高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures知识点教案及反思

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures知识点教案及反思，共15页。教案主要包含了词汇短语，语法知识等内容，欢迎下载使用。
选择性必修二 Unit 2 Bridging cultures【词汇短语】1. Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China ... (P14) 谢蕾在中国一所大学攻读商科……qualification  /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/  n. （通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历【搭配】acquire/gain/obtain qualifications  获得资格have (no) qualifications for (doing) sth. = have (no) qualifications to do sth.  （没）有做某事的资格【例句】Finally, he gained a qualification.  最终，他获得了资格。He has qualifications for teaching English. = He has qualifications to teach English.他有教英语的资格。A victory in this game will earn them a qualification for the World Cup.这场比赛的胜利将使他们取得世界杯的参赛资格。【拓展】qualify  vt. & vi. （使）具备资格；（使）合格qualify as ...  取得……资格  qualify sb. for ...  使某人能胜任……qualify sb. to do ...  使某人有资格做……qualified  adj. 具备……资历；符合资格  be qualified to do sth.  有资格做某事【例句】He qualified as a doctor last year.  他去年取得了当一名医生的资格。Neither his training nor his experience qualified him for his job as a railway engineer.他所受的训练和他的经验都不能使他胜任铁路工程师的工作。Having read the job advertisement, he wondered whether he was qualified to apply for it.读了这个招聘广告，他想知道他是否有资格来申请这份工作。2. My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation ... (P14)我的志向是毕业后在中国创办一家企业……ambition  /æmˈbɪʃn/  n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负【搭配】achieve/realize one’s ambition  实现某人的理想an ambition to do sth./of doing sth.  想做某事的愿望【例句】He had finally realized his ambition to become/of becoming a famous writer.他最终实现了自己的夙愿，成了著名的作家。Ambition never dies until there is no way out.  [谚]不到黄河心不死。【拓展】ambitious  adj. 有野心的；有雄心的be ambitious for ...  渴望获得……  be ambitious to do sth.  渴望做某事【例句】They were very ambitious for their children.  他们望子成龙心切。3. ..., Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new culture. (P14)……，谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭——有助于她适应异国文化。adaptation  /ˌædæpˈteɪʃn/  n. 适应；改编本【搭配】adaptation to  对……适应【例句】She made adaptation to the environment here, which made her parents delighted.她适应了这里的环境，这让她的父母高兴。This musical play was based on an adaptation of a famous book.这部音乐剧是根据一本著名的书作改编而成的。【拓展】adapt  vi. & vt. 适应（新情况）  vt. 改编；改写adapt to  适应……       adapt oneself to ...  使……适应……adaptable  adj. 能适应的，有适应能力的4. Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ participation in class as part of the final result. (P15)此外，谢蕾发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。participation  /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/  n. 参加；参与【例句】We want more participation in the decision-making.  我们想更多地参与决策。 A leg injury is preventing him from participation in the competition.腿部受伤使他不能参加比赛。【拓展】participate  vi. 参加；参与  participate in ...  参与……        participant  n. 参与者【例句】Last spring, I was lucky enough to be chosen to participate in a cultural exchange program.去年春天我非常幸运，被选中参加了一个文化交流项目。5. Students need to generate ideas, offer examples, apply concepts, and raise questions, as well as give presentations. (P15)学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题，并且还要进行展示。presentation  /ˌpreznˈteɪʃn/  n. 报告；陈述；出示；拿出【搭配】give a presentation / presentations  做报告/进行陈述【例句】The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.演讲者就城市交通进行了有趣的陈述。The presentation of prizes began after the speeches.  讲话结束后就开始颁奖了。【拓展】present  vt. 授予，颁发，赠送；提交；阐述present sth. to sb./sth.  向某人提交某物；把某物授予/颁给/赠给某人/某物【例句】The principal presented a diploma to each of the graduates.校长把毕业证书颁发给每一位毕业生。6. ..., but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. (P15) ……但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。speak up  大声点说；明确表态【例句】Please speak up — we can’t hear you at the back.请你大声点说——我们在后面听不见。If anyone has a better idea, please speak up. 谁如果有更好的主意，请大胆地说出来。 【拓展】look up  查阅；向上看        take up  占据；开始从事bring up  提出；养育          pick up  学会；捡起；拾起；接电话Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. (P15)  一年的交换生生涯现已过半，谢蕾感觉在英国过得轻松自如多了。feel at home  舒服自在；不拘束【例句】The warm atmosphere makes the customers feel at home.这种温馨的气氛让顾客宾至如归。Though he seldom appeared on the stage, he felt at home this time.尽管他很少在舞台上露面，这次（在台上）他感觉很自在。【拓展】make oneself at home  别客气；随便【例句】Please sit down and make yourself at home.   请坐，像在自己家一样。8. “Engaging in British culture has helped,” she said. (P15)“融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”她说。engage  /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/  vi. 参加；参与（活动）  vt. 吸引（注意力、兴趣）【搭配】engage in ...  （使）从事；参与  engage sb. as .../to do sth.  聘请某人作为……/做某事engage sb.’s interest/attention  吸引某人的兴趣/注意力【例句】Only 10% of American adults engage in (doing) regular exercise.只有10%的美国成年人定期进行锻炼。I have engaged a secretary to deal with all my paperwork.我雇用了一名秘书来处理我全部的文书工作。If a book doesn’t engage my interest in the first few pages, I won’t read it.如果一本书的前几页不能引起我的兴趣，我就不会再读它了。【拓展】engaged  adj. 忙于，从事于；已订婚  engagement  n. 订婚；约会，预约 9. As well as studying hard, I’ve been involved in social activities. (P15)努力学习之余，我还参加了一些社交活动。involve  /ɪnˈvɒlv/  vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加【例句】We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。The job involved me travelling all over the world.  那份工作需要我在世界各地来往。【拓展】involved  adj. 参与，有关联           be/get involved in ...  参与……；与……有关  be involved with/in ...  专注于……involvement  n. 参与；投入【例句】Children can get a lot out of being involved in voluntary work.孩子们通过参加志愿者工作会学到很多东西。10. I became more motivated, and I’m also a lot more ambitious now! (P16)我越来越积极了，现在也雄心勃勃多了！motivated  /ˈməʊtɪveɪtɪd/  adj. 积极的；主动的【例句】You feel motivated if you work on a hot issue and get a lot of attention and responses.当你着手处理一个热门事件，获得许多关注和回应时，你会感到很积极。【拓展】motivate  vt. 成为……的动机；激发；激励motivate sb. to do sth.  激励某人做某事  motivation  n. 动力；积极性；动机motivation for (doing) sth.  （做）某事的动机【例句】Our teachers always motivate us to seek knowledge by ourselves.我们的老师总是激励我们自己寻求知识。What was your motivation for becoming a teacher?  你为什么当了老师？11. The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad. (P17)顾问谈到在国外学习时要保持合理的期望。expectation  /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/  n. 期望；预期；期待 【搭配】expectations of ...  对……的期望  with expectations  怀着希望live up to/meet (one’s) expectations  达到（某人的）期望，如（某人）所愿in (the) expectation of ...  预计会有……，预料……【例句】Some people have totally unrealistic expectations of both medical and nursing staff.有些人对医护人员的期望完全不切实际。In expectation of a traffic jam, I decided to walk.  我预料会堵车，于是决定步行。【拓展】expected  adj. 预料的，预期的  unexpected  adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的unexpectedly  adv. 出乎意料地；始料不及地12. Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm? (P17) 谁将是律师事务所暑期工作的成功申请人？applicant  /ˈæplɪkənt/  n. 申请人【例句】There are many applicants for the job.  申请这份工作的人很多。I don’t think the applicant is suitable for the post.我认为这个申请人不适合这个岗位。【拓展】apply  vt. 应用，使用  vi. & vt. 申请     apply ... to ...  把……应用于……apply (to ...) for ...  （向……）申请……apply to do sth.  申请做某事application  n. 应用，运用；申请，请求，申请书，申请表【例句】His application for membership of the organization was rejected.他对该组织会员资格的申请被拒绝了。13. Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. (P17)接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对世界有深刻的了解。exposure  /ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)/  n. 接触；体验；暴露；揭露 【例句】The visit to German gave them exposure to the language.德国之行使他们有机会接触到德语。The paint came off as a result of exposure to the rain.  油漆因受雨淋而脱落了。Her new movie has had a lot of exposure in the media.  她的新片在媒体有很多报道。【拓展】expose  vt. 使接触；使体验；暴露；使暴露于（险境）expose sb. to sth.  使某人接触/体验/遭受……【例句】We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。14. This is her confusion. (P17)这是她的困惑。confusion  /kənˈfjuːʒn/  n. 困惑；混淆【搭配】in confusion  困窘地【例句】He looked at me in confusion and did not answer the question.他困窘地看着我，并没有回答这个问题。【拓展】confuse  vt. 使迷惑；（将……）混淆  confuse A with/and B  将A和B混淆confused  adj. 迷惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的，混乱的be confused about  对……感到困惑  confusing  adj. 难以理解的，不清楚的【例句】I’m still a bit confused about what happened.  我对发生的事仍然有点不解。The children gave a confused account of what had happened.孩子们把发生的事叙述得颠三倒四。15. Well, I suppose it was difficult to grasp the tones at first. (P19)好吧，我认为一开始很难掌握音调。grasp  /ɡrɑːsp/  vt. 理解；领会；抓紧  【例句】At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.在那时，我们没有完全明白所发生之事的重要性。Nick had grasped that something was wrong.  尼克已经知道出问题了。He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.  他热情地抓住我的手握了起来。I grasped the opportunity to return to my motherland to work.我毫不犹豫地抓住了回祖国工作的机会。Don’t let the situation escape from your grasp.  别让局面失去控制。Steve has a good grasp of the European legal system.史蒂夫对欧洲的法律体系非常了解。16. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. (P20)在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。behave  /bɪˈheɪv/  vt. 表现  vi. & vt. 表现得体；有礼貌【搭配】behave oneself  守规矩，表现得体  behave well/badly  表现得好/不好【例句】We all have respect for him, for he behaves like a true gentleman.我们都很尊敬他，因为他的行为像个真正的绅士。Tom, behave yourself while I’m away.  汤姆，我不在家时你要乖乖的。【拓展】behaviour (=behavior)  n. 举止，行为17. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. (P20) 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。surroundings  /səˈraʊndɪŋz/  n. [pl.] 环境；周围的事物【例句】Happiness comes from your heart, not from your surroundings.幸福源于你的内心，而不是你周围的事物。The house is situated in very beautiful surroundings.  那所房子所处的环境非常优美。【拓展】surrounding  adj. 周围的；附近的              surround  vt. 包围；环绕be surrounded by/with ...  被……环绕着；周围都是……【例句】China’s rapid progress will bring development opportunities to the surrounding countries.中国的快速发展将给周边国家带来发展机遇。18. Other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. (P20)另一些学生则还不够成熟，无法独立应付各种挑战，因而感到苦闷。depressed  /dɪˈprest/  adj. 沮丧的；意志消沉的【例句】Jack failed to be admitted to his dream university and felt quite depressed.杰克没有被他梦想的大学录取，他感到很沮丧。Taking a positive attitude is better than losing hope and getting depressed.采取积极的态度比失去希望和变得沮丧更好。【拓展】depress  vt. 使沮丧；使忧愁depression  n. 抑郁，沮丧，消沉；萧条期，不景气；抑郁症depressing  adj. 令人沮丧的，令人消沉的（常用来形容事物）【例句】Wet weather always depresses me.  阴雨天总使我心情抑郁。19. ... helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country. (P20) ……助力培养为经济做贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。strengthen  /ˈstreŋθn/  vi. & vt. 加强；增强；巩固【例句】Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.  我们的友谊逐年加深。Her position in the party has strengthened in recent weeks.最近几个星期以来，她在党内的地位有所增强。The wind strengthened during the night.  夜里风力更大了。【拓展】strength  n. 力气，体力；优势【例句】He pushed against the rock with all his strength.  他用全力推那块石头。 It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again.可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。20. To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, ... (P20)综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。deny  /dɪˈnaɪ/  vt. 否认；否定；拒绝【搭配】deny (doing) sth.  否认（做）某事  deny+that从句  否认……It can’t be denied that ...=There is no denying that ...  不可否认……deny sb. sth.=deny sth. to sb.  拒绝给某人某物【例句】He denied having seen these watches before.  他否认见过这些手表。He denied that it was his fault.  他否认这是他的过错。It can’t be denied that we need to devote more resources to this problem.不可否认，我们必须投入更多的资源来解决这个问题。There is no denying that Taiwan is a beautiful island.不可否认，台湾是座美丽的岛屿。21. ... there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard! (P20)……对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世上无难事！optimistic  /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/  adj. 乐观的 【搭配】be optimistic about/that ...  对……乐观【例句】Nancy is not optimistic about the result of the exam.南希对考试的结果不乐观。People who have an optimistic view on life are more likely to live longer.对生活持乐观态度的人可能更长寿。【拓展】optimism  n. 乐观（主义）  optimist  n. 乐观（主义）者  optimistically  adv. 乐观地22. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. (P20)你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。gain  /ɡeɪn/  vt. 获得；赢得；取得；增加  n. 好处；增加【搭配】gain experience/fame/independence  获得经验/名声/独立gain one’s respect/trust  赢得某人的尊敬/信任gain (sth.) from/by ...  从……中受（……）益【例句】He has gained rich experience in teaching these years.这些年他已获得了丰富的教学经验。My experience tells me that only when we respect others can we gain others’ respect.我的经验告诉我，我们只有尊重别人才能赢得别人的尊重。Who will gain from this decision?  谁将从这一决定中受益呢？Regular exercise helps us prevent weight gain.  定期锻炼有助于我们防止体重增加。23. Which parent would you probably side with? (P21) 你会站在父母中哪一边？side with  支持；站在……的一边【例句】He sided with his brother in the argument.  他在辩论中站在他兄弟这边。Most of the countries are siding with China in fighting against COVID-19.在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎中，大多数国家支持中国。【拓展】take sides  表明立场；表示支持一方         side by side  并排，并肩地be on sb.’s side  站在某人一边，和某人观点一致【例句】I’m on your side at the point.  在这一点上我站在你这一边。Despite my friendship with Frank, I tried not to take sides in his argument with his brother.  尽管我和弗兰克是朋友，我却尽量在他们兄弟的争吵中不帮任何一方。24. generally speaking (P21)一般来说generally speaking  一般来说【例句】Generally speaking, a good education is regarded as a ticket to success.一般来说，好的教育被视为通向成功的敲门砖。【拓展】frankly speaking (=to be frank)  坦白地说  strictly speaking  严格说来honestly speaking (=to be honest)  老实说  personally speaking  就个人而言exactly speaking (=to be exact)  准确地说【例句】Personally speaking, I don’t think much of the idea.就个人而言，我认为这个主意不怎么样。
【语法知识】名词性从句1. 主语从句(1)  主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.以前看似奇怪的事情现在对谢蕾来说显得十分平常了。How he can learn to appreciate Chinese culture more deeply remains an important goal for him.  如何学会更深入地欣赏中国文化仍然是他的一个重要目标。Why the school denied his application is still unknown.学校拒绝他申请的原因还不清楚。During this period, whatever people experience is fresh and exciting to them.在此期间，人们所经历的一切对他们来说都是新鲜和刺激的。(2)  that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不可省略。That he was forgetting his mother tongue worried him a bit.他正在忘记自己的母语，这使他有点担心。(3)  whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用it作形式主语。It remains to be seen whether my research paper will be well received.我的研究论文是否会受到好评还有待观察。Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.=It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.这项工作能否按时完成还不确定。(4)  若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主语从句放于后面。It’s important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life.谢蕾在学习和社交生活之间保持平衡是很重要的。It is necessary that people should learn to face the reality.人们应该学会面对现实，这是很有必要的。表语从句(1)  表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。The question is who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm.问题是谁能成功申请到这家律师事务所的暑期工作。What John Snow was determined to find out was why the 1854 outbreak of cholera in London could have caused over 500 deaths within ten days.约翰·斯诺决心要弄清楚为什么1854年伦敦爆发的霍乱会在十天内造成500多人死亡。Taking a year off from school to travel abroad is what is generally called a gap year.从学校休学一年出国旅游通常被称为间隔年。(2)  that在引导表语从句时无词义，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，不可以省略。One theory was that bad air caused the disease.一种理论认为是糟糕的空气导致了这种疾病。The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们还是不够先进。(3)  whether可引导表语从句，但if却通常不用于引导表语从句。Her confusion is whether she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way.她的困惑是她应该坚持自己的生活方式，还是遵循美国的生活方式。(4)  引导表语从句的引导词还可用because, as if, as though, as。It seems as if it is going to rain soon.  似乎很快就要下雨了。宾语从句(1) 在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。Her tutor explained that she was supposed to read lots of information to help form a wise opinion of her own.她的导师解释说，她应该阅读大量的信息来帮助形成自己的明智的观点。Why don’t you come back next week to tell me how you’re doing?你何不下周再来告诉我你过得怎么样？You can watch some movies and study how people speak.你可以看一些电影，学习人们如何说话。I only support whoever is right.  我只支持对的人。I don’t know if you can help me.  我不知道你是否能帮助我。I wonder why he asked me to come.  我想知道他为什么叫我来。(2)  that引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。She said (that) she would come here and that I should wait for her till Monday.她说她将会来这儿并让我等到星期一。(3)  宾语从句中只用whether不用if的情况。· 在whether ... or not的固定搭配中，只用whether。I don’t know whether they could pass the exam or not.我不知道他们是否能通过考试。  · 在介词后，只能用whether。I am not interested in whether they believe in me or not.我对他们是否信任我不感兴趣。(4)  带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。We find it necessary that we practise spoken English every day.我们发现每天练习英语口语是有必要的。(5)  宾语从句的否定转移：think，believe，suppose，imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。I don’t think we need to waste much time on it.我想我们不必在这上面浪费太多时间。I don’t believe he can remember the 100 words in two hours.我不相信他能在两小时内记住这100个单词。