中考英语三轮冲刺考前大题练习02 语法选择（含解析）

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02 语法选择 2020年中考英语考前抓大题 序号内容1本文讲述了狂风来临时小矮人临危不惧，告诉了我们未雨绸缪的重要性。2本文从科学研究的角度介绍了动物的“抖毛”行为。3共享单车在大城市深受欢迎以及它为城市交通带来了诸多便利4讲述了空气污染的主要原因——工厂废气和汽车尾气排放，呼吁人们环保生活。5被称为“懦夫”的尼克在他人退缩时见义勇为，告诉我们可以害怕邪恶，但不要拒绝做好事。6作者喜欢在大城市生活，但在想要放松的时候非常渴望回归温馨自然的农村7人贵有恒 （一）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要，从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Long long ago in a village， a farmer owned land near the sea. He always needed workers 1 him， but most people did not want to work on farms near the sea. They were afraid of the terrible storms 2 often hit and destroyed buildings and plants.Finally， a short man came to the farmer. ＂Are you 3 good worker？ the farmer asked him. ＂Well. I can sleep when the wind blows，＂ answered the little man. Although 4 by this answer， the farmer gave him the job， 5 he really needed help. The little man worked very hard on the farm， and the farmer felt pleased with his work.Then one night the wind blew loudly in 6 the sea. Jumping out of bed， the farmer rushed to the short man＇s room. The farmer shouted， ＂Get up！ A storm is coming！ Tie things down before they are blown away！＂But the little man 7 in bed lazily and said， ＂No sir. I told you， I can sleep when the wind blows.”When 8 the words， the farmer hurried outside to prepare for the storm on his own. To his surprise， he found that 9 was tied down and nothing could be blown away. The farmer then understood what the short man meant， so he returned to his bed to sleep while the wind blew.When you re prepared， you have nothing to worry about. Can you sleep when the wind blows through your 10？( )1.A. helped B. helps C. help D. to help( )2. A. what B. who C. that D. where( )3. A.the B.an C.a D./( ) 4.A. surprising B. surprised C. surprises D. surprise( )5.A. so B. and C. because D. although( )6.A.at B. to C. from D. of（ ）7.A.lied B. lies C. lay D. laid( )8. A. to hear B.hearing C. heard D. hears（ ）9. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything（ ）10.A. live B. living C. life D. lives第1题考查动词形式问题，此处是不定式短语作后置定语，选D。第2题考查定语从句的引导词，因为先行词是storms（表示物），又因为引导词在定语从句中作主语，所以选C。第3题考查冠词的用法，此处用不定冠词表示种类，又因为其后的good以辅音开头，所以选C。第4题考查动词形式问题，因为后面主语the farmer被this answer引起惊讶，所以用过去分词短语作状语，答案选B。第5题考查连词，后面句子he really needed help应是前面句子the farmer gave him the job的原因，所以选C。第6题考查介词，此处指风大声地从海里吹进来，表示“从......”用from,选C。第7题考查谓语动词的时态，应用一般过去时，另外又要注意区分动词的形式变化：lie（说谎）-lied-lied;lie（躺着，平放）-lay-lain;lay(下蛋，放置）-laid-laid。此句表示“那小男人懒惰地躺在床上”，所以应选C。第8题是动词形式的考查，因为when后面不是一个从句（没有从句中的主语），所以要用动名词形式，这时when已经介词化，所以选B。第9题考查复合不定代词，根据句子意思，应选D。第10题是词性区分问题，此处在your之后用名词，组成名词短语，作blow through的宾语，所以选C。答案：1-5 DCCBC 6-10 CCBDC （二）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Why does your dog shake when it＇s all wet？ It isn＇t just 1 to get you and your home wet. There＇s a good reason for the shaking. The short answer is: they re wet. But there＇s actually more to it 2 that. In an article in Journal of the Royal Society Inter face， Andrew Dickerson and others at the Georgia Institute of Technology in the US take a 3 at this strange problem. The researchers record the shaking characteristics（特点）of 33 animals， including five types of dogs.It turns out4 mammals（哺乳动物） save large amount of energy by shaking to dry themselves off. If they do not shake， animals have to use 5 to 20 percent of their daily energy simply to dry themselves.And6 all furry（多毛的） mammals shake to dry themselves. Those that don＇t，like kangaroos， who shake only part of their body， usually live in desert climates where staying 7 isn＇t very hard. But not all animals shake at 8 same rate（频率）. Smaller animals seem to shake more quickly. A mouse shakes 30 9 per second， while bears， tigers and big dogs shake only about four. Dickerson and his team discovered that these animals do this job as efficiently as possible.In each case， the animals shake off about 70 percent of the water on their bodies in seconds. For us to dry 10 hair， it takes us not seconds， but minutes.( )1.A.try B. tried C. trying D.tries（ ）2.A.than B.as C. after D. before（ ）3.A.look B. see C. watch D.hear（ ）4.A.which B. that C. if D. how（ ）5.A. out B. up C. down D. off( ）6.A. near B. nearby C. neared D. nearly( ）7. A. dry B. dried C. drier D. driest（ ）8.A.a B./ C. the D. an（ ）9.A.time B. timed C. times D. timing（ ）10.A.we B. us C. our D. ours第1题考查动词形式问题，因为前面有isn’t ,此处要用现在分词，构成现在进行时，选C。第2题考查连词，因为前面有more,此处要用than引出比较对象，构成比较状语从句，选A。第3题是同义词区分，take/have a look （看一看）是固定搭配，选A。第4题是宾语从句的引导词选择问题，因为前面的turns out（证明）是陈述性质的动词，又因为宾语从句意思完整，不缺少成分，所以引导词用that,选B。第5题是副词的区分，up to是固定搭配，意思是“多达”、“高达”，选B。第6题是同义词区分问题，near可作介词“在......附件”，也可作形容词“近的”和副词“靠近”。而nearby可作形容词“附近的”或副词“在附近”。此处表示“几乎”、“差不多”要用nearly,选D。第7题是形容词等级的区分问题，此处在连系动词stay后面作表语，没有比较，用原级dry（干燥的），而dried是“晾干的”、“弄干了的”意思，所以选A。第8题冠词区分，same前面要加the,是固定搭配，选C。第9题词性词义区分，time表示“时间”一般作不可数名词，但表示“具体某次时间”或“次数”、“倍数”时是可数名词，time作动词时是“计时”、“为......定时”的意思，timed作形容词，意思是“计时的”、“时控的”，此句中表示“次数”，所以选C。第10题是人称代词与物主代词的区分问题，因为后面接名词hair,所以要用形容词性物主代词，选C。答案：1-5 CAABB 6-10 DACCC （三）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities. It is good to the 1development of the big cities. 2 report by a company found that shared bikes started the nation＇s love for bikes again. Now more and more Chinese people 3 bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities. An engineer of that company says that since the start of shared bikes， people 4 fewer trips by car. The love for shared bikes is not only among young people， who were born 5 the 1980s and 1990s，but also among people over sixty. On weekends， the number of the riders in Shenzhen 6the top of all cities On weekdays， the number of people 7 use shared bikes to travel to work is going up in Shanghai.8 is said that bike-sharing will help improve the cities＇environment. It not only helps9 the traffic problems， but also will help to make more use of space in cities. Take Beijing as an example ，10 more people choose shared bikes， an area of five Bird＇s Nest stadiums will be saved.（ ）1. A.health B.healthy C. healthily D. healthiness（ ）2.A.A B.An C.The D./（ ）3. A. are choosing B. is choosing C. were choosing D. chose（ ）4.A.make B. are making C. will make D. have made（ ）5.A. in B. on C.at D. over（ ）6.A.reach B. reaches C. reached D. reaching（ ）7.A.who B. whom C. whose D.which（ ）8.A.This B. It C.That D.Its（ ）9.A. solved B. solving C. solves D.solve（ ）10.A. though B. as C. if D. while第1题是词性的区分，用在名词前修饰名词用形容词，选B。第2题是冠词的区分，report是单数名词，用a表示一份报告，选A。第3题是谓语动词时态的选用，因为句首有now,用现在进行时，又因为主语是Chinese people,是复数，故选A。第4题是谓语动词时态的选用，因为前面有since短语,用现在完成时，又因为主语是people,是复数，故选D。第5题是介词的区分，表示“年代”，要用“in the 1980s”或“in the 1980’s”,所以选A。第6题是动词形式的判断问题，此处是谓语动词，又因为描述经常的事，主语the number是单数，所以选B。第7题是定语从句的引导词，先行词是people（表示人），又因为引导词在从句中作主语，所以选A。第8题是表示“据说......”的句型，it作形式主语，真正主语是that从句，选B。第9题是动词形式的问题，此处作help的宾语，“帮助做某事”可说help (to)do sth或help with sth,所以选D。第10题是状语从句的引导词选择问题，根据句子的意思，从句应表示主句动作发生的条件，所以选C。答案：1-5 BAADA 6-10 BABDC （四）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。The earth is our home. We must take care of 1 . Life today is easier than it was hundreds of years ago， but it has brought some new problems. One of 2 problems is pollution .We can see it， smell it， drink it and even hear it.Man has polluted the earth. The more people， the more pollution. Many years ago， the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land 3 or the river was not clean in a place， man went to another place.Now man is slowly 4 the whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious pollution 5is bad for living things in the world. Many countries don＇t let people burn 6 for air in the houses and factories in the city.Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It's caused by heavy traffic. People say it's best to ride bikes. When you 7, there is no pollution. But even in developed countries, most people don't go to work by bike. It's because it's not convenient 8 they ride to work. So, the number of cars on the roads becomes larger. So more people put away their bikes and go to work by car. Then things are getting worse and worse. We 9 have special roads only for bikes and make it so difficult and expensive 10 drivers to drive their cars into the city that they will go back to use their bikes.( )1. A. it B. its C. them D. their( )2.A.big B.bigger C.biggest D. the biggest( )3. A. uses up B. used up C. is used up D. was used up( )4.A.pollute B. polluting C. polluted D.pollutes( )5.A.who B. whom C. which D.that( )6.A. something bad B. bad something C. something good D. good something( )7.A.rides B. are riding C. to ride D. riding( )8.A.and B. but C. if D. so( )9. A. will B. should C. wouldn't D.mustn't( )10.A.to B.of C.for D.from第1题考查人称代词与物主代词的区分，此处作宾语，要用人称代词，指代地球，应选A。第2题考查形容词等级的问题，这是一个句型：one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，所以选D。第3题考查谓语动词，因为主语the land是谓语动作use up（用完）的承受者，要用被动语态，又因为主句用了过去时，从句也要用过去时，所以选D。第4题考查动词形式，因为前面有了is,这里要用现在分词，与前面的is一起构成现在进行时，所以选B。第5题考查定语从句的引导词，因为先行词是pollution（表示物），又因为先行词前有最高级the most serious修饰，所以引导词只能用that,选D。第6题考查复合不定代词+形容词的搭配，再结合句子意思，应选A。第7题考查动词形式问题，因为所填的是时间状语从句的谓语动词，又因为从句主语是you,谓语不能用rides,所以应选B。第8题考查并列连词和从属连词的区分问题，根据前后句的意思判断，前后句子应是主从复合句，不是并列句，所以选C。第9题考查情态动词，根据句子意思，应选B。第10题考查介词的搭配，在这里引出不定式动作的执行者，又因为前面的形容词difficult and expensive是形容事的，形容词形容人的才用of，形容词形容事的要用for,所以选C。答案：1-5 ADDBD 6-10 ABCBC （五）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Jack and Nick were going home from school. On turning a corner， Jack 1 out， ＂A fight！ Let us go and see！”＂No”， said Nick， ＂Let us go quietly home and avoid this quarrel. We have 2 to do with it， and may get into trouble”.＂You are not a brave boy， and afraid 3 ，＂said Jack， and off he ran. Nick went straight home， and in the afternoon went to school as usual .4 Jack told all the boys that Nick was coward(懦夫 ）， and they laughed at him a great deal.5 days later， Jack was bathing with some schoolmates and got out of his depth. He struggled and screamed for help， but all in vain（ 徒劳）. The boys 6 had called Nick a coward， got away from the water as 7 as they could， but they did not even try to help him. Jack was fast sinking， when Nick threw off his clothes and sprang（跳） into the water. With great efforts and much 8 to himself，he brought Jack to the shore and thus saved his life.Jack and his schoolmates were 9 at having called Nick a coward. They admitted that he had more courage than any of 10.Never be afraid to do good， but always fear to do evil.（ ）1. A. cries B. would cry C. was crying D.cried（ ）2. A something B. nothing C. everything D. anything（ ）3.A.go B. to go C. gone D.going（ ）4.A. Or B. Because C. And D. But（ ）5.A. Little B. Few C. A few D. A little（ ）6.A. who B. whom C. which D. whose（ ）7.A.fastest B.faster C.fast D. the fastest（ ）8.A.dangers B. danger C. dangerous D. dangerously（ ）9.A.ashamed B. shamed C. shaming D. shame( ）10 A they B.their C. them D. themselves第1题考查谓语动词的时态，因为是描述过去发生了的动作，用一般过去时，选D。第2题考查复合不定代词，根据句子意思，have nothing to do with,与......无关，选B。第3题考查动词形式，be afraid to do sth是固定搭配，选B。第4题考查连词，根据句子意思，前后有“转折”意义，选D。第5题区分同义词，后接复数名词，又表示肯定，选C。第6题考查定语从句的引导词，因为先行词是the boys（表示人），又因为引导词在定语从句中作主语，所以选A。第7题考查副词的等级问题，as...as结构中要用原级，选C。第8题是词性区分问题，在介词with之后要用名词，又因为danger是不可数名词，所以选B。第9题是作表语的、形容人的形容词，用ashamed表示“惭愧的”、“羞愧的”，shamed不作形容词，所以选A。第10 题考查代词，此处在介词之后，不能用they或their,句子主语是he,此处无必要用反身代词themselves,所以选C。答案：1-5 DBBDC 6-10 ACBAC  （六）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。One place that is very important in my life is my grandmother＇s house. She 1 in a small village in the south of the country. I go there every summer，2 my grandmother, to get away from the city and relax.The village is just a group of white houses on a hillside with some shops and it＇s really peaceful.One reason why I like it is 3 it＇s beautiful place. My grandmother has a lovely garden and we always sit 4 the trees， drinking sweet tea and chatting. It＇s so pleasant. But the main reason why this place is so important to me is my grandmother. She is so kind to me， and wonderful to talk to. She＇s 5 a great cook and the meals she prepares are simple 6 fresh and rich. No， no， I mean tasty. And she＇s always giving 7 small plates of food during the day ， so I always return 8 home feeling calm and refreshed and fat！I wouldn＇t like to live there， though. I prefer living in the city. I＇m a city person. I 9live in a small village where everybody knows each other. I＇d rather live in a busy，10 place. But really love visiting the villages for holiday.（ ）1. A. lived B.lives C. will live D. was living（ ）2.A.visiting B. to visit C. visit D. visited（ ）3.A.that B. when C. why D.what（ ）4.A.under B. over C. on D. in（ ）5.A.either B. also C. too D. as well（ ）6.A.or B.but C. so D. and（ ）7.A.him B.her C. me D.us（ ）8.A./ B. a C. the D.an( ) 9.A. can B. would C. couldn＇t D. should( )10.A. excited B. exciting C.excite D. excites第1题考查谓语动词的时态，第一段描述my grandmother住在乡下的情况，用一般现在时，选B。第2题考查动词形式问题，此处用不定式作目的状语，选B。第3题考查表语从句的引导词，主语是reason时，表语从句用that引导，选A。第4题是介词区分，根据句子意思，应选A,表示“在树下坐”。第5题是同义词区分，位于句子中间的“也”要用also,选B。第6题是并列连词的区分问题，simple与fresh and rich有转折意义，选B。第7题是人称代词宾格的选用，根据上下文意思，应选C。第8题是冠词的考查，因为此处的home应为副词，所以应选A,return home（副词，回家）=return to one’s home（名词，家）。第9题是情态动词的区分，根据最后一段意思，“我”不愿住在乡下，应选C。第10题是词性区分问题，此处在名词place之前作定语修饰place,要用exciting,而excited是用来修饰人的，答案C或答案D中的excite和excites是动词，所以应选B。答案：1-5 BBAAB 6-10 BCACB （七）语法选（共10小题；每小题1分满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Once，a king loved music so much that he searched the world for the best instrument.One day，a magic man  __1___the king a harp（竖琴）.The king took it to the palace，but___2___ he played it，the harp sounded terrible.Many ____3___people tied it.They agreed that the harp was____4___and the king had been fooled.The harp was thrown out as rubbish.A poor little girl____5___found the harp，and even though she didn't know how____6___it she decided to have a try.She played and played，the whole day through，for months and years.The music she produced was never perfect，___7____each time it sounded a little better.Then one day，suddenly，the harp started to play the most beautiful music.It was in fact ____8____magic harp，and could only be played well by someone who would put in the necessary effort.The king heard the music from his window，and called the girl to the palace.When the king saw that she was playing his old harp，he was filled____9___ joy.At that moment he made the girl his own private____10____giving her and her family many riches.1.A.offer B.offers C.offered D.has offered2.A.when B.before C.if D.because3.A.another B.other C.others D.the other）4.A.used B.using C.useless D.uselessness5.A.late B.lately C.latest D.later6.A.played B.to play C.playing D.to playing7.A.so B.and C.or D.but8.A.a B.an C.the D./9.A.in B.of C.by D.with10.A.music B.musical C.musician D.must【答案与解析】本文是一篇小故事。从前有个国王特别喜欢音乐，他在全世界寻找最好的乐器。一天有个魔术师送给他一把竖琴，但是不管怎样国王也弹奏不出好听的音乐，一气之下他把竖琴扔掉了。一个小女孩发现了这把竖琴，并日复一日、年复一年地练习弹奏，最终奏出了优美的乐曲，她也成了国王的私人琴师。1.C解析：考查时态。根据上文one day 提示，应用一般过去时。2.A解析：考查状语从句引导词。根据句意“但是当他弹奏的时候...”，故选when。3.B解析：考查代词。another表示三者或者三者以上的“另一个”；other表示“其他”，后可接名词；others 表示“其他的...，后不可接名词；the other表示两者中的“另一个”。根据文意“很多其他的人尝试过”且后有名词 people，故选other。4.C解析：考查词义辨析。根据后文as rubbish提示，得知句意应为“他们一致认为那把竖琴是没有用的”，故排除A、B，又根据be动词后加形容词，故选C。5.D解析：考查词义辨析。late表示“迟到，晚的”；lately表示“最近"；latest表示“最新的"later表示“稍后”根据文意“贫穷的小女孩之后发现了那把竖琴”，故选D.6.B解析：考查动词形式。特殊疑问词+to do可作宾语，故选B.7.D解析：考查连词。根据句意“每次弹奏的音乐从来都不完美，但每次听起来都有提升”可知前后句是转折关系，故选D.8.A解析：考查冠词。根据句意“实际上它是一把有魔力的竖琴”表示泛指，用在首字母非元音发音的magic单词前，故选A.9.D解析：考查介词。固定搭配，be filed with表示“充满...。10.C解析：考查构词法。music为名词，表示“音乐”；musical为形容词，表示“音乐的”；musician 为名词，表示“音乐家”；musically 为副词，麦示“音乐地”。根据文意“他让小女孩成为他的私人音乐师”，故选C。