山东省济宁市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省济宁市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了答题前，考生务必用0，第Ⅱ卷答题卷必修用0等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022—2023学年第二学期期中质量检测
高二英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共14页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将第Ⅱ卷答题卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.第Ⅱ卷答题卷必修用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液胶带、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did John do with his old computer?
A. He sold it. B. He donated it. C. He lent it to his sister.
2. What’s the weather like now?
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. . Rainy.
3. When will the speakers leave for the cinema?
A. Around 2:35 pm. B. Around 2:30 pm. C. Around 2:20 pm.
4. How does Jane look now?
A. Confident. B. Nervous. C. Tired.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. How to find a subway station.
B. How to order a taxi in the city.
C. How to get to the train station.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ plan for tonight?
A. To buy gifts. B. To walk around the city. C. To dine with Lisa’s family.
7. What are the speakers probably doing in the city?
A. Visiting friends. B. Going sightseeing. C. Looking for work,
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why did Jason miss Karen’s party last night?
A. He visited his father.
B. He showed no interest.
C. He got attracted by a football game.
9. What did Jason’s father do to improve Jason’s health?
A. He took Jason to see a doctor.
B. He exercised more with Jason.
C. He changed Jason’s eating habits.
10. How often does Jason play football now?
A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once every two weeks.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. Why will the woman leave work early this afternoon?
A. To see someone off.
B. To pick up her relatives.
C. To travel around the city.
12. What should the woman do before she leaves work?
A. Copy files. B. Book an air ticket. C. Mail product samples.
13. Which city will Mr. Lee go to on May 8?
A. New York. B. Los Angeles. C. Chicago.
14. Who is the woman most probably speaking to?
A. Her boss. B. Her customer. C. Her friend.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What troubles Henry now?
A. He has lost his sports coat.
B. He has failed the running race.
C. He has forgotten the speech contest.
16. Where will Henry go next?
A. To the library.
B. To the playground.
C. To the lost and found office.
17. What does Henry advise Linda to do?
A. Receive training.
B. Come up with a topic first.
C. Ask Miss Green for advice.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What was the speaker’s grandmother good at?
A. Running. B. Storytelling. C. Swimming.
19. Whose works did the speaker read in high school?
A. Zadie Smith’s. B. Sharon Draper’s. C. Virginia Woolf’s.
20. How does the speaker make a living now?
A. By teaching. B. By writing C. By giving lectures.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Discover the best things to do in Beijing with our round-up of art and exhibitions, performances and popular activities.
Jazz With JLCO and Wynton Marsalis
Jazz at Lincon Centre Orchesra and trumpet master Wynton Marsalis will join hands to tour three Chinese cities: Shenzhen, Beijing and Tianjin in April, bringing the most popular jazz music from the US. Their Beijing stop will be on March 20, at the Forbidden City Concert Hall.
If you go: 7:30 p.m. April 24.
Ticket: 180 — 1,080 yuan
Chen Sa Piano Recital
Chinese pianist Chen Sa has appeared at many music festivals, including the Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival and the Purl Piano Festival. The performance at the National Centre for the Performing Arts features the melodies of French composer Debussy.
If you go: 7:30 p.m. December 20.
Ticket: 80 — 500 yuan
African Wood Carvings
African art motivated artists such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse in the early 20th century. But besides art, the continent has a long and rich heritage of wood carving. Tree of Life, an exhibition at the National Art Museum of China, features African wood carvings from countries such as Tanzania, Mozambique and Benin.
If you go: 9 a.m. — 5 p.m. January 21.
Ticket: Free
Another Way of Telling
This exhibition, staged at the Three Shadows Photography Art Centre, shows almost 100 works of Anna Fox and Karen Knorr, two leading documentary photographers in the UK. It features different series of works, such as photographs discussing problems of social classes, working environments, and self- awareness.
If you go: 10 a.m. — 5 p.m. January 6.
Ticket: 60 yuan
1. When can we enjoy music composed by Debussy?
A. At 3 p.m. January 6. B. At 10 a.m. January 21.
C. At 7:30 p.m. April 24. D. At 7:30 p.m. December 20.
2. What can we do at the Tree of Life exhibition?
A. Enjoy classical music.
B. Appreciate Pablo Picasso’s works.
C. Learn basic skills of wood carving.
D. Get to know a special art form from Tanzania.
3. Where will Karen Knorr’s works be exhibited?
A. At the Forbidden City Concert Hall.
B. At the National Art Museum of China.
C. At the National Centre for the Performing Arts.
D. At the Three Shadows Photography Art Centre.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了在北京举行的关于艺术、展览、表演和热门活动等相关活动的信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chen Sa Piano Recital中的“The performance at the National Centre for the Performing Arts features the melodies of French composer Debussy.If you go: 7:30 p. m. December 20.”（这场在国家大剧院举行的演出以法国作曲家Debussy的旋律为特色。如果你去的话:12月20日晚上7:30）可知，12月20日晚上7:30可以欣赏Debussy作曲的音乐。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据African Wood Carvings中的“Tree of Life, an exhibition at the National Art Museum of China, features African wood carvings from countries such as Tanzania, Mozambique and Benin.”（在中国美术馆举办的“生命之树”展览中，展出了来自坦桑尼亚、莫桑比克和贝宁等国的非洲木雕作品）可知，在生命之树展览会上我们能了解一种来自坦桑尼亚的特殊艺术形式。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Another Way of Telling中的“This exhibition, staged at the Three Shadows Photography Art Centre, shows almost 100 works of Anna Fox and Karen Knorr, two leading documentary photographers in the UK.”（本次展览在Three Shadows Photography Art Centre举行，展出了英国两位著名纪实摄影师Anna Fox和Karen Knorr的近100件作品）可知，Karen Knorr的作品在Three Shadows Photography Art Centre展出。故选D项。
B
From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute the environment, and it creates a significant threat to all life forms on Earth. Despite knowing the effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to ban the use of plastic products. Now, thanks to the invention of a 17-year-old girl, Arora, we finally have a better choice. This plastic-like material is made from prawn shells, and it breaks down 1.5 million times faster than most of the commercial plastic products we use today.
The Australian teen first became aware of the impact of plastic waste on the environment when shopping with her mother. She wondered why her mother had to pay for the plastic bags. When asked, the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it. This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.
But the journey of inventing “eco-friendly plastic” was not easy. She experimented with a number of organic materials such as cornflour and banana peels, both of which had to be ruled out because of their solubility. One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research. Later, she would describe that dinner as her “Eureka” moment.
She extracted the material called “chitin” from the shells and then mixed it with an insoluble protein called “fibroin”, which is found in silk cocoons. Using the combination of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days. Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.
Arora’s invention has caused a stir, and she has won a number of awards. As an inspiring young woman, Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.
4. What inspired Arora to create a kind of special plastic?
A. A cashier’s words about paid plastic bags. B. Her determination to protect the prawns.
C. A class about plastic’s impact on the planet. D. Her plan to save money on plastic products.
5. What could be a “Eureka” moment?
A. A moment of needing reflection. B. A moment of finding the truth.
C. A moment of having sudden inspiration. D. A moment of enjoying the celebration.
6. What can be known about the new plastic in paragraph 4?
A. It is made from non-organic materials. B. It can break down totally in a month.
C. It can be used to help plants to grow. D. It is extracted from an insoluble protein.
7 Which of the following can best describe Arora?
A. Brave and clever. B. Creative and inspiring.
C. Active and considerate. D. Humorous and friendly.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的女孩Arora发明了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料，介绍了她发明这种塑料的经过和她的发明所取得的成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“When asked, the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it. This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.(当被询问时，收银员告诉她塑料是如何伤害地球的，额外收费是为了鼓励人们不要使用它。这启发Arora发明了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料)”可知，是收银员对收费塑料袋的评价启发Arora创造了一种特殊的塑料。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research. Later, she would describe that dinner as her “Eureka” moment.(一天晚上，在吃晚饭的时候，她注意到虾壳看起来像塑料。她立即去实验室做研究。后来，她将那次晚餐描述为她的“顿悟”时刻)”可推知，Arora在那次吃晚饭时从虾壳中得到了灵感，创造出了这种分解很快的塑料，所以“Eureka”的时刻是指突发灵感的瞬间。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.(此外，这种塑料在分解时会释放出氮，这就是为什么它可以用作植物肥料)”可知，第四段中的新型塑料可以用来帮助植物生长。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Using the combination of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days.( Arora将这两种有机材料结合起来，创造了一种类似塑料的材料，这种材料在短短33天内就能完全分解)”以及最后一段中“As an inspiring young woman, Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.(作为一名鼓舞人心的年轻女性，Arora想要改变世界，她希望鼓励其他年轻人追随自己的激情，尽其所能做出积极的改变)”可推知，Arora创造出了分解更快的塑料，且鼓励其他年轻人，所以她是个有创造性和启发性的人。故选B。
C
Parenting styles have changed over the years in response to the rapid changes in the world. Whether it is tapping technology or applying the best parenting practices to meet a parenting need, parents nowadays generally invest more time in finding out how best to raise their children.
Modern parents often look to the Internet and social media for parenting advice. A parent can post questions from how to manage the constant cries of an infant to how to talk to a moody teenager, and chances are, the parent will be flooded instantly with advice and relevant articles. The availability of resources has helped modern parents engage more in their children’s development, both academically and emotionally.
A modern parenting style that has emerged is helicopter parenting, where parents are much too focused on their children. They help children with tasks they’re capable of doing on their own, like selecting activities and friends for them. Such a parenting style can hold back the development of the children’s ability to handle responsibilities independently. Children might be ill-equipped with life skills such as doing laundry (洗衣), clearing their plates or coping with their schoolwork. Always protecting children from failures may also prevent them developing adaptability and acquiring skills like problem-solving.
On the other hand, parents in the past tended to monitor less. Children weren’t given more control over how to manage their schoolwork and choose their friends. They were often expected to shoulder. the responsibilities of caring for younger brothers and sisters and managing housework. Living in the pre-internet age, parents were less informed about different parenting methods, and personalities.
There is no one right way to raise a child. Each child is unique and should be raised differently by parents who are present but not wandering, who are supportive but not controlling, and who protect but not care too much.
8. What does the author explain by mentioning “an infant” and “a moody teenager” in paragraph 2?
A. Devotion to kids. B. Tricky parenting problems.
C. Effective parenting. D. Easy access to guidance.
9. What is a distinctive characteristic of helicopter parenting?
A. Flexible. B. Efficient. C. Overinvolved. D. Conventional.
10. What do we know about parents in the past?
A. They educated kids in a rigid way.
B. They afforded kids more space for self-growth.
C. They overestimated their kids’ independence.
D. They tended to stay away from social activities.
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the two parenting modes mentioned in the passage?
A. Subjective. B. Opposed.
C. Favorable. D. Objective.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着社会的变化，父母的育儿方式也发生着变化，对比了过去和现代的育儿方式。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“A parent can post questions from how to manage the constant cries of an infant to how to talk to a moody teenager, and chances are, the parent will be flooded instantly with advice and relevant articles.(父母可以发布问题，从如何管理婴儿不断的哭声到如何与喜怒无常的青少年交谈，很有可能，父母会立即被建议和相关文章淹没。)”可知，作者在第2段中提到“婴儿”和“喜怒无常的少年”，是为了解释现代父母可以通过互联网轻松获得指导。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“A modem parenting style that has emerged is helicopter parenting, where parents are much too focused on their children.(一种现代的育儿方式是“直升机式育儿”，父母把太多的注意力放在孩子身上。)”以及“They help children with tasks they’re capable of doing on their own, like selecting activities and friends for them, or calling their teachers about homework matters. (他们帮助孩子们完成他们自己能够完成的任务，比如为他们选择活动和朋友，或者打电话给他们的老师讨论作业问题。)”可知，“直升机式育儿”的方式中，在孩子的活动中，父母参与的太多。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“On the other hand, parents in the past tended to monitor less. Children were given more control over how to manage their schoolwork and choose their friends. (另一方面，过去的父母往往监督较少。孩子们在如何管理学业和选择朋友方面有了更多的控制权。)”可知，过去的父母对孩子监督较少，给予孩子更多的空间，即他们为孩子们提供了更多的自我成长的空间。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一一段中“There is no one right way to raise a child. Each child is unique and should be raised differently by parents who are present but not wandering, who are supportive but not controlling, and who protect but not care too much. (养育孩子没有唯一正确的方法。每个孩子都是独一无二的，父母应该以不同的方式抚养孩子，父母应该在身边而不是四处游荡，父母应该支持而不是控制，父母应该保护而不是过分关心。)”可知，作者对于两种育儿的方法是客观的。故选D。
D
There is a profound relationship between science fiction and science. It is often said that stories change the world what is less often heard is that stories change science, and therefore the future.
The use of science fiction to explore our world is similar to plot planning in Futures Studies, which shapes our ideas about: the future, and goes beyond predicting artifacts that once seemed impossible to us like Verne’s submarine or the satellites of 2001 Space Odyssey.
In the words of Dutch researcher Sofia Kaloterakis, “Science fiction narratives structure our imaginative models about techno-scientific projects such as robotics or space exploration". Have you ever wondered how science fiction novels have impacted the idea we have about Artificial Intelligence or how Snow Crash, Neal Stephenson’s novel, has impacted what we now call the Metaverse (元宇宙)?
Science fiction helps us define possible futures. It provides us with an understanding of the rules underlying fictional worlds. It also allows us to put technological prototypes (原型) in the context of their use by humans. But most importantly it determines the way we structure scientific thought and intervene (干预) in the future.
Alex McDowell, creator of the Minority Report, and Peter von Stackelberg explain what fictional narratives can bring to the table;
The richness of “storyworlds” — the “universes” within which stories take place — provides us with detailed rules of the context in which a larger reality unfolds that extends beyond a single story, and has the potential to provide us with deeper learning about the underlying systems that regulate those worlds.
Lastly, the relationship of future narratives to theories such as Social Constructivism has been highlighted by several scholars. A central idea of this sociological theory is that whenever we use words or other symbols to refer to objects in our world, we are constructing them. And, therefore, prediction is also a social construction. In narrating, we intervene in the world. In narrating the world, we construct it. In writing science fiction, we intervene in the science of the future.
12. What is the text mainly about?
A. The storyworlds created by science fictions.
B. Artifacts and technologies in science fictions.
C. Science fiction narratives affecting future studies.
D. The relation between science and science fictions.
13. What is the most important role of science fiction?
A. It provides us with technologies and tools.
B. It allows us to establish reasonable future.
C. It helps us learn the rules of fictional world.
D. It decides our thinking and affects the future.
14. What do we know about “storyworlds”?
A. There are general rules for a single story.
B. They have a potential context within a story.
C. There are no regulations or guiding systems.
D. They are the “universes” where stories happen.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Scholars care little about narratives about future.
B. Objects can’t be constructed by words or symbols.
C. The science of future intervenes in today’s science.
D. Science fiction narratives can construct future worlds.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了科幻小说叙事影响了未来的研究。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“There is a profound relationship between science fiction and science.”（科幻小说和科学之间有着深刻的关系）根据第二段“The use of science fiction to explore our world is similar to plot planning in Futures Studies, which shapes our ideas”（利用科幻小说来探索我们的世界，类似于《未来研究》中的情节规划，它塑造了我们对未来的看法）根据第四段“Science fiction helps us define possible futures.”（科幻小说帮助我们定义可能的未来。）根据最后一段“In writing science fiction, we intervene in the science of the future.”（在写科幻小说时，我们介入了未来的科学）可知，短文主要是关于科幻小说叙事影响了未来的研究。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“But most importantly, it determines the way we structure scientific thought and intervene (干预) in the future.”（最重要的是，它决定了我们构建科学思想和干预未来的方式。）可知，科幻小说最重要的作用是它决定我们的思维并影响未来。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The richness of “storyworlds”—the “universes” within which stories take place”（丰富的“故事世界”——故事发生的“宇宙”）可知，故事世界是指它们是故事发生在“宇宙”内。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In narrating, we intervene in the world. In narrating the world, we construct it. In writing science fiction, we intervene in the science of the future.”（在叙述中，我们介入了世界。在叙述世界时，我们构建了世界。在写科幻小说时，我们介入了未来的科学。）可推知，科幻叙事可以构建未来世界。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Efficient ways to improve your speech
Find it difficult to make a wonderful speech in public? ___16___
Use more facial expressions
One psychologist feels that our facial expression is responsible more than anything else for the impression others have of us. A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative. ___17___ People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an idea through your facial expression.
Get rid of your inner fear
___18___ The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear. The first is to admit it. Do the thing you fear and it will be the death of fear itself. Another simple aid at the last minute before you begin, is to take a few deep breaths. This will help get the butterflies in formation and also keep your voice under control.
Polish your voice
Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people. So invest in a tape recorder, practice your speech by speaking it into the microphone and then listen to it. You can even have others join in the evaluation of your strong points and your weaknesses or faults as well. Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help. ___19___
Strengthen your memory
Psychologists tell us that most individuals don’t use above ten percent of their inherent capacity for memory. How to enhance the power of memory? First, have a burning desire to remember. It’s difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so. ___20___ Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate. The next principle is repetition, we learned many things in school by repetition.
A. Step number two is concentration.
B. A frown often brings the same thing in return.
C. Here are some efficient ways to improve your speech.
D. Your emphasis, pausing, pace and even pitch can improve.
E. Reading aloud cannot necessarily help you develop a personal style.
F. The more associations you make with the brain,the easier it becomes.
G. It’s natural to have some tension when you appear before an audience.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种能够提高演讲能力的有效方法：使用更多的面部表情；摆脱内心的恐惧；改善说话的声音；加强记忆。
【16题详解】
上文“Find it difficult to make a wonderful speech in public?(觉得在公共场合发表精彩演讲很难吗？)”引出话题“演讲很难”；同时结合后文的四个小标题“Use more facial expressions(使用更多的面部表情)”、“Get rid of your inner fear(摆脱内心的恐惧)”、“Polish your voice(改善说话的声音)”和“Strengthen your memory(加强记忆)”可知，后文在讲述提高演讲的几种具体方法，故此处空格的内容应起到承上启下的作用，C选项“Here are some efficient ways to improve your speech.(以下是一些提高演讲水平的有效方法。)”符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
由第二段的小标题“Use more facial expressions(使用更多的面部表情)”、上文“A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative.(蕴含眼神的微笑非常具有交流性。)”和后文“People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an idea through your facial expression.(人们倾向于表达和你一样的表情，所以试着通过你的面部表情来表达你对某个话题或想法的感觉。)”可知，本段主要讲述面部表情在演讲中的重要性。B选项“A frown often brings the same thing in return.(皱眉往往也会带来同样的回报。)”中的“A frown”也是面部表情，并与上文的“A smile”相对应，符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
由第三段的小标题“Get rid of your inner fear(摆脱内心的恐惧)”和后文“The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear.(处理它的方法是让它为你工作，付诸行动，正如莎士比亚所说，行动可以治愈恐惧。)”可知，此段主要讲述如何摆脱内心的恐惧。G选项“It’s natural to have some tension when you appear before an audience.(当你出现在观众面前时，很自然会有一些紧张。)”中的tension就是后文中it所指代的内容，与fear表达的意思一致，放在句首用于引出后文，符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
由第四段小标题“Polish your voice(改善说话的声音)”和上文“Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people.(我们的声音是我们与人交流的主要工具。)”与“Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help.(只需大声给孩子读报纸、杂志或故事就可以了。)”可知，本段主要讲的是如何改善说话的声音，D选项“Your emphasis, pausing, pace and even pitch can improve.(你的重点、停顿、速度甚至音高都可以提高。)”承接上文，表示通过前文的给孩子大声读报纸、讲故事等方式可以提高说话的重点、停顿等，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
由第五段小标题“Strengthen your memory(加强记忆)”和上文“First, have a burning desire to remember. It’s difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so.(首先，有一种强烈的记忆欲望。如果没有记忆的欲望那回忆东西是很难的。)”可知，本段主要讲述如何加强记忆，上文中的First表示第一点，又因后文“Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate.(我们的成功很大程度上取决于我们的专注能力。)”与上文表述内容不一致，说明此处讲的是另外一点，A选项“Step number two is concentration.(第二步就是专心致志。)”承接上文，Step number two是First的顺延，同时concentration又与后文中的concentrate相对应，符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My high school life was a very fulfilling one. Apart from studying in class, I got a part-time job at a local ___21___ shop. I hoped it would be easy, and for the most part, ___22___. I imagined myself pouring coffee and becoming close friends with my customers.
But what I hadn’t ___23___ was the people with so many orders and the moments when I couldn’t seem to ___24___ anyone. There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or not enough skim milk. ___25___, I kept at it.
One day, one of my customers dropped in, ___26___. Before he left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee. He looked at me ___27___ because he had ordered nothing but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw his favorite doughnut (甜甜圈) I had ___28___ him. He smiled and thanked me before ___29___ out into the rain.
The next evening, he came. Instead of ____30____ something, he handed me a single pink rose and a note. “Thanks for being so sweet and ____31____ yesterday. It is so nice to meet someone who is warm. Please don’t ____32____ your ways because I truly believe that you will do better. Have a great day!”
As time went on, I did ____33____ some customers really particular. But whenever I felt cast down, that man and his kindness would occur to me. Then I would ____34____, hold my head up high, clear my throat and ask politely, “How can I ____35____ you?”
21. A. fashion B. coffee C. bakery D. furniture
22. A. flexible B. romantic C. back-breaking D. stress-free
23 A. expected B. detected C. grasped D. managed
24. A. recognize B. reach C. please D. convince
25. A. Moreover B. However C. Instead D. Hence
26. A. excited B. rigid C. dynamic D. depressed
27. A. questioningly B. curiously C. gratefully D. angrily
28. A. assigned B. awarded C. given D. served
29. A. coming B. heading C. storming D. sliding
30. A. ordering B. whispering C. reporting D. obtaining
31. A. outgoing B. straightforward C. thoughtful D. tolerant
32. A. continue B. keep C. improve D. change
33. A. inquire about B. come across C. knock into D. hear of
34. A. smile B. pray C. weep D. sigh
35. A. treat B. thank C. contact D. help
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在高中时在咖啡店里做兼职的经历和感悟。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在课堂上学习，我还在当地一家咖啡店找了份兼职工作。A. fashion时尚；B. coffee咖啡；C. bakery烘焙；D. furniture家具。根据下文“pouring coffee”可知，作者在一家咖啡店兼职。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望它会很简单，在很大程度上，没有压力。A. flexible灵活的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. back-breaking令人筋疲力尽的；D. stress-free没压力的。根据上文“I hoped it would be easy”可以推测，作者希望在咖啡店兼职大部分时间是轻松简单，没有压力的。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我没有预料到的是，有那么多人的订单，还有我似乎无法取悦任何人的时刻。A. expected期待、预料；B. detected侦测；C. grasped抓住；D. managed管理。根据下文“the people with so many orders and the moments”并结合上文作者希望兼职轻松简单无压力可知，作者没有预料到，咖啡店的工作也是有挑战的。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recognize识别；B. reach到达；C. please让……开心；D. convince说服。根据上文“people with so many orders”可知，顾客的要求很多，作者很难让任何人都开心。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我坚持了下来。A. Moreover此外；B. However然而；C. Instead相反；D. Hence因此。根据上文“There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or not enough skim milk.(糖总是太多，冰太少，或者脱脂牛奶不够)”及“I kept at it.”可知，尽管工作中备受挑战，作者还是坚持了下来，前后为转折关系。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的一位顾客进来了，很沮丧。A. excited感到激动的；B. rigid死板的；C. dynamic精力充沛的；D. depressed抑郁的、沮丧的。根据下一段“Thanks for being so sweet and ___11___ yesterday. It is so nice to meet someone who is warm.”可以推测，作者的这位顾客当天心情沮丧压抑。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他疑惑地看着我，因为他只点了咖啡。A. questioningly怀疑地；B. curiously好奇地；C. gratefully感激地；D. angrily生气地。根据下文“because he had ordered nothing but the coffee”可知，顾客十分疑惑因为作者多给了食物。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打开袋子，看到了我给他的他最喜欢的甜甜圈。A. assigned分派；B. awarded颁发；C. given给；D. served服务。根据上文“Before he left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee.(在他离开之前，我递给他一个袋子和他的冰咖啡)”和“He opened the bag and saw his favorite doughnut (甜甜圈)”可知，作者给了顾客一个甜甜圈。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他微笑着向我道谢，然后走到雨中去了。A. coming来；B. heading前往；C. storming突袭、攻占；D. sliding滑动。根据下文“into the rain”可知，顾客致谢后又再次前往雨中。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有点什么东西，而是递给我一朵粉红色的玫瑰和一张纸条。A. ordering点（餐）；B. whispering低语；C. reporting报道；D. obtaining获得。根据下文“he handed me a single pink rose and a note”可知，第二天，这位顾客并没有点什么饮料或者食物。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你昨天这么体贴周到。A. outgoing外向的；B. straightforward直接的；C. thoughtful考虑周到的；D. tolerant容忍的。根据上文“sweet”及上文内容可知，作者的行为是体贴周到的。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：请不要改变你的方式，因为我真的相信你会做得更好。A. continue继续；B. keep保持；C. improve改善；D. change改变。根据下文“because I truly believe that you will do better”可知，这位顾客让作者不要改变自己对别人友好的方式。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我确实遇到了一些非常挑剔的顾客。A. inquire about询问；B. come across遇见；C. knock into撞上；D. hear of听说。根据下文“some customers really particular”可知，作者确实遇到了一些非常挑剔的顾客。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会微笑着抬起头，清了清嗓子，礼貌地问：“我能帮你什么忙吗？”A. smile微笑；B. pray祈祷；C. weep哭泣；D. sigh叹气。根据下文“hold my head up high, clear my throat”可知，作者是服务员，需要微笑。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. treat对待；B. thank感谢；C. contact联系；D. help帮助。根据上文“ask politely”并结合常识可知，这里为日常交际用语，询问对方有什么需要。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷(共55分)
第二节 单词拼写(总分10分，共10题，每题1分)
根据下列句子及汉语提示或词首字母，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。
36. I don’t have much _________ (同情) for her — I think she’s brought her troubles on herself. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sympathy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我不太同情她，我认为她是自找麻烦。根据句意和汉语提示应填sympathy“同情”作宾语，不可数名词。故填sympathy。
37. She wanted to work for a bigger and more _________ (有影响力的) newspaper. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】influential
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她想去一家更大、更有影响力的报纸工作。根据汉语提示“有影响力的”是influential，and前后并列两个形容词比较级，more加形容词influential表示更有影响力的。故填influential。

38. There’s a growing _________ (认可) that our city is becoming more and more beautiful. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们越来越认识到我们的城市正变得越来越漂亮。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词recognition，可数名词，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式，作主语。故填recognition。
39. We ought to hire several public relationship _________ (顾问) to help improve our image. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】consultants
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该聘请几位公关顾问来帮助改善我们的形象。顾问为consultant，为可数名词且前面有several修饰，用复数形式作宾语。故填consultants。
40. Cheating on exams can be no longer _________ (容忍) again. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】tolerable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：考试作弊再也不能容忍了。分析句子结构，此处为主系表结构，强调说话人的态度（通常带有较为强烈的感情色彩），根据汉语提示“容忍”可知，此处为形容词tolerable，作表语。故填tolerable。
41. When you finish your essay, you’d better turn to your teacher to p_________ it, which makes it more readable. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】polish##olish
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当你写完文章后，你最好让你的老师把它润色一下，这样更容易读懂。根据句意和首字母可知，空处表示“修改”为polish ,动词不定式作目的状语。故填polish。
42. According to the report s_________ by researchers, about 23 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】submitted ##ubmitted
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：根据研究人员提交的报告，每年大约23%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的破坏造成的。根据句意和首字母可知，空处表示“提交”，对应的词为submit，且与report为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填submitted。
43. On Wednesday, a polar wind brought b_________ cold to the Midwest. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】 bitter##itter
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：周三，一股极地风给中西部带来了刺骨的寒冷。根据句意和首字母可知，空处表示“寒冷刺骨的”，对应的单词为形容词bitter，作定语。故填bitter。
44. The company will r_________ him for his years of service with a grand farewell party and several presents. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reward##eward
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：公司将以盛大的告别晚会和几件礼物来奖励他多年的服务。根据句意和首字母可知，空处表示“奖励”，对应的动词为reward，will后接动词原形，构成一般将来时。故填reward。
45. I’m sorry to d_________ you so late, but my car’s broken down and I don’t have my phone with me. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】disturb##isturb
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：很抱歉这么晚打搅你，我车坏了，手机也没带。be sorry to do sth. “对做某事感到抱歉”，根据首字母和句意提示，设空处应填“打搅”，用动词原形disturb。故填disturb。
第三节 单句语法填空(总分5分，共5小题，每题1分)
根据语境，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(有提示词的，答案不能多于3个单词;没有提示词的，答案只能填1个单词)
46. I was walking around the woods when I found a poor dog _________ (abandon) there. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】abandoned
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在树林里散步时，发现一只可怜的狗被遗弃在那里。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，dog与abandon为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填abandoned。
47. _________ (fortune), many documents, masterpieces, and personal papers with regard to these questions are preserved in time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Fortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，许多关于这些问题的文件、杰作和个人文件都及时保存了下来。此处修饰后文整句话，应用副词作状语，根据“many documents, masterpieces, and personal papers with regard to these questions are preserved in time”可知，这是很幸运的事，应用副词fortunately，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。
48. Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been trying
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从人类开始从事园艺活动以来，我们一直在努力使环境变得更美。根据时间状语从句Since the time humankind started gardening可知，主句应用现在完成时；结合句意，应用现在完成进行时，强调动作会一直持续下去。故填have been trying。
49. Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of _________ frequently threw garbage into the river. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：此前，漓江的水质因游客数量不断增加而遭受巨大影响，其中许多人频繁地将垃圾扔进江中。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰tourists，从句中作介词宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导定语从句。故填whom。
50. The purpose of basic education is _________ (develop) a fine personality in all children. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to develop
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：基础教育的目的是培养所有儿童良好的个性。分析句子结构，再结合句意可推知，此处应使用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。故填 to develop。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 假如你是李华，4月22日，第54个“世界地球日”即将来临，主题为“众生的地球(Earth for All)”。请你用英语写一封倡议书向你校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1. 发出倡议的缘由；
2. 如何保护地球；
3. 号召大家一起行动。
注意：1. 词数80词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：世界地球日：World Earth Day
Dear fellows,
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【答案】Dear fellows,
As we all know, the earth is in a bad condition. In some places, the air and water pollution is so serious that it causes many deaths. At the same time, many animals and plants are in danger because of the destruction of their habitats.
Luckily, we human beings can do a lot to improve the condition. First of all, not only should we choose public transport instead of private vehicles, but we also need to apply energy-efficient equipment. In addition, we can pick up rubbish whenever we find it. What’s more, we are supposed to call on more people to take action and make every day Earth Day. With Earth Day approaching, I firmly advocate everyone to protect the planet we live on.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以主题为“众生的地球(Earth for All)”写一封倡议书。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：First of all → Firstly
另外：What’s more → Further more
坚定地：firmly → unwaveringly
关心：care about → take care of
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Luckily, we human beings can do a lot to improve the condition.
同义句：Fortunately, there are many things that humans can do to better the situation.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, the earth is in a bad condition. (运用了As引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】First of all, not only should we choose public transport instead of private vehicles, but we also need to apply energy-efficient equipment. (运用了由not only引导的部分倒装句)
第二节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据具体内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was my birthday that day, and my grandfather gave me a gift—a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out. The only way to get the money was to break the piggy hank open. My grandfather explained that was the whole idea. And he added. “The piggy bank would help save your money so that, at the end of the year, you might have enough for that bike you dreamed about.” He asked if I would put some of the money he gave me into the piggy bank. I agreed immediately and promised sincerely, “I wouldn’t break it open until I could afford my dream bike.”
Whenever my grandfather gave me some pocket money, he would say, “This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up.” When he gave me larger amounts, it was clear for me to save the extra money in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy hank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew more excited, dreaming about buying my new bike, and all the adventures I could have on it.
Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful presents. I would imagine riding my bike on the street, and thinking of that, my thoughts about buying those things went away. So for almost three years. I had only put money into the piggy hank without taking any out. I thought I wouldn’t break my piggy hank for anything. Bat one day something unexpected happened. I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province. As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless. Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces. I was sleepless that night. Staring at my piggy bank. I was thinking about what I could do with it.
注意：
1．续写词数应为50左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next morning. I took out my piggy bank and shook it.
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Hearing the noise. my grandfather came over.
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【答案】参考范文：
The next morning, I took out my piggy bank and shook it. “There should be a lot of money in it. This is years of my savings,” I said to myself. I was about to break it and withdraw money when my mina came back to the bike I wanted to buy, and I hesitated. However, thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake, I grabbed the piggy bank and threw it to the ground. Suddenly, the piggy bank broke into pieces and the coins rolled all over the floor.
Hearing the noise, my grandfather came over. I explained to him what had happened. Having known my thought, he fondly touched my head and said, “Good boy, you did the right thing. Grandpa is proud of you.” He continued, “My dear grandson, you deserve that bicycle. As a bonus, let’s buy that bike together now.” “Thank you, Grandpa,” I was overwhelmed with happiness. From that day on, you would always see me riding my bike on the street, leaving my hearty laughter behind.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了爷爷送作者一个存钱罐，作者努力存钱，想要买自己心仪的自行车。当看到临近省份发生了地震的电视新闻后，作者决定把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，我拿出我的存钱罐，摇了摇。”可知，第一段可描写作者的最终决定，打破存钱罐，把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们。
②由第二段首句内容“听到噪音，我爷爷走了过来。”可知，第二段可描写了解了事情的经过后，爷爷的反应。
2.续写线索：犹豫——决定——解释——支持——奖励
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回来：come back to/return to
②.犹豫：hesitate/ hang back
情绪类
①.以……为骄傲：be proud of/take pride in
②.幸福：happiness/blessedness
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I was about to break it and withdraw money when my mina came back to the bike I wanted to buy, and I hesitated.（运用了be about to do when句型以及省略关系代词that的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. From that day on, you would always see me riding my bike on the street, leaving my hearty laughter behind.（运用了现在分词作状语）