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四川省绵阳市2020年中考英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份四川省绵阳市2020年中考英语试题（含解析），共20页。
绵阳市2020年高中阶段学校招生暨初中学业水平考试
英语
本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。试题卷共8页，答题卡共2页。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米的黑色墨迹签字笔填写在答题卡上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考点、考场号。
2. 选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色墨迹签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
3.考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(选择题)
第一节:阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Life is competitive - some kids can do something faster or better than other kids. This might not seem fair, but all people are different and how well you can do something is different to others. This means there are “winners" and “losers", and lots of people are neither winners nor losers but in-between. You can choose to be a good winner or an even better loser whether you are competing against others or yourself.
Being a “good” winner
No one likes a “show off”.
No one likes someone who takes all the praise for the efforts of a team.
No one likes people who put others down to make themselves look good.
To be a good winner you need to:
◆Be modest(谦虚).
◆ Thank those who helped you for their efforts.
◆ Keep trying to improve your skills.
◆Aim for the next step up in whatever you are doing well.
Being an even better loser
Of course it’s disappointing to lose, especially if you are close to winning. Behaving badly or angrily, name-calling and going on about things being “unfair” won’t change the final result and will only make you look like a bad sport. And no one likes bad sports either.
To be an even better loser you need to :
◆ Behave politely, nicely and kindly.
◆ Congratulate the other team.
◆ Keep any negative (消极的) thoughts to yourself - at least until you are away from the game.
It’s Ok to let out your negative thoughts to your best friend or parents later. And if you don’t do very well in a game, try harder to learn for the next one. Improving yourself makes you a winner too.
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. We are either losers or winners.
B. We should face winning and losing properly.
C. We can do nothing about winning and losing.
D. We are always competing with others not ourselves.
2. What should a better loser do when losing?
A. Let out his anger to his parents at once.
B. Express his negative feelings in the game.
C. Try harder to improve himself in the next game.
D. Behave badly to his team members or competitors.
3. Which one is not proper if we succeed?
A. Going on improving our skills.
B. Telling our team members to aim higher.
C. Thanking our team members for their efforts.
D. Putting down others to make ourselves look good.
4. Who is probably a bad sport?
A. Tom keeps saying the game is unfair when he loses.
B. Jim encourages his teammates after their team loses.
C. Anna thanks her coach for what he has done though she fails.
D. Cindy shows her congratulations to other competitors even if she fails.
5. What is the passage written for?
A. Telling us what we can learn from losing.
B. Offering advice on what we can do to win.
C. Encouraging us to become a winner instead of a loser.
D. Giving advice on how to deal with winning and losing.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文，文章就如何应对输赢给出了一些建议，自己可以选择成为一个好的赢家或一个更好的输家。
【1题详解】
判断推理题。第一段主要介绍了生活中充满了竞争，很多人既不是赢家也不是输家，而是介于两者之间，所以无论是与别人还是与自己竞争，任何人都可以选择成为一个好的赢家或一个更好的输家，从中可以推断出我们应该正确地面对输赢，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“And if you don’t do very well in a game, try harder to learn for the next one.”可知如果在一场比赛中表现不佳，那就更加努力地为下一场比赛学习，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据To be a good winner you need to部分中“Thank those who helped you for their efforts.”和“Keep trying to improve your skills.”以及“Aim for the next step up in whatever you are doing well.”可知要成为一个好的赢家，需要感谢那些提供帮助的人、不断提高自己的技能以及着眼于下一个目标等，所以选项A、B和C是恰当做法。根据Being a “good” winner部分中“No one likes people who put others down to make themselves look good.”可知没有人喜欢为了自己好看而贬低别人的人，所以选项D是不恰当的做法。题目要求选择不恰当的做法，故选D。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据Being an even better loser部分中“Behaving badly or angrily, name-calling and going on about things being “unfair” won’t change the final result and will only make you look like a bad sport.”可知表现不佳，辱骂或者继续说一些“不公平”的事情不会改变最终的结果，只会让你看起来像个不受欢迎的人，故选A。
【5题详解】
写作目的题。文章介绍了生活中充满了竞争，很多人既不是赢家也不是输家，而是介于两者之间，所以无论是与别人还是与自己竞争，任何人都可以选择成为一个好的赢家或一个更好的输家；接下来文章重点就如何成为一个好的赢家和一个更好的输家分别提出了一些注意事项和建议，故选D。
B
Zhang Jiacheng, aged 14, is a one-armed boy who recently became an online star because of a short video of him playing basketball. Now, news on the boy has reached NBA player Stephen Curry.
“Who is this kid? Help me find him! He is so cute ,” posted Curry on Weibo. Later that day, Zhang replied to Curry, “Hello, Curry! I am a big fan of yours. I love you so much because you achieved a lot although you are not one of the big guys in the NBA.
Zhang also talked about his favorite CBA players Yi Jianlian of Guangdong and Guo Ailun of Liaoning. In fact, Yi had already noticed Zhang. Having shared his video, Yi posted on Weibo, “Your heart is always the strongest part of your body.” Yi’s former national teammate Zhu Fangyu also reposted the video, commenting (评论), “I have never seen any kid play basketball better than him. We want to invite him to visit our team.” Former CBA player Wang Jing spoke highly of his performance, “Your right hand has been taken away, but you have the most powerful left hand.”
His perfect moves make it even harder to believe that this kid learned these skills in less than two years. Be it rainy or windy, Zhang never stops playing basketball. He has posted 13 videos of him developing basketball skills and earned almost one million likes. “Give it a try, or give it up," Zhang believed. Zhang said his dream is to become a professional basketball player in the future. By the way he plays, you know he is serious.
6. Who didn’t comment on Zhang?
A. Guo Ailun. B. Yi Jianlian. C. Stephen Curry. D. Zhu Fangyu.
7. Which comment can describe Zhang best?
A. Help me find him! He is so cute.
B. We want to invite him to visit our team.
C. Your heart is always the strongest part of your body.
D. Your right hand has been taken away, but you have the most powerful left hand.
8. What does the underlined sentence probably mean in the last paragraph?
A. He takes Zhu Fangyu’s words seriously.
B. He hurts himself seriously in playing basketball.
C. He finds it hard to be a professional basketball player.
D. He really wants to be a professional basketball player.
9. Why is Zhang highly praised?
A. Many stars like him.
B. He has millions of fans.
C. He is one-armed but he learned to play basketball.
D. He has strong will and wonderful basketball skills.
10. What can we learn from Zhang?
A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Never give up your dream.
C. A good beginning is half done. D. Failure is the mother of success.
【答案】6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B
【解析】
本文主要讲了张家成是一个独臂男孩，他不放弃自己的篮球梦想。他受到了NBA球员斯蒂芬·库里，CBA明星易建联及朱芳雨，前CBA球员王晶的高度赞扬， 他已经发布了13个关于他发展篮球技能的视频，并赢得了近100万个赞。他的梦想是将来成为一名职业篮球运动员。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Who is this kid? Help me find him! He is so cute , posted Curry on Weibo. ”及第三段内容“Yi posted on Weibo, Your heart is always the strongest part of your body. Yi’s former national teammate Zhu Fangyu also reposted the video, commenting (评论), I have never seen any kid play basketball better than him. We want to invite him to visit our team.”可知，斯蒂芬·库里，易建联及朱芳雨都对张家成进行了评论；结合选项可知，郭艾伦没有做出评论。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据本文主要讲了张家成是一个独臂男孩，他不放弃自己的篮球梦想，并受到了篮球明星们的高度赞扬。所以最能描述张家成的一句话应该是“你的心永远是你身体最强壮的部分”这能充分说明他内心不放弃梦想，为之不断努力的奋斗精神。故选C。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前句“Zhang said his dream is to become a professional basketball player in the future.”结合he is serious意为“他是认真的”可知，此处是表达他真的想成为一名专业篮球运动员。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文主要内容，张家成是一个独臂男孩，他不放弃自己的篮球梦想，并受到了篮球明星们的高度赞扬。通过篮球视频可知，他取得了一定的成绩，所以他得到明星们的赞扬主要是因为他强烈的意志以及他刻苦训练取得的较好篮球技能。故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。A. 活到老学到老；B. 永远不要放弃你的梦想；C.良好的开端是成功的一半；D.失败是成功之母。根据本文主要内容可知，张家成不放弃自己的篮球梦想，取得了一定的成绩并得到了明星们的高度赞扬，所以我们从张家成身上学到的是永远不要放弃自己的梦想。故选B。
C
Up to now, Wood has published more than 60 diaries, and he still updates the diaries frequently on social media websites. In his first diary, he mentioned, “news is going around about a bad cold virus in Wuhan, but I feel worlds away from me and few people wear masks in public.”
He recorded in his diaries that thousands of medical workers from different provinces and cities went to Hubei to help with the anti-epidemic (抗疫). Restaurants and shops were closed down, while supermarkets checked people’s body temperatures. And community workers across the country took strict action, asking people to stay at home and helping the old buy daily necessities.
“People in some countries said these measures could cause panic among the public. However, my experience in China shows these efforts are useful and effective, which finally removed people’s fear,” Wood said.
Wood’s diaries soon attracted the world’s attention. Over 10,000 people left him messages on Facebook, and he was interviewed by Canadian CTV which later showed his diaries on its website.
“I also received greetings from my family and friends in Canada. They said they were inspired by the efforts the Chinese have made, he said. “People from some countries thought the Chinese overreacted, and that the Chinese government had overdone in epidemic prevention and control. However,since more countries and regions have been infected(感染) by the virus, more and more people came to realize how proper and important China’s control and prevention measures are.”
Wood is working with the New World Press, which plans to make his diaries a book named The Invisible War. In this book, he hopes to share China’s anti-epidemic experience with more people across the world so they can build confidence to fight against the virus.
11. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. People thought the virus spread fast.
B. People failed to realize the danger of the virus.
C. People wore masks in restaurants and supermarkets.
D. People paid enough attention to Wood’s news report.
12. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Business people’s work against the virus. B. Different people’s efforts against the virus.
C. Community workers’ key role against the virus. D. Medical workers’ great support against the virus.
13. Which one did Wood agree about China’s anti-epidemic measures?
A. The measures removed people’s fear.
B. The Chinese cared too much about the virus.
C. The measures would make people worry a lot.
D. The government took too strict measures to control the virus.
14. What caused some foreigners to change their thought?
A. People’s infection in more countries and regions.
B. The worldwide news report on China’s measures.
C. Wood’s experience in China shared in his diaries.
D. Chinese people’s working together against the virus.
15. What is The Inuisible War mainly going to talk about?
A. What Wood has experienced at home during the virus.
B. What people in the world have done to fight the virus.
C. What China has done to control and prevent the virus.
D. What Wood’s friends have done to help him fight the virus.
【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
伍德在他的日记中记录了中国在抗击疫情期间所采取的措施，中国的抗疫措施是有用的和有效的，最终消除了人们的恐惧。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“news is going around about a bad cold virus in Wuhan, but I feel worlds away from me and few people wear masks in public”可知，武汉发生重感冒病毒的消息已经传开了，但我感觉很不一样，很少有人在公共场合戴口罩，由此可推断出：人们没有意识到这种病毒的危险。故选B。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“thousands of medical workers from different provinces and cities went to Hubei to help with the anti-epidemic”、“Restaurants and shops were closed down”和“And community workers across the country took strict action”可知，为了抗击病毒，医护人员、商业人士、社区工作人员都做出了自己的努力，所以第二段主要讲述了不同的人们为了抗击病毒所做出的努力。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, my experience in China shows these efforts are useful and effective, which finally removed people’s fear.”可知，伍德在中国的经历表明，中国的抗击疫情措施是有用的和有效的，最终消除了人们的恐惧。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However,since more countries and regions have been infected(感染) by the virus, more and more people came to realize how proper and important China’s control and prevention measures are.”可知，随着越来越多的国家和地区被病毒感染，所以一些外国人改变了他们的看法，越来越多的人开始意识到中国的防控措施是多么的恰当和重要。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In this book, he hopes to share China’s anti-epidemic experience with more people across the world so they can build confidence to fight against the virus.”可知，这本书中将会谈到中国在控制和阻击病毒所做过的事情。故选C。
D
Terrible weather events are harming the planet, and experts warn of even greater results to come. The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting (融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.
According to the data from the WMO, temperatures on the Antarctica (南极洲) just hit 18.3℃, which is higher than the record of 17.59℃ in March, 2015. Moreover, temperatures in this area have warmed about 3℃ over the last 50 years. Although such temperatures might be considered pleasant for a picnic or a hiking trip, this is the Antarctica we are talking about. It is home to the most inhospitable environment on the planet because it is supposed to be an extremely cold place. In fact, the average temperature of the continent’s central area is -57℃.
Besides, many places are experiencing the extreme weather this summer. Australia is undergoing its worst drought (干旱) since the 1930s, leaving bushfires burning so long and causing many deaths. Meanwhile in Europe, crops in the northwest are suffering the driest weather in the past 80 years. Recently West Texas in America has also gone through its worst drought in more than 70 years, while floods have hit Eastern and Southern China.
“Climate change is bad for us human beings, which causes direct health problems. I’m afraid there will be more common events like the one that 30,000 to 50,000 persons died in Europe in 2003 due to the heat wave there,” Professor Schwartz said. “It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”
16. What doesn’t bring down the number of polar bears according to this passage?
A. Hunting. B. Climate change. C. The sea ice loss. D. The Arctic ice melting.
17. What can you get out of this passage?
A. The Antarctica is pleasant for a hiking trip.
B. Extreme weather led to wildfires burning in Europe.
C. Climate change will cause air pollution and diseases.
D. The temperatures on the Antarctica hit the highest in March, 2015.
18. What does the underlined word “inhospitable" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. comfortable to live B. friendly to live C. unhealthy to live D. unfit to live
19. Which place didn’t experience drought this year?
A Europe. B. Australia. C. America. D. China.
20. What is the main idea for this passage?
A. The whole planet is drier and drier. B. The Antarctica is warmer and warmer.
C. Climate change is getting worse and worse. D. The number of polar bears is smaller and smaller.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了气候变化对世界各地以及人类造成的危害。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting (融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.”可知，气候变化造成海上浮冰和北极冰川融化，而北极熊是靠海冰捕食海豹的，所以造成北极熊数量减少的原因不包括捕食，故选A。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”可知，气候变化将导致更多的空气污染，疾病和水的缺乏等等，故选C。
【18题详解】
词义猜测题。comfortable to live舒适的生活；friendly to live友好的生活；unhealthy to live不健康的生活；unfit to live不适合生活。根据“ because it is supposed to be an extremely cold place”（因为它应该是一个非常寒冷的地方）可推断，inhospitable在这里的意思是：不适宜居住的，结合选项，故选D。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段全段可知，澳大利亚、欧洲以及美国的西德克萨斯州都遭受了严重的干旱，而中国的东部和南部遭受了洪水，故选D。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是气候变化对世界各地以及人类造成的危害，结合选项，故选C。
第二节:完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I was four months pregnant (怀孕的) with my first child when my baby’s heart stopped beating. I was terribly sad. As days went on, I was nervous about _____21_____ to work. I am a middle school teacher and didn’t know how to face kids. After four weeks of rest, I _____22_____ into my empty classroom and turned on the lights. On the wall were a hundred colored paper butterflies, each with a handwritten _____23_____on it from my students. All of them had _____24_____ words: “Keep moving forward.” “Don’t give up on God.” “Know I love you." It was_____25_____what I needed. These words really comforted me.
21 A. stopping B. beginning C. returning D. choosing
22. A. ran B. walked C. moved D. rushed
23. A. message B. wish C. dream D. name
24. A. patient B. creative C. secret D. warm
25. A. hardly B. exactly C. probably D. mainly
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B
【解析】
本文讲述了作者的学生对作者的鼓励和安慰。作为一名中学老师，作者在第一个孩子胎停之后，伤心万分，同时也害怕返回工作岗位后面对自己的学生。当作者走进教室后，看到学生们的温馨留言，给了作者很大的安慰。
【21题详解】
句意：随着时间的推移，我对重返工作岗位感到紧张。
考察动词辨析。stopping停止；beginning开始；returning返回；choosing选择。根据句意和下一句“I am a middle school teacher and didn’t know how to face kids.”可知因为作者不知道在经历这件事情之后，回到工作岗位上如何面对自己的学生，所以对于重返工作岗位很紧张，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：休息了四周后，我走进空荡荡的教室，打开了灯。
考查动词辨析。ran跑；walked走；moved移动；rushed冲。结合句意和常识可知一般情况下，老师都是走进教室，故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：墙上有100只彩色的纸蝴蝶，每只纸蝴蝶上都有我的学生们亲笔写的留言。
考查名词辨析。message消息，留言；wish希望；dream梦想；name名字。根据句意和下文“‘Keep moving forward.’ ‘Don’t give up on God.’ ‘Know I love you.’”可知墙上的纸蝴蝶上都是作者的学生鼓励作者的留言，故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：（纸蝴蝶）上都是温暖的话语：“继续前进。”“不要放弃上帝。”“您知道我爱您。”
考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；creative创造性的；secret秘密的；warm温暖的。根据句意和下文的“‘Keep moving forward.’ ‘Don’t give up on God.’ ‘Know I love you.’”可知墙上的纸蝴蝶上都是作者的学生鼓励作者的温馨留言，故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：这正是我所需要的。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；exactly正是；probably大概；mainly主要地。根据句意和下一句“These words really comforted me.”可知作者的学生给作者的温暖留言真正给了作者很大的安慰，所以这些正是作者所需要的，故选B。
B
In school, when children are given tasks, some of them are too lazy to think. They_____26_____asking parents or teachers what to do instead of thinking by themselves. How then do you teach your children to think critically (批判性地)?
Firstly, allow your children to play _____27_____, which is important in raising children to think on their own as it forces them to _____28_____ what to play with and how. It is during _____29_____ that children get curious enough to try something.
Secondly, ask them _____30_____ questions. When your children ask you a question, don’t be quick to give a _____31_____. Help them think about possible answers by asking them questions in turn:“ Hmmm, that’s an interesting question, and _____32_____ do you think the answer should be?" And when they give their opinions, always _____33_____ them.
Thirdly, don’t be quick to get involved when your children make an improper _____34_____. Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves. Don’t say “you are ______35______ for doing that". But when your children choose properly, be sure to praise them.
26. A. take up B. stay up C. end up D. give up
27. A. carefully B. freely C. quietly D. happily
28. A. guess B. promise C. learn D. decide
29. A. play B. trip C. discussion D. study
30. A. open-hearted B. happy-ending C. surprise-ending D. open-ended
31. A. reward B. reason C. reply D. report
32. A. what B. how C. why D. which
33. A. correct B. encourage C. accept D. compare
34. A. mistake B. choice C. effort D. excuse
35. A. stupid B. clever C. exciting D. impolite
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述教孩子们批判性地思考的三个方法。
【26题详解】
句意：他们最后找父母或者老师解决问题而不是自己思考。
take up占据；stay up熬夜；end up结束；give up放弃。此处用end up doing表示“以做某事来结束”。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。
carefully小心地；freely自由地；quietly安静地；happily开心地。根据“think on their own”可知此处用副词freely表示“自由地”。故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。
guess猜测；promise承诺；learn学习；decide决定。根据“ what to play with and how”可知此处用动词decide表示“让孩子决定”。故选D。
【29题详解】
句意： 在玩耍中孩子们足够好奇的去尝试一些事情。
play戏剧，游戏；trip旅行；discussion讨论；study学习。根据前文“allow your children to play”，可知此处用名词play。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：第二，问他们开放性的问题。
open-hearted善良诚恳的；happy-ending开心结局的；surprise-ending反转结局的；open-ended开放式结局的。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助他们思考可能性的答案，可知此处用open-ended。故选D。
【31题详解】
句意：当你的孩子问你问题时，不要立刻给出回复。
reward奖励；reason理由；reply回复；report报告。根据“ask you a question”可知此处表达“给出回复”。故选C。
【32题详解】
句意：那是一个有趣的问题，你认为答案应该是什么呢？
what什么；how怎样；why为什么；which哪一个。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助孩子思考可能的答案，可知此处表达答案是什么。故选A。
【33题详解】
句意：当他们给出他们的看法，总是鼓励他们。
correct修正；encourage鼓励；accept接受；compare比较。文章讲述鼓励孩子批判性思考问题，此处用动词encourage表示鼓励。故选B。
【34题详解】
句意：第三，当你的孩子犯了一个不恰当的选择不要快速地介入。
mistake错误；choice选择；effort努力；excuse借口。根据后文“Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves”以及 “choose properly”可知此处用choice，表示做了不恰当的选择让他们反思再试一次。故选B。
【35题详解】
句意：不要说“你那样做很蠢。”
stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的；exciting令人兴奋的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“make an improper choice”可知此处表示“那样做很蠢”。故选A。
第II卷(非选择题)
第一节:语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式( 不超过三个单词)，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
I am Wuhan, a super big modern city with a population of over 11 million. I am home to China’s largest railway transfer center. No other city in the world embraces _____36_____ ( many) college students than me. At the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 outbreak _____37_____ (fall) on me. I locked myself down _____38_____(quick). It’s believed to stop the epidemic from _____39_____ ( spread). The lockdown is never seen in the history of new China. The _____40_____ ( decide) was made with huge courage. I am Wuhan. Since I was locked down, I have seen groups of medical workers arrive in the city, one after another. Brothers and sisters _____41_____ different parts of the country have rushed for my rescue( 救援). You all have offered _____42_____ best that you have to back me up. A number of _____43_____ (hospital) have been built to make sure every patient is treated. I am greatly _____44_____ ( thank) to you all for sending me food and supplies. With the whole country’s joint efforts, I have returned to normal. So far, I ______45______ ( win) the battle! I am Wuhan. We are Wuhan. We are Wuhan, China.
【答案】36. more
37. fell 38. quickly
39. spreading
40. decision
41. from 42. the
43. hospitals
44. thankful
45. have won
【解析】
文章大意：在2020年初，武汉这座拥有1100多万人口的超大现代化城市爆发了Covid-19，本文叙述了全国各地对武汉这座城市的大力支援，最终武汉在全国人民的共同努力下，赢得了这场没有硝烟的战斗!
【36题详解】
句意：世界上没有任何一个城市比我拥有更多的大学生。
根据No other city in the world embraces __1__ ( many) college students than me.由后面的than，可知此处应用比较级形式，many的比较级为more，故答案为more。
【37题详解】
句意：在2020年初，Covid-19的爆发降临到我身上。
根据At the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 outbreak __2__(fall) on me.由时间状语At the beginning of 2020,可知句子时态用一般过去时，fall on降落、降临，fall的过去式为fell，故答案为fell。
【38题详解】
句意：我很快把自己封锁了起来。
根据I locked myself down __3__(quick).可知设空处修饰前面的动词，所以应用副词，与quick所对应的副词形式是quickly，故答案为quickly。
【39题详解】
句意：这被认为可以阻止疫情的蔓延。
根据It’s believed to stop the epidemic from __4__ ( spread).可知，提示词spread意为“蔓延、传播”，动词；设空处前面的from是介词，后接动词的ing形式，故答案为spreading。
【40题详解】
句意：这个决定是以巨大的勇气作出的。
根据The __5__ ( decide) was made with huge courage.可知，提示词decide意为“决定”，设空处在句中作主语，应填入一个名词形式，与decide所对应的名词是decision，故答案为decision。
【41题详解】
句意：来自全国各地的兄弟姐妹们纷纷赶来救援我。
根据Brothers and sisters __6__ different parts of the country have rushed for my rescue( 救援).可知此处指的是“来自”全国各地的兄弟姐妹们，from来自，介词。故答案为from。
【42题详解】
句意：你们都尽了最大的努力支持我。
根据You all have offered __7__ best that you have to back me up.可知设空处后面best为最高级形式，一般最高级前面需要加定冠词the，故答案为the。
【43题详解】
句意：已经建立了许多医院，以确保每个病人都得到治疗。
根据A number of __8__ (hospital) have been built to make sure every patient is treated.可知，提示词hospital医院，名词；a number of的意思是“若干”或“许多”，相当于 some 或 a lot of，和复数名词连用；故答案为hospitals。
【44题详解】
句意：我非常感谢你们给我送来食物和日常用品。
根据I am greatly __9__ ( thank) to you all for sending me food and supplies.可知，提示词thank感谢，动词；设空处在句中用在系动词am后面作表语，所以应用形容词thankful，故答案为thankful。
【45题详解】
句意：到目前为止，我已经赢得了这场战斗!
根据So far, I __10__ ( win) the battle!由So far可知句子时态用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是I，用have，win的过去分词是won，故答案为have won。
第二节:信息摘录
阅读短文，然后在文后思维导图内完成内容摘要,每空不超过三个词，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
A cicada is a large insect. It is about three centimeters long. Like many other insects, it has six legs. On the forehead are two big eyes, between which is a long beak. It uses its beak to drink juice from trees. The adult cicada has two sets of wings which can shake together to produce a high, continuous sound when the weather is hot.
In its whole life, it mainly goes through two stages. In the beginning, when a cicada is under the ground, it is called a baby cicada. It drinks juice from tree roots and it is covered in a hard shell. At this time, it has no wings - just legs. After coming out of the ground, it breaks out of its old shell. Under the old shell is a new shell and four wings. The cicada finds a place in the sun to dry its new shell and wings. Gradually, the baby cicada grows into an adult. After a cicada becomes an adult, it sings loudly in hot summer. That’s why it is called a born singer in nature.
At present, over two thousand kinds of cicadas are distributed (分布) around the world. All of them spend most of their life underground. You can find about four hundred and fifty kinds in Africa. Besides, there are about one hundred and twenty kinds in China. There are also about seven special kinds in the US that stay under the ground for many years.
46. _________
47. _________
48. _________
49. _________
50. _________
【答案】46. appearance
47. two stages
48. wings 49. about 120 kinds
50. in the US
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍知了的外貌、生长阶段以及它的种类分布。
【46题详解】
根据第一段“it has six legs. On the forehead are two big eyes, between which is a long beak. It uses its beak to drink juice from trees. The adult cicada has two sets of wings which can shake together to produce a high, continuous sound when the weather is hot”可知知了有六条腿、两个大眼睛，一个长嘴，可知在讲述外貌appearance。故答案为appearance。
【47题详解】
根据第二段“In its whole life, it mainly goes through two stages. In the beginning, when a cicada is under the ground, it is called a baby cicada…Gradually, the baby cicada grows into an adult. After a cicada becomes an adult, it sings loudly in hot summer. That’s why it is called a born singer in nature.”可知这段在讲述知了生长的两个阶段。故答案为two stages。
【48题详解】
根据第二段“Under the old shell is a new shell and four wings”可知知了有四个翅膀，four后面填复数名词wings。故答案为wings。
【49题详解】
根据最后一段“Besides, there are about one hundred and twenty kinds in China.”可知在中国有大约一百二十种,此处填数量about 120 kinds。故答案为about 120 kinds。
【50题详解】
根据最后一段“There are also about seven special kinds in the US”可知在美国有大约7种，此处填地点状语in the US。故答案为in the US。
第三节:书面表达
51.假定你是李华，请回复笔友Mike的邮件，给他至少3条建议并说明理由。词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。
To: Li Hua
From: Mike
Hi, Li Hua. Is everything going well? Summer holiday is coming. I planned a graduation trip to China with my best friend. But we are not allowed to travel abroad. I am so disappointed. Would you please give me some advice?
All the best,
Mike
To: Mike
From: Li Hua
Hi, Mike.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】例文
To: Li Hua
From: Mike
Hi, Mike.
I'm glad to hear from you. And congratulations on completing your studies. But I know you are not allowed to travel abroad.I'm so disappointed.
However, there are things you can do at home to prepare for future trips to China. Firstly, you can learn about Chinese places of interest and customs through the Internet or TV. Secondly, I can send you pictures of some famous tourist attractions in China by email, such as the Great Wall in Beijing, the Summer Palace and so on. Thirdly, you can talk with local Chinese to help you better understand China and its culture. Finally, I hope you have a good time in the summer vacation.
I am looking forward to your early trip to China
Yours,
Mike
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文，假如你是李华，要求你根据笔友Mike的邮件，给他写一封回信，至少给出3条建议并说明理由。首先要注意邮件的格式，然后认真审题，根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。
2.例文点评：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一、第二人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：hear from，learn about，places of interest，by email，such as，so on，talk with，have a good time，look forward to。
句型：I hope you have a good time in the summer vacation. 我希望你在暑假过得愉快。I hope后接宾语从句。
I am looking forward to your early trip to China.我期待着你早日来中国旅行。look forward to期待……，固定词组。
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绵阳市2020年高中阶段学校招生暨初中学业水平考试
英语
本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。试题卷共8页，答题卡共2页。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米的黑色墨迹签字笔填写在答题卡上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考点、考场号。
2. 选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色墨迹签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
3.考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(选择题)
第一节:阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Life is competitive - some kids can do something faster or better than other kids. This might not seem fair, but all people are different and how well you can do something is different to others. This means there are “winners" and “losers", and lots of people are neither winners nor losers but in-between. You can choose to be a good winner or an even better loser whether you are competing against others or yourself.
Being a “good” winner
No one likes a “show off”.
No one likes someone who takes all the praise for the efforts of a team.
No one likes people who put others down to make themselves look good.
To be a good winner you need to:
◆Be modest(谦虚).
◆ Thank those who helped you for their efforts.
◆ Keep trying to improve your skills.
◆Aim for the next step up in whatever you are doing well.
Being an even better loser
Of course it’s disappointing to lose, especially if you are close to winning. Behaving badly or angrily, name-calling and going on about things being “unfair” won’t change the final result and will only make you look like a bad sport. And no one likes bad sports either.
To be an even better loser you need to :
◆ Behave politely, nicely and kindly.
◆ Congratulate the other team.
◆ Keep any negative (消极的) thoughts to yourself - at least until you are away from the game.
It’s Ok to let out your negative thoughts to your best friend or parents later. And if you don’t do very well in a game, try harder to learn for the next one. Improving yourself makes you a winner too.
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. We are either losers or winners.
B. We should face winning and losing properly.
C. We can do nothing about winning and losing.
D. We are always competing with others not ourselves.
2. What should a better loser do when losing?
A. Let out his anger to his parents at once.
B. Express his negative feelings in the game.
C. Try harder to improve himself in the next game.
D. Behave badly to his team members or competitors.
3. Which one is not proper if we succeed?
A. Going on improving our skills.
B. Telling our team members to aim higher.
C. Thanking our team members for their efforts.
D. Putting down others to make ourselves look good.
4. Who is probably a bad sport?
A. Tom keeps saying the game is unfair when he loses.
B. Jim encourages his teammates after their team loses.
C. Anna thanks her coach for what he has done though she fails.
D. Cindy shows her congratulations to other competitors even if she fails.
5. What is the passage written for?
A. Telling us what we can learn from losing.
B. Offering advice on what we can do to win.
C. Encouraging us to become a winner instead of a loser.
D. Giving advice on how to deal with winning and losing.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文，文章就如何应对输赢给出了一些建议，自己可以选择成为一个好的赢家或一个更好的输家。
【1题详解】
判断推理题。第一段主要介绍了生活中充满了竞争，很多人既不是赢家也不是输家，而是介于两者之间，所以无论是与别人还是与自己竞争，任何人都可以选择成为一个好的赢家或一个更好的输家，从中可以推断出我们应该正确地面对输赢，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“And if you don’t do very well in a game, try harder to learn for the next one.”可知如果在一场比赛中表现不佳，那就更加努力地为下一场比赛学习，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据To be a good winner you need to部分中“Thank those who helped you for their efforts.”和“Keep trying to improve your skills.”以及“Aim for the next step up in whatever you are doing well.”可知要成为一个好的赢家，需要感谢那些提供帮助的人、不断提高自己的技能以及着眼于下一个目标等，所以选项A、B和C是恰当做法。根据Being a “good” winner部分中“No one likes people who put others down to make themselves look good.”可知没有人喜欢为了自己好看而贬低别人的人，所以选项D是不恰当的做法。题目要求选择不恰当的做法，故选D。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据Being an even better loser部分中“Behaving badly or angrily, name-calling and going on about things being “unfair” won’t change the final result and will only make you look like a bad sport.”可知表现不佳，辱骂或者继续说一些“不公平”的事情不会改变最终的结果，只会让你看起来像个不受欢迎的人，故选A。
【5题详解】
写作目的题。文章介绍了生活中充满了竞争，很多人既不是赢家也不是输家，而是介于两者之间，所以无论是与别人还是与自己竞争，任何人都可以选择成为一个好的赢家或一个更好的输家；接下来文章重点就如何成为一个好的赢家和一个更好的输家分别提出了一些注意事项和建议，故选D。
B
Zhang Jiacheng, aged 14, is a one-armed boy who recently became an online star because of a short video of him playing basketball. Now, news on the boy has reached NBA player Stephen Curry.
“Who is this kid? Help me find him! He is so cute ,” posted Curry on Weibo. Later that day, Zhang replied to Curry, “Hello, Curry! I am a big fan of yours. I love you so much because you achieved a lot although you are not one of the big guys in the NBA.
Zhang also talked about his favorite CBA players Yi Jianlian of Guangdong and Guo Ailun of Liaoning. In fact, Yi had already noticed Zhang. Having shared his video, Yi posted on Weibo, “Your heart is always the strongest part of your body.” Yi’s former national teammate Zhu Fangyu also reposted the video, commenting (评论), “I have never seen any kid play basketball better than him. We want to invite him to visit our team.” Former CBA player Wang Jing spoke highly of his performance, “Your right hand has been taken away, but you have the most powerful left hand.”
His perfect moves make it even harder to believe that this kid learned these skills in less than two years. Be it rainy or windy, Zhang never stops playing basketball. He has posted 13 videos of him developing basketball skills and earned almost one million likes. “Give it a try, or give it up," Zhang believed. Zhang said his dream is to become a professional basketball player in the future. By the way he plays, you know he is serious.
6. Who didn’t comment on Zhang?
A. Guo Ailun. B. Yi Jianlian. C. Stephen Curry. D. Zhu Fangyu.
7. Which comment can describe Zhang best?
A. Help me find him! He is so cute.
B. We want to invite him to visit our team.
C. Your heart is always the strongest part of your body.
D. Your right hand has been taken away, but you have the most powerful left hand.
8. What does the underlined sentence probably mean in the last paragraph?
A. He takes Zhu Fangyu’s words seriously.
B. He hurts himself seriously in playing basketball.
C. He finds it hard to be a professional basketball player.
D. He really wants to be a professional basketball player.
9. Why is Zhang highly praised?
A. Many stars like him.
B. He has millions of fans.
C. He is one-armed but he learned to play basketball.
D. He has strong will and wonderful basketball skills.
10. What can we learn from Zhang?
A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Never give up your dream.
C. A good beginning is half done. D. Failure is the mother of success.
【答案】6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B
【解析】
本文主要讲了张家成是一个独臂男孩，他不放弃自己的篮球梦想。他受到了NBA球员斯蒂芬·库里，CBA明星易建联及朱芳雨，前CBA球员王晶的高度赞扬， 他已经发布了13个关于他发展篮球技能的视频，并赢得了近100万个赞。他的梦想是将来成为一名职业篮球运动员。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Who is this kid? Help me find him! He is so cute , posted Curry on Weibo. ”及第三段内容“Yi posted on Weibo, Your heart is always the strongest part of your body. Yi’s former national teammate Zhu Fangyu also reposted the video, commenting (评论), I have never seen any kid play basketball better than him. We want to invite him to visit our team.”可知，斯蒂芬·库里，易建联及朱芳雨都对张家成进行了评论；结合选项可知，郭艾伦没有做出评论。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据本文主要讲了张家成是一个独臂男孩，他不放弃自己的篮球梦想，并受到了篮球明星们的高度赞扬。所以最能描述张家成的一句话应该是“你的心永远是你身体最强壮的部分”这能充分说明他内心不放弃梦想，为之不断努力的奋斗精神。故选C。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前句“Zhang said his dream is to become a professional basketball player in the future.”结合he is serious意为“他是认真的”可知，此处是表达他真的想成为一名专业篮球运动员。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文主要内容，张家成是一个独臂男孩，他不放弃自己的篮球梦想，并受到了篮球明星们的高度赞扬。通过篮球视频可知，他取得了一定的成绩，所以他得到明星们的赞扬主要是因为他强烈的意志以及他刻苦训练取得的较好篮球技能。故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。A. 活到老学到老；B. 永远不要放弃你的梦想；C.良好的开端是成功的一半；D.失败是成功之母。根据本文主要内容可知，张家成不放弃自己的篮球梦想，取得了一定的成绩并得到了明星们的高度赞扬，所以我们从张家成身上学到的是永远不要放弃自己的梦想。故选B。
C
Up to now, Wood has published more than 60 diaries, and he still updates the diaries frequently on social media websites. In his first diary, he mentioned, “news is going around about a bad cold virus in Wuhan, but I feel worlds away from me and few people wear masks in public.”
He recorded in his diaries that thousands of medical workers from different provinces and cities went to Hubei to help with the anti-epidemic (抗疫). Restaurants and shops were closed down, while supermarkets checked people’s body temperatures. And community workers across the country took strict action, asking people to stay at home and helping the old buy daily necessities.
“People in some countries said these measures could cause panic among the public. However, my experience in China shows these efforts are useful and effective, which finally removed people’s fear,” Wood said.
Wood’s diaries soon attracted the world’s attention. Over 10,000 people left him messages on Facebook, and he was interviewed by Canadian CTV which later showed his diaries on its website.
“I also received greetings from my family and friends in Canada. They said they were inspired by the efforts the Chinese have made, he said. “People from some countries thought the Chinese overreacted, and that the Chinese government had overdone in epidemic prevention and control. However,since more countries and regions have been infected(感染) by the virus, more and more people came to realize how proper and important China’s control and prevention measures are.”
Wood is working with the New World Press, which plans to make his diaries a book named The Invisible War. In this book, he hopes to share China’s anti-epidemic experience with more people across the world so they can build confidence to fight against the virus.
11. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. People thought the virus spread fast.
B. People failed to realize the danger of the virus.
C. People wore masks in restaurants and supermarkets.
D. People paid enough attention to Wood’s news report.
12. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Business people’s work against the virus. B. Different people’s efforts against the virus.
C. Community workers’ key role against the virus. D. Medical workers’ great support against the virus.
13. Which one did Wood agree about China’s anti-epidemic measures?
A. The measures removed people’s fear.
B. The Chinese cared too much about the virus.
C. The measures would make people worry a lot.
D. The government took too strict measures to control the virus.
14. What caused some foreigners to change their thought?
A. People’s infection in more countries and regions.
B. The worldwide news report on China’s measures.
C. Wood’s experience in China shared in his diaries.
D. Chinese people’s working together against the virus.
15. What is The Inuisible War mainly going to talk about?
A. What Wood has experienced at home during the virus.
B. What people in the world have done to fight the virus.
C. What China has done to control and prevent the virus.
D. What Wood’s friends have done to help him fight the virus.
【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
伍德在他的日记中记录了中国在抗击疫情期间所采取的措施，中国的抗疫措施是有用的和有效的，最终消除了人们的恐惧。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“news is going around about a bad cold virus in Wuhan, but I feel worlds away from me and few people wear masks in public”可知，武汉发生重感冒病毒的消息已经传开了，但我感觉很不一样，很少有人在公共场合戴口罩，由此可推断出：人们没有意识到这种病毒的危险。故选B。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“thousands of medical workers from different provinces and cities went to Hubei to help with the anti-epidemic”、“Restaurants and shops were closed down”和“And community workers across the country took strict action”可知，为了抗击病毒，医护人员、商业人士、社区工作人员都做出了自己的努力，所以第二段主要讲述了不同的人们为了抗击病毒所做出的努力。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, my experience in China shows these efforts are useful and effective, which finally removed people’s fear.”可知，伍德在中国的经历表明，中国的抗击疫情措施是有用的和有效的，最终消除了人们的恐惧。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However,since more countries and regions have been infected(感染) by the virus, more and more people came to realize how proper and important China’s control and prevention measures are.”可知，随着越来越多的国家和地区被病毒感染，所以一些外国人改变了他们的看法，越来越多的人开始意识到中国的防控措施是多么的恰当和重要。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In this book, he hopes to share China’s anti-epidemic experience with more people across the world so they can build confidence to fight against the virus.”可知，这本书中将会谈到中国在控制和阻击病毒所做过的事情。故选C。
D
Terrible weather events are harming the planet, and experts warn of even greater results to come. The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting (融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.
According to the data from the WMO, temperatures on the Antarctica (南极洲) just hit 18.3℃, which is higher than the record of 17.59℃ in March, 2015. Moreover, temperatures in this area have warmed about 3℃ over the last 50 years. Although such temperatures might be considered pleasant for a picnic or a hiking trip, this is the Antarctica we are talking about. It is home to the most inhospitable environment on the planet because it is supposed to be an extremely cold place. In fact, the average temperature of the continent’s central area is -57℃.
Besides, many places are experiencing the extreme weather this summer. Australia is undergoing its worst drought (干旱) since the 1930s, leaving bushfires burning so long and causing many deaths. Meanwhile in Europe, crops in the northwest are suffering the driest weather in the past 80 years. Recently West Texas in America has also gone through its worst drought in more than 70 years, while floods have hit Eastern and Southern China.
“Climate change is bad for us human beings, which causes direct health problems. I’m afraid there will be more common events like the one that 30,000 to 50,000 persons died in Europe in 2003 due to the heat wave there,” Professor Schwartz said. “It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”
16. What doesn’t bring down the number of polar bears according to this passage?
A. Hunting. B. Climate change. C. The sea ice loss. D. The Arctic ice melting.
17. What can you get out of this passage?
A. The Antarctica is pleasant for a hiking trip.
B. Extreme weather led to wildfires burning in Europe.
C. Climate change will cause air pollution and diseases.
D. The temperatures on the Antarctica hit the highest in March, 2015.
18. What does the underlined word “inhospitable" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. comfortable to live B. friendly to live C. unhealthy to live D. unfit to live
19. Which place didn’t experience drought this year?
A Europe. B. Australia. C. America. D. China.
20. What is the main idea for this passage?
A. The whole planet is drier and drier. B. The Antarctica is warmer and warmer.
C. Climate change is getting worse and worse. D. The number of polar bears is smaller and smaller.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了气候变化对世界各地以及人类造成的危害。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The sea ice loss and the Arctic ice melting (融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. So they have pushed down the number of polar bears and seals while polar bears depend on sea ice for hunting seals.”可知，气候变化造成海上浮冰和北极冰川融化，而北极熊是靠海冰捕食海豹的，所以造成北极熊数量减少的原因不包括捕食，故选A。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It will also cause more air pollution, diseases and lack of clean water and so on.”可知，气候变化将导致更多的空气污染，疾病和水的缺乏等等，故选C。
【18题详解】
词义猜测题。comfortable to live舒适的生活；friendly to live友好的生活；unhealthy to live不健康的生活；unfit to live不适合生活。根据“ because it is supposed to be an extremely cold place”（因为它应该是一个非常寒冷的地方）可推断，inhospitable在这里的意思是：不适宜居住的，结合选项，故选D。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段全段可知，澳大利亚、欧洲以及美国的西德克萨斯州都遭受了严重的干旱，而中国的东部和南部遭受了洪水，故选D。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是气候变化对世界各地以及人类造成的危害，结合选项，故选C。
第二节:完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I was four months pregnant (怀孕的) with my first child when my baby’s heart stopped beating. I was terribly sad. As days went on, I was nervous about _____21_____ to work. I am a middle school teacher and didn’t know how to face kids. After four weeks of rest, I _____22_____ into my empty classroom and turned on the lights. On the wall were a hundred colored paper butterflies, each with a handwritten _____23_____on it from my students. All of them had _____24_____ words: “Keep moving forward.” “Don’t give up on God.” “Know I love you." It was_____25_____what I needed. These words really comforted me.
21 A. stopping B. beginning C. returning D. choosing
22. A. ran B. walked C. moved D. rushed
23. A. message B. wish C. dream D. name
24. A. patient B. creative C. secret D. warm
25. A. hardly B. exactly C. probably D. mainly
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B
【解析】
本文讲述了作者的学生对作者的鼓励和安慰。作为一名中学老师，作者在第一个孩子胎停之后，伤心万分，同时也害怕返回工作岗位后面对自己的学生。当作者走进教室后，看到学生们的温馨留言，给了作者很大的安慰。
【21题详解】
句意：随着时间的推移，我对重返工作岗位感到紧张。
考察动词辨析。stopping停止；beginning开始；returning返回；choosing选择。根据句意和下一句“I am a middle school teacher and didn’t know how to face kids.”可知因为作者不知道在经历这件事情之后，回到工作岗位上如何面对自己的学生，所以对于重返工作岗位很紧张，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：休息了四周后，我走进空荡荡的教室，打开了灯。
考查动词辨析。ran跑；walked走；moved移动；rushed冲。结合句意和常识可知一般情况下，老师都是走进教室，故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：墙上有100只彩色的纸蝴蝶，每只纸蝴蝶上都有我的学生们亲笔写的留言。
考查名词辨析。message消息，留言；wish希望；dream梦想；name名字。根据句意和下文“‘Keep moving forward.’ ‘Don’t give up on God.’ ‘Know I love you.’”可知墙上的纸蝴蝶上都是作者的学生鼓励作者的留言，故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：（纸蝴蝶）上都是温暖的话语：“继续前进。”“不要放弃上帝。”“您知道我爱您。”
考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；creative创造性的；secret秘密的；warm温暖的。根据句意和下文的“‘Keep moving forward.’ ‘Don’t give up on God.’ ‘Know I love you.’”可知墙上的纸蝴蝶上都是作者的学生鼓励作者的温馨留言，故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：这正是我所需要的。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；exactly正是；probably大概；mainly主要地。根据句意和下一句“These words really comforted me.”可知作者的学生给作者的温暖留言真正给了作者很大的安慰，所以这些正是作者所需要的，故选B。
B
In school, when children are given tasks, some of them are too lazy to think. They_____26_____asking parents or teachers what to do instead of thinking by themselves. How then do you teach your children to think critically (批判性地)?
Firstly, allow your children to play _____27_____, which is important in raising children to think on their own as it forces them to _____28_____ what to play with and how. It is during _____29_____ that children get curious enough to try something.
Secondly, ask them _____30_____ questions. When your children ask you a question, don’t be quick to give a _____31_____. Help them think about possible answers by asking them questions in turn:“ Hmmm, that’s an interesting question, and _____32_____ do you think the answer should be?" And when they give their opinions, always _____33_____ them.
Thirdly, don’t be quick to get involved when your children make an improper _____34_____. Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves. Don’t say “you are ______35______ for doing that". But when your children choose properly, be sure to praise them.
26. A. take up B. stay up C. end up D. give up
27. A. carefully B. freely C. quietly D. happily
28. A. guess B. promise C. learn D. decide
29. A. play B. trip C. discussion D. study
30. A. open-hearted B. happy-ending C. surprise-ending D. open-ended
31. A. reward B. reason C. reply D. report
32. A. what B. how C. why D. which
33. A. correct B. encourage C. accept D. compare
34. A. mistake B. choice C. effort D. excuse
35. A. stupid B. clever C. exciting D. impolite
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述教孩子们批判性地思考的三个方法。
【26题详解】
句意：他们最后找父母或者老师解决问题而不是自己思考。
take up占据；stay up熬夜；end up结束；give up放弃。此处用end up doing表示“以做某事来结束”。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。
carefully小心地；freely自由地；quietly安静地；happily开心地。根据“think on their own”可知此处用副词freely表示“自由地”。故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。
guess猜测；promise承诺；learn学习；decide决定。根据“ what to play with and how”可知此处用动词decide表示“让孩子决定”。故选D。
【29题详解】
句意： 在玩耍中孩子们足够好奇的去尝试一些事情。
play戏剧，游戏；trip旅行；discussion讨论；study学习。根据前文“allow your children to play”，可知此处用名词play。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：第二，问他们开放性的问题。
open-hearted善良诚恳的；happy-ending开心结局的；surprise-ending反转结局的；open-ended开放式结局的。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助他们思考可能性的答案，可知此处用open-ended。故选D。
【31题详解】
句意：当你的孩子问你问题时，不要立刻给出回复。
reward奖励；reason理由；reply回复；report报告。根据“ask you a question”可知此处表达“给出回复”。故选C。
【32题详解】
句意：那是一个有趣的问题，你认为答案应该是什么呢？
what什么；how怎样；why为什么；which哪一个。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助孩子思考可能的答案，可知此处表达答案是什么。故选A。
【33题详解】
句意：当他们给出他们的看法，总是鼓励他们。
correct修正；encourage鼓励；accept接受；compare比较。文章讲述鼓励孩子批判性思考问题，此处用动词encourage表示鼓励。故选B。
【34题详解】
句意：第三，当你的孩子犯了一个不恰当的选择不要快速地介入。
mistake错误；choice选择；effort努力；excuse借口。根据后文“Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves”以及 “choose properly”可知此处用choice，表示做了不恰当的选择让他们反思再试一次。故选B。
【35题详解】
句意：不要说“你那样做很蠢。”
stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的；exciting令人兴奋的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“make an improper choice”可知此处表示“那样做很蠢”。故选A。
第II卷(非选择题)
第一节:语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式( 不超过三个单词)，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
I am Wuhan, a super big modern city with a population of over 11 million. I am home to China’s largest railway transfer center. No other city in the world embraces _____36_____ ( many) college students than me. At the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 outbreak _____37_____ (fall) on me. I locked myself down _____38_____(quick). It’s believed to stop the epidemic from _____39_____ ( spread). The lockdown is never seen in the history of new China. The _____40_____ ( decide) was made with huge courage. I am Wuhan. Since I was locked down, I have seen groups of medical workers arrive in the city, one after another. Brothers and sisters _____41_____ different parts of the country have rushed for my rescue( 救援). You all have offered _____42_____ best that you have to back me up. A number of _____43_____ (hospital) have been built to make sure every patient is treated. I am greatly _____44_____ ( thank) to you all for sending me food and supplies. With the whole country’s joint efforts, I have returned to normal. So far, I ______45______ ( win) the battle! I am Wuhan. We are Wuhan. We are Wuhan, China.
【答案】36. more
37. fell 38. quickly
39. spreading
40. decision
41. from 42. the
43. hospitals
44. thankful
45. have won
【解析】
文章大意：在2020年初，武汉这座拥有1100多万人口的超大现代化城市爆发了Covid-19，本文叙述了全国各地对武汉这座城市的大力支援，最终武汉在全国人民的共同努力下，赢得了这场没有硝烟的战斗!
【36题详解】
句意：世界上没有任何一个城市比我拥有更多的大学生。
根据No other city in the world embraces __1__ ( many) college students than me.由后面的than，可知此处应用比较级形式，many的比较级为more，故答案为more。
【37题详解】
句意：在2020年初，Covid-19的爆发降临到我身上。
根据At the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 outbreak __2__(fall) on me.由时间状语At the beginning of 2020,可知句子时态用一般过去时，fall on降落、降临，fall的过去式为fell，故答案为fell。
【38题详解】
句意：我很快把自己封锁了起来。
根据I locked myself down __3__(quick).可知设空处修饰前面的动词，所以应用副词，与quick所对应的副词形式是quickly，故答案为quickly。
【39题详解】
句意：这被认为可以阻止疫情的蔓延。
根据It’s believed to stop the epidemic from __4__ ( spread).可知，提示词spread意为“蔓延、传播”，动词；设空处前面的from是介词，后接动词的ing形式，故答案为spreading。
【40题详解】
句意：这个决定是以巨大的勇气作出的。
根据The __5__ ( decide) was made with huge courage.可知，提示词decide意为“决定”，设空处在句中作主语，应填入一个名词形式，与decide所对应的名词是decision，故答案为decision。
【41题详解】
句意：来自全国各地的兄弟姐妹们纷纷赶来救援我。
根据Brothers and sisters __6__ different parts of the country have rushed for my rescue( 救援).可知此处指的是“来自”全国各地的兄弟姐妹们，from来自，介词。故答案为from。
【42题详解】
句意：你们都尽了最大的努力支持我。
根据You all have offered __7__ best that you have to back me up.可知设空处后面best为最高级形式，一般最高级前面需要加定冠词the，故答案为the。
【43题详解】
句意：已经建立了许多医院，以确保每个病人都得到治疗。
根据A number of __8__ (hospital) have been built to make sure every patient is treated.可知，提示词hospital医院，名词；a number of的意思是“若干”或“许多”，相当于 some 或 a lot of，和复数名词连用；故答案为hospitals。
【44题详解】
句意：我非常感谢你们给我送来食物和日常用品。
根据I am greatly __9__ ( thank) to you all for sending me food and supplies.可知，提示词thank感谢，动词；设空处在句中用在系动词am后面作表语，所以应用形容词thankful，故答案为thankful。
【45题详解】
句意：到目前为止，我已经赢得了这场战斗!
根据So far, I __10__ ( win) the battle!由So far可知句子时态用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是I，用have，win的过去分词是won，故答案为have won。
第二节:信息摘录
阅读短文，然后在文后思维导图内完成内容摘要,每空不超过三个词，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
A cicada is a large insect. It is about three centimeters long. Like many other insects, it has six legs. On the forehead are two big eyes, between which is a long beak. It uses its beak to drink juice from trees. The adult cicada has two sets of wings which can shake together to produce a high, continuous sound when the weather is hot.
In its whole life, it mainly goes through two stages. In the beginning, when a cicada is under the ground, it is called a baby cicada. It drinks juice from tree roots and it is covered in a hard shell. At this time, it has no wings - just legs. After coming out of the ground, it breaks out of its old shell. Under the old shell is a new shell and four wings. The cicada finds a place in the sun to dry its new shell and wings. Gradually, the baby cicada grows into an adult. After a cicada becomes an adult, it sings loudly in hot summer. That’s why it is called a born singer in nature.
At present, over two thousand kinds of cicadas are distributed (分布) around the world. All of them spend most of their life underground. You can find about four hundred and fifty kinds in Africa. Besides, there are about one hundred and twenty kinds in China. There are also about seven special kinds in the US that stay under the ground for many years.
46. _________
47. _________
48. _________
49. _________
50. _________
【答案】46. appearance
47. two stages
48. wings 49. about 120 kinds
50. in the US
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍知了的外貌、生长阶段以及它的种类分布。
【46题详解】
根据第一段“it has six legs. On the forehead are two big eyes, between which is a long beak. It uses its beak to drink juice from trees. The adult cicada has two sets of wings which can shake together to produce a high, continuous sound when the weather is hot”可知知了有六条腿、两个大眼睛，一个长嘴，可知在讲述外貌appearance。故答案为appearance。
【47题详解】
根据第二段“In its whole life, it mainly goes through two stages. In the beginning, when a cicada is under the ground, it is called a baby cicada…Gradually, the baby cicada grows into an adult. After a cicada becomes an adult, it sings loudly in hot summer. That’s why it is called a born singer in nature.”可知这段在讲述知了生长的两个阶段。故答案为two stages。
【48题详解】
根据第二段“Under the old shell is a new shell and four wings”可知知了有四个翅膀，four后面填复数名词wings。故答案为wings。
【49题详解】
根据最后一段“Besides, there are about one hundred and twenty kinds in China.”可知在中国有大约一百二十种,此处填数量about 120 kinds。故答案为about 120 kinds。
【50题详解】
根据最后一段“There are also about seven special kinds in the US”可知在美国有大约7种，此处填地点状语in the US。故答案为in the US。
第三节:书面表达
51.假定你是李华，请回复笔友Mike的邮件，给他至少3条建议并说明理由。词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。
To: Li Hua
From: Mike
Hi, Li Hua. Is everything going well? Summer holiday is coming. I planned a graduation trip to China with my best friend. But we are not allowed to travel abroad. I am so disappointed. Would you please give me some advice?
All the best,
Mike
To: Mike
From: Li Hua
Hi, Mike.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】例文
To: Li Hua
From: Mike
Hi, Mike.
I'm glad to hear from you. And congratulations on completing your studies. But I know you are not allowed to travel abroad.I'm so disappointed.
However, there are things you can do at home to prepare for future trips to China. Firstly, you can learn about Chinese places of interest and customs through the Internet or TV. Secondly, I can send you pictures of some famous tourist attractions in China by email, such as the Great Wall in Beijing, the Summer Palace and so on. Thirdly, you can talk with local Chinese to help you better understand China and its culture. Finally, I hope you have a good time in the summer vacation.
I am looking forward to your early trip to China
Yours,
Mike
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文，假如你是李华，要求你根据笔友Mike的邮件，给他写一封回信，至少给出3条建议并说明理由。首先要注意邮件的格式，然后认真审题，根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。
2.例文点评：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一、第二人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：hear from，learn about，places of interest，by email，such as，so on，talk with，have a good time，look forward to。
句型：I hope you have a good time in the summer vacation. 我希望你在暑假过得愉快。I hope后接宾语从句。
I am looking forward to your early trip to China.我期待着你早日来中国旅行。look forward to期待……，固定词组。
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