高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练五 含解析

这是一份高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练五 含解析，共11页。
课下天天练(五)　40分阅读提分练姓名________　班级________　考号________　时间：40分钟  阅读(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2022·沈阳市高三统考]In a lot of other states in America, warm sunny days mean lazy afternoons are spent on the beach. In Oregon, people pack hiking shoes with their bathing suits. Here are 3 incredible hikes for you.Cascade Head PreserveDistance: 6.8 milesDifficulty: ModerateNearest Town: Lincoln CityManaged by the international nonprofit The Nature Conservancy, the Cascade Head Preserve is an excellent hike that typically marks the division between the north and central Oregon coast. There are upper and lower trailheads (小道的起点), with about 3.4 miles of trails between the two.Cape LookoutDistance: 5 milesDifficulty: EasyNearest Town: TillamookOf all the capes (岬) on the Oregon coast, Cape Lookout might be the most famous, projecting 1.5 miles into the ocean. Visitors can tackle the five­mile, round­trip hike to the tip of the cape where they can enjoy several incredible views over the Pacific Ocean. Separate trails lead down to South Beach and the Campground.Clatsop Loop HikeDistance: 3 milesDifficulty: EasyNearest Town: Cannon BeachThere are several trails that traverse Tillamook Head at Ecola State Park, but the Clatsop Loop Hike takes top honor for its breathtaking cliffside views and quiet forested paths. Take the seaside trail from Indian Beach to the Hikers Camp, then take the forested path back. If you really want to take up the challenge, you can also hike the backside of Ecola for an additional 4 miles (one way) to a trailhead at the seaside.1．Which is the dividing line between the north and central Oregon coast?A.Lincoln City.                                B．Cascade Head Preserve.C．Cape Lookout.                             D．Cannon Beach.2．What can you do while standing on the tip of the cape?A．Go camping in the wild.B．Go hiking through the forests.C．Kill time on the beach.                         D．Enjoy views over the ocean.3．What is the Clatsop Loop Hike famous for?A．The vast forest.B．The easy hikes.C．The amazing scenery.D．The quiet seaside.B[2022·贵阳市学期监测]After six decades, the animated (动画的) movie Uproar in Heaven is still considered among the best in Chinese film history. Adapted from household classic novel Journey to the West in the 1960s, the movie, featuring the Monkey King fighting with the Jade Emperor and his officials, has made the heroic character one of the most widely recognized characters in Chinese culture. Seldom known, however, was the late graphic(绘画的) designer of the cartoon, Zhang Guangyu(1900～1965), whose work has influenced many well­known artists, including the late Ye Qianyu (1907～1995), Huang Yongyu and Han Meilin.In honor of the 120th anniversary of Zhang's birth, a collection of his major works, including Minjian Qingge (Folk Love Poems) and Xiyou Manji (Comics on Journey to the West) has been published. There is also a group of memoirs from Zhang's artist friends and oldest son.When designing the cartoon characters for Uproar in Heaven, Zhang borrowed styles from traditional Chinese sculpture, painted murals, woodcuts, paper­cuts and shadow puppetry. He also highlighted different personal traits of the characters, such as the Monkey King's innocence, integrity, courage and wisdom and the fatuity(昏庸)of the Jade Emperor, according to Li Keruo, one of the film's screenwriters. Moreover, Zhang's characters act vividly, showing the impact of posture, movement, costume and atmosphere coming from Peking Opera. The settings in the cartoon, such as the palace, lake, peach garden and the famous Huaguo Mountain and Shuilian Cave belonging to the monkeys, were inspired by Buddhist and Taoist architecture. Zhang became interested in watching Peking Opera performers paint their faces backstage in his childhood. The makeup serves as an indicator of the characters' personalities.4．What does the underlined word  “late”  in the second paragraph mean?A．Guilty.    B．Dead.   C．Innocent.  D．Famous.5．Why was the collection of Zhang Guangyu's works published?A．To perform a play.    B．To honor him.C．To shoot a film.      D．To earn money.6．What were Zhang's characters mainly inspired by?A．The memoirs.        B．Taoist architecture.C．Huaguo Mountain.    D．Peking Opera.7．What is the text mainly about?A．A few famous Chinese artists.B．Some famous animated films.C．Zhang Guangyu and his works.D．A new style of art in China.C[2022·成都市高三摸底测试]As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, the three­spined stickleback (三刺鱼) is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviours—they can even live in both sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that?The researchers tracked six populations of the fish before and after seasonal changes to their environment, using genome sequencing (基因组测序). Seasonal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance of salt and fresh water, and only those fish able to tolerate these rapid changes survive into the next season.“These changes probably resemble the habitat shifts experienced by stickleback populations during the past 10，000 years，” says Professor Barrett. “We hope to gain insight into the genetic changes that may have resulted from natural selection long in the past.”  Remarkably,   the  researchers   discovered   the evidence of genetic changes driven by the seasonal shifts in habitats,  which  mirrored  the  differences  found between  long­established  freshwater  and  saltwater populations.  “These  genetic  changes  occurred  in independent  populations   over  a  single  season, highlighting just how quickly the effects of natural selection can be detected，” says Professor Barrett, “the findings suggest that we may be able to use the genetic differences to predict how populations may adapt to the environment.”  The research emphasizes the importance of studying species in  dynamic  environments  to  gain  a better understanding of how natural selection operates. In the further research, they plan to investigate how repeatable the observed genetic changes are, by testing whether they  show  up  year  after  year.  Doing  so  would demonstrate  their  ability  to  reliably  forecast  the evolutionary future of these populations.8．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in Paragraph 1 ?A．The three­spined stickleback is under a wide range of temperatures.B．The three­spined stickleback is popular with evolutionary ecologists.C．The  three­spined  stickleback  can  adapt to different living conditions.D．The three­spined stickleback has different shapes, sizes, and behaviours.9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A．The difficulties of the research.B．The purpose of the research.C．The background of the research.D．The methods of the research.10．What is the main reason for the three­spined stickleback's survival?A．Habitat shifts.B．Genetic changes.C．Seasonal changes.D．Independent populations.11．Why will scientists study the repetition of the genetic changes?A．To know what natural selection is.B．To study species in dynamic environments.C．To test the reliability of the present discoveries.D．To forecast the evolutionary future of certain species.D[2022·T8八校高三第一次联考]Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy—ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness—that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the ideal place that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what—at last—I have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean (毕达哥拉斯的) power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people being a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery (嘲弄) of what human life should be. I long to alleviate (减轻) the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered to me.12．Which would be the best title of the essay?A．The suffering of life.B．The truth about love.C．The forces driving me.D．The power of knowledge.13．What does the author compare his life's passions to?A．The shining stars.B．Great  winds.C．A bottomless abyss.D．A boundless ocean.14．Which is NOT a reason why the author has sought love?A．It relieves loneliness.B．It brings ecstasy.C．It provides a glimpse of the ideal place.D．It leads to a marriage.15．What would the author most probably agree with?A．He regrets that he could not free himself of pity.B．Human love is ultimately disappointing.C．The ideal place is merely a poetic invention. D．A loving person naturally wants to relieve the suffering of others.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2022·济宁市高三模拟]Psychologists have long believed that human beings have a fairly consistent “negativity bias (消极偏见)” that leads us to pay more attention to negative thoughts, feelings and events than to positive ones. __1__ There is a positive explanation for the question. After all, we are motivated to grow after a misstep. However, we can't abandon ourselves to the negativity bias forever. How? __2__Practice Positivity. Like your muscles, your thought patterns respond to how they are used and exercised. You don't have to erase the negativity bias from your mind. __3__ For example, set calendar reminders throughout your day to convey an expression of gratitude or simply adjust your body language so you're holding yourself with strength and confidence.__4__ We're living in a time of pandemic or financial stress and deep division. Our negativity biases call our attention toward those realities. But we are well served to also see the opportunities in this moment: Maybe there's a home project we otherwise wouldn't have found time to tackle.Ask for Positive Reminders. Get in the habit of checking in with people who are with you when goodness finds you today. Mention to them, “That is an unexpected bit of praise from the boss, isn't it？” __5__ And who knows, you may help your friend, family member or coworker have a more positive day as well!A．Try the following suggested ideas.B．Redefine negativity as an opportunity.C．Instead, practice your positive lifestyle.D．Its negative influence can never be avoided.E．Why and how does this phenomenon happen?F．How do you handle it as you try to live with more positivity?G．Asking others to confirm your positive insights can facilitate your positivity课下天天练（五）　40分阅读提分练第一节A语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——远足地点介绍【语篇解读】　本文介绍了俄勒冈州三个富有特色的远足地点，包括距离、难度和最近的市镇等信息。1．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Cascade Head Preserve部分中的“the Cascade Head Preserve is an excellent hike that typically marks the division between the north and central Oregon coast”可知，两处的分界线是Cascade Head Preserve，故B项正确。2．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Cape Lookout部分中的“Visitors can tackle the five­mile, round­trip hike to the tip of the cape where they can enjoy several incredible views over the Pacific Ocean”可知，站在岬的顶端，你可以欣赏到海洋风景，故D项正确。3．答案与解析：C　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Clatsop Loop Hike部分中的“but the Clatsop Loop Hike takes top honor for its breathtaking cliffside views and quiet forested paths”可知，Clatsop Loop Hike因其壮丽景色而著名，故C项正确。B语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——文化——平面设计师张光宇先生及其作品【语篇解读】　张光宇先生是二十世纪六十年代动画电影《大闹天宫》的平面设计者。在设计《大闹天宫》的卡通形象时，他借鉴了中国传统雕塑、壁画、木刻、剪纸和皮影戏的风格，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响，他的作品影响了许多著名的艺术家。4．答案与解析：B　考查理解词汇的能力。根据该句中的“Zhang Guangyu （1900～1965）”可知，张光宇生于1900年，故于1965年，结合第三段第一句中的“In honor of the 120th anniversary of Zhang's birth”可以判断，该处表示“已故的平面设计师”，故画线词意为“已故的”，B项正确。5．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第一句可知，为纪念张光宇120周年诞辰，他的主要作品集，包括《民间情歌》和《西游漫记》已经出版。故B项正确。6．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第五段第一句可知，张光宇设计的人物举止生动，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响。据此可知，D项正确。7．答案与解析：C　考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了平面设计师张光宇及其作品。他是二十世纪六十年代动画电影《大闹天宫》的平面设计者，他在设计《大闹天宫》的卡通形象时借鉴了中国传统雕塑、壁画、木刻、剪纸和皮影戏的风格，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响。他的作品影响了许多著名的艺术家。故C项正确。C语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——科学发现——三刺鱼通过基因改变适应环境【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了研究人员通过跟踪记录发现，三刺鱼可以在不同的环境中存活是由于其基因改变。8．答案与解析：C　考查理解词汇的能力。代词一般指代上文中提到的内容，根据语境可知，that指代上文中的“they can even live in both sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range of temperatures”，故C项“它们可以适应不同的生存环境”正确。9．答案与解析：D　考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第二段中的“研究人员利用基因组测序，在它们生存环境季节性变化前后跟踪记录了6个种群的鱼类”可知，本段主要讲到了研究方法，故D项正确。10．答案与解析：B　考查推断的能力。根据第四段中的“Remarkably, the researchers...the seasonal shifts in habitats”可推知，三刺鱼之所以能够生存下去，其主要原因就在于为了生存所做的基因改变，故B项正确。11．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“Doing so  would...the  evolutionary  future  of these populations”可知，科学家研究基因改变的重复是为了预测未来某些物种的进化前景，故D项正确。D语篇类型：议论文　主题语境：人与自我——人生感悟——三种激情【语篇解读】　本文探讨了影响作者的人生的三种激情：对爱情的渴望，对知识的探求和对苦难的悲悯。12．答案与解析：C　考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句为全文的主旨句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要分析了影响作者的人生的三种激情。据此可知，C项最能概括全文主题。13．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第二句中的“These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither”可知，作者把这三种激情比作狂风，故B项正确。14．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。通读第二段可知，该段论述了作者寻求爱情的三个原因：带来狂喜（第二段第一句中的I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy），减轻孤独（第二段第二句中的I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness），让人瞥见理想之地（第二段第三句中的I have sought it, finally, because... of the ideal place）。文中没有提及婚姻，故D项符合题意。15．答案与解析：D　考查推断的能力。根据第四段尾句“I long to alleviate （减轻） the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer”可知，作者渴望减少罪恶，但是无能为力；据此可推知，“有爱心的人自然而然地想要减轻别人的痛苦”是作者最有可能赞同的观点，故D项正确。第二节语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——意见建议——介绍了几条消除消极偏见的建议【语篇解读】　主要介绍了几条消除消极偏见的建议。1．答案与解析：E　空格前讲消极偏见导致人们更加关注消极的思想、情感和事情；空格后讲对于这个问题有一个积极的解释。E项“为什么会出现这种现象以及这种现象是怎样出现的呢”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。2．答案与解析：A　空格前讲然而，我们不能永远沉溺于消极偏见中。那要怎样做呢？空格后提出了几条建议。A项“尝试一下以下的建议”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。3．答案与解析：C　空格前讲你不需要把消极偏见从你的脑海中抹去；空格后举例说明用积极的态度去面对消极偏见。C项“相反，养成你的积极的生活方式”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。4．答案与解析：B　空格处为本段小标题。空格后讲我们生活在一个大流行或（有）经济压力和严重分歧的社会。我们的消极偏见会让我们关注这些现实。但我们也很幸运地看到了这一刻的机遇。B项“将消极重新定义为一种机会”统领全段，适合做本段小标题。故选B。5．答案与解析：G　空格前讲这是来自老板出乎意料的一点表扬，不是吗？空格后讲你也可以帮助你的朋友、家人或同事度过更积极的一天。G项“让别人肯定你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【亮点句积累】For example, set calendar reminders throughout your day to convey an expression of gratitude or simply adjust your body language so you're holding yourself with strength and confidence.（第二段最后一句）译文：例如，每天设置日历提醒以表达感激之情，或者简单地调整肢体语言，以保持你的力量和自信。词汇积累：consistent adj. 一致的，连贯的　abandon v. 抛弃，放纵　convey v. 表达，传送　tackle v. 应付，处理