句型1】He thought about his brothers and sisters who must be sleeping in their warm beds and also of his father and mother who must believe he was staying with his blind friend for the night.（运用了who引导的定语从句和省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】All the people praised Peter for his bravery as he saved the whole country from drowning that night.（运用了as引导的状语从句）