高考英语二轮复习浙江高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份高考英语二轮复习浙江高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共30页。
阅读理解
“A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website.” This is the definition(定义) of the word “selfie” in the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, it wasn’t even in the dictionary until August, 2013. It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed(着迷) with selfies—we take them when we try on a new hat, play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we haven’t seen in a while.
But does this obsession actually make sense? Is there any scientific explanation for it? Well, you should probably ask James Kilner, a neuroscientist at University College London.
Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people’s faces and facial expressions. In contrast, according to Kilner, we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them—we just feel them most of the time.
This has been proved in previous studies in which participants were shown images of themselves and asked to match their facial expressions in the pictures. In most cases, they failed to accurately produce the same facial expressions without being able to see themselves in the mirror, according to BBC．
To further test how we actually sense our own faces, Kilner carried out another study. He showed people different versions(版本) of their own image—the original which had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive—and asked them to pick the version which they thought looked most like them. Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture. This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.
But what does it say about selfies? Well, isn’t that obvious? Selfies give us the power to create a photograph—by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters(滤镜) and so on—that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.
“You suddenly have control in a way that you don’t have in non-virtual(非虚拟的) interactions,” Kilner told the Canada-based CTA News. Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you’re happy with”, he explained.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Taking selfies. B．The addiction to selfies.
C．The history of selfie. D．The rise of selfie.
2．What can we learn from Kilner’s studies?
A．We can know about our own faces well.
B．We tend to recognize our own faces easily.
C．We become poor at reading others’facial expressions.
D．We believe we have better images than we actually do.
3．What is the real reason behind taking selfies?
A．It enables them to improve their skill of taking a photograph.
B．It meets their needs to know their own faces better.
C．It makes them possible to reach their expectation.
D．It offers them a way to control the virtual world.
4．What might be the best title of the passage?
A．What Is Selfie B．Selfie Beautify Yourself
C．How Do People Take Selfies D．Selfies Improve Your Confidence

For people suffering from depression (抑郁), there’s an all-natural treatment they should use—getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.
For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes (基因) were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study’s start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.
Both high-intensity (高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode (一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. “Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky,” said lead author Karmel Choi. “On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”
Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. “Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,” Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there’s something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.
5．How did the researchers reach their conclusion?
A．By analyzing a mass of data.
B．By conducting genetic research.
C．By comparing various levels of activity.
D．By tracking the subjects for many years.
6．What does the study show about depression?
A．Physical activity betters medical treatment.
B．Exercise may decrease and prevent it.
C．Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.
D．Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.
7．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Simple. B．Complex. C．Unusual. D．Common.
8．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To discuss a disease. B．To introduce a scientific study.
C．To analyze a genetic risk. D．To explain a phenomenon.

It’s still there, the Vietnamese school where my brother and I used to go. Even with a new coat of paint and the high wire fence, the school I knew ten years ago remains the same.
Every day at 5 p.m., instead of flying kites with our friends, my brother and I had to go to Vietnamese school. Nothing could stop my determined mother to have us learn the language of our culture. She held us by the collar and walked with us from our home to school, leaving our tearful faces before the front of the school.
Although the school mainly taught language, the lessons always began with an exercise in politeness. With the entrance of the teacher, the best student would tap a bell and everyone would get up, and say in Vietnamese, “How are you, teacher?”
The language always made me embarrassed. More often than not, I have tried to separate myself from the loud voice that followed me whenever I went to the American supermarket outside our area. The voice belonged to my grandmother, a small old woman whose Vietnamese was quick, loud, but not beautiful. I did not want to be seen speaking Vietnamese with her and thought of as talking stupid.
When I spoke English, people nodded at me, smiled and encouraged me. My brother was even stricter than I about speaking English. He was especially cruel towards my mother, scolding her for her poor English. Bits of Vietnamese were often mixed in her conversation.
After two years of struggle, I finally divorced my culture. I was permitted to stop Vietnamese school. I thought of myself as American. At last, I thought I was one of you; I wasn’t one of them.
Sadly, I am only an American.
9．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The author’s brother helped mother with her English.
B．The author’s mother taught him English at home.
C．The author didn’t like learning Vietnamese when he was young.
D．The author’s mother put her sons in a language school in Vietnam.
10．Why did the author want to learn English?
A．The author would get recognized when speaking English.
B．The author’s brother is strict about speaking English.
C．It was the wish of the author’s mother.
D．The author’s nationality is American.
11．What might be the author’s feeling now?
A．scared B．peaceful C．satisfied D．regretful
12．What message does the author want to convey(表达) through the passage?
A．It is difficult to adapt to a new environment.
B．It is important to appreciate your own culture.
C．It is important to remember your childhood.
D．It is difficult to learn a foreign language.

“Why do you have 9,632 emails in your inbox (收件箱)?”
I looked at my husband,“Um...is that a lot? How many are in your inbox?”
“About twenty,” he replied. I looked at my inbox. There were emails I had meant to deal with; emails from customers and the kids’ schools with information I needed; there were time-sensitive offers I’d never got around to investigating; endless updates from the social media platforms I subscribed to, and the rest I had kept just in case.
I realized that I had become an email hoarder (囤积者). I clearly had a problem and I needed to act. I paused my work and began to delete unwanted emails. An hour later I made little progress.
“Just delete the whole lot,” my husband strongly suggested.
Could I do that? It was appealing. But I paused. I couldn’t. I did have a problem! Then I decided to compromise. I kept the last month’s emails and deleted everything else. I looked at my almost empty inbox. Wow, it felt so good.
To be honest, I feel genuine anxiety about deleting emails, FOMO (错失恐惧症) is a real problem for many people like me with email issues. So many emails are “offers”. What if that amazing offer never comes up again? But the fact is that they do...frequently. What’s more,these great offers are often time-sensitive and so we hang on to them “just in case”, then miss the deadline anyway and still don’t delete them.
I found it useful to limit my emails to 50 and I use an email system which ensures all school emails go into a separate inbox, so I can see at a glance when “Dress like a Roman” day or “Bring an onion to school” day (yes really) is coming up! I feel more in control and organized now. I’m on top of my inbox. Now I’m off to handle the cupboard under the stairs!
13．What was the author’s immediate reaction to her husband’s suggestion??
A．She approved of it. B．She felt annoyed at it.
C．She hesitated about it. D．She was astonished at it.
14．What led to the author’s anxiety about deleting emails?
A．The deadline that she forgot to meet.
B．The fact that she liked keeping emails.
C．The offer that she might never give.
D．The fear that she would miss out something.
15．What does the author do with her inbox at last?
A．Adopt an email system to classify all emails.
B．Separate unwanted emails into a new inbox.
C．Reply to school emails as soon as possible.
D．Set a restriction to the number of emails.
16．What is the text mainly about?
A．How the author became an email hoarder.
B．How the author takes her inbox in hand.
C．Why FOMO is a real problem.
D．Why emails turned out to be a headache.

This fall, students at the University of Massachusetts found a new menu at their dining commons: the “diet for a cooler planet” menu. This meant herb-roasted lamb, raised with a carbon-friendly approach. It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm’s field post-harvest. The options were plant-heavy, locally grown, and involved little to no packaging.
“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food,” says Kathy Wicks, sustainability director for UMass Dining. The university is not alone in this effort. Increasingly, American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change. For many, small choices at the grocery store, dining hall, and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.
Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference. Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems, but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming. According to Project Drawdown, a research organization that evaluates climate solutions, the way food is grown, transported, and consumed accounts for about a quarter of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. Beef is a regular target. “If, on average, Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet, it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year,” says Sujatha Bergen, director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council. Food waste ranks third among climate solutions. While much waste occurs before consumers are involved-food left on the field or “chucked” because it does not fit appearance standards, Americans also throw out a lot of food they have purchased: about $1,600 worth a year per family of four.
“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate,” says Megan Larmer, director of regional food at the Glynwood Center for Regional Food and Farming in New York. But, she cautions substantial change will need to come from the whole food system.
17．What is the purpose of the new menu at the University of Massachusetts?
A．To market the cold dishes.
B．To reduce the cost of packaging.
C．To popularize the plant-heavy diet.
D．To promote low carbon awareness.
18．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A．Food is a decisive factor for climate change.
B．Food choices matter much to global warming.
C．Universities are working together in climate action.
D．Fuel-efficient cars are not affordable for consumers.
19．What does Sujatha Bergen say about beef?
A．It has great influence on carbon reduction.
B．It is popular among millions of car drivers.
C．It has a close relationship with gas emission.
D．It plays a significant role in American’s diet.
20．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Food System Reform: A Successful Trial
B．Global Warming: An Approaching Danger
C．Carbon Emission: A Killer, or Healer?
D．Low Carbon Diet: A Craze, or More?

If you are ready to take your water adventures, the touring kayak (皮艇) may be for you. Check out our new Spring Group Kayaking Tour and join us for some fresh air and exercise!
Group Kayak Fitness
Suitable for experienced paddlers only. The kayak is bigger than the ordinary one to suit for the open waters. It also features other parts that will make your travels easier and safer. Coffee tea is not currently provided, but you can certainly bring your own in a reusable cup! $90 per class with a 10% discount for group booking.
Please email Laura@sydneybykayak.com.au for details on how to purchase a 10 class pass.
Social Paddle
Suitable for all levels of fitness. Many people like to team up and go kayaking for several days in group. It is safe if you travel in numbers, because the kayak is designed heavier and larger, it could be very difficult to turn over. This two-day tour enables you to enjoy a night by an open fire and combine some other hobbies such as photographing and bird watching. But remember to carry all the necessary equipment needed to make your trip a safe and exciting one. $160 per class.
Please email Susan@sydneybykayak.com.au for details on how to purchase a 10 class pass.
Clean-up Kayak Tour
Suitable for all levels of fitness. This two-mile round-trip paddle is a chance to explore the Lavender Bay and experience the wildlife while the site is closed to the public. It is a great way to try kayaking, get outside for some gentle exercise and help the surroundings at the same time. $50 per tour.
Please email Jenny@sydneybykayak.com.au for details on how to purchase a 10 class pass.
Sunrise Kayak and Coffee
Suitable for beginners. It’s perfect for those who are fairly new to kayaking, as well as more experienced kayakers who enjoy and appreciate the calmness of the early mornings and a good coffee. Paddlers will experience a unique side to Sydney Harbour and learn some of the history of Sydney. Lots of tourist stops for photos and stories are waiting for you. $145 per person, per tour.
Please email Anna@sydneybykayak.com.au for details.
21．Which tour is suitable for people who are concerned about the environment?
A．Group Kayak Fitness.
B．Social Paddle.
C．Clean-up Kayak Tour.
D．Sunrise Kayak and Coffee.
22．What makes Social Paddle different from other tours?
A．Group booking can have a discount.
B．It is suitable for inexperienced paddlers.
C．Lavender Bay is one of the stops in this tour.
D．The paddlers can enjoy overnight gatherings.
23．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A geographic magazine
B．A historical book
C．A travel brochure
D．An adventure fiction

I’ve tried a bunch of strategies to increase my intelligence. I’ve made flashcards to memorize words. I’ve subscribed to daily crosswords. What did I get for it? Average scores on standardized tests. A lot of unfinished puzzles. But I can’t say any of those strategies made me noticeably smarter.
Paul, a biology and social science writer, challenges us to rethink what we think about thinking. Our assumption that intelligence solely exists within the isolated organism of brain leaves us flummoxed by paradoxes like this one: how London resident Ben Pridmore can remember the order of 1,400 randomly shuffled playing cards but can’t remember his friends’ birth dates. Our bodies, our social networks and our surroundings, she argues, are “extra-neural” inputs that have a profound influence on cognition (认知).
To illustrate the impact of physical spaces on cognition, Paul tells the story of Montaigne, a 16th century thinker who might have been the first to design a man cave and style it in ways to promote deep thought. She shares reflections on the transformative effect on mental well-being of the 150-foot ceilings in ancient Roman public baths, and the reasons why the large stone pillars (柱子) of the Salk Institute can foster expansive thinking.
She couples the experiences of Daniel Kahneman with contemporary neuroscientific studies to explain the benefits of physical movement for cognitive focus and memory. She uses this work to convincingly highlight how the daily routine at school—with its relative shortage of leisure time—is a drawback to the development of children’s attention span.
Paul does not offer do’s and don’ts for designing childhood education centers. She does not advise directly on how to prepare for a public address at a board meeting. However, the diverse and deeply researched information she presents about the impact of atmosphere, our bodies and the people around us on our thought process can certainly be translated into that. Our minds are bigger than our brains, and if we embrace that fact, there’s so much more we can accomplish.
24．How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 1?
A．By listing examples.
B．By presenting a setting.
C．By providing evidence.
D．By sharing the experience.
25．What does the underlined word “flummoxed” mean in Paragraph2？
A．Confused. B．Influenced. C．Impressed. D．Attracted.
26．What does Paul find about influential factors on cognition?
A．Large stone pillars are helpful to develop critical mind.
B．Lack of rest could do harm to the cognitive development.
C．Learning from great minds helps to facilitate deep thought.
D．Good childhood academic education well promote cognitive focus.
27．Which of the following might Paul agree with?
A．More public speeches at meetings are helpful.
B．Brain training is not equal to intelligence development.
C．Thought process can be changed into diverse information.
D．Intelligence is best cultivated in childhood education centers.

Have you ever wondered if you see the same colours as other people? Most people know what blue is when they see it. They call it “blue” because they were taught the word and connected it with what they saw. But how do you know what you see as blue isn’t someone else’s red?
The ability to perceive(感知)different colours is up to receptors(接受器)in our eyes. Light waves hit these receptors and they react depending on which colour the light is, sending signals to the brain. The brain then reads these signals to determine which colour light the eyes are receiving.
Some people’s receptors are more developed than others. The inability of the receptor to feel the light waves correctly means that some people cannot tell the differences between similar colours. Those with more developed receptors can see more colours. We sometimes hear people having an argument about whether something is dark blue or black. It might be because one person has stronger receptors to feel the light than another.
In the past, most scientists would argue that everyone saw colours in the same way. However, research was conducted on monkeys, in which their receptors were changed. This enabled them to see more colours than usual. Normally monkeys can only see blue and green,but the change allowed them to see red. Their brains automatically got used to new colours. This suggests that our brains may find new colors of the things we see. Colours could be a very personal experience,unique to everyone.
So, the next time you talk about your favourite colour, just remember if yours is blue and your friend says red, you two might actually be thinking about the same colour. What if everyone in the world has the same favourite colour, but just calls it different names?
28．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．How we perceive colours.
B．The inability to see colours.
C．What the brain does with signals.
D．The connection between receptors and light waves.
29．Which of the following might the author agree with?
A．Some people cannot feel colours with their developed receptors.
B．The more light people feel, the weaker receptors they have.
C．People with poor receptors usually have colour weakness.
D．People who have strong receptors can see dark blue.
30．What’s the purpose of conducting the research on monkeys?
A．To test the monkeys with colours.
B．To develop the receptors of humans.
C．To enable monkeys to find more colors.
D．To prove everyone sees colours in a different way.
31．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A film review. B．A science magazine.
C．An art journal. D．A science fiction

Some events have been added to the 2024 Olympics, with breakdancing and sport climbing among the recent additions. With them come a group of terms that are foreign to the French language. For some French-language purists, it’s too much to bear to rely on English to praise surfers on their “noseriding”— standing on the front of the board. They’ve decided they need a French solution.
The French government has created a team of language experts devoted to promoting the national language. They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms. The French battle against the influence of other languages isn’t new. In 1994, the Toubon law was passed, forcing the use of French in ail government publications, contracts and advertisements. Yet it contained several loopholes, which allow brands and companies to extensively use English. As a result, anglicisms are becoming more obvious.
Julie Neveux, linguistics professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, said anglicisms are “sometimes estimated at just under 5% of the present vocabulary, but they are disturbing because they show that we follow an economic and cultural model other than our own.” They are particularly present in sports competitions and events, during which athletes from around the world are used to communicating in English. “Sport was one of the first areas to be globalized,” said sports historian Michael Attali, “This phenomenon has strengthened English as the official language.”
Despite their best efforts, no committee has successfully prevented English from infiltrating everyday language. By the time French officials agreed on a translation and its definition, the English version has already spread throughout the nation. “Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far,” said Attali.
“There are far fewer anglicisms in French than there are French words in English.” said Neveux. Adding these exchanges should not be seen as a threat. “All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity.”
32．What will a team of language experts do?
A．Promote the spread of French in the world.
B．Decide upon some new sports terms.
C．Bring English and French together.
D．Make French much purer.
33．What’s the result of previous efforts to stop English from infiltrating French?
A．Fruitless. B．Successful. C．Unimportant. D．Unmentioned.
34．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．English is more popular than French.
B．All languages should be preserved.
C．The exchanges between two languages can be avoided.
D．Neveux is positive about the impurity of language.

In this period of anxiety about the size of our waists and what we consume, simple dietary rules are appealing.“Eat like our ancestors”is a particularly catchy slogan (口号) to live by.
But who are these ancestors we are supposed to follow? Are they our great-great-grandparents, cooking healthy things? Or are they hairy animals we imagine “cavemen“ to be? The popular ancient diet blames modern health problems on the birth of agriculture, claiming that we should stick to eating meat, nuts and berries.
This kind of stone age trend is based on the false assumption that palaeolithic (旧石器时代的) peoples all ate the same food, regardless of their location. Nevertheless, England’s 9,000-year-old Cheddar Man would not have eaten the same foods as his contemporaries on the Kenyan plain. The amount of meat peoples ate, and how much was obtained by hunting, are also up for debate.
Moreover, the stone age trend is focused on what’s perceived to be good for our bodies, without any concern for the rest of nature, including other humans whose livelihoods are threatened by western overconsumption. Were I to eat like my Punjabi farming great-grandparents, my diet would be based on the wheat and milk products that people in the Punjab have relied on for probably at least the last two thousand years. But delicious and “original” as it might be for me to follow its lead, the morals of industrially farmed milk products in the 21st century make the situation more confusing and complicated.
Now, probably more than ever before, what we eat connects us to the fate of other beings, human and non-human, and to the fate of our planet. A dogmatic (武断的) approach to this would be a mistake. Better to preserve what’s worth keeping and remain clear-eyed about our cooking past, much of which is unknowable, immoral and impossible to follow in any case.
35．What does the text concern?
A．An ancient study.
B．An immoral case.
C．A balanced diet.
D．A popular belief.
36．Why does the author mention Cheddar Man in paragraph 3?
A．To illustrate an opinion.
B．To present a fact.
C．To clarify a concept.
D．To introduce a theory.
37．What does the author focus on in paragraph 4?
A．The eating behavior of our great-grandparents.
B．The connection between food choice and nature.
C．The relationship among eating,hunting and farming.
D．The impact of food overconsumption on the environment.
38．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．Punjabi diet:popular again
B．Should we eat like our ancestors?
C．Is the fate of the planet in our hands?
D．Our cooking past:a complicated history














参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．C
4．B

【导语】本文是篇说明文。随着越来越多的人开始喜欢自拍，英文单词“selfie”也被纳入了牛津英语词典。文章通过一些实验和研究，讲述了人们喜爱自拍的原因以及自拍对人们产生的意义。
1．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“ Is there any scientific explanation for it? ”（对它什么科学解释吗?）可知，“it”应该指前文所提到的事物。根据上一句“But does this obsession actually make sense? ”（但这种痴迷真的有意义吗?）可以判断，“it”应该指“this obession”，意为：这种痴迷；结合第一段“because people are now so obsessed(着迷) with selfies”可知，这是对自拍的着迷和上瘾。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段“This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.”（这表明，我们往往认为自己比实际上要更好看。）可知，Kilner的研究发现我们都相信自己比真实的自己要有更好的形象。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you’re happy with””（自拍可以让你“不停地拍照，直到拍出一张自己满意的照片”。）可知，自拍可以使人们有机会达到自己的期望。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据第五段“This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.”（这表明，我们往往认为自己比实际上要更好看。）、第六段“Selfies give us the power to create a photograph—by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters(滤镜) and so on—that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.”（自拍给了我们创造照片的能力—通过从不同的角度、不同的姿势、使用滤镜等等—使我们的期望与我们的真实面孔更好地匹配。）和最后一段“Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you’re happy with””（自拍可以让你“不停地拍照，直到拍出一张自己满意的照片”。），并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲了自拍可以让人们拍出比真实的自己更好看的照片，从而达到人们对自己形象的期望；即自拍可以美化自己，让自己变美。故选B。
5．A
6．B
7．D
8．B

【导语】本文为说明文，主要介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes (基因) were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them(在这项研究中，研究人员从近8000人身上收集了信息，并在对这些人进行检查后发现，在接下来的两年里，拥有相关基因的人更容易患抑郁症)”可知，研究者们收集和研究了近8000人的信息，由此可推知，他们是通过分析大量资料得出结论的，故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky(我们的研究结果有力地表明，当涉及到抑郁症时，身体活动有可能消除遗传风险个体未来发作的额外风险)”和“On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes(平均而言，每天大约增加35分钟的身体活动可以帮助人们降低风险，并预防未来的抑郁症发作)”可知，研究表明体育锻炼可以帮助人们降低患抑郁症的风险并防止未来抑郁症的发作，故选B项。
7．词义猜测题。根据前文“Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected(抑郁症是全球常见的精神疾病，受影响的人数超过2.64亿)”和下文“and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible(这突出表明需要采取能够影响尽可能多的人的有效方法)”可知，此处强调抑郁症的普遍性，由此推测划线词的意思是“常见的，普通的”，故选D项。
8．推理判断题。纵观全文，尤其是第一段中“It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.(新的研究表明，即使人们有基因风险，它也可以帮助对抗抑郁症。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究，由此可推知，文章的写作目的是介绍一项科学研究。故选B项。
9．C
10．A
11．D
12．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对往事的一段回忆，表达了作者深深的遗憾之情。小时候作者被母亲强制着去学习自己的母语——越南语。但是作者却以说越南语为耻，希望自己是一个真正的美国人。但是长大后作者对自己文化的缺乏而感到深深的遗憾。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She held us by the collar and walked with us from our home to school, leaving our tearful faces before the front of the school. (她拉着我们的衣领，带着我们从家走到学校，留下我们泪流满面地站在学校门前)”以及第四段“The language always made me embarrassed. (这种语言总是让我尴尬)”可推知，作者年轻时不喜欢学越南语。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The language always made me embarrassed. (越南语总是让我感到尴尬。)”以及第五段“When I spoke English, people nodded at me, smiled and encouraged me.(当我说英语时，人们向我点头，微笑并鼓励我。)”可知越南语让我觉得尴尬，而当作者讲英语时可以得到人们的认可和鼓励，所以作者想学英语。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sadly, I am only an American. (可悲的是，我只是一个美国人)”以及其中的“Sadly”和“only”两个词可以推断出作者感觉很遗憾。故选D项。
12．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章倒数第二段“I thought of myself as American. At last, I thought I was one of you; I wasn’t one of them. (我认为自己是美国人。最后，我以为我是你们中的一员；我不是他们中的一员)”以及最后一段“Sadly, I am only an American. (可悲的是，我只是一个美国人)”可推知，本文讲述了作者小时候母亲强迫他去学自己的母语，但是当作者最终可以如愿以偿地放弃学习自己的母语后，他又感到了深深的遗憾和后悔。由此可知，通过本文作者想要表达的是——欣赏自己的文化很重要。故选B项。
13．C
14．D
15．D
16．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者处理并控制收件箱的过程。
13．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Could I do that? It was appealing. But I paused. I couldn’t. I did have a problem! Then I decided to compromise. (我可以这样做吗？这很吸引人。但我停顿了一下。我不能。我确实犯难！然后我决定折中)”可知，作者对丈夫建议的第一反应是犹豫不决。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据第七段中“To be honest, I feel genuine anxiety about deleting emails, FOMO (错失恐惧症) is a real problem for many people like me with email issues. So many emails are ‘offers’. What if that amazing offer never comes up again? (说实话，我真的对删除邮件感到焦虑，对于很多像我这样有邮件问题的人来说，错失恐惧症是一个真正的问题。很多邮件都是‘主动提供的’。如果那个惊人的工作机会再也没有了怎么办？)”可知，作者是害怕会错过一些东西而导致对删除邮件感到焦虑。故选D项。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I found it useful to limit my emails to 50 and I use an email system which ensures all school emails go into a separate inbox, so I can see at a glance when ‘Dress like a Roman’ day or ‘Bring an onion to school’ day (yes really) is coming up! (我发现把我的电子邮件限制在50封很有用，我使用的电子邮件系统可以确保所有学校的电子邮件都放在一个单独的收件箱里，所以我可以一眼看到‘穿得像罗马人’日或‘带洋葱到学校’(是的，真地)即将到来！)”可知，作者最后限制了邮件数量。故选D项。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“I’m on top of my inbox. (我正在处理并控制我的收件箱)”可知，本文主要讲述可作者是如何处理并控制收件箱的。故选B项。
17．D
18．B
19．A
20．D

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段的“This meant herb-roasted lamb, raised with a carbon-friendly approach. It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm’s field post-harvest. The options were plant-heavy, locally grown, and involved little to no packaging.(这意味着用一种碳友好的方式饲养的香草烤羊肉。其中包括从当地农场收获后采摘的红薯。这些选择都是当地种植的植物，几乎没有包装)”和第二段的““We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food,” says Kathy Wicks, sustainability director for UMass Dining.(“我们想让学生通过选择食物来参与气候行动，”马萨诸塞大学餐饮部可持续发展主任凯西·威克斯说)”推知，马赛诸塞州大学新菜单的目的是促进学生的低碳意识。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Increasingly, American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change. For many, small choices at the grocery store, dining hall, and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.(越来越多的美国消费者和机构开始思考他们的食物选择如何影响气候变化。对许多人来说，在杂货店、食堂和餐馆的小选择比购买节能型汽车或安装家用太阳能电池板等昂贵的选择更容易获得)”推知，食物选择对全球变暖意义重大，因为比起节能汽车等昂贵的选择来，它更容易做到。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段的““If, on average, Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet, it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year,” says Sujatha Bergen, director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council.(“平均来说，如果美国人每周从饮食中减少四分之一磅牛肉，就相当于每年减少1000万辆汽车，”自然资源保护委员会健康运动主任Sujatha Bergen说)”可知，Sujatha Bergen认为人们少吃牛肉就相当于减少了汽车排放。由此推知，Sujatha Bergen认为牛肉对减碳有很大影响。故选A。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段的“Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference. Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems, but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming. (饮食习惯上的小改变可能会带来很大的不同。气候活动人士经常以化石燃料和运输系统为目标，但研究指出，粮食系统是全球变暖的一个重要因素)”和最后一段的“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate(人们开始明白，他们的食物选择对气候有很大影响)”可知，本文主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。D项“低碳饮食：疯狂，还是更多？”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
21．C
22．D
23．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个皮划艇之旅。
21．细节理解题。根据Clean-up Kayak Tour部分的“It is a great way to try kayaking, get outside for some gentle exercise and help the surroundings at the same time. (尝试皮划艇是一种很好的方式，在户外进行一些温和的锻炼，同时帮助环境)”可知，该旅行有助于帮助环境，因此适合关心环境的人。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Social Paddle部分的“This two-day tour enables you to enjoy a night by an open fire and combine some other hobbies such as photographing and bird watching. (在这个为期两天的旅行中，你可以在篝火边享受夜晚，还可以结合摄影和观鸟等其他爱好)”可知，参加该行程的桨手们可以享受夜晚聚会。其他三个行程没有提到夜晚聚会，因此这是Social Paddle的特殊之处。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Check out our new Spring Group Kayaking Tour and join us for some fresh air and exercise!(看看我们新的春季团体皮划艇之旅，和我们一起呼吸新鲜空气，锻炼身体!)”以及下文对四个皮划艇之旅的介绍推知，本文很有可能出自一本旅游手册。故选C。
24．D
25．A
26．B
27．B

【导语】本文是说明文。文章谈论了有关智力发展的问题，作者通过阐述生物学和社会科学作家保罗的研究说明了我们的思维比大脑更大，仅是锻炼大脑并不等同于智力发展。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“I’ve tried a bunch of strategies to increase my intelligence. I’ve made flashcards to memorize words. I’ve subscribed to daily crosswords. What did I get for it? Average scores on standardized tests. A lot of unfinished puzzles. But I can’t say any of those strategies made me noticeably smarter.(我试过很多方法来提高我的智商。我做了闪卡来记忆单词。我订阅了每日填字游戏。我得到了什么?标准化考试的平均分。还有很多未完成的难题。但我不能说这些策略中有哪一个让我明显变聪明了。)”可知，第一段作者通过讲述自己的经历引出文章的话题，关于智力的话题。故选D。
25．词句猜测题。根据下文内容“by paradoxes like this one: how London resident Ben Pridmore can remember the order of 1,400 randomly shuffled playing cards but can’t remember his friends’ birth dates. (被像这样的悖论：伦敦居民本·普莱德莫尔(Ben Pridmore)能记住随机打乱的1400张扑克牌的顺序，却记不住朋友的生日。)”并结合常识可推断，这种事情让我们困惑，引出推断上文讲述的是：我们的智力只存在于孤立的大脑有机体中的假设，让我们困惑，故划线词与A项“困惑的”意思相近。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段的“She uses this work to convincingly highlight how the daily routine at school—with its relative shortage of leisure time—is a drawback to the development of children’s attention span.(她用这项工作令人信服地强调了学校的日常生活——休闲时间的相对短缺——是如何阻碍儿童注意力持续时间的发展的。)”可知，保罗发现学校里儿童闲暇时光的短缺阻碍了儿童注意力的发展，也就是说缺少休息可能对认知发展有害。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However, the diverse and deeply researched information she presents about the impact of atmosphere, our bodies and the people around us on our thought process can certainly be translated into that. Our minds are bigger than our brains, and if we embrace that fact, there’s so much more we can accomplish.(然而，她提供的关于大气、我们的身体和我们周围的人对我们思维过程的影响的多样化和深入研究的信息当然可以解释这一点。我们的思想比我们的大脑更大，如果我们接受这个事实，我们可以完成更多的事情。)”可知，保罗认为我们的思维比我们的大脑更大，如果我们接受了这个想法，我们就能获得更多的成功，因此推断大脑训练不等同于智力的发展是她所同意的。故选B。
28．A
29．C
30．D
31．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人眼分辨颜色背后的科学。
28．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The ability to perceive (感知)different colours is up to receptors (接受器)in our eyes. Light waves hit these receptors and they react depending on which colour the light is, sending signals to the brain. The brain then reads these signals to determine which colour light the eyes are receiving( 感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器。光波击中这些感受器，感受器根据光的颜色做出反应，向大脑发送信号。然后大脑读取这些信号，以确定眼睛接收到的是哪种颜色的光)”可知本段主要讲我们如何感知不同的颜色。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Those with more developed receptors can see more colours.(接受器更发达的人能看到更多的颜色)”可知，接受器发达的人能看见更多的颜色，由此可推知接受器不发达的人看到的颜色少，可能存在辨别色彩的障碍。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“In the past, most scientists would argue that everyone saw colours in the same way. ( 在过去，大多数科学家会认为每个人看到颜色的方式都是一样的)”及后面的转折“However, research was conducted on monkeys, in which their receptors were changed. This enabled them to see more colours than usual. Normally monkeys can only see blue and green, but the change allowed them to see red.( 然而，在猴子身上进行的研究发现，它们的接受器发生了变化。这使他们能比平时看到更多的颜色。通常猴子只能看到蓝色和绿色，但这种变化让它们看到了红色)”可知，前后意思是相反的，即：对猴子进行研究的目的是证明每个人看颜色的方式不一样。故选D。
31．推理判断题。本文第一段以一个例子发问引出接下来文章要讨论的主题，故第二段首句“The ability to perceive （感知）different colours is up to receptors （接受器）in our eyes.( 感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器)”是本文主题，主要讲感知色彩和眼中接收器的关系，故本篇文章可能出现在科普杂志上。故选B。
32．B
33．A
34．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着2024巴黎奥运会临近，法国官方想用法语命名一些新的体育术语，并介绍了法国以前为了阻止英语渗透法语所做出的努力。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The French government has created a team of language experts devoted to promoting the national language. They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms.(法国政府成立了一支致力于推广国家语言的语言专家团队。他们将在未来几年定期会面，以确定和定义新的体育术语)”可知，语言专家团队定期会面是为了确定和定义新的体育术语。由此可知，语言专家团队将决定一些新的体育术语。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Despite their best efforts, no committee has successfully prevented English from infiltrating everyday language.(尽管他们尽了最大努力，但没有一个委员会成功地阻止了英语渗透到日常语言中)”和““Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far,” said Attali.(“过去已经设立了类似的委员会，但到目前为止没有任何变化，”Attali说)”可推知，以前努力阻止英语渗透法语的结果是徒劳的。故选A项。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity.(所有现存的语言都是通过相互借用而存在的。语言只因其不纯而存在)”可推知，Neveux对语言的不纯持肯定态度。故选D项。
35．D
36．A
37．B
38．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了从石器时代到现代等不同时期人类的饮食选择的见解与看法，说明我们最好保留值得保留的东西，并对我们的饮食历史保持清醒的认识。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段“In this period of anxiety about the size of our waists and what we consume, simple dietary rules are appealing. “Eat like our ancestors” is a particularly catchy slogan (口号) to live by.(在这个对腰围大小和消费的东西感到焦虑的时期，简单的饮食规则很有吸引力。“像我们的祖先一样吃饭”是一个特别吸引人的口号。)”可知，在现代，简单的饮食规则很有吸引力，现在最受欢迎的口号是“像我们祖先那样吃饭”，从而引出本文的话题。由此可知本文关注的话题为一种受欢迎的信念。故选D项。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Nevertheless, England’s 9,000-year-old Cheddar Man would not have eaten the same foods as his contemporaries on the Kenyan plain.(然而，拥有9000年历史的英格兰切达人不会吃与他在肯尼亚平原上的同时代人相同的食物。)”讲述的是英国九千年前的Cheddar Man吃的食物与肯尼亚平原上的同时代人不同，由此可知，此处阐述的是一种观点和看法。故选A项。
37．主旨大意题。分析段落的结构可知，第四段中的首句“Moreover, the stone age trend is focused on what’s perceived to be good for our bodies, without any concern for the rest of nature, including other humans whose livelihoods are threatened by western overconsumption.(此外，石器时代的趋势集中在被认为对我们身体有益的东西上，而不关心自然界的其他部分，包括其他生计受到西方过度消费威胁的人。)”是本段的主题句，此段讲述的是石器时代人们选择的是我们认为对我们身体有益的东西，根本不考虑大自然的其他方面。由此可知，该段分析的是石器时代人们对食物的选择与大自然的关系。故选B项。
38．主旨大意题。根据首段中的““Eat like our ancestors” is a particularly catchy slogan (口号) to live by.(“像我们的祖先一样吃饭”是一个特别吸引人的口号。)”引出本文讲述的话题，接下来文章又分析不同时代的人们对饮食观点和看法，再结合文章尾段中的“Better to preserve what’s worth keeping and remain clear-eyed about our cooking past, much of which is unknowable, immoral and impossible to follow in any case.(最好保留值得保留的东西，并对我们的烹饪历史保持清醒，其中大部分是不可知的，不道德的，无论如何都不可能遵循的。)”可知，我们在对食物作出选择的时候要保持清醒的头脑，不能一味地跟随以前的消费想法，综合以上分析，该段的标题可以为“我们要不要像我们的祖先那样消费？”。故选B项。