高考英语二轮复习北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份高考英语二轮复习北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共41页。
阅读理解

Brian Schwartz became one of the many to turn jobless under the epidemic. For Brian, the timing could not have been worse. It was a stressful time between a wife carrying a baby, a dad battling brain cancer, and everything else going on in the news.
Brian needed to do something productive and he turned to mow mowing lawns for stress relief. “I just decided to create my own good news, really just as a time filler,” says Brian. He wanted to help neighbors, just keeping himself busy mentally and physically. Brian offered his lawnmowing service free to seniors and people with disabilities in his community.
As word spread of his good acts, the local media began picking up on the story. The attention got Brian thinking. There was clearly a broader need for what he was offering. So he decided to launch a website, loanttomowyourlaen.com, and a kindness movement was born. Pretty soon, Brian had a large crowd of clients needing others to mow their lawns and an army of volunteers, from 18-year-olds in college to recent retirees. As news of his organization spread, he also began to attract donations to help with operating costs, which encouraged him to turn the service into a nonprofit.
As the organization has evolved (演变), Brian has expanded his offerings to include other services like removing trees and clearing snow. But he believes the benefit of what his team does goes way beyond the practical. “We are not only providing them with financial relief,” he says. “It’s mental and physical relief as well. And we’re hearing feedback not only directly from the people we’re helping, but also from their neighbors who thank us for helping make the community better. And I’m even receiving occasional letters from people that we might not even help, but they might have just been at the time looking for some uplifting news.”
lwanttomouwyourlawn.com has become a passion. Not least of all for the benefits the kindness brings. “It stimulates my mind, my body and my soul just by helping others,” he says. “It’s a really good feeling. I feel like I’m doing something that has some meaning and purpose.”
1．What got Brian into a bad situation?
A．Taking care of a baby. B．Being out of work.
C．Fighting against cancer. D．Being reported in news.
2．Why did Brian create the website?
A．To gain more public attention.
B．To provide a wider range of services.
C．To raise donations for people in need.
D．To collect news of kindness movements.
3．What can we learn about Brian’s organization?
A．It puts forward plans on bettering the community.
B．It requires people to give feedback on the offerings.
C．It reduces the unemployment among people in need.
D．It gives people spiritual support as well as direct help.
4．What can we conclude from this passage?
A．Good things take time. B．Every moment matters.
C．We rise by lifting others. D．Fame brings opportunities.

Dear colleague,
Greetings from the Office of Admission at Harley University! We hope that you and your students are doing well in these challenging times. In light of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, Harley has suspended all campus visitations. However, we write to you today to affirm our commitment to working with you and your students as they navigate the college search and application process.
To that end, we are pleased to announce that beginning on Tuesday, March 31, 2020, our office will be offering online information sessions for prospective students. Much like our on-campus information sessions, these will consist of a one-hour discussion hosted by a Harley admission dean and a current student. They will provide an inside look at the Harley community both academically and socially, as well as an overview of the admission and financial aid processes. Attendees will be able to see the presenters and submit questions throughout the sessions. While designed for prospective students, counselors are welcome to join.
Our online information sessions will be offered on the days/times below.
Tuesdays at 3:00 pm EDT
Thursdays at 9:00 am EDT and 6:00 pm EDT
Students/Counselors can register here.
We are hopeful the times we offered will allow anyone, regardless of time zone, to be able to join us for a session. While we are disappointed that campus visits are not currently possible, we are confident that these online sessions will provide the same accessibility, information, and enthusiasm as we introduce your students to the Harley community.
In the same spirit, we remain committed to answering any questions you, your students, or their families may have about these sessions, or any other changes to our programming. You can contact us at admission@harley.edu.
We wish you all a safe and healthy spring.
Sincerely,
Jason Harley
Director of Undergraduate Admission
5．What is the purpose of this letter?
A．To answer questions from teachers and students.
B．To arrange for school visits and online interviews.
C．To say hello to colleagues during the Covid-19 pandemic.
D．To inform alternative methods of getting application information.
6．The online information sessions are most probably for ________.
A．students in Grade 11-12
B．parents of senior high school students
C．current students in Harley University
D．teaching staff in Harley University
7．What can be learnt from the letter?
A．Harley University does not enroll new students this year.
B．Prospective students should attend the sessions with counselors.
C．The online sessions will function almost the same with on-campus visits.
D．Students can contact admission@harley.edc to arrange on-campus visits.

How does a person become an Olympic champion—someone capable of winning the gold? In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete.
Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming an elite athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain physical characteristics that differentiate them from the average person. Take an elite athlete’s muscles, for example. In most human skeletal muscles (the ones that make your body move), there are fast-twitch fibers and slow-twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers help us move quickly. Olympic weightlifters, for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles—many more than the average person. These allow them to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. Surprisingly, a large, muscular body is not the main requirement to do well in this sport. It is more important to have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles.
The legs of an elite marathon runner, on the other hand, might contain up to 90 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers. These generate energy efficiently and enable an athlete to control fatigue and keep moving for a longer period of time. When we exercise long or hard, it’s common to experience tiredness, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing. These feelings are caused when the muscles produce high amounts of lactate(乳酸) and can’t remove it quickly enough. Athletes with many slow-twitch muscle fibers seem to be able to clear the lactate from their muscles faster as they move. Thus, the average runner might start to feel discomfort halfway into a race. A trained Olympic athlete, however, might not feel pain until much later in the competition.
For some Olympic competitors, size is important. Most male champion swimmers are 180cm or taller, allowing them to reach longer and swim faster. For both male and female gymnasts, though, a smaller size and body weight mean they can move with greater ease, and are less likely to suffer damage when landing on the floor from a height of up to 4.5 meters.
Some athletes’ abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin(血红素). Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. Cultural factors also help some athletes do well at certain sports. Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, has won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her country’s altitude (she trains at about 2,400 meters) and some to her cultural background. As a child, she had to run ten kilometers to school every day. “I’d be punished if I was late,” she says.
Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming an elite athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Marathon runners may be able to control fatigue and keep moving for long periods of time, but they must train to reach and maintain their goals. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automatic. Greg Lougains, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: “You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the divers hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.” Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well. “They have to be,” says Sean McCann, a sports psychologist at the Olympic Training Center in the U.S. “otherwise, they couldn’t handle the training loads we put on them. Athletes have to be good at setting goals, generating energy when they need it, and managing anxiety.”
How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Lougains explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: “Most divers think too much…,” he says. “They’re too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She’d probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash.”
8．What is this article mainly about?
A．Factors that make someone a super athlete.
B．The different muscle types of super athlete.
C．The size of a super athlete.
D．How to qualify for the Olympics.
9．The underlined word more in paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A．Muscles B．Average people
C．Olympic weightlifters D．Fast-twitch fibers
10．What advantage do athletes from high-altitude countries have?
A．A strong sense of culture.
B．More muscles in their legs.
C．Hemoglobin-rich blood.
D．Lower amounts of lactate in their muscles.
11．What statement would diver Greg Lougains probably agree with?
A．A professional athlete should never feel anxiety.
B．Athletes cannot perform well unless they are under pressure.
C．It’s key to practice and train hard, but try not to take things too seriously.
D．It’s important to joke around with your teammates before you perform any sport.

Mathilde Loisel, a beautiful woman, is miserable with her life. Although from a family of clerks, she always felt she had “fallen from a higher station” and longs to be part of the upper class. With no prospect of meeting these dreams she marries a middle-class Parisian clerk. This leaves her unhappy, suffering from what she thinks as a life of poverty. Although her husband’s income is sufficient for their needs, Mathilde still dreams of being wealthy. Mathilde focuses on her lack of possessions such as gowns and jewelry instead of enjoying the life she has. She even becomes jealous of her school friend, Madame Forestier, who has married a wealthy man.
One evening, the triumphant Monsieur Loisel comes home and hands her an invitation to a ball at the Ministry of Public Instruction where he works. Mathilde surprises him by refusing to go and throws the invitation onto the floor. She gets upset and tells her husband that without a new gown and jewelry she cannot possibly attend the ball. Monsieur Loisel reluctantly agrees to pay for a gown costing four hundred francs, knowing he will not be able to afford the hunting gun he had been saving up to buy. Mathilde buys the dress but complains that she still has no jewelry. For once though, Mathilde is pleased when her husband comes up with the solution to ask her friend to lend some jewelry.
Madame Forestier offers Mathilde to choose what she wants and Mathilde selects a beautiful diamond necklace from a black satin box. When Madame Forestier sees how happy the necklace makes her friend feel she agrees to lend it to her for the ball.
At the ball, Mathilde is the most elegant and graceful woman there, smiling and happy. All the men ask her name and want to be introduced to her. She dances with all of the attaches from the cabinet and is even noticed by the minister. Dancing with happiness and passion, intoxicated with pleasure, Mathilde exists for a time in the world she longs to be part of.
At 4 am, she is ready to leave. As Monsieur Loisel places the wrap over his wife’s shoulders, the contrast of the poverty of her wrap with the elegant ball gown is too much to bear and to save any embarrassment she hurries to leave before anyone notices her. When they reach the street, they cannot find a cab and start to walk home. They walked towards the Seine in despair, shivering with cold. At last on the quay side they find “one of those ancient night cabs which, as though they were ashamed to show their shabbiness during the day, are never seen round Paris until after dark”.
The Loisels arrive home at the Rue des Martyrs, and Mathilde’s happiness turns to horror as she sees that the necklace is missing when she looks in the mirror to admire herself one more time. She and Monsieur Loisel search frantically, but they cannot find the necklace. Monsieur Loisel even retraces their steps back along the whole route and then spends the next day enquiring and trying to find the necklace. Finally, in defeat, he suggests Mathilde writes a letter to Madame Forestier, explaining she will return the necklace after repair, lying that the clasp had broken. This story allows them time to continue the search.
When the Loisels are unable to find the necklace, they use its jewelry box to search for the jeweler where it was purchased. The jeweler offers the couple a similar necklace for thirty-six-thousand francs with the understanding that he will buy it back if they find the necklace before the end of February. However, they do not find the necklace, and they take on huge debt that forever changes their lives. Monsieur Loisel, frightened by the trouble yet to come, by the “black misery” that is about to fall upon him, by the prospect of all the physical sacrifices and the “moral tortures” he is about to suffer, goes to pay the jeweler thirty-six-thousand francs and collects the diamond necklace.
When Mathilde takes the newly purchased necklace to Madame Forestier, she fears her friend will discover that the necklace is a replacement and consider her a thief. Although Madame Forestier criticizes Mathilde for bringing the necklace back late, she never opens the case to look at it.
The next years are horrible for Mathilde, who works like a servant, her own servant having been dismissed. The Loisels move to cheaper housing. Mathilde dresses in work clothing and becomes responsible for doing all the family’s “odious” housework duties. She takes on this role with “sudden heroism”. Monsieur Loisel works a second job at night. They work for ten years to repay their debts. The strain of deprivation takes its toll, and Mathilde ages rapidly. Occasionally, she thinks back and remembers the wonders of the ball, but finally, their debt is paid in full.
One day on the street, Mathilde meets Madame Forestier, still looking lovely. At first not recognizing Mathilde, Madam Forestier is shocked by her friend’s haggard appearance. Mathilde explains that her life has been hard because of Madame Forestier. Mathilde shares the truth regarding her loss and replacement of the necklace that she had borrowed. She explains that it was purchased with ten years of hard labour. She proudly describes how she met her obligation both to Madame Forestier and to society.
Madame Forestier, deeply moved, takes Mathilde’s hands in her own and tells her the truth. The necklace that she had loaned Mathilde was mere costume jewelry worth only five hundred francs.
12．Mathilde Loisel refused to go to the ball because she ________.
A．was angry with her husband
B．thought she was not invited
C．was upset for having lost her jewelry
D．feared that she would be looked down upon
13．Put the following events into the correct order.
① Mathilde realized that the necklace was missing.
② The Loisels worked hard to pay their debt.
③ Monsieur Loisel brought home an invitation to a ball
④ Monsieur Loiser bought a diamond necklace from a jeweler.
⑤ Mathilde borrowed a necklace from her friend Madame Forestier.
⑥ Mathilde talked to her friend Madame Forestier about her “sudden heroism”
A．③⑤①④②⑥ B．③①⑤②④⑥
C．⑤③①②④⑥ D．⑤③④②①⑥
14．Madame Forestier never opens the case because she ________.
A．trusts her friend very much
B．forgets about the necklace
C．is sure that the necklace is in the case
D．doesn’t care much about the necklace
15．What can best describe Mathilde Loisel?
A．unfortunate but honest. B．lucky but selfish.
C．smart but lazy. D．beautiful but evil.

When the author opens his memoir with a scene of his mother pushing him from a moving vehicle, you know you’re in for a fascinating read. Born a Crime by Trevor Noah, who is now a daily show host, is an autobiography about Trevor’s life in Africa.
Trevor, the son of a Xhosa(科萨人) mother and a Swiss-German father, was born a crime as it was illegal for different races to marry and have children in Africa. Growing up biracial in the post-apartheid era (后种族隔离时代), his mother is an influential partner at every step along his journey. She worked diligently to stay out of poverty and keep Noah in good schools. Trevor’s mom stressed independence and free thought as well as all the values of Judaism (犹太教). Even before they knew apartheid would end, she wanted him to live freely. She took him to places that black South Africans considered “white things,” like ice rinks and the suburbs, because even if he never left the ghetto (贫民区), he would know that the ghetto was not the world. It was her mother’s aim to keep him from internalizing his oppression, and to convince him that he was greater than social labels. His mom would take him to the library and museums, and local college campuses. For his mother, being a black woman didn’t mean he couldn’t achieve greatness. She gave him permission to dream beyond his circumstances.
In Trevor’s whole early life, being mixed-race, he often wasn’t allowed to go outside during apartheid because the police could have taken him away; he couldn’t be seen with his parents and his mother had to pretend to be his maid when they were in public. So, Trevor had to have his mother’s friends pose as his mother. Trevor struggled to fit in at school as he didn’t know which group to play with. Later in high school, Trevor had to start a lunch delivery business to move up and be accepted by his fellow classmates. After high school, he started getting into comedy in 2002 and has been on TV ever since. Trevor had a rough, but loving relationship with his mother as he was always getting in trouble. Trevor didn’t see his dad much and could only meet in secret. In the end, Born a Crime is not just an unnerving account of growing up in South Africa under apartheid, but a love letter to the author’s remarkable mother. Noah writes: “I understood even from an early age that we weren’t just mother and son. We were a team.”
Born a Crime tells a really personal and yet universal story in many respects. It is undoubtedly a life-changing story which is powerful, honest, funny and dark at the same time, still it never turns to despair, self-pity or hopelessness. It’s a story of survival against the odds and the human ability to transcend the limits of their origin. At the end of the book, he explains this miracle that happened to his mother, where she survives a bullet to the head. These stories uncover new feelings towards loved-ones, and may influence you to sincerely reconsider connections to your family and their priorities.
16．It can be learnt that Born a Crime is ________.
A．a book on slavery
B．a story about criminals
C．an autobiography of a show host
D．a report about how to reduce crime
17．What problem did Trevor have in his early life?
A．He didn’t get along with his mother.
B．He felt hard to fit in at school.
C．He was wanted by the police.
D．He got too much attention.
18．According to the passage, Trevor’s mother ________.
A．pushed him to reach academic excellence
B．encouraged him go beyond the present limits
C．inspired him to speak for the minority as a TV host
D．helped him determine which race he should side with
19．What might be the theme of Born A Crime?
A．Law and justice. B．Hope and grit.
C．Getting to the top. D．Secrets of success.

Humans have long gained pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most part, though, human beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with insects and other animals. Their attraction for people happens simply by chance.
In chemical terms, most natural fragrances are made up of volatiles — so called because of their tendency to change states suddenly. Volatiles evaporate easily, drifting into noses. In plants’ reproductive processes, smelly volatiles attract pollinators (授粉昆虫). But their natural applications are much more varied. If an insect chews through the leaves of some Bursera plants, out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are even more crafty: upon sensing the smell of hungry caterpillars, they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests.
What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction. White flowers often emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They produce a dilute nectar (稀释的花蜜) that encourages moths to keep moving, rather than linger at a single bloom—all the better to increase pollination. Other flowers change their fragrance after being successfully pollinated, as a signal for insects to go elsewhere.
But though “Scent” is a story of plants’ cleverness, it is also a tale of the human kind. People have long used fragrances for their own purposes, particularly for use in religious ceremonies: perfume recipes on the walls of an Egyptian temple in Edfu demonstrate just how long ingredients have been mixed in pursuit of the best blend. So highly prized were some scents that, to scare off competitors, Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that guarded cinnamon.
Eventually scientists no longer needed natural sources for fragrances. In 1866 a fragrance molecule was produced for the first time. Sixteen years later, Houbigant Parfum released Fougère Royale, the first “modern fantasy perfume” that creates an imaginary scent rather than copying a natural one. Nowadays fragrance–making is dominated by man–made compounds, which can be reliably and affordably produced in large quantities.
That has led to the mass production of smelly products, from toilet paper to toothpaste. Scent is accordingly big business. It is said that a world–famous fragrance and flavour manufacturer that claims people interact with its products up to 30 times a day, had sales of €3.8bn last year.
20．According to Paragraph 1 and 2, which would the author agree with?
A．Some plants might kill the pests with their smells.
B．Fragrance is a tool for plants to protect themselves.
C．People interact with nature easily through fragrance.
D．Fragrances are less important to humans than to animals and insects.
21．What does the underlined word “prized” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Developed. B．Rewarded. C．Mixed. D．Valued.
22．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Humans do not use fragrances as purposefully as plants do.
B．Natural sources for fragrances will be out of date in the future.
C．Plants use fragrances to both attract and send away pollinators.
D．Man–made fragrances have to be produced by copying natural ones.
23．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Plants Smell, Insects Prey B．Smartness behind Fragrance
C．Fragrance: To Make or Not to Make D．Fragrance Connects Human & Nature

Nia’s family moved often, finding shelter in rooms with relatives. Tensions rose with every move and shouting matches were constant. When everything came to a boil, Nia found it best to keep silent. She became more and more withdrawn as she got older, losing confidence in herself and her voice.
When she was a young adult, Nia had developed a fear of speaking. So when a friend told her about YouthCare’s Tile Project, she was terrified. But Nia wanted to take steps to find a job and support herself. She finally took a deep breath and decided to give it a shot.
Nia signed up for a ceramic (陶瓷) class. The passion she gained for learning a new craft was clear-but when it came to group activities in the classroom, Nia struggled. She told staff that she didn’t like being around people she didn’t know. So when the class was given the opportunity to sell their artwork at a local fair, Nia hesitated. With the support from YouthCare Career Coordinator, Kate, she cautiously agreed.
When the big day came, shoppers poured into the fair, approaching Nia with questions about the program and art pieces for sale. Each time, Nia turned to Kate to whisper the answers in her ear, and Kate repeated the answers out loud. At one point during the fair, she was left alone for a moment. When a customer came up to ask a question, Nia answered with hesitation. Soon after, another visitor came. When Kate returned to her side, Nia fought back her fears and answered their questions on her own.
Nia’s confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was beaming. “I was so impressed by Nia. She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramic,” said Kate. “The artwork she sold was the biggest sale of the day!”
That day at the fair was life-changing for Nia. She discovered that she truly enjoyed talking to others-especially about art! With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence, Nia completed the Tile Project with flying colors.
24．What made Nia finally decide to try the Project?
A．Her family atmosphere. B．Her friend’s persuasion.
C．Her desire to find a job. D．Her passion for ceramics.
25．The fair is life-changing for Nia because she .
A．discovered her true love in art B．made the biggest sale in the fair
C．won the recognition of customers D．gained confidence through interaction
26．What can we know about Nia?
A．She was forced to the fair. B．She did very well throughout the fair.
C．She finished the project successfully. D．She was struggling in learning ceramic.

The wheelchair-bound young man, a patient of mine, was pushed to the lectern at the high school to deliver his commencement address. His face still partially paralyzed, he spoke in a soft voice. But Mark Orsini delivered a powerful speech and received a thunderous applause from his fellow students, who had wondered if he’d live to graduate.
The 18-year-old had developed Guillain-Barre syndrome, which can cause paralysis. Soon he was almost completely paralyzed.
His parents insisted that he was a fighter. He’d get through this and go on to attend Dartmouth. But meanwhile, immobile and on a ventilator (呼吸器), how was he going to ask questions or be involved in his care?
The solution was remarkable: The Orsinis would sit at Mark’s side and recite the alphabet. When they got to a letter Mark needed to spell a word, he’d nod “yes”. They’d write it down, then start over and wait for him to nod again. They never lost patience and Mark was involved with every decision. Standard treatment hadn’t helped, so I proposed a risky procedure to filter (过滤) his blood. After treatment he showed improvement and soon he could move his toes, his legs and then his arms.
Mark has graduated from Dartmouth. I saw him in my office some time ago, and he was feeling great. But there was a lot left unsaid. I wanted to say I was in awe of him, and that his parents were some of the most amazing people I’d ever met, sitting by his bed for hours, patiently listening to their child speak letter by letter. I wanted to tell him of my shame when my children tried to talk to me and I brushed them off because I didn’t have time to listen. I wanted to say I’d never forget him or his parents. But words failed me.
27．The underlined word “commencement” in Paragraph 1 means ________.
A．graduation B．promise C．birthday D．acceptance
28．What did Mark’s parents do for him when he was learning in class?
A．They did everything for Mark. B．They assisted Mark in learning.
C．They lost patience sometimes. D．They made decisions for him.
29．According to the last paragraph, how did the writer feel about the way he treated his children?
A．He felt proud of it. B．He felt confident of it.
C．He felt guilty of it. D．He felt doubtful about it.

“Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.”—Albert Einstein
If you have a kid with special needs in the school system, you’re likely to have come across that saying hanging on a classroom wall. My five-year-old daughter Syona has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and it means, combined with her communication and sight problems, that normal standard isn’t always an accurate measure of her abilities.
By now you have probably heard about Chris Ulmer, the 26-year old teacher in Jacksonville, Florida, who starts his special education class by calling up each student to give them much admiration and a high-five. I couldn’t help but be reminded of Syona’s teacher and how she supports each kid in a very similar way. Ulmer recently shared a video of his teaching experience. “I have seen their confidence increase rapidly.” he said. All I could think was: how lucky these students are to have such good teachers.
Syona’s teacher has an attitude that can best be summarized in one word: wonderful. Her teacher doesn’t focus on what can’t be done—she focuses on what can be done. Over the past several months, my husband Dilip and I have seen Syona’s confidence increase greatly. She uses words she wouldn’t have thought of using before. She recently told me about her classmates trip to Ecuador and was very proud when I understood her on the first try.
I actually wonder what the influence would be if we did something similar to what Ulmer does with his students in our home. We’ve recently started our day by reminding each other of the good qualities we all have. If we are reminded of our strengths on a regular basis, we will become increasingly confident about progress and success.
30．What does the author think of Albert Einstein’s saying?
A．Funny. B．True. C．Strange. D．Confusing.
31．What can we learn about Syona’s teacher?
A．She is Syona’s favorite teacher.
B．She puts Einstein’s quote on the wall.
C．She uses videos to teach her students.
D．She helps increase her students’ confidence.
32．What change has taken place in the author’s family?
A．They’ve invited Ulmer’s students to their home.
B．They visit Ulmer’s classroom regularly.
C．They give each other praise every day.
D．They feel thankful to people in their lives.

A character in one of Shakespeare’s plays once said, “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Any of these could apply to the modern-day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of talent. Some claim that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through devotion and hard work that they achieve their abilities. Arguably though, it is not until their talents are acknowledged (认可) by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them.
With this acknowledgement of their “greatness” come all the trappings of modern-day celebrity: money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role models of children everywhere. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, devoting their lives to copying their every move, and wanting above all to be like them. Due to this fascination, particularly with the massive influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to acknowledge their responsibility.
In the past few months alone, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports stars of the present day. They are often mirroring the very worst aspects of society, a fact that the self-righteous (自以为是的) anger of the modern press has been quick to point out. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be perfect. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is markedly different from the sportsmen they grew up watching, but with the all-seeing eye of modern media it is a different world, and different standards must be expected.
Of course, there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal. Unless they break the law, it is entirely up to them as to whether or not they think their behavior is appropriate. Furthermore, measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and criticizing their actions. Others may copy their heroes’ actions, using them as a shield when accused of the same crimes.
It is without doubt that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who worship them. Modern day sportsmen are almost ideals of today’s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions over the world. Some may complain against it, denying their influence on these children’s lives. Others may be aware of it but not respect it, while many may both be aware of it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you.
33．In Paragraph 1, the author tries to emphasize ______.
A．sportsmen become great when their gifts are recognized by people
B．sportsmen achieve greatness through their devotion and efforts
C．different ways for sportsmen to achieve success and greatness
D．the core characteristic to become great sportsmen nowadays
34．According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.
A．role models usually have positive influence on their fans
B．sportsmen have the right to behave freely within the law
C．all the fans will follow their heroes’ actions
D．no duty is given to sportsmen
35．The underlined phrase thrust upon in paragraph 1 most probably means ______.
A．put off B．removed from C．related to D．forced on
36．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To advise the media to choose proper events to report.
B．To inform the public that sportsmen are no role models.
C．To remind the sportsmen of their social responsibilities.
D．To argue that sportsmen should not be expected as heroes.

Whether a person is considering starting a small business or changing career paths, passion must be taken into account. While characteristics such as strong values, talent, ambition, intellect, discipline, persistence (毅力), and luck all contribute to business and career success, following your passion can often make the most significant difference of all.
Before discussing passion and explaining its significance, we must first define the true meaning of success. Success is usually thought of as making large sums of wealth or achieving a certain level of fame, but true success that satisfies is not all about money.
Success is better defined as an achievement of a desired aim or purpose. More than money or fame, most people desire to combine their own passions with their work while making a sustainable income. The more you earn, the less money returns, making money an elusive (难以捉摸的) definition of success.
For most people, success means being proud of their achievements and being part of something that matters. This is particularly true when it comes to meaningful work. If a person decides to follow their passion, there is a greater likelihood that money and traditional success will follow because the time and effort invested in the adventure come with enthusiasm and zeal (热情).
If enthusiasm and passion are present, people tend to be more resilient (有承受力) when facing difficulties. People who are passionate about what they do, rather than just “in it for the money,” tend to be people who have more positive outlooks and can overcome difficulty through problem-solving.
Also, the more passionate someone is about their job, the more inclined (倾向于) they are to work hard on self-improvement, increasing their chances of success.
One of the most successful companies in the world is Apple. Apple’s founder and most remarkable leader was the late Steve Jobs. In an article titled “The Seven Success Principles of Steve Jobs”, writer Carmine Gallo outlines seven factors responsible for Jobs’ success. The article is based on interviews with Apple employees and Steve Jobs himself. The first principle? “Do what you love.” Steve Jobs believed in the power of passion and once said, “People with passion can change the world for the better.” Jobs claimed that his passion for his work made all the difference.
37．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ______.
A．introduce the topic B．make a comparison
C．present a problem D．give a definition
38．By saying “The more you earn, the less money returns, making money an elusive definition of success.” in Paragraph 3, the author means ______.
A．sometimes you don’t get much reward for your hard work
B．money doesn’t always define success
C．if you want to be successful, you need a steady income
D．the more you earn, the less money returns, which is not a sign of success
39．What could we learn from Paragraph 4?
A．Most people intend to choose meaningful jobs.
B．If you follow most people’s course, success is just around the corner.
C．Working with enthusiasm is more likely to succeed.
D．If you are always proud of yourself, you will succeed easily.
40．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Steve Jobs and His Success Principles
B．Follow Your Passions, and Success Will Follow
C．Secrets to Success
D．Passion and Your Career

The annual marathon (马拉松) in my town occurred as scheduled. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance in case any of them needed medical attention. As the athletes began to pace themselves, the front runners started to disappear. It was then that my eyes were drawn to the woman in blue running shorts and a baggy white T-shirt.
I knew we were already watching our “last runner”. Her feet were turned in, yet her left knee was turned out. Her legs were so crippled (跛足的) and bent that it seemed impossible for her to walk, not to mention run a marathon.
The driver and I watched in silence as she slowly moved forward. We would move forward a little bit, then stop and wait for her to gain some distance. Then we’d slowly move forward a little bit more. As I watched her struggle to put one foot in front of the other, I found myself breathing for her and urging her forward. I wanted her to stop, and at the same time, I prayed that she wouldn’t.
Finally she was the only runner left in sight. I sat on the edge of my seat and watched with respect and amazement as she pushed forward with strong determination through the last miles. When the finish line came into sight, the cheering crowds had long gone home. Yet standing straight and proud waited a man. He was holding one end of a ribbon tied to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the ribbon fluttering behind her.
I don’t know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my life — a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about beating the other runners or winning a prize. It was about finishing what she had set out to do. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how easy the task before me really is.
41．What words can best describe the woman?
A．Proud and determined. B．Modest and courageous
C．Diligent and considerate. D．Strong-willed and honorable.
42．What has the author learnt from the woman?
A．Don’t depend on others when facing difficulties.
B．Nothing is too tough to accomplish if one is brave enough.
C．It’s not winning but holding on straight to the end that really matters.
D．The disabled can also run a marathon despite their walking difficulty.
43．What could be the best title for the text?
A．The Annual Marathon. B．The Last Runner.
C．An Unforgettable Job. D．Humorous Stranger.

Are you happy? Do you remember a time when you were happy? Are you seeking happiness today?
Many have sought a variety of sources for their feelings of happiness. Some have put their heart and efforts into their work. Too many have turned to drugs and alcohol. Meanwhile, untold numbers have looked for it in the possession of expensive cars, exotic (异国的) vacation homes and other popular “toys”. Most of their efforts have a root in one common fact: people are looking for a lasting source of happiness.
Unfortunately, I believe that happiness escapes from many people because they misunderstand the journey of finding it. I have heard many people say that, “I’ll be happy when I get my new promotion,” or “I’ll be happy when I lose that extra20 pounds.” It is dangerous because it accepts that happiness is a “response” to having, being or doing something.
In life, we all experience stimulus (激励) and response. Today, some people think that an expensive car is stimulus. Happiness is a response. A great paying job is stimulus. Happiness is a response. A loving relationship is stimulus. Happiness is a response. This belief leaves us thinking and feeling: “I’ll be happy when...”
It has been my finding that actually the opposite is true. I believe that happiness is a stimulus and response is what life brings to those who are truly happy. When we are happy, we tend to have more success in our work. When we are happy, people want to be around us and enjoy loving relationships. When we are happy, we more naturally take better care of our bodies and enjoy good health. Happiness is not a response but a stimulus.
Happiness is a conscious choice we make every day of our lives. For unknown reason to me, many choose to be painful, unsuccessful and angry most of the time. Happiness is not something that happens to us after we get something we want—we usually get things we want AFTER we choose to be happy.
44．From the second paragraph, we know too many people __________.
A．all desire exotic vacation homes
B．are not happy when they work hard
C．are not happy when they drink or take drugs
D．are happy when they possess their own expensive cars
45．Generally speaking, most people feel happy because __________.
A．they get what they want to have
B．they get a great paying job
C．they get an expensive car
D．they think happiness is rooted in their deep hearts
46．Which of the following is right according to the author?
A．Most people today are happy.
B．Work is a necessary part in our daily life.
C．We should try to get more and then we’ll be happy.
D．If you want to get what you want, you first choose to be happy.
47．From the viewpoint of the author, happiness is __________.
A．based on our needs B．out of reach
C．unconditional D．limited



















参考答案：
1．B
2．B
3．D
4．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了布莱恩·施瓦茨(Brian Schwartz)成为疫情失业背景下，免费为社区的老年人和残疾人提供修剪草坪的服务，创办一个网站loanttomowyourlaen.com帮助更多需要服务的人，既帮助了别人，也升华了自己。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Brian Schwartz became one of the many to turn jobless under the epidemic.(布莱恩·施瓦茨(Brian Schwartz)成为疫情下失业的众多人之一。)”可知，失业使布莱恩陷入了困境。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There was clearly a broader need for what he was offering. So he decided to launch a website, loanttomowyourlaen.com,and a kindness movement was born.(显然，他所提供的东西有更广泛的需求。于是，他决定创办一个网站loanttomowyourlaen.com，一场善意运动就此诞生)”可知，Brian创立网站是为了提供更广泛的服务。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““We are not only providing them with financial relief,” he says. “It’s mental and physical relief as well.”(“我们不仅为他们提供经济援助，”他说。“这是精神和身体上的放松。”)”可知，Brian的组织给人们精神上的支持以及直接的帮助。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“lwanttomouwyourlawn.com has become a passion. Not least of all for the benefits the kindness brings. “It stimulates my mind, my body and my soul just by helping others,” he says. “It’s a really good feeling. I feel like I’m doing something that has some meaning and purpose.”(Lwanttomouwyourlawn.com已经成为一种激情。尤其是这种善意所带来的好处。“通过帮助他人，它刺激了我的思想、身体和灵魂。这种感觉真的很好。我觉得我做的事情是有意义和目的的。”)”可知，我们从文章中能得出我们通过帮助别人而得到升华。故选C。
5．D
6．A
7．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由于疫情原因，Harley University暂停了所有的校园参观活动。为了帮助高中毕业生了解报考Harley University的相关信息，Harley University将为高中毕业生提供在线信息课程。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, we write to you today to affirm our commitment to working with you and your students as they navigate the college search and application process.(然而，我们今天写信给您，确认我们的承诺，将与您和您的学生在大学搜索和申请过程中进行合作。)”以及第二段“To that end, we are pleased to announce that beginning on Tuesday, March 31, 2020, our office will be offering online information sessions for prospective students.(为此，我们很高兴地宣布，从2020年3月31日星期二开始，我们的办公室将为未来的学生提供在线信息课程。)”可知，这封信是为了告知由于疫情不能参观学校，所以Harley University决定提供网上信息课程，以帮助学生了解申请该大学的信息，即告知获取大学申请信息的其他方法。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, we write to you today to affirm our commitment to working with you and your students as they navigate the college search and application process.(然而，我们今天写信给您，确认我们的承诺，将与您和您的学生在大学搜索和申请过程中进行合作。)”，第二段“To that end, we are pleased to announce that beginning on Tuesday, March 31, 2020, our office will be offering online information sessions for prospective students.(为此，我们很高兴地宣布，从2020年3月31日星期二开始，我们的办公室将为未来的学生提供在线信息课程。)”以及“While designed for prospective students, counselors are welcome to join.(虽然是为未来的学生设计的，但欢迎辅导员加入。)”可知，在线信息课程是为即将毕业报考大学的高中生而准备的。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Much like our on-campus information sessions, these will consist of a one-hour discussion hosted by a Harley admission dean and a current student. (就像我们的校园信息会议一样，这些会议将包括一个小时的讨论，由哈雷大学的招生主任和一名在读学生主持。)”以及倒数第三段“While we are disappointed that campus visits are not currently possible, we are confident that these online sessions will provide the same accessibility, information, and enthusiasm as we introduce your students to the Harley community. (虽然我们对目前无法访问校园感到失望，但我们相信，这些在线课程将提供同样的便利、信息和热情，就像我们向您的学生介绍哈雷社区一样。)”可知，此次在线课程的功能和校园参观的功能几乎一致。故选C。
8．A
9．D
10．C
11．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了成为超级运动员所需要的因素。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“How does a person become an Olympic champion—someone capable of winning the gold? In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete.(一个人如何成为奥运会冠军——一个有能力赢得金牌的人?事实上，生物、环境和心理因素的结合，以及训练和练习，都是造就超级运动员的关键。)”以及下文通过几个段落分别阐述了成为奥运冠军所需要的素质。所以这篇文章主要讲成为超级运动员的因素。故选A。
9．词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“Olympic weightlifters, for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles(例如，奥运会举重运动员的肌肉中有大量的快速收缩纤维)”可知，奥运会举重运动员的肌肉中的快速收缩纤维比普通人多得多。所以more指代的是“快速收缩纤维”故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段“Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin. Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. (在肯尼亚、埃塞俄比亚和摩洛哥等高海拔国家长大的人，血液中富含血红蛋白。大量的血红蛋白在体内携带氧气的速度更快，使这些运动员跑得更好。)”可知，来自高海拔国家的运动员有血液中富含血红蛋白的优势。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第六段“Greg Lougains, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: “You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the divers hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.”   (四枚奥运会跳水金牌得主格雷格•洛甘斯表示，跳水运动员必须以同样的方式训练才能成功：“你从起飞到落水只有不到三秒的时间，所以必须是条件反射。你必须重复潜水数百次，甚至数千次。”)”和最后一段“How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Lougains explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: “Most divers think too much…,” he says. “They’re too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She’d probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash.”(运动员如何适应如此大的压力? 洛甘斯解释了他是如何在比赛中学会控制焦虑的：“大多数跳水运动员想得太多了……”“他们脑子里想的太多了。对我有用的是幽默。我记得我在想，如果我妈妈看到我跳得不好，她会说什么。她可能只会称赞我漂亮的水花。”)”可知，跳水运动员格雷格•洛甘斯认为努力练习和训练是关键，但尽量不要把事情看得太严重。故选C。
12．D
13．A
14．D
15．A

【导语】这是一篇短片小说。短文是莫泊桑的短片小说《项链》。故事讲述了小公务员的妻子玛蒂尔德为参加一次晚会，向朋友借了一串钻石项链，来炫耀自己的美丽。不料，项链在回家途中不慎丢失。她只得借钱买了新项链还给朋友。为了偿还债务，她节衣缩食，为别人打短工，整整劳苦了十年。最后，得知所借的项链原是一串假钻石项链。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Mathilde surprises him by refusing to go and throws the invitation onto the floor. She gets upset and tells her husband that without a new gown and jewelry she cannot possibly attend the ball.(玛蒂尔德拒绝去，并把邀请扔到地板上，这让他很惊讶。她很生气，告诉丈夫如果没有新的礼服和珠宝，她不可能参加舞会)”推知，玛蒂尔德拒绝参加舞会是因为没有新的礼服和珠宝她会被人瞧不起。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“One evening, the triumphant Monsieur Loisel comes home and hands her an invitation to a ball at the Ministry of Public Instruction where he works. (一天晚上，得意洋洋的卢瓦塞尔先生回到家，递给她一张请柬，邀请她参加他工作的公共教学部举办的舞会)”，第三段的“When Madame Forestier sees how happy the necklace makes her friend feel she agrees to lend it to her for the ball.(当福雷斯蒂尔夫人看到这条项链让她的朋友感到多么高兴时，她同意把它借给她参加舞会)”，第六段的“The Loisels arrive home at the Rue des Martyrs, and Mathilde’s happiness turns to horror as she sees that the necklace is missing when she looks in the mirror to admire herself one more time.(卢瓦塞尔一家回到了Rue des Martyrs街的家，当玛蒂尔德再次对着镜子欣赏自己时，发现项链不见了，她的快乐变成了恐惧)”，第七段的“The jeweler offers the couple a similar necklace for thirty-six-thousand francs with the understanding that he will buy it back if they find the necklace before the end of February. (珠宝商以三万六千法郎的价格向这对夫妇提供一条类似的项链，条件是如果他们在二月底之前找到项链，他就把项链买回来)”，倒数第三段的“The next years are horrible for Mathilde, who works like a servant, her own servant having been dismissed. The Loisels move to cheaper housing. Mathilde dresses in work clothing and becomes responsible for doing all the family’s “odious” housework duties.(接下来的几年对马蒂尔德来说是可怕的，她像个仆人一样工作，自己的仆人也被解雇了。Loisel一家搬到了更便宜的房子。玛蒂尔德穿着工作服，负责做家里所有“讨厌”的家务)”，以及倒数第二段的“She explains that it was purchased with ten years of hard labour. She proudly describes how she met her obligation both to Madame Forestier and to society.(她解释说，这是用十年的艰苦劳动换来的。她自豪地描述了她如何履行对弗赖斯节夫人和社会的义务)”可知，故事的发展顺序是：丈夫带回一张请柬，玛蒂尔德借朋友的项链，发现项链丢失，丈夫买回一条钻石项链，夫妇两努力工作还债，玛蒂尔德对朋友讲述自己的英雄行为。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The necklace that she had loaned Mathilde was mere costume jewelry worth only five hundred francs.(她借给玛蒂尔德的那条项链只是一件装饰项链，只值五百法郎)”推知，Forestier没有打开装钻石项链的盒子是因为借给玛蒂尔德的项链不是真的，她根本不在乎。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Although from a family of clerks, she always felt she had “fallen from a higher station” and longs to be part of the upper class. With no prospect of meeting these dreams she marries a middle-class Parisian clerk. This leaves her unhappy, suffering from what she thinks as a life of poverty.(尽管她出身于一个职员家庭，但她总觉得自己“落伍了”，渴望成为上流社会的一部分。在没有实现这些梦想的前景下，她嫁给了一位巴黎中产阶级职员。这让她很不快乐，因为她认为自己的生活很贫穷)”以及她丢了“假”项链并花三万六千法郎购买钻石项链还给Forestier，以及通过自己的劳动还债推知，玛蒂尔德是一个不幸但诚实的人。故选A。
16．C
17．B
18．B
19．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了特雷弗·诺亚的著作《天生有罪》。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“Born a Crime by Trevor Noah, who is now a daily show host, is an autobiography about Trevor’s life in Africa.(特雷弗·诺亚是一名每日节目主持人，他的《天生有罪》是一本讲述特雷弗在非洲生活的自传。)”可知，特雷弗·诺亚是一名节目主持人，他所著的《天生有罪》是一本关于他在非洲生活的自传。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“In Trevor’s whole early life, being mixed-race, he often wasn’t allowed to go outside during apartheid because the police could have taken him away; he couldn’t be seen with his parents and his mother had to pretend to be his maid when they were in public. Trevor struggled to fit in at school as he didn’t know which group to play with. (在特雷弗的整个早年生活中，作为一个混血儿，在种族隔离时期，他经常不被允许出门，因为警察可能会把他带走;他不能和他的父母在一起，当他们在公共场合时，他的母亲不得不假装是他的女佣。所以特雷弗得让他妈妈的朋友假扮他妈妈。特雷弗很难融入学校，因为他不知道该和哪个小组一起玩。)”可知，特雷弗早年很难融入校园生活。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段“She gave him permission to dream beyond his circumstances.(她允许他超越自己的环境去梦想。)”可知，特雷弗的母亲鼓励他超越现有的限制。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s a story of survival against the odds and the human ability to transcend the limits of their origin.(这是一个在逆境中生存的故事，以及人类超越自身极限的能力。)”可知，《天生有罪》的主题是突破现有的限制，到达顶峰。故选C。
20．B
21．D
22．C
23．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。对植物来说，香味是与昆虫和其他动物互动的一种方式。它们对人的吸引力完全是偶然发生的。文章主要说明了植物是如何通过香味来保护自己以及繁殖的。
20．推理判断题。根据第二段中“If an insect chews through the leaves of some Bursera plants, out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are even more crafty: upon sensing the smell of hungry caterpillars, they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests.(如果一只昆虫咬穿了一些Bursera植物的叶子，就会喷出一种粘性的、有臭味的液体来困住它。土狼烟草植物甚至更狡猾：一旦嗅到饥饿毛虫的气味，它们就会产生挥发物，吸引捕食者杀死害虫)”可推知，作者认同香味是植物保护自己的工具。故选B。
21．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“to scare off competitors, Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that guarded cinnamon”可知，为了吓跑竞争对手，阿拉伯商人传播了一个关于守护肉桂的巨鹰的传说，可见有些香料非常珍贵，让商人通过传说来吓跑竞争对手。故画线词意思是“宝贵的”。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段“What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction. White flowers often emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They produce a dilute nectar (稀释的花蜜) that encourages moths to keep moving, rather than linger at a single bloom—all the better to increase pollination. Other flowers change their fragrance after being successfully pollinated, as a signal for insects to go elsewhere.(真正令人惊奇的是植物在利用它们的气味进行繁殖时是多么的狡猾。白花通常在夜间散发气味，以吸引夜间传粉者，如飞蛾。它们产生稀释的花蜜，鼓励飞蛾不断移动，而不是停留在一个单一的花期，这更好地增加授粉。其他花朵在成功授粉后会改变它们的香味，作为昆虫转移到其他地方的信号)”可知，植物利用香味来吸引和赶走传粉者。故选C。
23．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humans have long gained pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most part, though, human beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with insects and other animals. Their attraction for people happens simply by chance.(长期以来，人类一直从自然界的气味中获得快乐。不过，在大多数情况下，人类并不是它们的目标市场。对植物来说，香味是与昆虫和其他动物互动的一种方式。它们对人的吸引力完全是偶然发生的)”结合文章主要说明了植物是如何通过香味来保护自己以及繁殖的。可知，B选项“香味背后的聪明机智”最符合文章标题。故选B。
24．C
25．D
26．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公妮娅通过一次在交易会上的表现，成功地克服了与他人交流的恐惧，建立了通技巧和信心，出色地完成了工作的项目。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Nia wanted to take steps to find a job and support herself. She finally took a deep breath and decided to give it a shot.”（但妮娅想找份工作养活自己。她终于深吸了一口气，决定试一试。）可知，她想找工作的愿望是让她最终决定尝试这个计划的。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Nia’s confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was beaming. “I was so impressed by Nia. She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramic,” said Kate.”（每和妮娅交流一次，她的信心就增加一次。那天结束时，她满脸笑容。“妮娅给我留下了深刻的印象。她非常喜欢向顾客解释如何烧制陶瓷。”凯特说。）可知，这次交易会改变了妮娅的生活，因为她在互动中获得了自信。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence, Nia completed the Tile Project with flying colors.”（在工作人员的持续支持下，妮娅建立了沟通技巧和信心，出色地完成了瓷砖项目。）故可推知，关于妮娅，我们知道她最终成功地完成了这个项目。ABD选项与原文实意不符。故选C项。
27．A
28．B
29．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文介绍了患上了格林-巴利综合征的18岁男孩Mark Orsini的求学经历。
27．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词上文“The wheelchair-bound young man, a patient of mine, was pushed to the lectern at the high school(那个坐轮椅的年轻人是我的一个病人，他被推到了高中的讲台上)”及下文“But Mark Orsini delivered a powerful speech and received a thunderous applause from his fellow students, who had wondered if he’d live to graduate.(但马克·奥西尼发表了一场强有力的演讲，并得到了同学们的雷鸣般的掌声，同学们曾怀疑他是否能活到毕业)”可推知，那个坐轮椅的年轻人被推到高中的讲台上发表毕业演说。由此可知，划线词的意思是“毕业”。故选A项。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“The solution was remarkable: The Orsinis would sit at Mark’s side and recite the alphabet. When they got to a letter Mark needed to spell a word, he’d nod “yes”. They’d write it down, then start over and wait for him to nod again.(这个解决方案很了不起：奥尔西尼一家会坐在马克身边背诵字母表。当他们说到一个字母，马克需要拼写一个单词，他会点头“是”。他们会写下来，然后重新开始，等待他再次点头)”可知，马可的父母在学习上帮助了马可。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I wanted to tell him of my shame when my children tried to talk to me and I brushed them off because I didn’t have time to listen.(我想告诉他，当我的孩子们试图和我说话时，我没有理睬他们，我对此感到羞愧。因为我没有时间听他们说话)”可知，根据最后一段，作者对自己对待孩子的方式感到内疚。故选C项。
30．B
31．D
32．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲了作者的女儿患有脑瘫，在一位老师的帮助下，他的女儿增加了信心，可以和别人正常交流了，因此作者把这种特殊的教育方法用在家庭中，每天他们都会给彼此赞美。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.(每个人都是天才。但是，如果你以爬树的能力来判断一条鱼，那么它一辈子都会认为自己很笨)”和第二段“My five-year-old daughter Syona has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and it means, combined with her communication and sight problems, that normal standard isn’t always an accurate measure of her abilities.(我5岁的女儿Syona患有脑瘫，这意味着，再加上她的沟通和视力问题，正常的标准并不总是对她能力的准确衡量)”和最后一段的“If we are reminded of our strengths on a regular basis, we will become increasingly confident about progress and success.(如果我们经常被提醒我们的优势，我们将对进步和成功越来越有信心)”可知，作者认为爱因斯坦说的这句话是非常正确的。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I couldn’t help but be reminded of Syona’s teacher and how she supports each kid in a very similar way. Ulmer recently shared a video of his teaching experience. “I have seen their confidence increase rapidly.” he said.(我不禁想起了Syona的老师，她以非常相似的方式支持每个孩子。Ulmer最近分享了一段他教学经历的视频。“我看到他们的信心迅速增强。”他说)”可知，Syona的老师帮助她的学生们增加了信心。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I actually wonder what the influence would be if we did something similar to what Ulmer does with his students in our home. We’ve recently started our day by reminding each other of the good qualities we all have.(实际上，我想知道如果我们在家里像Ulmer那样对孩子，会有什么影响。最近，我们以提醒彼此我们都拥有的好品质开始了我们的一天)”可知，在作者家里发生的变化就是每天他们都会给彼此赞美。故选C。
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，很多有名的运动员成为孩子的偶像，他们的言行对崇拜他们的人有很大影响，因此应注意自身的言行，履行社会责任。
33．推理判断题。根据第一段“Arguably though, it is not until their talents are acknowledged (认可) by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them. (然而，尽管有争议，直到他们的才能得到公众的认可，他们才真正伟大。)”可知，第一段试图强调运动员的天赋被人们认可时才会变得伟大。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Of course there is no obligation for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal.(当然，运动员没有义务成为好的榜样。没有监禁判决，没有罚款，没有社区服务——除非他们的行为是违法的。)”可知，运动员有在法律范围内自由行动的权利。故选B。
35．词句猜测题。根据划线短语前一句“Some are born great，some achieve greatness(有些人生来伟大，有些人通过努力获得伟大)”可知，划线短语所在句“and some have greatness thrust upon them”是讲述另一种变得伟大的方式，应是“被迫变得伟大”，所以thrust upon意为“被迫，强加于”。故选D。
36．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段最后一句“Due to this fascination, particularly with the massive influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to acknowledge their responsibility.(由于这种迷恋，尤其是媒体的巨大影响，对这些运动员来说，承认他们的责任比以往任何时候都重要。)”可知，本文主要讲述运动员成为很多人的偶像，他们的行为影响着崇拜他们的人，所以本文的目的是提醒运动员他们所承担的社会责任。故选C。
37．A
38．B
39．C
40．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍无论一个人是在考虑创业还是改变职业道路，激情都是必须考虑的因素，与价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、纪律、毅力和运气等特征相比，追随激情更有助于商业和事业的成功。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether an individual is considering starting a small business or changing career paths, passion must be taken into account. While characteristics such as strong values, talent, ambition, intellect, discipline, persistence (毅力), and luck all contribute to business and career success, following your passion can often make the most significant difference of all. (无论一个人是在考虑创业还是改变职业道路，激情必须考虑在内。尽管诸如强烈的价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、纪律、毅力和运气这些特点，都有助于企业和事业成功，追随你的激情会产生最显著的影响。)”可知，作者介绍了文章的主题：激情促成事业的成功，因此推断第一段的目的是介绍主题。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The more you earn, the less money returns, making money an elusive(难以捉摸的) definition of success.(你赚的越多，金钱带来的回报就越少，这使得金钱成为成功的一个难以捉摸的定义。)”以及第二段的最后一句“Success is usually thought of as making large sums of wealth or achieving a certain level of fame, but true success that satisfies is not all about money. (成功通常被认为是获得大量的财富或获得一定程度的名声，但真正让人满意的成功并不全是金钱。)”、第三段的第二句“More than money or fame, most people desire to combine their own passions with their work while making a sustainable income. (比起金钱或名声，大多数人更渴望将自己的激情与工作结合起来，同时获得可持续的收入。)”可推知，通过说赚得越多，金钱带来的回报，作者的意思是：金钱并不总是能定义成功。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据第四段“For most people, success means being proud of their achievements and being part of something that matters. This is particularly true when it comes to meaningful work. If an individual decides to follow their passion, there is a greater likelihood that money and traditional success will follow because the time and effort invested in the adventure come with enthusiasm and zeal (热情). (对大多数人来说，成功意味着为自己的成就感到骄傲，为成为重要事情的一部分感到骄傲。当涉及到有意义的工作时尤其如此。如果一个人决定追随自己的激情，金钱和传统的成功就更有可能随之而来，因为投入到冒险中的时间和努力伴随着激情和热情。)”可知，带着激情投入工作，这份工作就变得有意义了，这时更有可能获得金钱以及传统意义的成功。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段可知，在考虑创业还是改变职业道路时，与价值观、天赋、抱负、智力、纪律、毅力和运气相比，激情是最有助于企业和事业成功的因素。并结合倒数第二段“Also, the more passionate someone is about their job, the more inclined (倾向于) they are to work hard on self-improvement, increasing their chances of success. (此外，一个人对自己的工作越有激情，他们就越倾向于努力自我完善，增加成功的机会。)”可知，B项“Follow Your Passions, and Success Will Follow (追随你的激情，成功就会随之而来)”作为本文标题，最为贴切。故选B项。
41．D
42．C
43．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在一次马拉松比赛中遇到了一名跛足女士，从她身上学到了真正重要的不是取胜而是坚持到底的道理。
41．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Her legs were so crippled (跛足的) and bent that it seemed impossible for her to walk, not to mention run a marathon.”(她的腿残疾得如此严重而且还弯曲，似乎连走路都不可能，更不用说跑马拉松了。)和第三段第一句“The driver and I watched in silence as she slowly moved forward.”(我和司机静静地看着她慢慢向前走。)可知，这名女士有强大的意志力；根据最后一段第一句“I don’t know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my life—a part I often depend on.”(我不知道这个女人的名字，但从那一天起，她成了我生命的一部分——我常常依赖的一部分。)可知，这名女士是一个可敬的人。故选D。
42．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句和第三句“For her, it wasn’t about beating the other runners or winning a prize. It was about finishing what she had set out to do.”(对她来说，无关于打败其他选手或赢得奖品。而是完成她已经开始做的事情。)可知，作者从女士身上学到了真正重要的不是取胜而是坚持到底的道理。故选C。
43．主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“I knew we were already watching our “last runner”.”(我知道我们已经在看“最后一名选手”了。)和最后一段倒第二句“When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner.”(当我觉得事情太难了，或者是“我就是做不到”的时候，我就会想到这个最后一名选手。)可知，作者以最后一名选手为着眼点，阐述了真正重要的不是取胜而是坚持到底的道理。故选B。
44．D
45．A
46．D
47．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了幸福到底是什么。
44．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Meanwhile, untold numbers have looked for it in the possession of expensive cars, exotic (异国的) vacation homes and other popular “toys”. Most of their efforts have a root in one common fact: people are looking for a lasting source of happiness. (与此同时，无数人在拥有昂贵的汽车、异国情调的度假屋和其他受欢迎的“玩具”中寻找它。他们的大部分努力都植根于一个共同的事实：人们正在寻找幸福的持久源泉)”可知，许多人当他们拥有自己昂贵的汽车时，他们就感到了幸福。故选D项。
45．推理判断题。由第四段中的“In life, we all experience stimulus (激励) and response. Today, some people think that an expensive car is stimulus. Happiness is a response. A great paying job is stimulus. Happiness is a response. A loving relationship is stimulus. Happiness is a response. (在生活中，我们都会经历刺激和回应。今天，一些人认为昂贵的汽车是刺激因素。幸福是一种回应。高薪工作是刺激。幸福是一种回应。爱情是刺激。幸福是一种回应)”可知，人们认为昂贵的轿车、高薪工作和爱情都是一种刺激，得到了它们而后才有了幸福，可得出人们得到了自己想要的东西，才会觉得幸福。故选A项。
46．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Happiness is not something that happens to us after we get something we want—we usually get things we want AFTER we choose to be happy. (幸福不是在我们得到想要的东西之后发生在我们身上的事情——我们通常会在选择幸福之后得到想要的东西)”可知，作者认为D项“如果你想得到你想要的，你首先要选择幸福”正确。故选D项。
47．推理判断题。由第五段中的“I believe that happiness is a stimulus and response is what life brings to those who are truly happy. (我相信幸福是一种刺激，而生活给真正幸福的人带来的东西是回应)”和最后一段中的“Happiness is not something that happens to us after we get something we want—we usually get things we want AFTER we choose to be happy. (幸福不是在我们得到想要的东西之后发生在我们身上的事情——我们通常会在选择幸福之后得到想要的东西)”可知，作者认为幸福是一种刺激，之后带来的东西是回应，只要我们首先选择幸福，我们就能得到自己想要的东西，所以幸福是无条件的，只要你觉得自己幸福你就会拥有你所想要的东西。故选C项。