江西省景德镇市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期6月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份江西省景德镇市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期6月期末试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
景德镇市2022-2023学年度下学期期末质量检测卷
高一英语
注意事项：1. 答题前，考生在答题卡上务必将自己的姓名、班级填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now?
A. 9:30. B. 10:00. C. 10:30.
2. What is the woman going to do?
A. Go for a walk. B. Have an interview. C. Buy some milk
3. Why is Emma tired?
A. She has just finished a report.
B. She climbed a mountain.
C. She did a lot of housework.
4. Where are the speakers going?
A. To a factory. B. To a restaurant. C. To a supermarket.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A trip. B. An umbrella. C. The weather.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which of the following does the man dislike?
A. Eggs. B. Lemons. C. Milk.
7. What will the man do next?
A. Complete his work. B. Help prepare lunch. C. Get the woman some water.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. When did the speakers last see their parents?
A. A year ago. B. Half a year ago C. Three months ago.
9. Who will buy a cake?
A. Elaine. B. George. C. Selina.
10. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a car. B. At home. C. In a bakery.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman recommend first?
A. A gray silk tie. B. A brown leather wallet. C. A black leather wallet.
12. Why does the boy refuse to buy the brown wallet?
A. His father might dislike its design.
B. He isn’t fond of its color.
C. It’s too expensive for him.
13. How much will the boy pay?
A. $35. B. $40. C. $55.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. When did the man watch the movie Mr. Brown mentioned?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
15. What does the woman think of the movie she saw last week?
A. It is fascinating. B. It is boring. C. It is just so-so.
16. What type of movies is the man’s favorite?
A Science fiction movies. B. Action movies. C. Horror movies
17. Where will the speakers meet first next Sunday?
A. At the cafe. B. At the cinema. C. At the man’s house.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. On which floor is the outdoor pool at Hotel Posada Freeman?
A. The 12th floor. B. The 11th floor. C. The 1st floor.
19. What do we know about Casa Roxana Bungalows?
A. It’s simply furnished but quite clean.
B. Each room costs only about $15 a night.
C. It’s across the street from Olas Altas Beach.
20. What is special about Hotel Posada La Mision?
A. It is located in the west of Playa Madera.
B. It has a big bar on the top floor.
C. It has ancient red wood windows.
第二部分阅读理解
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wherever you go throughout the globe, everybody is keen on celebrating. And when it comes to celebration, festivals, in most cases, offer something for everyone.
Mardi Gras (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Also known as Fat Tuesday, Mardi Gras in New Orleans is a cultural event. Though the celebration is held every year on the day before Ash Wednesday, the festivities last for months, banning in November throughout January and early February. And if you love music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world-famous Tipitina’s on Lundi Gras(the day before Mardi Gras).
La Tomatina (Valencia, Spain)
Launched way back in 1945, La Tomatina is one of the oldest festivals on our list. It’s also easily the happiest but the messiest, coming off like the world’s biggest food fight.
Legend has it that the whole thing started when some local boys joined a parade alongside musicians. The boys made the performers so angry that they tried hit the boys, and a vendor’s(小摊贩) vegetable stand fell victim to the incident.
If you go, please follow some simple rules: Don’t throw hard objects, squash the tomato before throwing it, stay a safe distance away from tomato trucks, and stop in time.
Montreux Jazz Festival (Switzerland)
Founded back in 1967, Montreux is one of the oldest music festivals in the world. It’s also the second largest jazz festival, after the Montreal International Jazz Festival. That Canadian concert may attract more visitors-around 2 million annually. But Montreux benefits from its pretty location on the attractive shores of Lake Geneva. The area is particularly beautiful in late June/early July, when the festival is held.
1. In which event can you have an untidy experience?
A. Mardi Gras. B. Lundi Gras.
C. Montreux Jazz Festival. D. La Tomatina.
2. Where can you witness the largest music festivals?
A. Montreux Jazz Festival s. B. Valencia, Spain.
C. Montreal International Jazz Festival. D. New Orleans, Louisiana.
3. Where can you read the passage probably?
A. News report. B. Tourism journal.
C. Concert brochure. D. Academic magazine.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上几个地方的节日庆祝方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据La Tomatina (Valencia, Spain)中的第一段“It’s also easily the happiest but the messiest, coming off like the world’s biggest food fight. (它也很容易成为世界上最快乐但最混乱的国家，就像世界上最大的食物大战一样。)”可知，番茄狂欢节你会有不整洁的体验。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Montreux Jazz Festival (Switzerland)中“Founded back in 1967, Montreux is one of the oldest music festivals in the world. It’s also the second largest jazz festival, after the Montreal International Jazz Festival. (蒙特勒音乐节成立于1967年，是世界上最古老的音乐节之一。这也是仅次于蒙特利尔国际爵士音乐节的第二大爵士音乐节。)”可知，蒙特利尔国际爵士音乐节是最大的音乐节。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Wherever you go throughout the globe, everybody is keen on celebrating. And when it comes to celebration, festivals, in most cases, offer something for everyone. (无论你走到世界各地，每个人都热衷于庆祝。说到庆祝，节日，在大多数情况下，为每个人提供一些东西。)”及全文可知，文章是介绍了世界几个地方的节日庆祝，所以它可能来自一本旅游杂志。故选B。
B
This grandmother may have a new life after a billionaire noticed her determination to help people in an area struck by a hurricane.
The woman, Plaxedes Dilon, is used to walking long distances around her home for work. The 70-year-old woman makes a living by selling clothes. She wakes up at four every morning and travels across the region to do her business. She had just returned to her home in Harare, Zimbabwe earlier this week when she heard about a hurricane on the radio.
The storm, which is currently regarded as one of the worst hurricanes to hit the Southern hemisphere (南半球), blew through parts of Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Malawi. Upon learning about the result of the storm, Dilon immediately filled a bag with kitchen supplies and clothes that she had intended to sell. She wanted to take them all to a disaster relief area. Because she did not have any money for a bus ticket, she walked for 10 miles and gave the supplies to a local church.
The church praised her good deed by posting a photo of her and her huge supply bag on social media. After it was shared by thousands of people, it finally caught the eye of Strive Masiyiwa. Masiyiwa is currently placed as one of the richest people in Africa by Forbes. He and his company have been putting a great deal of effort into providing aid to those areas in need. Upon reading Dilon’s story on social media, the man promised to reward her for her efforts.
When asked about her good deed, Dilon simply said that it was her duty as a human being to help other people. “Being able to feel each other’s pain and to carry each other’s burden is what makes humans greater and better than other species,” the granny said with a smile. “What you give out in the world is what you receive back.”
4. We can infer from the text that Dilon ______.
A. lives a hard life by doing odd jobs
B. is much too old to live on her own
C. is one of those awaiting help in a disaster
D. was saved by a billionaire in the hurricane
5. According to the text, what happened to Dilon?
A. She lost all the money she had saved due to the hurricane.
B. She was forced to leave her home after the hurricane.
C. She met a billionaire on her way to the local church.
D. Parts of her country were strack by a serious hurricane.
6. How did Dilon give a hand after the hurricane?
A. By calling on people to donate clothes.
B. By posting the news on social media.
C. By walking for miles to donate her supplies.
D. By asking Strive Masiyiwa for help.
7. What is the main idea of the text?
A. The serious results of a hurricane in.
B. The story of a grandmother and a billionaire.
C. The bad experience a grandmother had in a hurricane.
D. A kind-hearted grandmother rewarded for her good deed.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了津巴布韦一位老奶奶走了10英里，把一些生活用品和衣物送往飓风受灾地区。受到这位老人善行的激励，一位亿万富翁为灾区人们伸出援助之手。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The woman, Plaxedes Dilon, is used to walking long distances around her home for work. The 70-year-old woman makes a living by selling clothes. She wakes up at four every morning and travels across the region to do her business.(这位名叫Plaxedes Dilon的女士习惯于在家里走很远的路去上班。这位70岁的老妇人靠卖衣服为生。她每天早上4点起床，穿越整个地区去做生意)”可推知，Dilon靠卖衣服过着艰苦的生活。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She had just returned to her home in Harare, Zimbabwe earlier this week when she heard about a hurricane on the radio.(本周早些时候，她刚回到津巴布韦哈拉雷的家中，就从广播中听到飓风的消息。)”可知，Dilon的家在津巴布韦。而根据第三段“The storm, which is currently regarded as one of the worst hurricanes to hit the Southern hemisphere(南半球), blew through parts of Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Malawi.(这场风暴目前被认为是袭击南半球最严重的飓风之一，它席卷了莫桑比克、津巴布韦和马拉维的部分地区)”可知，该风暴席卷了莫桑比克、津巴布韦和马拉维的部分地区。由此推断，Dilon的家乡的部分地区也遭遇了飓风。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Upon learning about the result of the storm, Dilon immediately filled a bag with kitchen supplies and clothes that she had intended to sell. She wanted to take them all to a disaster relief area. Because she did not have any money for a bus ticket, she walked for 10 miles and gave the supplies to a local church.(在得知风暴的结果后，Dilon立即装满了一个袋子，里面装满了她打算卖掉的厨房用品和衣服。她想把他们都带到灾区。因为没有钱买车票，她走了10英里，把这些东西捐给了当地的教堂)”可知，Dilon得知风暴的结果后，收拾了厨房用品和衣服，步行到了受灾地区把这些东西捐给当地教堂。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This grandmother may have a new life after a billionaire noticed her determination to help people in an area struck by a hurricane.(一位亿万富翁注意到这位老奶奶决心帮助遭受飓风袭击地区的人们后，她可能有了新的生活)”以及文章第四段“The church praised her good deed by posting a photo of her and her huge supply bag on social media. After it was shared by thousands of people, it finally caught the eye of Strive Masiyiwa. Masiyiwa is currently placed as one of the richest people in Africa by Forbes. He and his company have been putting a great deal of effort into providing aid to those areas in need. Upon reading Dilon’s story on social media, the man promised to reward her for her efforts.(教堂在社交媒体上发布了一张她和她的巨大补给袋的照片，称赞了她的善行。在被成千上万的人分享后，它终于引起了Strive Masiyiwa的注意。Masiyiwa目前被福布斯评为非洲最富有的人之一。他和他的公司一直在努力向有需要的地区提供援助。在社交媒体上看到Dilon的故事后，这名男子承诺会奖励她的努力)”可知，文章主要讲述的是一位老人将会因为自己的善行而得到奖励，拥有不一样的生活。故选D。
C
Throughout folktale, tales of shapeshifting creatures, from wolves to vampires, have often spread horror across a variety of cultures. But these physical transformations are not limited to the pages of fiction.
A review article suggests that climate change could be physically altering a variety of species across the planet, as individuals change their shape to suit the rising temperatures across the world. Features such as tails, legs and ears are changing to provide different levels of heat exchange with the environment. Warm-blooded animals tend to have longer ears, tails, and limbs if they live in warmer conditions, compared with similar animals in colder places. The long body parts provide a bigger skin surface that they can use to get rid of extra heat.
While the changes occur across a range of species, they’re not universal across every animal considered. These adaptations may be beneficial in the short to medium term, but as the climate continues to change, animals can not continually adapt. At some point, the trade-off won’t be beneficial anymore, which could lead to population declines and even extinction. So, while a larger beak may be useful for species wanting to lose more heat, if it makes the beak more impractical for feeding then it may end up being more of a disadvantage for the birds. There are also a variety of other ways of controlling body temperature that don’t require changes in body shape, such as behavioral changes like making use of shade and migrating at warmer times of year.
Of course, to some extent we already know what’s needed to limit the emptiness of the future natural world. This includes reducing greenhouse gases; protecting biodiversity; restoring connectivity between habitats; and reducing interrelated threats like pollution and land harvesting. Even species that are close to extinction can be brought back from the edge with enough conservation effort.
8. What’s the function of Paragraph 1?
A. To show the prevalence of shapeshifting creatures.
B. To introduce the topic of animals’ physical changes.
C. To stress the fear caused by shapeshifting creatures.
D. To list examples of shapeshifting creatures in folktales.
9. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is TURE?
A. Animals extend some of their body parts to achieve better cooling effect.
B. Climate change is having a huge impact on almost every species on the earth.
C. Animals transform their physical features to adapt to the drop of temperatures.
D. Warm-blooded animals in colder places are more likely to have longer body parts.
10. Why does the author mention the example of “a larger beak” in Paragraph 3?
A. To warn that some changes in animals’ body parts do no good at all.
B. To indicate that the rising temperatures have caused birds more harm.
C. To introduce behavioral changes as a better way to deal with climate change.
D. To demonstrate the limited or even negative effect of physical transformations.
11. What’s the author’s attitude toward the future of the natural world?
A. Doubtful. B. Hopeful. C. Indifferent. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了世界气候的变化导致动物的外形也相应发生了改变，文章介绍了这种改变的一些局限性以及作者对自然界未来的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Throughout folktale, tales of shapeshifting creatures, from wolves to vampires, have often spread horror across a variety of cultures. But these physical transformations are not limited to the pages of fiction.(在民间故事中，从狼到吸血鬼的变形生物的故事经常在不同的文化中传播恐怖。但这些物理上的转变并不局限于小说)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入动物身体变化的话题。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Warm-blooded animals tend to have longer ears, tails, and limbs if they live in warmer conditions, compared with similar animals in colder places. The long body parts provide a bigger skin surface that they can use to get rid of extra heat.(温血动物如果生活在温暖的环境中，它们的耳朵、尾巴和四肢就会比生活在寒冷地区的同类动物长。长身体部位提供了一个更大的皮肤表面，它们可以用来排除多余的热量)”可知，A选项“动物延长身体的一些部位来达到更好的降温效果”正确。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While the changes occur across a range of species, they’re not universal across every animal considered. These adaptations may be beneficial in the short to medium term, but as the climate continues to change, animals can not continually adapt. At some point, the trade-off won’t be beneficial anymore, which could lead to population declines and even extinction. So, while a larger beak may be useful for species wanting to lose more heat, if it makes the beak more impractical for feeding then it may end up being more of a disadvantage for the birds. There are also a variety of other ways of controlling body temperature that don’t require changes in body shape, such as behavioral changes like making use of shade and migrating at warmer times of year. (虽然这种变化发生在一系列物种中，但并不是在所有被考虑的动物中都普遍存在。这些适应在短期到中期可能是有益的，但随着气候的持续变化，动物无法持续适应。在某种程度上，这种取舍将不再有利，这可能导致种群数量下降，甚至灭绝。因此，虽然大喙对于想要失去更多热量的物种来说是有用的，但如果它使喙不适合进食，那么它可能会对鸟类更不利。还有很多其他不需要改变体型就能控制体温的方法，比如行为上的改变，比如利用阴凉处和在温暖的季节迁徙)”可推知，作者在第三段提到了“一个更大的喙”的例子是为了证明身体变化是有限的甚至有负面的影响。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, to some extent we already know what’s needed to limit the emptiness of the future natural world. This includes reducing greenhouse gases; protecting biodiversity; restoring connectivity between habitats; and reducing interrelated threats like pollution and land harvesting. Even species that are close to extinction can be brought back from the edge with enough conservation effort. (当然，在某种程度上，我们已经知道需要什么来限制未来自然世界的空虚。这包括减少温室气体；保护生物多样性；恢复栖息地之间的连通性；减少相关的威胁，如污染和土地收割。即使是濒临灭绝的物种也可以通过足够的保护努力从边缘地带拯救回来)”可推知，作者对自然界的未来充满希望。故选B。
D
A kind of far-fetched clay speakers might sound novel to you, yet nowadays music speakers made from clay have appeared on the market.
The makers of such speakers are from a German start-up called Mapu. They say the product is around 80 percent biodegradable (可生物降解的). That’s not necessarily what most people look for in a set of speakers, but it’s a commendable feature at this time when electronic waste is piling up around the world.
The speakers are now often noticed due to their eco-friendly side, but those behind them did not set out to achieve that at first. The main inspiration was to keep traditional crafts alive in regions where they were disappearing, especially in rural Chile, where Pablo Ocqueteau, a co-founder of Mapu, was born. He, together with his partner Philine von Agnes, had been wondering how to help bring traditional Chilean crafts into the modern world. Finally. they decided to make a speaker out of a traditional Chilean water jug found in most Chilean households.
Craftsmen in Nacimiento once renowned for pottery (陶艺) but struggling to keep the art alive were only too happy to help the pair. After the first design of the speaker was made, Ocqueteau and Agnes talked with a professional engineer in Germany, who later proved the adapted clay jug had great potential as a speaker. Then the two cooperated with Sound Hub Denmark, whose engineers made slight changes to the speaker’s design. Since then, potters in Nacimiento have created small groups of clay speakers. According to Duszeln, Mapu typically pays craftsmen an above average fee for their work, and it has also funded tree-planting projects through ProNativo, an environmental organization, as well as a project to feed communities in Santiago during the first lockdown caused by the COVTID-19 pandemic.
The pair hope to make traditional crafts more attractive to young people. They also believe clay speakers can help further describe the benefits of clay, which has renewed significance in a world where people are concerned about the environment.
12. What does the underlined word “commendable” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Adjustable. B. Desirable. C. Available D. Movable
13. Why did Ocqueteau and Agnes want to make speakers out of clay at first?
A. To preserve traditional culture B. To protect the environment.
C. To compete for market share. D. To aid poor households in Chile.
14. What can we learn about the pair from Paragraph 4?
A. They thought of giving up their design at first.
B. They were misunderstood by some local craftsmen.
C. They were careful and cautious about making clay speakers.
D. They got funding for their creation from environmental groups.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A company cuts its environmental impact
B. A green invention helps a dying art recover
C. Clay products are favoured by young people
D. Chilean cultural traditions create job opportunities
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型环保的由粘土制成的扬声器，介绍了其创造过程等。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“when electronic waste is piling up around the world.(在这个电子垃圾在世界各地堆积如山的时候)”可知，目前世界上电子垃圾堆积如山。而根据上文“They say the product is around 80 percent biodegradable (可生物降解的).(他们说，这种产品大约有80%是可生物降解的)”可知，这个扬声器是环保的。由此推断，扬声器环保的特色在现在这种电子垃圾随处可见的时代是“值得称赞的”。选项A“Adjustable(可调整的)”；选项B“Desirable(令人满意的、值得的)”；选项C“Available(可用的)”；选项D“Movable(可动的)”。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The main inspiration was to keep traditional crafts alive in regions where they were disappearing, especially in rural Chile, where Pablo Ocqueteau, a co-founder of Mapu, was born. He, together with his partner Philine von Agnes, had been wondering how to help bring traditional Chilean crafts into the modern world. Finally. they decided to make a speaker out of a traditional Chilean water jug found in most Chilean households.(主要的灵感是让传统手工艺在那些正在消失的地区保持活力，尤其是在智利的农村，Mapu的联合创始人Pablo Ocqueteau就出生在那里。他和他的伴侣Philine von Agnes一直在思考如何将传统的智利手工艺带入现代世界。最后。他们决定用大多数智利家庭都有的传统智利水壶做一个扬声器)”可知，Ocqueteau和Agnes最初只是想保护传统的智利手工艺。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Craftsmen in Nacimiento once renowned for pottery (陶艺) but struggling to keep the art alive were only too happy to help the pair. After the first design of the speaker was made, Ocqueteau and Agnes talked with a professional engineer in Germany, who later proved the adapted clay jug had great potential as a speaker. Then the two cooperated with Sound Hub Denmark, whose engineers made slight changes to the speaker’s design. Since then, potters in Nacimiento have created small groups of clay speakers.(Nacimiento的工匠们曾经以陶器而闻名，但为了保持这种艺术的活力，他们非常乐意帮助这对夫妇。扬声器的第一个设计完成后，Ocqueteau和Agnes与德国的一位专业工程师进行了交谈，这位工程师后来证明了改造后的陶器作为扬声器的巨大潜力。随后，两人与丹麦Sound Hub合作，后者的工程师对扬声器的设计进行了细微的修改。从那以后，Nacimiento的陶工们创造了一些小的粘土扬声器)”可知，Ocqueteau和Agnes对于陶器扬声器的制作非常谨慎。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A kind of far-fetched clay speakers might sound novel to you, yet nowadays music speakers made from clay have appeared on the market.(一种令人难以置信的粘土扬声器可能听起来很新奇，但现在市场上已经出现了由粘土制成的音乐扬声器)”、第二段“They say the product is around 80 percent biodegradable (可生物降解的). That’s not necessarily what most people look for in a set of speakers, but it’s a commendable feature at this time when electronic waste is piling up around the world.(他们说，这种产品大约有80%是可生物降解的。这并不一定是大多数人在一套扬声器中寻找的，但在这个电子垃圾在世界各地堆积如山的时候，这是一个值得称赞的功能)”以及第三段“The main inspiration was to keep traditional crafts alive in regions where they were disappearing, especially in rural Chile, where Pablo Ocqueteau, a co-founder of Mapu, was born. He, together with his partner Philine von Agnes, had been wondering how to help bring traditional Chilean crafts into the modern world. Finally. they decided to make a speaker out of a traditional Chilean water jug found in most Chilean households.(主要的灵感是让传统手工艺在那些正在消失的地区保持活力，尤其是在智利的农村，Mapu的联合创始人Pablo Ocqueteau就出生在那里。他和他的伴侣Philine von Agnes一直在思考如何将传统的智利手工艺带入现代世界。最后。他们决定用大多数智利家庭都有的传统智利水壶做一个扬声器)”可知，文章主要讲述的是Mapu的联合创始人Pablo Ocqueteau和他的伴侣Philine von Agnes通过一项环保的发明——粘土扬声器，来拯救传统的智利手工艺。由此可知，“A green invention helps a dying art recover.(一项绿色发明帮助一门濒临死亡的艺术复苏)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In such a busy world, it is easy for us to ignore some details that may determine success or failure, which is really annoying. Fortunately, attention to details is a learned skill, and it’s one that you can definitely develop!
1. Make full and neat lists.
Making lists is a really useful way to be organized and to make sure that you know when and how everything needs to come together. ___16___ In that way, you’ll know what you actually did before.
2. ___17___
When you’re distracted, you’re not going to be able to recall things as easily as usual and more likely to forget the details of your project or homework. So if you work at home, put your phone on silent and tell your friends and family members not to call you when you’re working unless it’s an emergency. ___18___
3. Don’t do several things at the same time.
Multitasking spreads your attention out over a variety of items instead of focusing on one specific item. ___19___ Using the list that you’ve drawn up, you can go from project to project, giving each your full attention without checking your phone.
4. Take breaks.
___20___ Make sure that you schedule your projects around the same time each day and try to rest for 10 to 15 minutes each time. This will give your brain a chance to relax in time for the next project. A break can be something as simple as stretching and taking a short walk around your office, or going for coffee down the street.
A. Get organized if it is possible.
B. Try you best to limit the distractions.
C. Once you’ve completed an item on your list, check it off.
D. In other words, you are unable to give full attention to each item.
E. At workplace, simply say, “I really have to get this project finished.”
F. A good way to keep your brain sharp and focus on details is to take rests.
G. You need to arrange your life to have hope of paying attention to the small things.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何提高注意力的方法。
【16题详解】
根据本段主题句“Make full and neat lists.(列出完整而整齐的清单。)”可知，本段讲述的的是通过列一个完整的清单来提升注意力，根据空后“In that way, you’ll know what you actually did before.(这样，你就会知道你以前做过什么。)”中的in that way可知，此空处应为了解自己之前完成什么的方法，C选项“Once you’ve completed an item on your list, check it off.(一旦你完成了清单上的一项任务，就把它划掉。)”讲述的是一种核查项目完成情况的方法，与与本段主题吻合，且与空后内容一致。故选C项。
【17题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据空后的“When you’re distracted, you’re not going to be able to recall things as easily as usual and more likely to forget the details of your project or homework. So if you work at home, put your phone on silent and tell your friends and family members not to call you when you’re working unless it’s an emergency.(当你分心的时候，你不可能像平常那样容易回忆起事情，更有可能忘记你的项目或家庭作业的细节。所以如果你在家工作，把手机调成静音，告诉你的朋友和家人不要在你工作的时候打电话给你，除非有紧急情况)”可知，本段的建议是减少分散注意力的干扰，B选项“Try you best to limit the distractions.(尽量减少干扰。)”概括了该段的内容，且为祈使句。故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“So if you work at home, put your phone on silent and tell your friends and family members not to call you when you’re working unless it’s an emergency.( 所以如果你在家工作，把手机调成静音，告诉你的朋友和家人不要在你工作的时候打电话给你，除非有紧急情况。)”可知，此处讲述的是在家如何排除干扰的方法，E选项“At workplace, simply say, “I really have to get this project finished.”(在工作场所，简单地说:“我真的必须完成这个项目。”。)”中的at workplace可知，此处讲述的是在工作场所如何排除干扰的方法，与空前的内容一致，且与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据本段的主题句“Don’t do several things at the same time.( 不要同时做几件事。)”可知，本段讲述的是不要多任务同时进行，根据空前的“Multitasking spreads your attention out over a variety of items instead of focusing on one specific item.(多任务处理将你的注意力分散在各种各样的事情上，而不是只关注一个特定的事情。)”可知，多任务同时进行会导致不能专注于特定的项目，D选项“In other words, you are unable to give full attention to each item.(换句话说，你无法对每一件事都给予充分的注意力。)”中的in other words可知，此空处对空前内容进一步解释说明，且内容与本段主题一致。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据本段的主题句“Take breaks.(休息一下。)”可知，本段讲述的是“休息一下”的好处，F选项“A good way to keep your brain sharp and focus on details is to take rests.(保持大脑敏锐和专注于细节的一个好方法是休息。)”中的take rests为解题的关键，且讲述的内容与本段主题吻合。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since 2020, the world has set a goal of safe water for all and has advanced toward it. However, the fast-growing bottled-water industry is ___21___ countries’ failure to achieve the goal.
The fast-growing bottled water can ___22___ the progress safe-water projects, by ___23___ their attention to a less reliable option(选择). The latest UN University report showed that the annual ___24___ of the global bottled-water market are expected to $ 500 billion worldwide this decade. This can increase ___25___ in water-depleted (缺水的) areas while ___26___ to plastic pollution on land and in the oceans. In fact, the industry’s greatest impact seems to ___27___ the progress of nations’ goals to provide its residents with equal access to affordable drinking water. In the Global North, bottled water is often understood to be healthier and ___28___ than tap water. It is more a luxury than a necessity. Meanwhile, in the Global South, it is the absence of reliable public water ___29___ that drives bottled water markets.
Therefore, in many low- and middle-income countries. ____30____ consumption of bottled water can be seen as a ____31____ of decades of governments’ failure to ____32____ commitments(承诺) to safe public water systems. This further widens the global ____33____ between the billions of people who lack access to ____34____ water services and those who enjoy water as a luxury. So it’s time to strengthen legislation (立法) to. ____35____ the industry and its water-quality standards.
21. A. covering B. preventing C. delaying D. challenging
22. A. quicken B. improve C. damage D. protect
23. A. concentrating B. turning C. fixing D. attracting
24. A. sales B. losses C. prices D. products
25. A. range B. motivation C. income D. stress
26. A. admitting B. expressing C. contributing D. developing
27. A. keep up B. keep on C. keep back D. keep down
28. A. clearer B. tastier C. friendlier D. cheaper
29. A. supply B. test C. order D. discovery
30. A. Declining B. Rising C. Slowing D. Controlling
31. A. sign B. objective C. origin D. example
32. A. work out B. break away C. set off D. carry out
33. A. link B. cooperation C. gap D. relation
34. A. costly B. unsafe C. dependent D. reliable
35. A. teach B. confirm C. regulate D. expand
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了快速增长的瓶装水行业掩盖了各国未能实现使人人享有安全饮用水的目标。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，快速增长的瓶装水行业掩盖了各国未能实现这一目标的事实。A. covering覆盖，掩盖；B. preventing阻止；C. delaying推迟；D. challenging挑战。根据“Since 2020, the world has set a goal of safe water for all and has advanced toward it.”和“However”可知，快速增长的瓶装水行业掩盖了各国未能实现使人人享有安全饮用水的目标。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快速增长的瓶装水可能会破坏安全水项目的进展，因为它们将注意力集中在不太可靠的选择上。A. quicken加速；B. improve提高，改善；C. damage损害，伤害；D. protect保护。根据“to a less reliable option(选择)”可知，因为选择不太可靠，所以快速增长的瓶装水可能会破坏安全水项目的进展。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析句意同上。A. concentrating集中（注意力）；B. turning转向，转身；C. fixing修理，固定；D. attracting吸引。根据“their attention”可知，此处表示集中注意力。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：联合国大学的最新报告显示，这十年来，全球瓶装水市场每年的损失预计将达到5000亿美元。A. sales销售，销量；B. losses损失；C. prices价格；D. products产品。根据“the global bottled-water market are expected to $ 500 billion worldwide this decade.”可知，这十年来，全球瓶装水市场每年的损失预计将达到5000亿美元。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会增加缺水地区的压力，同时造成陆地和海洋的塑料污染。A. range范围；B. motivation动机；C. income收入；D. stress压力。根据“water-depleted (缺水的) areas”可知，全球瓶装水市场每年的损失可能会增加缺水地区的压力。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. admitting承认；B. expressing表达；C. contributing捐献，是……的原因之一；D. developing发展。根据“plastic pollution on land and in the oceans”可知，此处表示导致陆地和海洋塑料污染，contribute to为固定短语，意为“导致”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，该行业最大的影响似乎是阻碍了国家为居民提供平等负担得起的饮用水的目标的进展。A. keep up保持，支持；B. keep on继续；C. keep back隐瞒，阻止；D. keep down压住，控制。根据上文“However, the fast-growing bottled-water industry is ___1___ countries’ failure to achieve the goal.”可知，瓶装水行业最大的影响似乎是阻碍了国家为居民提供平等负担得起的饮用水的目标的进展。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在全球北部，瓶装水通常被认为比自来水更健康、更美味。A. clearer更干净的；B. tastier更美味的；C. friendlier更友好的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“healthier”可知，此处表示瓶装水比自来水更健康，更美味。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，在全球南方，缺乏可靠的公共供水推动了瓶装水市场。A. supply供应量；B. test测试；C. order顺序，命令；D. discovery发现。根据“the absence of reliable public water”可知，缺乏可靠的公共供水推动了瓶装水市场的发展。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：瓶装水消费量的增加可以被视为政府几十年来未能履行安全公共供水系统承诺的一个标志。A. Declining下降；B. Rising上升，增长；C. Slowing减缓；D. Controlling控制。根据上文“However, the fast-growing bottled-water industry is ___1___ countries’ failure to achieve the goal.”可知，此处指的是瓶装水消费量的提高。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sign标志，迹象；B. objective目标，目；C. origin起源；D. example例子。根据“___10___ consumption of bottled water”可知，瓶装水消费量的增加可以被视为政府几十年来未能履行安全公共供水系统承诺的一个标志。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. work out计算出，锻炼；B. break away逃脱，突然离开；C. set off出发，动身；D. carry out执行，实施。根据“failure to achieve the goal.”可知，此处表示未能履行安全公共供水系统承诺。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这进一步扩大了数十亿无法获得可靠供水服务的人和将水视为奢侈品的人之间的全球差距。A. link连接；B. cooperation合作；C. gap间隔，差距；D. relation关联，亲属。根据“This further widens”可知，此处表示扩大了差距。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. costly花钱多的，昂贵的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. dependent依赖的，依靠的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文“their attention to a less reliable option”可知，此处为信息词reliable的词汇复现。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，是时候加强立法来规范该行业及其水质标准了。A. teach教；B. confirm证实；C. regulate规定，控制；D. expand扩大。根据“strengthen legislation”可知，立法是为了规范瓶装水行业。故选C。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式填空。
A model of the hydrogen-powered urban train (氢能列车) is seen at an exposition during the China Brand Day in Shanghai, May12, 2023
The green and low-carbon train, ___36___ was developed by CRRC (中国中车), can run as fast as 160 kilometers an hour. Some of the train’s key technology is borrowed ___37___ the Fuxing bullet train. The Fuxing, also ___38___ (know) as “rejuvenation (复苏),” is a high-speed bullet train run by China Railway Corporation.
Digital and intelligent ___39___ (feature) have been applied on the new urban train. ___40___ vehicle adopts the most advanced autonomous driving technology, ___41___ (include) automatic wake-up, automatic start-stop and automatic return to the depot. Moreover, the vehicle-to-vehicle communication system greatly improve operating ___42___ (efficient) and safety.
The train ___43___ (equip) with multiple intelligent detection systems with thousands of sensors. Designers used a 5G vehicle-to-ground communication technology ___44___ (evaluate) the running train and ensure safe driving.
Hydrogen is considered a clean energy source because water vapor is the only byproduct when it is burned as a fuel. It does not produce ____45____ (harm) pollutants or greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide.
【答案】36. which
37. from 38. known
39. features
40. The 41. including
42. efficiency
43. is equipped
44. to evaluate
45. harmful
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在上海中国品牌日上展示的一款以氢气作为动力的列车的相关信息。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这款绿色低碳列车由中国中车开发，时速可达160公里。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词The green and low-carbon train指的是物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：列车的一些关键技术借鉴了“复兴号”动车。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语be borrowed from意为“借鉴于……”符合句意。故填from。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：复兴号，也被称为“复苏”，是中国铁路总公司运营的高速子弹头列车。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作作定语，know与所修饰词The Fuxing之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填known。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：数字化、智能化的特点在新型城市列车上得到了应用。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，根据谓语动词have been applied可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填features。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该车采用最先进的自动驾驶技术，包括自动唤醒、自动启停和自动回厂。分析句子结构可知，vehicle为可数名词单数，结合句意可知，此处指的是上文中提到的低碳列车，所以此处表示特指，且位于句首，所以首字母需大写。故填The。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：该车采用最先进的自动驾驶技术，包括自动唤醒、自动启停和自动回厂。分析句子结构可知，空后为名名词短语，结合提示词include可知，此处应为介词including意为“包括……在内”符合句意。故填including。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，车对车通信系统大大提高了运行效率和安全性。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，efficient的名词为efficiency意为“效率”且为不可数名词。故填efficiency。
【43题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：该列车配备了多个智能检测系统，包括数千个传感器。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处客观描述了列出的配置，所以使用一般现在时，equip与句子主语the train之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填is equipped。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：设计人员使用5G车对地通信技术来评估运行中的列车，确保安全驾驶。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物去做某事”，所以此处应为不定式形式，结合句意，此处表示的是主动意义。故填to evaluate。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它不会产生有害污染物或温室气体，如二氧化碳或二氧化硫。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词pollutants or greenhouse gases，harm的形容词为harmful意为“有害的”符合句意。故填harmful。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是某报社记者李华，你们学校计划下星期五下午三点举办一场英语演讲比赛，主题为“我最喜爱的中国节日”。请你向校报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1．比赛的目的和意义。2．比赛的时间和地点。3．参赛注意事项。
注意：1．字数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
To make the young generation have a better appreciation of the splendid traditional festivals and enhance the national sense of pride, our school is going to organize a speech contest entitled “My favorite traditional festival.”
This contest is to be held in our school hall conducted by the Students’ Union at 3 o’clock p.m. on Friday afternoon. There are some important points each contestant should be aware of. First of all, all the presentations should be limited in ten minutes. Second, each speech should be on the theme of our contest. Finally, please sign up for the contest before this Friday.
We do hope all the students will present your special understanding of the festival and carry forward the traditional culture
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向校报写一篇报道，介绍学校将要举行的一场主题为“我最喜爱的中国节日”的英语演讲比赛，包括比赛目的和意义，时间和地点以及参赛注意事项。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：enhance→heighten/prompt
比赛：contest→competition/match
举行：be held→take place
知道/了解：be aware of→get to know/understand/realize
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This contest is to be held in our school hall conducted by the Students’ Union at 3 o’clock p.m. on Friday afternoon.
拓展句：This contest is to be held in our school hall, which will be conducted by the Students’ Union, at 3 o’clock p.m. on Friday afternoon.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To make the young generation have a better appreciation of the splendid traditional festivals and enhance the national sense of pride, our school is going to organize a speech contest entitled “My favorite traditional festival.” (运用了动词不定式做目的状语，置于句首；“entitled ‘My favorite traditional festival’ ”为过去分词短语做后置定语)
【高分句型2】There are some important points each contestant should be aware of. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句“each contestant should be aware of”，其先行词为points，关系代词在从句中作宾语)
【高分句型3】We do hope all the students will present your special understanding of the festival and carry forward the traditional culture. (句子使用了“do”强调谓语的句式，且运用了省略连接词的宾语从句“all the students will present your special understanding of the festival and carry forward the traditional culture”，作动词hope的宾语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was waiting for my train and on the subway station’s floor was a man just sitting there. I looked around and nobody stopped so I just went my way. After a few steps, I turned and asked him whether he needed help. He told me his house was one station further and he would only need to take the train there. So I reached for his hand to help him stand up.
He wanted to take the stairs but I feared that he would hurt himself since he seemed too weak to walk, so I asked him to take the elevator. Even though my mind was trying to turn the danger lights on, I put the thought that I should not go alone with a drunken man out of my mind and accompanied him on the elevator.
We arrived on the platform with no incidents. The man’s knees seemed to soften, so I asked him to rest on a bench. While sitting there, he thanked me, telling me that I saved him. No, I said, I really did nothing; he saved himself as he walked on his own feet.
At the next station, we said our goodbyes. Before I knew it, he left 100 dollars and dashed out of the train. There was no way to give him back his money. I wanted to leave it on the seat, but a young woman who thought it belonged to me ran after me and gave me the note.
My initial reaction to getting that money was of shame and I even felt offended(冒犯). Then I thought he just wanted to thank me, the best way he knew how. Now, my question is what act of kindness shall I do with these 100 dollars?
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答
Paragraph1:
On my way home I saw a woman with two children wandering outside a restaurant.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I felt relieved, watching them enjoying the delicious meal on the table.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】On my way home I saw a woman with two children wandering outside a restaurant. It was cold and the day was becoming dark. I came up to them and asked the woman if she needed help. The woman said in a low voice, “We just came here to visit my husband, but we lost the money and the cellphone. We were strangers in the city and I couldn’t get in touch with him.” I comforted her and the hungry children, inviting them to the restaurant. I pulled out the 100-dollar note from my pocket and asked the waiter to bring some staple food and dishes for them.
I felt relieved, watching them enjoying the delicious meal on the table. Half an hour later, I asked the woman if she remembered the phone number of her husband. She nodded and gave me the number. After arriving at the restaurant by taxi, her husband shook my hands firmly and expressed great gratitude to me. When he wanted to give me the money for the meal, I was already lost in the darkness, heading toward my house.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者帮助一个醉酒的人坐火车，这个人给了作者一百美元表达感激，作者想将钱给有需要的人的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在回家的路上，我看见一位妇女带着两个孩子在一家餐馆外面闲逛。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何帮助这位妇女和孩子的。
②由第二段首句内容“看着他们在餐桌上享用美味的饭菜，我感到如释重负。”可知，第二段可描写作者如何帮助这位妇女联系到丈夫的。
2.续写线索：询问——邀请——帮忙联系丈夫——感谢——悄然离去
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拜访：visit /pay a visit to
②安慰：comfort/ give comfort to
③掏出：pull out /take out
情绪类
①感到如释重负：feel relieved / feel a sense of relief
②感谢：express gratitude/show his appreciation /be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]I came up to them and asked the woman if she needed help.（运用了if引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]When he wanted to give me the money for the meal, I was already lost in the darkness, heading toward my house.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
听力答案：1—5 ABCBC 6—10 BABCA 11—15 CABBA 16—20 ACBAC