中考英语三轮冲刺查漏补缺专项提优练习专题01 单选之名词（含解析）

这是一份中考英语三轮冲刺查漏补缺专项提优练习专题01 单选之名词（含解析），共6页。
中考英语查缺补漏专项提优试题（一）单项选择之名词1.（2019陕西西安高新第一中学模拟）If you don’t get enough sleep at night, you’ll have less        the next day.A.health     B.excuse     C.time    D.energy【答案】D【解析】本题考查名词辨析。health意为“健康”；excuse意为“理由；借口”；time意为“时间”；energy意为“精力”。句意：如果你在晚上没有足够的睡眠，第二天你会精力不足。故答案为D。2.—Wow, so many beautiful cars! I don’t know which one to buy.—Anyway, you have to make a       .A.suggestion    B.decision    C.plan    D.speech【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。suggestion意为“建议”，make a suggestion意为“提建议”；decision意为“决定”，make a decision意为“做出决定”；plan意为“计划”，make a plan意为“制定计划”；speech意为“演讲”，make a speech意为“演讲”。句意：——哇，这么多漂亮的车！我都不知道该买哪一辆。——无论如何，你得做出决定。故答案为B。3.—What        can you give me on learning English?—I think you should join an English club.A.advice     B.news     C.messages   D.information【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词辨析。advice意为“建议”；news意为“消息；新闻”；message意为“信息”；information意为“信息”。题意为“在关于英语学习方面你能给我提什么建议”“我认为你可以加入英语俱乐部”。give sb. advice意为“给某人提建议”。故答案为A。4.—Could you tell me the        of making such tasty cakes?—Well, I just follow the instructions in the cookbook. A.time     B.method    C.cost    D.menu【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。time意为“时间”；method意为“方法”；cost意为“成本”；menu意为“菜单”。由答句可知，问句询问的是制作可口的蛋糕的“方法”。故答案为B。5.（2019河南安阳殷都区第一次学业水平评价）—Can you teach me how to use this new mobile phone?—Sorry, I can’t use it, either. I think you can use it according to its       .A.inventions    B.instructions    C.productions    D.preparations【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。invention意为“发明”；instruction意为“说明；指令”；production意为“生产”；preparation意为“准备”。答句句意为“抱歉，我也不会使用它。我认为你可以按照它的说明使用它”。故答案为B。6.—A study shows that good habits play a very important        in children’s education.—I think so.A.sense     B.reason     C.part     D.meaning【答案】C【解析】本题考查名词辨析及固定搭配。sense意为“感官；意识”；reason意为“理由”；part意为“部分”；meaning意为“意义”。句意：——一项研究显示，良好的习惯在孩子的教育中起到重要的作用。——我想是的。play a part in...意为“在……中起作用”。故答案为C。7.—What do you think of his       ?—I think they are of great value to me.A.suggestion    B.advice     C.suggestions    D.advise【答案】C【解析】本题考查名词。suggestion是可数名词；advice是不可数名词，而advise是动词；答句中的“建议”使用they替代的，所以本题应该用可数名词的复数，故答案为C。8.（2019江苏淮安金湖实验初中期中复习）—It’s a wise        to wear a white tie. It matches yous new sit well.—Thank you very much.A.choice     B.support    C.promise    D.honor【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词辨析。choice意为“选择”；support意为“支持”；promise意为“承诺”；honor意为“荣誉”。由下文可知本句句意“戴白色的领带是聪明的选择”。故答案为A。9.（2019江苏南京郑和外国语学校期中）—God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?—I’m afraid we have no        but to take a taxi.A.choice     B.decision    C.reason     D.information【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词辨析及固定搭配。choice意为“选择”；decision意为“决定”；reason意为“理由”；information意为“信息”。根据上文可知，此句句意为“恐怕我们别无选择，智能乘坐出租车了”；短语have no choice but to do sth.意为“别无选择，只能做某事”，故答案为A。10.We think it is difficult for them to win the football game without team       .A.stress     B.spirit     C.standard    D.sadness【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。stress意为“压力”；spirit意为“精神”；standard意为“标准”；sadness意为“悲伤；难过”。句意：我们认为，没有团队精神他们难以赢得足球比赛。team spirit意为“团队精神”，故答案为B。11.—Why not go on a trip—to Hangzhou or Beijing?—That’s a good       .A.question    B.saying     C.decision    D.suggestion【答案】D【解析】本题考查名词辨析。question意为“问题”；saying意为“谚语”；decision意为“决定”；suggestion意为“建议”。上句提出一个建议“去杭州或北京旅游”，下句“这是个好建议”符合。故答案为D。12.—Where’s Mum, Lily?—She left a(n)        saying that she had gone.A.message    B.news     C.excuse     D.information【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词。have a message是固定短语，意为“留言”，符合句意；news和information是不可数名词，a不可直接修饰；an excuse意为“一个借口”，不符合题意，故答案为A。13.（2019辽宁鞍山铁西区质量调查）Betty got the job because she had the        of knowing several foreign languages.A.creativity    B.purpose    C.advantage    D.inspiration【答案】C【解析】本题考查名词辨析。creativity意为“创造力”；purpose意为“目的”；advantage意为“优点，优势”；inspiration意为“灵感”。句意：贝蒂得到了这份工作，因为她有懂得几门外语的优势。故答案为C。14.Orange represents       . It can cheer you up when you are feeling sad.A.wisdom     B.joy    C.energy     D.sadness【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。wisdom意为“智慧”；joy意为“快乐”；energy意为“能量；精力”；sadness意为“悲伤；难过”。由后一句“它能在你感到悲伤的时候让你振作起来”可知答案为B。15.The robot can help me sweep the floor. What a useful        it is!A.invention     B.information   C.instruction    D.introduction【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词辨析。invention意为“发明”；information意为“信息”；instruction意为“指令；说明”；introduction意为“介绍”。句意：那个机器人可以帮助我打扫地板，它是多么有用的发明啊！故答案为A。The        pollution is becoming more and more serious. We haven’t seen blue sky for several days.A.noise      B.water    C.air     D.light【答案】C【解析】本题考查名词辨析。noise意为“噪音”；water意为“水”；air意为“空气”；light意为“光；灯”。句意：空气污染正变得越来越严峻。我们有几天没看到蓝天了。根据后一句提及“看不到蓝天”可知此处表示的污染是“空气污染”，故答案为C。17.—What        of high school students will go to college?—About 70%.A.percentage     B.number   C.population    D.temperature【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词辨析。percentage意为“百分比”；number意为“数字”；population意为“人口”；temperature意为“温度”。由答语“约70%”可知询问的是percentage，故答案为A。18.—What’s the most popular form of        in this city?—It’s hard to say. Maybe going to the movies is.A.environment    B.entertainment  C.experiment    D.experience【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。environment意为“环境”；entertainment意为“娱乐”；experiment意为“实验”；experience意为“体验；经历”。由答语中“going to the movies”可知此处询问的是entertainment，故答案为B。19.—Who is the person you admire the most?—Qian Xueshne, the Fathe of China’s Missiles. He is the        of China.A.leader     B.pride     C.voice     D.proud【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。leader意为“领导”；pride意为“骄傲”；voice意为“嗓音；声音”；proud形容词，意为“骄傲的”。此处表达的是“他（钱学森）是中国的骄傲”，the pride of...意为“……的骄傲”，故答案为B。20—Tu Youyou received the Nobel Prize for her        of artemisinin（青蒿素）.—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science.A.design     B.thought    C.invention    D.discovery【答案】D【解析】本题考查名词辨析。design意为“设计”；thought意为“想法”；invention意为“发明”；discovery意为“发现”。上句句意：屠呦呦因为发现青蒿素而获得诺贝尔奖。故答案为D。21.—More and more people come to visit China Dinosaur Park.—That’s true. It has become the        of Changzhou.A.effort     B.praise     C.courage    D.pride【答案】D【解析】本题考查名词辨析。effort意为“努力”；praise意为“赞扬”；courage意为“勇气”；pride意为“骄傲”。句意：——越来越多的人来参观中国恐龙公园。——这是真的。它已成为常州的骄傲。故答案为D。22.（2019江苏南通中考）High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great        of China.A.Achievements   B.Agreements    C.Environments   D.Instruments【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词辨析。achievement意为“成就”；agreement意为“同意”；environment意为“环境”；instrument意为“仪器；手段”。句意：高铁被看作是中国的四大新成就之一。故答案为A。23.（2019湖北黄石中考）—More and more foreigners come to visit the Great Wall.—That’s true. It is the        of China.A.praise     B.pride     C.effort     D.courage【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词辨析。praise意为“赞扬”；pride意为“骄傲”；effort意为“努力”；courage意为“勇气”。句意：——越来越多的外国人来参观长城。——那是对的。它是中国的骄傲。故答案为B。24.（2019江苏淮安中考）Betty has a beautiful       . She wants to be a singer in the future.A.voice     B.look     C.noise     D.sound【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词辨析。voice意为“嗓音”；look意为“表情”；noise意为“噪音”；sound意为“声音”。句意：贝蒂有一副美丽的嗓子。在未来她想要成为一名歌手。故答案为A。