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湖北省荆州市公安县第三中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学考试试题（Word版附答案）
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这是一份湖北省荆州市公安县第三中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学考试试题（Word版附答案），共20页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，七选五，用单词的适当形式完成短文，推荐信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
公安县第三中学2023-2024学年入学考试
高三英语
第I卷（选择题）
一、完形填空
This first day of school can be stressful for both parents and children．But for Connor Crites, an 8-year-old Kansas boy living with autism（自闭症）, it was 1 terrible, until another child 2 in．Connor Crites was beginning his second grade at Minneha Elementary School in Wichita, Kansas．But instead of mixing with other children and exploring the playground, Connor 3 himself from others and stood in a corner 4 ．
Now, unfamiliar social 5 can be challenging for autistic children to 6 ．But luckily for Connor, the 8-year-old Bob, who was also starting second grade, noticed him 7 and weeping by himself．Without 8 , Bob walked over to Connor and took his hand．Still 9 upset, Connor held on to Bob's hand as they walked together into school．
Bob's mother, Courtney Moore, witnessed the 10 and took a quick photo of the boys．She said, "He grabs his hand and walks him to the front door．We waited until the bell rang and he walked him inside of the school．The past is history．They have a firm bond．" Moore 11 the photo on Facebook and wrote: This lesson is a beautiful example of how friendship can come at the most 12 moments．When Connor's mother, Crites, saw the photo, she was 13 to tears．
" 14 saved my son．It doesn't matter the disability, and it doesn't matter anything, just be kind, and open your heart．It's what we need in this cold world, which 15 us," Crites said．
1．A．also B．even C．hardly D．yet
2．A．stepped B．called C．cut D．gave
3．A．divided B．prevented C．separated D．learned
4．A．howling B．sighing C．sobbing D．considering
5．A．chances B．adventures C．prejudices D．situations
6．A．obtain B．handle C．adopt D．confirm
7．A．wandering B．complaining C．reflecting D．struggling
8．A．principle B．guidance C．hesitation D．method
9．A．visibly B．surprisingly C．regularly D．deliberately
10．A．emotion B．scene C．aspect D．atmosphere
11．A．owned B．checked C．took D．posted
12．A．unexpected B．unforgettable C．unnecessary D．unacceptable
13．A．terrified B．moved C．frustrated D．embarrassed
14．A．Luck B．Faith C．Companionship D．Courage
15．A．inspires B．challenges C．enhances D．warms
第II卷（非选择题）
二、阅读理解
AREA HOTELS
Spend your vacation with us. We offer luxury suites (豪华套房), an Olympic-sized pool, a state-of-the-art fitness center, and a beauty spa. Leave business cares behind while you relax at the Rosewood Hotel. You’ll never want to leave! Call 800-555-0942 for reservations.
The Woodside Motel is the place to stay while visiting our city. After a day of sightseeing, relax in the comfort of your luxury room. All our rooms have king-sized beds, free movies, and mini-bars. Our outdoor playground and indoor recreation room (娱乐室) mean the little ones will never be bored. Babysitting service available. Enjoy your next family vacation at the Woodside Motel.
The Columbus Hotel is close to the city’s finest restaurants and clubs. Enjoy the wonderful view of the city skyline from the Columbus Rooftop Restaurant. Host your next conference or banquet (宴会) with us. We have a selection of reception rooms and banquet rooms suitable for conferences and parties. Call 245-555-0982 to speak to our banquet coordinator (协调员), 245-555-0987 for dinner reservations at the Rooftop Restaurant, and 245-555-0862 to reserve a room.
Next time you’re in town, stay at the City View Hotel. Whether you’re here to shop, play, or work, City View’s location can’t be beaten. We’re close to all major bus lines and right next to the city’s business district. All rooms include kitchens. Call 492-555-5932 for reservations. Don’t forget to ask about our special weekly and monthly prices.
The Sunflower Motel offers reasonable prices and cable TV in every room. Pets are welcome (extra charge applies). Special weekend prices. Call 488-555-0821 for reservations.
16．Which hotel is most suitable for a couple with a six-month-old baby?
A．The Rosewood Hotel. B．The Sunflower Motel.
C．The Columbus Hotel. D．The Woodside Motel.
17．What number may you call if you are looking for a place to hold a big birthday party?
A．245-555-0982. B．245-555-0862. C．492-555-5932. D．488-555-0821.
18．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A travel journal. B．A research paper. C．A tourist guidebook. D．A business report.
David is a retired teacher. In October 2020, when the House of Commons voted against extending free school meals into the holidays, David started strategising with the school headteacher: “I said: ‘What are we going to do about this?’” At the last minute, the local council stepped in to fund free holiday meals but a seed had been planted, leaving David pondering (沉思) the wider issue of local food poverty. “It was evident there was a need for food support within the area,” says David.
David contacted a group of local residents who had expressed an interest, plus two friends who had worked with the UK food bank charity the Trussell Trust—inviting them to join him on a Zoom call to discuss food poverty during the Covid crisis and beyond. “We decided, everybody together, that we could do something,” David says.
The group recruited (招募) volunteers and the project took shape. They chose the name “The Sharehouse”, rather than “food bank”, to reflect the fact that the project would meet not only the need for local food support, but also the pressing desire many expressed to do something meaningful at a time of crisis. “It’s like an exchange, rather than a bank,” says David.
The nonprofit opened just six weeks after that first call in December 2020. “We had seven people,” says David, but by the following week, they had 40 clients, and it built steadily. Now they support 100-plus families three times a week, and have gone from having 12 volunteers to about 40. It has also worked with local services to offer support on everything from addiction to debt and benefits advice.
Welcoming a client for the first time is often one of the hardest moments. “Having to sit with somebody new and let it unfold—it’s very raw.” The Sharehouse has regulars, but other people fall off the radar, leaving David to wonder what has happened. “I wonder where they are now; what they’re doing. It can be emotional.”
The Sharehouse serves as a reminder of how effective collective action and community can be. For anyone wanting to volunteer, David’s advice is: “Be led by what inspires you, don’t be frightened and don’t overthink it.”
19．Why did David found the Sharehouse?
A．Some of his neighbours are going hungry
B．The authorities denied local food poverty
C．He wanted to compete with the food bank charity
D．Local residents are unwilling to fund free holiday meals.
20．What do we know about the Sharehouse?
A．It has made a huge profit. B．It has expanded its ambitions.
C．It presses local people to donate. D．It exchanges food with the food bank.
21．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Complain. B．Struggle. C．Disappear. D．Proceed.
22．What is David’s advice to potential volunteers?
A．Follow your heart. B．Think before you act.
C．Provide for a rainy day. D．Do as the Romans do.
Last year, 138,000 San Francisco residents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.
The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.
Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.
The app has had unintended consequences in San Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.
“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices in San Francisco and other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.
San Francisco is in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley.
As the Los Angeles Times reported, some San Francisco residents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.
23．The intention of Proposition F is to ________.
A．place time limits in local election. B．set limits on short-term rental.
C．strike down a controversial rule. D．urge users to vote against Airbnb.
24．What is the negative consequence of Airbnb on San Francisco?
A．It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.
B．Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.
C．It makes the house market more competitive.
D．It indirectly leads to high house rental price.
25．The housing crisis in San Francisco results from ________.
A．explosion of the living cost B．its geographic characteristics
C．generosity of local enterprises D．inflow of migrant population
26．The author’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.
A．objective B．supportive
C．negative D．indifferent
“While animals can’t pick out precise numbers, they can understand that more is more. Interestingly, we know now that numerical competence is present on almost every branch of the animal tree of life,” says Andreas Nieder, a neurobiologist from the University of Tuebingen. “Different groups of animals obviously developed this competence independently from others and that strongly indicates that it has to be of adaptive value.”
Honeybees, for instance, can remember the number of landmarks they pass when searching for food in order to find their way back to the hive. The last common ancestor between honeybees and primates lived about 600 million years ago. But still, they evolved numerical competence that, in many respects, is comparable to vertebrate numerical competence. Also, for example, male frogs sing “advertisement” calls to attract females. The females, listening for the complexity of their calls, choose the male that sings the most calls.
Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey: With prey like deer, only around six to eight wolves are needed, while hunting wild ox requires a pack of nine to thirteen. Their prey also uses this concept to protect themselves from predators — deer tend to live in large herds to reduce the chance of any individual becoming prey. So obviously they are assessing the number of individuals in their groups for their everyday life situations.
Despite these many examples of numerical competence in animals, this subject has not gotten many first-hand studies. “Many of these behavioral findings in the wild have usually been collected as by-products or accidental findings of other research questions,” says Nieder. He argues that more research needs to be done to fully understand the numerical competence.
27．The phenomenon of animals having their own numerical competence shows that ________.
A．all groups of animals can know the exact numbers
B．numerical competence must have a survival benefit
C．animals’ intelligence varies with different environments
D．animals’ numerical competence is determined by their independence
28．What role does numerical competence play in wolves’ hunting?
A．It helps them form proper hunting groups. B．It gives them more options to hunt.
C．It makes them discover more prey. D．It offers them new skills to hunt.
29．How does the author mainly develop this text?
A．By listing figures. B．By asking questions.
C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons.
30．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A science report.
三、七选五
No one knows when we began using color, but we think that ancient cultures may have used colors to represent specific things. 31 In other words, people chose what the colors represented—blue in one culture could mean the opposite in another.
32 Studies in history suggest that new colors quickly became popular, probably because they were different. To take a more recent example, the first mass-produced cars were all black. When different colored paint was developed, people chose those colors because they were new. The same thing happened when color was introduced to other materials, such as plastic. The first color televisions didn't have very realistic colors, but almost everyone preferred them to black and white.
Colors also affect us on a deeper level. Experiments have shown that colors can have a physical effect on us. For example, red is said to make our breathing and heartbeat faster. 33 And green can have a similar relaxing effect.
34 Research suggests that over the years, we have learned to recognize various colors as a warning. If a primitive man cut his hand and saw his blood, the red color truly represented danger. Similarly, he would not eat meat if it was blue or green— something tells us that green or blue meat is bad. 35 Try serving a meal to your friends with the potatoes or rice colored blue. You know that the food is harmless, but your guests will probably not eat it. And when they refuse the food, they are using a universal ability that humans have developed over thousands of years.
A．Black is the color of authority and power.
B．People often choose colors that are new to them.
C．There are many reasons for the popularity of new colors.
D．Blue can make our bodies release chemicals that calm us down.
E．This is an experiment you can try for yourself with food coloring.
F．Perhaps there is an important reason for our reaction to color, however.
G．Research shows us that each culture had a different system for color use.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
Acting was, is and always will be the first love of the National Peking Opera Company’s new vice-president, Tian Lei, Chen Nan reports.
Huguosi Street was one of Beijing’s 36 (busy) commercial roads in the olden days. It also 37 (house) the residence of Peking Opera master Mei Lanfang (1894-1961). Not far from Mei’s address, the first theater for Peking Opera 38 (perform) was created in 1954, five years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
The neighborhood 39 (change) over the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is 40 (current) managed by the National Peking Opera Company. Tian Lei treasures the hours he spends there, training and rehearsing (排练). Wearing a costume and 41 (arm) with a prop spear (道具长矛), the 42-year -old walks confidently across the stage, 42 (practise) a variety of martial art movements, before ending the drill with a liangxiang (striking a pose on the stage).
Tian has been working with the opera company for 10 years. Its premises (处所) are 43 10 -minute drive from the theater and his colleagues train there. He, however, prefers the historic stage. “I come to the theater almost every day because I enjoy the peace and emptiness this building offers. Rehearsing here helps me feel closer 44 the Peking Opera masters 45 once graced the stage,” he says.
五、推荐信
46．假定你是李华，你的外教Peter对中国饮食文化非常感兴趣，他想请你推荐一款中国传统餐饮，请你写一封e-mail。
内容包括:1.餐饮名称；2.简要描述；3.推荐理由。
注意:1.词数80字左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A freezing downpour washed the street in front of the small-town bar. I sat gazing into the watery darkness, alone as usual. I had been in that old bar for half an hour, quietly drinking, when my thoughtful eyes finally focused on a medium-sized lump (一团) in a puddle (水洼) a hundred feet away. For another ten minutes, I looked out through the window trying to decide if the lump was an animal or just something.
The night before, a German dog named Shep had come into the bar begging for potato chips. He was starving and just the size of the lump in the puddle. Why should a dog lie in a cold puddle in the freezing rain? I asked myself. The answer was simple: Either it wasn’t a dog, or it was, he was too weak to get up.
The wound in my right shoulder ached all the way down my fingers. I didn’t want to go out in the storm. Hey, it wasn’t my dog. It was just a stray on a cold rainy night, a lonely drifter (流浪者). So was I, I thought, as I tossed (扔) down what was left of my drink and headed out the door.
He was lying in the three inches of water. When I touched him, he didn’t move. I thought he was dead. I put my hands around his chest and raised him to his feet. He stood unsteadily, and his head hung like a weight at the end of his neck. His floppy ears were just hairless pieces of flesh dotted with open sores (伤口).
“Come on, Shep,” I said, leading him to a corner next to the bar, where he lay on the cold cement and closed his eyes. A block away I could see the lights of a late-night convenience store. It was still open. I bought three cans of dog food and fed him. He couldn’t swallow but poorly look at me. He was dying!
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The local vet (兽医) was still at his office, so I loaded the poor creature into a taxi and headed there.
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Three days later, when I opened the door of the vet’s, Shep welcomed me with wild enthusiasm.
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参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了康纳·克里茨是一个自闭症儿童，性格孤僻，不愿与其他孩子一起玩，只是在角落里独自哭泣，8岁的鲍勃注意到这一点后，主动接近他并与他成为朋友，两个孩子甚至还一起手牵手去上学，他们之间的友谊让人感到温暖。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：开学的第一天对父母和孩子来说都是有压力的。但对于康纳·克里茨,堪萨斯州一个8岁的自闭症男孩，这甚至是可怕的，直到另一个孩子走进他的生活。A. also也；B. even甚至；C. hardly几乎不；D. yet还。根据空前一句可知，开学第一天对正常家庭的父母和孩子来说都是有压力的，对于自闭症男孩康纳·克里茨情况更糟，这甚至是可怕的，此处表示一种递进，故选B。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. stepped in步入；B. called in着急；C. cut in插嘴；D. gave in屈服。根据下文讲的同上二年级的鲍勃注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣后主动接近他并与他成为朋友可知，鲍勃走进了他的生活，故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：康纳·克里茨在堪萨斯州威奇托市的明尼哈小学上二年级，但他不和其他孩子一起在操场上玩，而是把自己和其他人分开，独自站在角落里哭泣。A. divided分成、分配；B. prevented阻止；C. separated分离；D. learned学习。根据语境和常识，康纳·克里茨患有自闭症，性格孤僻，不和别的孩子一起玩，separate oneself from sb，把自己与某人分开、不与某人一起……，故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. howling嚎叫；B. sighing叹气；C. sobbing啜泣；D. considering考虑。根据语境和常识，患有自闭症的孩子，性格孤僻，别的孩子在一起玩的时候，他应该是独自站在角落里哭泣（难过），下文中的“weeping by himself”也是提示，故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，对于自闭症儿童来说，处理陌生的社交环境是一个挑战。A. chances机会；B. adventures历险；C. prejudices偏见；D. situations状况、局面。根据上文语境和常识，对自闭症儿童来说，学校是一个陌生的社交环境，因为那里有很多新同学，故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. obtain获得；B. handle处理；C. adopt采取；D. confirm确认。根据语境和常识，学校里有很多新同学，对自闭症儿童来说，这是一个陌生的社交环境，是他们难以处理的，故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对康纳来说幸运的是，8岁的鲍勃也上了二年级，他注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣。A. wandering漫步；B. complaining抱怨；C. reflecting反映；D. struggling挣扎。根据上文康纳不与其他同学一起玩，只是站在角落里独自哭泣的情节可知，他在学校里很挣扎，故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃毫不犹豫地走到康纳跟前，握住他的手。A. principle原则；B. guidance指导；C. hesitation犹豫；D. method方法。根据上文语境，鲍勃注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣后丝毫没有犹豫，直接走到康纳跟前，握住他的手，故选C。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们一起走进学校时，康纳仍然明显地感到不安，紧紧抓住鲍勃的手。A. visibly显然；B. surprisingly惊讶地；C. regularly有规律地；D. deliberately故意地。康纳患有自闭症，因此他刚与人近距离接触时的不安是显而易见的，故选A。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃的母亲考特尼·摩尔目睹了这一幕，并给两个孩子拍了一张照片。A. emotion情感；B. scene情景、场面；C. aspect方面；D. atmosphere氛围。根据上文语境，此处指鲍勃和康纳手牵手走进学校这一情景，故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：摩尔在脸书上发布了这张照片，并写道：这充分证明了友谊是如何在最意想不到的时刻到来的。A. owned拥有；B. checked检查；C. took带走；D. posted发布。根据空后的“the photo on Facebook”可知，鲍勃的母亲考特尼·摩尔把鲍勃和康纳手牵手走进学校的照片发布在了脸书上，故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. unacceptable不可接受的。康纳是一个自闭症儿童，竟然和鲍勃手牵手一起走进学校，这是令人意想不到的，故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当康纳的母亲克里茨看到这张照片时，她感动得流下了眼泪。A. terrified惊恐的；B. moved感动的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。作为自闭症儿童的母亲，看到别的孩子愿意和自己的儿子交朋友，自然是十分感动，故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“友谊拯救了我的儿子。残疾不要紧，什么都不要紧，只要心地善良，敞开心扉。这是我们在这个寒冷的世界所需要的，温暖着我们”，康纳的母亲克里茨说。A. Luck运气；B. Faith信念；C. Companionship陪伴、友谊；D. Courage勇气。根据上文的讲述可知，鲍勃主动和自闭症儿童康纳交朋友，上文中的“friendship”也是提示，故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. inspires鼓舞；B. challenges挑战；C. enhances加强；D. warms使温暖。根据语境，此处与空前的cold形成对比，指“在这个寒冷的世界里让我们感到温暖”，故选D。
16．D 17．A 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是对五家酒店的信息介绍。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Our outdoor playground and indoor recreation room (娱乐室) mean the little ones will never be bored. Babysitting service available. (我们的室外操场和室内娱乐室意味着孩子们永远不会感到无聊。提供保姆服务)”可知，Rosewood旅馆提供保姆服务，最适合带六个月大的婴儿同行的夫妇。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“We have a selection of reception rooms and banquet rooms suitable for conferences and parties. Call 245-555-0982 to speak to our banquet coordinator (协调员), 245-555-0987 for dinner reservations at the Rooftop Restaurant, and 245-555-0862 to reserve a room. (我们有适合举行会议和聚会的各种接待室和宴会厅。拨打245-555-0982与我们的宴会协调员交谈，245-555-0987预订屋顶餐厅的晚餐，245-555-0862预订房间)”可知，要想找一个可以举办大型生日宴会的地方，游客可以联系电话245-555-0982与该酒店宴会协调员交谈。故选A。
18．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要针对旅游者提供了五处酒店信息。由此推知，本文最可能选自一本旅行指南。故选C。
19．B 20．B 21．C 22．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了为解决食物短缺问题，退休教师David建立了“Sharehouse”的故事。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In October 2020, when the House of Commons voted against extending free school meals into the holidays, David started strategising with the school headteacher: “I said: ‘What are we going to do about this?’” At the last minute, the local council stepped in to fund free holiday meals but a seed had been planted, leaving David pondering (沉思) the wider issue of local food poverty. “It was evident there was a need for food support within the area,” says David.”（2020年10月，当下议院投票反对将免费校餐延长到假期时，大卫开始与学校校长制定战略:“我说：‘我们该怎么办?’”在最后一刻，当地议会介入，为免费假日餐提供资金，但这一计划已经播下了种子，这让大卫开始思考当地食品贫困的更广泛问题。“很明显，该地区需要食物支持，”大卫说。）和第三段中“The group recruited (招募) volunteers and the project look shape. They chose the name “The Sharehouse””（该小组招募了志愿者，项目看起来很有条理。他们选择了“共享屋”这个名字。）可知，当局反对将免费校餐延长到假期，而David发现该地区需要食物支持，可推知，正是由于当局否认当地粮食短缺，使得David决定要建立Sharehouse，来解决粮食短缺的问题。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They chose the name “The Sharehouse”, rather than “food bank”, to reflect the fact that the project would meet not only the need for local food support, but also the pressing desire many expressed to do something meaningful at a time of crisis. ”（他们选择了“共享屋”这个名字，而不是“食物银行”，这反映了这个项目不仅要满足当地对食物支持的需求，而且要满足许多人在危机时期做一些有意义的事情的迫切愿望）可知。这个项目实施的目的不仅仅是解决人们的食物需求，而且满足许多人在危机时期做一些有意义的事情的迫切愿望，即它已经扩大了其设定时候的目标。故选B。
21．词句猜测题。根据划线句前半句“The Sharehouse has regulars”（“共享屋”有常客）后半句“leaving David to wonder what has happened. “I wonder where they are now; what they’re doing. ”（让大卫纳闷到底发生了什么事。“我不知道他们现在在哪里；他们在做什么。）可知，除了常客之外，其他人都不知道去哪了，可推知，划线部分此处指“消失”含义，故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For anyone wanting to volunteer, David’s advice is: “Be led by what inspires you, don’t be frightened and don’t overthink it.””（对于任何想做志愿者的人，大卫的建议是：“被激励你的东西所引导，不要害怕，也不要想太多。”）可知，在David看来，做志愿就要跟随自己的内心，故选A。
23．B 24．D 25．D 26．A
【分析】这是一篇议论文。旧金山提出了一项F提案限制房子短期租赁，这使得短期租赁软件Airbnb的很多用户反应激烈。文章介绍了Airbnb软件的影响和F提案支持者和反对者的看法。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段中“…as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services. (……因为旧金山选民推翻了一项有争议的规定，该规定将对短期租赁服务设置时间限制和其他规定。)”可知，F提案的目的是限制短期租赁。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，Airbnb对旧金山的负面影响是它间接导致了房屋租金高。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley. (旧金山坐落在一块可以俯瞰海湾的狭长裸露土地上，没有足够的空间容纳大量涌入硅谷的年轻高薪技术员工。)”可知，旧金山的住房危机是流动人口流入造成的。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. (该公司用近1000万美元的广告活动强烈反对F提案。)”和最后一段中“Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems. (反对F提案的人反驳说，住房危机要严重得多，通过这项规定只会阻碍一项受欢迎的服务，而对解决城市现有的问题几乎没有帮助。)” 可知，作者呈现了F提案反对者的观点；第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，作者呈现了F提案支持者的观点，因此在本文中，作者呈现了F提案反对者和支持者的相关观点，但是作者自己没有明确表示自己的立场，因此作者对F提案的态度是客观的。故选A项。
27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述最近一项研究，动物不仅具有理解数字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Different groups of animals obviously developed this trait independently from others and that strongly indicates that it has to be of adaptive value.(显然，不同的动物群体独立地发展了这种特性，这强烈表明它必须具有适应价值)”以及第二段列举的例子可知，不同的动物群体明显地独立于其他动物发展出这种特殊的数字能力，这强烈地表明它必须具有适应性价值。可推知，动物具有的数字能力是为了生存需要。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey: With prey like deer, only around six to eight wolves are needed, while hunting wild ox requires a pack of nine to thirteen.(如果狼群中狼群的数量与猎物的大小相符，狼更有可能成功捕食：像鹿这样的猎物，只需要大约6到8只狼，而捕猎野牛则需要9到13只狼)”可知，数字能力在狼的狩猎中能帮助它们形成狩猎群体。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Honeybees, for instance, can remember the number of landmarks they pass when searching for food in order to find their way back to the hive.(例如，蜜蜂可以记住它们在寻找食物时经过的地标的数量，以便找到回到蜂巢的路)”；“Also, for example, male frogs sing “advertisement” calls to attract females.(比如，雄性青蛙会用“广告”的声音来吸引雌性)”以及第三段中“Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey: With prey like deer, only around six to eight wolves are needed, while hunting wild ox requires a pack of nine to thirteen. Their prey also uses this concept to protect themselves from predators — deer tend to live in large herds to reduce the chance of any individual becoming prey.(如果狼群的数量与猎物的大小相匹配，狼更有可能成功捕猎：对于鹿这样的猎物，只需要6到8只狼，而猎杀野牛则需要9到13只。它们的猎物也用这个概念来保护自己免受捕食者的伤害——鹿倾向于大群生活，以减少任何个体成为猎物的机会)”可推知，文章中作者是通过举例子来说明的。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite these many examples of numerical competence in animals, this subject has not gotten many first-hand studies.(尽管有很多动物数学能力的例子，但这个课题还没有得到很多第一手的研究)”结合本文讲述最近一项研究，动物不仅具有理解数字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响，所以本文应该选自一篇科学报告。故选D。
31．G 32．B 33．D 34．F 35．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了颜色对人类的影响。
31．由空后的“In other words，people chose what the colors represented—blue in one culture could mean the opposite in another.（换句话说，人们选择了这些颜色所代表的意义——在一种文化中，蓝色可能在另一种文化中代表相反的意义。）”是对设空处所填内容的解释说明，G项内容“研究表明，每种文化都有不同的色彩使用体系。”与后文意义一致，故选G项。
32．根据第二段中“Studies in history suggest that new colors quickly became popular, probably because they were different. ”可知，历史研究表明，新颜色很快流行起来，可能是因为它们不同。该段主要描述“人们喜欢选择新颜色”这一现象，设空处作为全段中心句概括全段内容，故选B项。
33．根据空后 “And green can have a similar relaxing effect.（绿色也有类似的放松效果。）”可知，设空处也需要提到能使人放松的颜色，D选项“蓝色能使我们的身体释放化学物质使我们平静下来。”切题。故选D项。
34．根据后文“Research suggests that over the years, we have learned to recognize various colors as a warning.（研究表明，多年来，我们已经学会识别各种颜色作为一种警告。）”是F选项中关键词“an important reason（一个重要的原因）”的具体内容，即：我们之所以会对颜色做出相应是因为我们已经学会将颜色作为一种警告。故F选项“然而，也许我们对颜色的反应有一个重要的原因。”切题。故选F项。
35．空格后一句“Try serving a meal to your friends with the potatoes or rice colored blue.（试着用蓝色的土豆或米饭招待你的朋友。）”与选项E中的关键词“an experiment（一个实验）”相对应；该句中的“the potatoes or rice colored blue（被染成蓝色的土豆或大米）”与E项中的“food coloring（食物着色）”相对应，故选E项。
36．busiest 37．housed 38．performances 39．has changed 40．currently 41．armed 42．practising 43．a 44．to 45．who/that
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了京剧的发展和国家京剧公司新任副总裁田磊从事京剧演艺的经历。
36．考查形容词的最高级。句意：古时候，护国寺街是北京最繁忙的商业道路之一。分析句意再根据“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”可知，此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。故填busiest。
37．考查动词的时态。句意：它也是京剧大师梅兰芳(1894-1961)的住所。分析句式结构可知，空格处是谓语动词，根据上文中的was可知，本句的时态为一般过去时。故填housed。
38．考查名词。句意：在离梅家不远的地方，1954年，也就是中华人民共和国成立五年后，第一家京剧表演剧院成立了。分析句式结构可知，此处用名词作介词的宾语，此处performance“表演”是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，所以用复数形式表泛指。故填performances。
39．考查动词的时态。句意：几十年来，这个社区已经发生了变化，但剧院仍然屹立不倒，目前由国家京剧团管理。根据本句的时间状语over the decades可知，本句的时态应该用现在完成时，主语The neighborhood是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has changed。
40．考查副词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，修饰动词managed应该用副词。故填currently。
41．考查固定短语。句意：42岁的他穿着戏服，手持道具矛，自信地走在舞台上，练习各种武术动作，最后以一个“亮相”(在舞台上摆出一个姿势)结束练习。分析句意再根据提示词可知，此处用固定短语be armed with表示“装备有、配备有”，再分析句式结构，此处应省去be，用过去作状语。故填armed。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为practise和逻辑主语the 42-year -old之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语表主动关系。故填practising。
43．考查冠词。句意：田先生已经在剧团工作了10年。那里距离剧院有10分钟车程，他的同事们也在那里训练。分析句意可知，此处drive是名词，且10-minute以辅音因素开头，所以用冠词a泛指一个“10分钟车程”。故填a。
44．考查介词。句意：“在这里排演让我感觉更接近曾经登上舞台的京剧大师，”他说。分析句意再根据空格前的closer可知，此处用介词to构成固定搭配closer to表示“更接近”符合语境。故填to。
45．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词Peking Opera masters指人，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who/that来引导。故填who/that。
46．Dear Peter,
I know you have a preference for Chinese food and drink, so I’m writing to recommend a popular drink for breakfast — the soybean milk.
Just like tofu, soybean milk can also date back to Han dynasty. Its white color makes it look like a cup of milk, but it is actually made from beans. When heated, it gives off a refreshing smell. Additionally, it is delicious as well as nutritious since it’s rich in plant protein. As the research shows, soybean milk can help control blood pressure and keep the skin young.
If you are interested, why not have a try? I’m sure you’ll fall in love with it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封电子邮件给对中国饮食文化非常感兴趣的外教Peter，向他推荐一款中国传统餐饮。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 餐饮名称；
2. 简要描述此中国传统餐饮；
3. 推荐理由。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
have a preference for；the soybean milk；date back to；be made from；as well as；blood pressure；fall in love with
第三步：连词成句
1. I know you have a preference for Chinese food and drink, so I’m writing to recommend a popular drink for breakfast — the soybean milk.
2. soybean milk can also date back to Han dynasty.
3. but it is actually made from beans.
4. it is delicious as well as nutritious since it’s rich in plant protein.
5. I’m sure you’ll fall in love with it.
(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,
6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing
7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking
8.表选择：either…or…，or
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
47．Possible version:
The local vet was still at his office, so I loaded the poor creature into a taxi and headed there. After a quick check on the poor dog, the vet shook his head with regret. He promised me he would try his utmost but Shep was unlikely to get through it unless there is a miracle. While the vet treated the sores carefully, I tried to drop water in his mouth and fed him with food bit by bit. I never gave up hope of getting him saved. Many times I would caress his neck, whispering into his ears to encourage him to hold on. He was so weak that he had to stay in the vet’s.
Three days later, when I opened the door of the vet’s, Shep welcomed me with wild enthusiasm. He wagged his tail from left to right as if to say “Thank you”. He was gaining strength and improving for the better. Tears filling my eyes, I knew all our efforts were worthwhile. Soon, the dog recovered from severe sores and I adopted him and took him home. Once in a while, I would go to that bar with Shep, a drink for myself and a serve of potato chips for him. What would have happened if I hadn’t stepped out on that stormy night? Care and kindness really made a difference, to both of us.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者独自坐在小镇的老酒吧凝视着一百英尺外的水坑，水坑里有一团中等大小的东西，而外面在下着冰冷的大雨。经过长时间的思考，最终作者前去查看，发现水坑里确实是那只叫Shep的流浪狗，他已经奄奄一息。作者带Shep去看兽医，和兽医一起努力救助他。三天后作者再去诊所时Shep已经恢复体力，作者收养了他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容“当地的兽医还在他的办公室里，所以我把这可怜的动物装上一辆出租车直奔那里。”可知，第一段可描写作者带Shep去看兽医，和兽医一起努力救助他。
②.由第二段首句内容“三天后，当我打开兽医诊所的门时，Shep热情地欢迎我。”可知，第二段可描写三天后作者再去诊所时Shep已经恢复体力，此后作者收养了他。
2.续写线索：带Shep看兽医——情况不乐观——一起救助Shep ——Shep得救了——收养了Shep——作者的感慨
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.尽力：try one’ utmost/ try one’s best
②.低声说： whisper/ mutter/ speak in a low voice
情绪类
①.小心地：carefully/ with care
②.严重的：severe/ serious/ extremely bad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He promised me he would try his utmost but Shep was unlikely to get through it unless there is a miracle.（运用了由unless引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. While the vet treated the sores carefully, I tried to drop water in his mouth and fed him with food bit by bit.（运用了由while引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. He was so weak that he had to stay in the vet’s.（运用了由so…that引导的结果状语从句）
公安县第三中学2023-2024学年入学考试
高三英语
第I卷（选择题）
一、完形填空
This first day of school can be stressful for both parents and children．But for Connor Crites, an 8-year-old Kansas boy living with autism（自闭症）, it was 1 terrible, until another child 2 in．Connor Crites was beginning his second grade at Minneha Elementary School in Wichita, Kansas．But instead of mixing with other children and exploring the playground, Connor 3 himself from others and stood in a corner 4 ．
Now, unfamiliar social 5 can be challenging for autistic children to 6 ．But luckily for Connor, the 8-year-old Bob, who was also starting second grade, noticed him 7 and weeping by himself．Without 8 , Bob walked over to Connor and took his hand．Still 9 upset, Connor held on to Bob's hand as they walked together into school．
Bob's mother, Courtney Moore, witnessed the 10 and took a quick photo of the boys．She said, "He grabs his hand and walks him to the front door．We waited until the bell rang and he walked him inside of the school．The past is history．They have a firm bond．" Moore 11 the photo on Facebook and wrote: This lesson is a beautiful example of how friendship can come at the most 12 moments．When Connor's mother, Crites, saw the photo, she was 13 to tears．
" 14 saved my son．It doesn't matter the disability, and it doesn't matter anything, just be kind, and open your heart．It's what we need in this cold world, which 15 us," Crites said．
1．A．also B．even C．hardly D．yet
2．A．stepped B．called C．cut D．gave
3．A．divided B．prevented C．separated D．learned
4．A．howling B．sighing C．sobbing D．considering
5．A．chances B．adventures C．prejudices D．situations
6．A．obtain B．handle C．adopt D．confirm
7．A．wandering B．complaining C．reflecting D．struggling
8．A．principle B．guidance C．hesitation D．method
9．A．visibly B．surprisingly C．regularly D．deliberately
10．A．emotion B．scene C．aspect D．atmosphere
11．A．owned B．checked C．took D．posted
12．A．unexpected B．unforgettable C．unnecessary D．unacceptable
13．A．terrified B．moved C．frustrated D．embarrassed
14．A．Luck B．Faith C．Companionship D．Courage
15．A．inspires B．challenges C．enhances D．warms
第II卷（非选择题）
二、阅读理解
AREA HOTELS
Spend your vacation with us. We offer luxury suites (豪华套房), an Olympic-sized pool, a state-of-the-art fitness center, and a beauty spa. Leave business cares behind while you relax at the Rosewood Hotel. You’ll never want to leave! Call 800-555-0942 for reservations.
The Woodside Motel is the place to stay while visiting our city. After a day of sightseeing, relax in the comfort of your luxury room. All our rooms have king-sized beds, free movies, and mini-bars. Our outdoor playground and indoor recreation room (娱乐室) mean the little ones will never be bored. Babysitting service available. Enjoy your next family vacation at the Woodside Motel.
The Columbus Hotel is close to the city’s finest restaurants and clubs. Enjoy the wonderful view of the city skyline from the Columbus Rooftop Restaurant. Host your next conference or banquet (宴会) with us. We have a selection of reception rooms and banquet rooms suitable for conferences and parties. Call 245-555-0982 to speak to our banquet coordinator (协调员), 245-555-0987 for dinner reservations at the Rooftop Restaurant, and 245-555-0862 to reserve a room.
Next time you’re in town, stay at the City View Hotel. Whether you’re here to shop, play, or work, City View’s location can’t be beaten. We’re close to all major bus lines and right next to the city’s business district. All rooms include kitchens. Call 492-555-5932 for reservations. Don’t forget to ask about our special weekly and monthly prices.
The Sunflower Motel offers reasonable prices and cable TV in every room. Pets are welcome (extra charge applies). Special weekend prices. Call 488-555-0821 for reservations.
16．Which hotel is most suitable for a couple with a six-month-old baby?
A．The Rosewood Hotel. B．The Sunflower Motel.
C．The Columbus Hotel. D．The Woodside Motel.
17．What number may you call if you are looking for a place to hold a big birthday party?
A．245-555-0982. B．245-555-0862. C．492-555-5932. D．488-555-0821.
18．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A travel journal. B．A research paper. C．A tourist guidebook. D．A business report.
David is a retired teacher. In October 2020, when the House of Commons voted against extending free school meals into the holidays, David started strategising with the school headteacher: “I said: ‘What are we going to do about this?’” At the last minute, the local council stepped in to fund free holiday meals but a seed had been planted, leaving David pondering (沉思) the wider issue of local food poverty. “It was evident there was a need for food support within the area,” says David.
David contacted a group of local residents who had expressed an interest, plus two friends who had worked with the UK food bank charity the Trussell Trust—inviting them to join him on a Zoom call to discuss food poverty during the Covid crisis and beyond. “We decided, everybody together, that we could do something,” David says.
The group recruited (招募) volunteers and the project took shape. They chose the name “The Sharehouse”, rather than “food bank”, to reflect the fact that the project would meet not only the need for local food support, but also the pressing desire many expressed to do something meaningful at a time of crisis. “It’s like an exchange, rather than a bank,” says David.
The nonprofit opened just six weeks after that first call in December 2020. “We had seven people,” says David, but by the following week, they had 40 clients, and it built steadily. Now they support 100-plus families three times a week, and have gone from having 12 volunteers to about 40. It has also worked with local services to offer support on everything from addiction to debt and benefits advice.
Welcoming a client for the first time is often one of the hardest moments. “Having to sit with somebody new and let it unfold—it’s very raw.” The Sharehouse has regulars, but other people fall off the radar, leaving David to wonder what has happened. “I wonder where they are now; what they’re doing. It can be emotional.”
The Sharehouse serves as a reminder of how effective collective action and community can be. For anyone wanting to volunteer, David’s advice is: “Be led by what inspires you, don’t be frightened and don’t overthink it.”
19．Why did David found the Sharehouse?
A．Some of his neighbours are going hungry
B．The authorities denied local food poverty
C．He wanted to compete with the food bank charity
D．Local residents are unwilling to fund free holiday meals.
20．What do we know about the Sharehouse?
A．It has made a huge profit. B．It has expanded its ambitions.
C．It presses local people to donate. D．It exchanges food with the food bank.
21．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Complain. B．Struggle. C．Disappear. D．Proceed.
22．What is David’s advice to potential volunteers?
A．Follow your heart. B．Think before you act.
C．Provide for a rainy day. D．Do as the Romans do.
Last year, 138,000 San Francisco residents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.
The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.
Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.
The app has had unintended consequences in San Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.
“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices in San Francisco and other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.
San Francisco is in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley.
As the Los Angeles Times reported, some San Francisco residents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.
23．The intention of Proposition F is to ________.
A．place time limits in local election. B．set limits on short-term rental.
C．strike down a controversial rule. D．urge users to vote against Airbnb.
24．What is the negative consequence of Airbnb on San Francisco?
A．It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.
B．Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.
C．It makes the house market more competitive.
D．It indirectly leads to high house rental price.
25．The housing crisis in San Francisco results from ________.
A．explosion of the living cost B．its geographic characteristics
C．generosity of local enterprises D．inflow of migrant population
26．The author’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.
A．objective B．supportive
C．negative D．indifferent
“While animals can’t pick out precise numbers, they can understand that more is more. Interestingly, we know now that numerical competence is present on almost every branch of the animal tree of life,” says Andreas Nieder, a neurobiologist from the University of Tuebingen. “Different groups of animals obviously developed this competence independently from others and that strongly indicates that it has to be of adaptive value.”
Honeybees, for instance, can remember the number of landmarks they pass when searching for food in order to find their way back to the hive. The last common ancestor between honeybees and primates lived about 600 million years ago. But still, they evolved numerical competence that, in many respects, is comparable to vertebrate numerical competence. Also, for example, male frogs sing “advertisement” calls to attract females. The females, listening for the complexity of their calls, choose the male that sings the most calls.
Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey: With prey like deer, only around six to eight wolves are needed, while hunting wild ox requires a pack of nine to thirteen. Their prey also uses this concept to protect themselves from predators — deer tend to live in large herds to reduce the chance of any individual becoming prey. So obviously they are assessing the number of individuals in their groups for their everyday life situations.
Despite these many examples of numerical competence in animals, this subject has not gotten many first-hand studies. “Many of these behavioral findings in the wild have usually been collected as by-products or accidental findings of other research questions,” says Nieder. He argues that more research needs to be done to fully understand the numerical competence.
27．The phenomenon of animals having their own numerical competence shows that ________.
A．all groups of animals can know the exact numbers
B．numerical competence must have a survival benefit
C．animals’ intelligence varies with different environments
D．animals’ numerical competence is determined by their independence
28．What role does numerical competence play in wolves’ hunting?
A．It helps them form proper hunting groups. B．It gives them more options to hunt.
C．It makes them discover more prey. D．It offers them new skills to hunt.
29．How does the author mainly develop this text?
A．By listing figures. B．By asking questions.
C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons.
30．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A science report.
三、七选五
No one knows when we began using color, but we think that ancient cultures may have used colors to represent specific things. 31 In other words, people chose what the colors represented—blue in one culture could mean the opposite in another.
32 Studies in history suggest that new colors quickly became popular, probably because they were different. To take a more recent example, the first mass-produced cars were all black. When different colored paint was developed, people chose those colors because they were new. The same thing happened when color was introduced to other materials, such as plastic. The first color televisions didn't have very realistic colors, but almost everyone preferred them to black and white.
Colors also affect us on a deeper level. Experiments have shown that colors can have a physical effect on us. For example, red is said to make our breathing and heartbeat faster. 33 And green can have a similar relaxing effect.
34 Research suggests that over the years, we have learned to recognize various colors as a warning. If a primitive man cut his hand and saw his blood, the red color truly represented danger. Similarly, he would not eat meat if it was blue or green— something tells us that green or blue meat is bad. 35 Try serving a meal to your friends with the potatoes or rice colored blue. You know that the food is harmless, but your guests will probably not eat it. And when they refuse the food, they are using a universal ability that humans have developed over thousands of years.
A．Black is the color of authority and power.
B．People often choose colors that are new to them.
C．There are many reasons for the popularity of new colors.
D．Blue can make our bodies release chemicals that calm us down.
E．This is an experiment you can try for yourself with food coloring.
F．Perhaps there is an important reason for our reaction to color, however.
G．Research shows us that each culture had a different system for color use.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
Acting was, is and always will be the first love of the National Peking Opera Company’s new vice-president, Tian Lei, Chen Nan reports.
Huguosi Street was one of Beijing’s 36 (busy) commercial roads in the olden days. It also 37 (house) the residence of Peking Opera master Mei Lanfang (1894-1961). Not far from Mei’s address, the first theater for Peking Opera 38 (perform) was created in 1954, five years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
The neighborhood 39 (change) over the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is 40 (current) managed by the National Peking Opera Company. Tian Lei treasures the hours he spends there, training and rehearsing (排练). Wearing a costume and 41 (arm) with a prop spear (道具长矛), the 42-year -old walks confidently across the stage, 42 (practise) a variety of martial art movements, before ending the drill with a liangxiang (striking a pose on the stage).
Tian has been working with the opera company for 10 years. Its premises (处所) are 43 10 -minute drive from the theater and his colleagues train there. He, however, prefers the historic stage. “I come to the theater almost every day because I enjoy the peace and emptiness this building offers. Rehearsing here helps me feel closer 44 the Peking Opera masters 45 once graced the stage,” he says.
五、推荐信
46．假定你是李华，你的外教Peter对中国饮食文化非常感兴趣，他想请你推荐一款中国传统餐饮，请你写一封e-mail。
内容包括:1.餐饮名称；2.简要描述；3.推荐理由。
注意:1.词数80字左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A freezing downpour washed the street in front of the small-town bar. I sat gazing into the watery darkness, alone as usual. I had been in that old bar for half an hour, quietly drinking, when my thoughtful eyes finally focused on a medium-sized lump (一团) in a puddle (水洼) a hundred feet away. For another ten minutes, I looked out through the window trying to decide if the lump was an animal or just something.
The night before, a German dog named Shep had come into the bar begging for potato chips. He was starving and just the size of the lump in the puddle. Why should a dog lie in a cold puddle in the freezing rain? I asked myself. The answer was simple: Either it wasn’t a dog, or it was, he was too weak to get up.
The wound in my right shoulder ached all the way down my fingers. I didn’t want to go out in the storm. Hey, it wasn’t my dog. It was just a stray on a cold rainy night, a lonely drifter (流浪者). So was I, I thought, as I tossed (扔) down what was left of my drink and headed out the door.
He was lying in the three inches of water. When I touched him, he didn’t move. I thought he was dead. I put my hands around his chest and raised him to his feet. He stood unsteadily, and his head hung like a weight at the end of his neck. His floppy ears were just hairless pieces of flesh dotted with open sores (伤口).
“Come on, Shep,” I said, leading him to a corner next to the bar, where he lay on the cold cement and closed his eyes. A block away I could see the lights of a late-night convenience store. It was still open. I bought three cans of dog food and fed him. He couldn’t swallow but poorly look at me. He was dying!
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The local vet (兽医) was still at his office, so I loaded the poor creature into a taxi and headed there.
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Three days later, when I opened the door of the vet’s, Shep welcomed me with wild enthusiasm.
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参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了康纳·克里茨是一个自闭症儿童，性格孤僻，不愿与其他孩子一起玩，只是在角落里独自哭泣，8岁的鲍勃注意到这一点后，主动接近他并与他成为朋友，两个孩子甚至还一起手牵手去上学，他们之间的友谊让人感到温暖。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：开学的第一天对父母和孩子来说都是有压力的。但对于康纳·克里茨,堪萨斯州一个8岁的自闭症男孩，这甚至是可怕的，直到另一个孩子走进他的生活。A. also也；B. even甚至；C. hardly几乎不；D. yet还。根据空前一句可知，开学第一天对正常家庭的父母和孩子来说都是有压力的，对于自闭症男孩康纳·克里茨情况更糟，这甚至是可怕的，此处表示一种递进，故选B。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. stepped in步入；B. called in着急；C. cut in插嘴；D. gave in屈服。根据下文讲的同上二年级的鲍勃注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣后主动接近他并与他成为朋友可知，鲍勃走进了他的生活，故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：康纳·克里茨在堪萨斯州威奇托市的明尼哈小学上二年级，但他不和其他孩子一起在操场上玩，而是把自己和其他人分开，独自站在角落里哭泣。A. divided分成、分配；B. prevented阻止；C. separated分离；D. learned学习。根据语境和常识，康纳·克里茨患有自闭症，性格孤僻，不和别的孩子一起玩，separate oneself from sb，把自己与某人分开、不与某人一起……，故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. howling嚎叫；B. sighing叹气；C. sobbing啜泣；D. considering考虑。根据语境和常识，患有自闭症的孩子，性格孤僻，别的孩子在一起玩的时候，他应该是独自站在角落里哭泣（难过），下文中的“weeping by himself”也是提示，故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，对于自闭症儿童来说，处理陌生的社交环境是一个挑战。A. chances机会；B. adventures历险；C. prejudices偏见；D. situations状况、局面。根据上文语境和常识，对自闭症儿童来说，学校是一个陌生的社交环境，因为那里有很多新同学，故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. obtain获得；B. handle处理；C. adopt采取；D. confirm确认。根据语境和常识，学校里有很多新同学，对自闭症儿童来说，这是一个陌生的社交环境，是他们难以处理的，故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对康纳来说幸运的是，8岁的鲍勃也上了二年级，他注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣。A. wandering漫步；B. complaining抱怨；C. reflecting反映；D. struggling挣扎。根据上文康纳不与其他同学一起玩，只是站在角落里独自哭泣的情节可知，他在学校里很挣扎，故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃毫不犹豫地走到康纳跟前，握住他的手。A. principle原则；B. guidance指导；C. hesitation犹豫；D. method方法。根据上文语境，鲍勃注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣后丝毫没有犹豫，直接走到康纳跟前，握住他的手，故选C。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们一起走进学校时，康纳仍然明显地感到不安，紧紧抓住鲍勃的手。A. visibly显然；B. surprisingly惊讶地；C. regularly有规律地；D. deliberately故意地。康纳患有自闭症，因此他刚与人近距离接触时的不安是显而易见的，故选A。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃的母亲考特尼·摩尔目睹了这一幕，并给两个孩子拍了一张照片。A. emotion情感；B. scene情景、场面；C. aspect方面；D. atmosphere氛围。根据上文语境，此处指鲍勃和康纳手牵手走进学校这一情景，故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：摩尔在脸书上发布了这张照片，并写道：这充分证明了友谊是如何在最意想不到的时刻到来的。A. owned拥有；B. checked检查；C. took带走；D. posted发布。根据空后的“the photo on Facebook”可知，鲍勃的母亲考特尼·摩尔把鲍勃和康纳手牵手走进学校的照片发布在了脸书上，故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. unacceptable不可接受的。康纳是一个自闭症儿童，竟然和鲍勃手牵手一起走进学校，这是令人意想不到的，故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当康纳的母亲克里茨看到这张照片时，她感动得流下了眼泪。A. terrified惊恐的；B. moved感动的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。作为自闭症儿童的母亲，看到别的孩子愿意和自己的儿子交朋友，自然是十分感动，故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“友谊拯救了我的儿子。残疾不要紧，什么都不要紧，只要心地善良，敞开心扉。这是我们在这个寒冷的世界所需要的，温暖着我们”，康纳的母亲克里茨说。A. Luck运气；B. Faith信念；C. Companionship陪伴、友谊；D. Courage勇气。根据上文的讲述可知，鲍勃主动和自闭症儿童康纳交朋友，上文中的“friendship”也是提示，故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. inspires鼓舞；B. challenges挑战；C. enhances加强；D. warms使温暖。根据语境，此处与空前的cold形成对比，指“在这个寒冷的世界里让我们感到温暖”，故选D。
16．D 17．A 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是对五家酒店的信息介绍。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Our outdoor playground and indoor recreation room (娱乐室) mean the little ones will never be bored. Babysitting service available. (我们的室外操场和室内娱乐室意味着孩子们永远不会感到无聊。提供保姆服务)”可知，Rosewood旅馆提供保姆服务，最适合带六个月大的婴儿同行的夫妇。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“We have a selection of reception rooms and banquet rooms suitable for conferences and parties. Call 245-555-0982 to speak to our banquet coordinator (协调员), 245-555-0987 for dinner reservations at the Rooftop Restaurant, and 245-555-0862 to reserve a room. (我们有适合举行会议和聚会的各种接待室和宴会厅。拨打245-555-0982与我们的宴会协调员交谈，245-555-0987预订屋顶餐厅的晚餐，245-555-0862预订房间)”可知，要想找一个可以举办大型生日宴会的地方，游客可以联系电话245-555-0982与该酒店宴会协调员交谈。故选A。
18．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要针对旅游者提供了五处酒店信息。由此推知，本文最可能选自一本旅行指南。故选C。
19．B 20．B 21．C 22．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了为解决食物短缺问题，退休教师David建立了“Sharehouse”的故事。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In October 2020, when the House of Commons voted against extending free school meals into the holidays, David started strategising with the school headteacher: “I said: ‘What are we going to do about this?’” At the last minute, the local council stepped in to fund free holiday meals but a seed had been planted, leaving David pondering (沉思) the wider issue of local food poverty. “It was evident there was a need for food support within the area,” says David.”（2020年10月，当下议院投票反对将免费校餐延长到假期时，大卫开始与学校校长制定战略:“我说：‘我们该怎么办?’”在最后一刻，当地议会介入，为免费假日餐提供资金，但这一计划已经播下了种子，这让大卫开始思考当地食品贫困的更广泛问题。“很明显，该地区需要食物支持，”大卫说。）和第三段中“The group recruited (招募) volunteers and the project look shape. They chose the name “The Sharehouse””（该小组招募了志愿者，项目看起来很有条理。他们选择了“共享屋”这个名字。）可知，当局反对将免费校餐延长到假期，而David发现该地区需要食物支持，可推知，正是由于当局否认当地粮食短缺，使得David决定要建立Sharehouse，来解决粮食短缺的问题。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They chose the name “The Sharehouse”, rather than “food bank”, to reflect the fact that the project would meet not only the need for local food support, but also the pressing desire many expressed to do something meaningful at a time of crisis. ”（他们选择了“共享屋”这个名字，而不是“食物银行”，这反映了这个项目不仅要满足当地对食物支持的需求，而且要满足许多人在危机时期做一些有意义的事情的迫切愿望）可知。这个项目实施的目的不仅仅是解决人们的食物需求，而且满足许多人在危机时期做一些有意义的事情的迫切愿望，即它已经扩大了其设定时候的目标。故选B。
21．词句猜测题。根据划线句前半句“The Sharehouse has regulars”（“共享屋”有常客）后半句“leaving David to wonder what has happened. “I wonder where they are now; what they’re doing. ”（让大卫纳闷到底发生了什么事。“我不知道他们现在在哪里；他们在做什么。）可知，除了常客之外，其他人都不知道去哪了，可推知，划线部分此处指“消失”含义，故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For anyone wanting to volunteer, David’s advice is: “Be led by what inspires you, don’t be frightened and don’t overthink it.””（对于任何想做志愿者的人，大卫的建议是：“被激励你的东西所引导，不要害怕，也不要想太多。”）可知，在David看来，做志愿就要跟随自己的内心，故选A。
23．B 24．D 25．D 26．A
【分析】这是一篇议论文。旧金山提出了一项F提案限制房子短期租赁，这使得短期租赁软件Airbnb的很多用户反应激烈。文章介绍了Airbnb软件的影响和F提案支持者和反对者的看法。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段中“…as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services. (……因为旧金山选民推翻了一项有争议的规定，该规定将对短期租赁服务设置时间限制和其他规定。)”可知，F提案的目的是限制短期租赁。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，Airbnb对旧金山的负面影响是它间接导致了房屋租金高。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley. (旧金山坐落在一块可以俯瞰海湾的狭长裸露土地上，没有足够的空间容纳大量涌入硅谷的年轻高薪技术员工。)”可知，旧金山的住房危机是流动人口流入造成的。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. (该公司用近1000万美元的广告活动强烈反对F提案。)”和最后一段中“Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems. (反对F提案的人反驳说，住房危机要严重得多，通过这项规定只会阻碍一项受欢迎的服务，而对解决城市现有的问题几乎没有帮助。)” 可知，作者呈现了F提案反对者的观点；第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，作者呈现了F提案支持者的观点，因此在本文中，作者呈现了F提案反对者和支持者的相关观点，但是作者自己没有明确表示自己的立场，因此作者对F提案的态度是客观的。故选A项。
27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述最近一项研究，动物不仅具有理解数字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Different groups of animals obviously developed this trait independently from others and that strongly indicates that it has to be of adaptive value.(显然，不同的动物群体独立地发展了这种特性，这强烈表明它必须具有适应价值)”以及第二段列举的例子可知，不同的动物群体明显地独立于其他动物发展出这种特殊的数字能力，这强烈地表明它必须具有适应性价值。可推知，动物具有的数字能力是为了生存需要。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey: With prey like deer, only around six to eight wolves are needed, while hunting wild ox requires a pack of nine to thirteen.(如果狼群中狼群的数量与猎物的大小相符，狼更有可能成功捕食：像鹿这样的猎物，只需要大约6到8只狼，而捕猎野牛则需要9到13只狼)”可知，数字能力在狼的狩猎中能帮助它们形成狩猎群体。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Honeybees, for instance, can remember the number of landmarks they pass when searching for food in order to find their way back to the hive.(例如，蜜蜂可以记住它们在寻找食物时经过的地标的数量，以便找到回到蜂巢的路)”；“Also, for example, male frogs sing “advertisement” calls to attract females.(比如，雄性青蛙会用“广告”的声音来吸引雌性)”以及第三段中“Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey: With prey like deer, only around six to eight wolves are needed, while hunting wild ox requires a pack of nine to thirteen. Their prey also uses this concept to protect themselves from predators — deer tend to live in large herds to reduce the chance of any individual becoming prey.(如果狼群的数量与猎物的大小相匹配，狼更有可能成功捕猎：对于鹿这样的猎物，只需要6到8只狼，而猎杀野牛则需要9到13只。它们的猎物也用这个概念来保护自己免受捕食者的伤害——鹿倾向于大群生活，以减少任何个体成为猎物的机会)”可推知，文章中作者是通过举例子来说明的。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite these many examples of numerical competence in animals, this subject has not gotten many first-hand studies.(尽管有很多动物数学能力的例子，但这个课题还没有得到很多第一手的研究)”结合本文讲述最近一项研究，动物不仅具有理解数字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响，所以本文应该选自一篇科学报告。故选D。
31．G 32．B 33．D 34．F 35．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了颜色对人类的影响。
31．由空后的“In other words，people chose what the colors represented—blue in one culture could mean the opposite in another.（换句话说，人们选择了这些颜色所代表的意义——在一种文化中，蓝色可能在另一种文化中代表相反的意义。）”是对设空处所填内容的解释说明，G项内容“研究表明，每种文化都有不同的色彩使用体系。”与后文意义一致，故选G项。
32．根据第二段中“Studies in history suggest that new colors quickly became popular, probably because they were different. ”可知，历史研究表明，新颜色很快流行起来，可能是因为它们不同。该段主要描述“人们喜欢选择新颜色”这一现象，设空处作为全段中心句概括全段内容，故选B项。
33．根据空后 “And green can have a similar relaxing effect.（绿色也有类似的放松效果。）”可知，设空处也需要提到能使人放松的颜色，D选项“蓝色能使我们的身体释放化学物质使我们平静下来。”切题。故选D项。
34．根据后文“Research suggests that over the years, we have learned to recognize various colors as a warning.（研究表明，多年来，我们已经学会识别各种颜色作为一种警告。）”是F选项中关键词“an important reason（一个重要的原因）”的具体内容，即：我们之所以会对颜色做出相应是因为我们已经学会将颜色作为一种警告。故F选项“然而，也许我们对颜色的反应有一个重要的原因。”切题。故选F项。
35．空格后一句“Try serving a meal to your friends with the potatoes or rice colored blue.（试着用蓝色的土豆或米饭招待你的朋友。）”与选项E中的关键词“an experiment（一个实验）”相对应；该句中的“the potatoes or rice colored blue（被染成蓝色的土豆或大米）”与E项中的“food coloring（食物着色）”相对应，故选E项。
36．busiest 37．housed 38．performances 39．has changed 40．currently 41．armed 42．practising 43．a 44．to 45．who/that
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了京剧的发展和国家京剧公司新任副总裁田磊从事京剧演艺的经历。
36．考查形容词的最高级。句意：古时候，护国寺街是北京最繁忙的商业道路之一。分析句意再根据“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”可知，此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。故填busiest。
37．考查动词的时态。句意：它也是京剧大师梅兰芳(1894-1961)的住所。分析句式结构可知，空格处是谓语动词，根据上文中的was可知，本句的时态为一般过去时。故填housed。
38．考查名词。句意：在离梅家不远的地方，1954年，也就是中华人民共和国成立五年后，第一家京剧表演剧院成立了。分析句式结构可知，此处用名词作介词的宾语，此处performance“表演”是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，所以用复数形式表泛指。故填performances。
39．考查动词的时态。句意：几十年来，这个社区已经发生了变化，但剧院仍然屹立不倒，目前由国家京剧团管理。根据本句的时间状语over the decades可知，本句的时态应该用现在完成时，主语The neighborhood是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has changed。
40．考查副词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，修饰动词managed应该用副词。故填currently。
41．考查固定短语。句意：42岁的他穿着戏服，手持道具矛，自信地走在舞台上，练习各种武术动作，最后以一个“亮相”(在舞台上摆出一个姿势)结束练习。分析句意再根据提示词可知，此处用固定短语be armed with表示“装备有、配备有”，再分析句式结构，此处应省去be，用过去作状语。故填armed。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为practise和逻辑主语the 42-year -old之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语表主动关系。故填practising。
43．考查冠词。句意：田先生已经在剧团工作了10年。那里距离剧院有10分钟车程，他的同事们也在那里训练。分析句意可知，此处drive是名词，且10-minute以辅音因素开头，所以用冠词a泛指一个“10分钟车程”。故填a。
44．考查介词。句意：“在这里排演让我感觉更接近曾经登上舞台的京剧大师，”他说。分析句意再根据空格前的closer可知，此处用介词to构成固定搭配closer to表示“更接近”符合语境。故填to。
45．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词Peking Opera masters指人，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who/that来引导。故填who/that。
46．Dear Peter,
I know you have a preference for Chinese food and drink, so I’m writing to recommend a popular drink for breakfast — the soybean milk.
Just like tofu, soybean milk can also date back to Han dynasty. Its white color makes it look like a cup of milk, but it is actually made from beans. When heated, it gives off a refreshing smell. Additionally, it is delicious as well as nutritious since it’s rich in plant protein. As the research shows, soybean milk can help control blood pressure and keep the skin young.
If you are interested, why not have a try? I’m sure you’ll fall in love with it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封电子邮件给对中国饮食文化非常感兴趣的外教Peter，向他推荐一款中国传统餐饮。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 餐饮名称；
2. 简要描述此中国传统餐饮；
3. 推荐理由。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
have a preference for；the soybean milk；date back to；be made from；as well as；blood pressure；fall in love with
第三步：连词成句
1. I know you have a preference for Chinese food and drink, so I’m writing to recommend a popular drink for breakfast — the soybean milk.
2. soybean milk can also date back to Han dynasty.
3. but it is actually made from beans.
4. it is delicious as well as nutritious since it’s rich in plant protein.
5. I’m sure you’ll fall in love with it.
(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,
6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing
7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking
8.表选择：either…or…，or
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
47．Possible version:
The local vet was still at his office, so I loaded the poor creature into a taxi and headed there. After a quick check on the poor dog, the vet shook his head with regret. He promised me he would try his utmost but Shep was unlikely to get through it unless there is a miracle. While the vet treated the sores carefully, I tried to drop water in his mouth and fed him with food bit by bit. I never gave up hope of getting him saved. Many times I would caress his neck, whispering into his ears to encourage him to hold on. He was so weak that he had to stay in the vet’s.
Three days later, when I opened the door of the vet’s, Shep welcomed me with wild enthusiasm. He wagged his tail from left to right as if to say “Thank you”. He was gaining strength and improving for the better. Tears filling my eyes, I knew all our efforts were worthwhile. Soon, the dog recovered from severe sores and I adopted him and took him home. Once in a while, I would go to that bar with Shep, a drink for myself and a serve of potato chips for him. What would have happened if I hadn’t stepped out on that stormy night? Care and kindness really made a difference, to both of us.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者独自坐在小镇的老酒吧凝视着一百英尺外的水坑，水坑里有一团中等大小的东西，而外面在下着冰冷的大雨。经过长时间的思考，最终作者前去查看，发现水坑里确实是那只叫Shep的流浪狗，他已经奄奄一息。作者带Shep去看兽医，和兽医一起努力救助他。三天后作者再去诊所时Shep已经恢复体力，作者收养了他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容“当地的兽医还在他的办公室里，所以我把这可怜的动物装上一辆出租车直奔那里。”可知，第一段可描写作者带Shep去看兽医，和兽医一起努力救助他。
②.由第二段首句内容“三天后，当我打开兽医诊所的门时，Shep热情地欢迎我。”可知，第二段可描写三天后作者再去诊所时Shep已经恢复体力，此后作者收养了他。
2.续写线索：带Shep看兽医——情况不乐观——一起救助Shep ——Shep得救了——收养了Shep——作者的感慨
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.尽力：try one’ utmost/ try one’s best
②.低声说： whisper/ mutter/ speak in a low voice
情绪类
①.小心地：carefully/ with care
②.严重的：severe/ serious/ extremely bad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He promised me he would try his utmost but Shep was unlikely to get through it unless there is a miracle.（运用了由unless引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. While the vet treated the sores carefully, I tried to drop water in his mouth and fed him with food bit by bit.（运用了由while引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. He was so weak that he had to stay in the vet’s.（运用了由so…that引导的结果状语从句）
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