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山东省青岛市2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山东省青岛市2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析），共22页。
2023年高三年级第三次适应性检测
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’re moving across the country or across the world, it’s important to choose a moving company that’s the right fit for your exact needs or budget. Read about the top packing and moving companies with our guide covering pros and cons, offerings, and customer reviews.
With over 90 years of experience, the moving company has finished over 750,000 moves in different states in the U.S. in the last 15 years alone.
Pros and Cons
✔ Available for local, long-distance and international moves
✔ Great customer service
✘ Discount information is not readily available
AVL focuses on providing highly experienced and skillful movers to your packing services. The moving company provides its services in every state.
Pros and Cons
✔ Highly skilled movers with an average of 10 years of experience
✔ Promises to match or beat the price if the same service is found at a lower cost
✘ An up-front deposit is required
✘ Limited pricing information online
IVL provides its packing and moving services for both local and long-distance moves in all 50 states, as well as 180 countries. And the company allows you to have control over your packing experience.
Pros and Cons
✔ Specialty services for difficult items such as artwork, antiques and pianos
✔ Protection plans with an adjustable coverage cap
✘ Customer reviews mention the difficulty in communication at times
This full-service moving company has more than 80 years of moving experience and a network of more than 500 locations nationwide.
Pros and Cons
✔ Online shipment tracking
✔ Moving containers available for interstate moves
✘ Service and experience may vary by agent
✘ No instant online quotes
1. Which of the following companies rates highest?
A. Allied. B. American Van Lines.
C. International Van Lines. D. North American Moving Services.
2. What is the advantage of American Van Lines?
A. It gives pricing information online.
B. It is experienced in packing expensive items.
C. It has moving containers for interstate moves.
D. It guarantees the lowest price of the same service.
3. What do the four companies have in common according to the text?
A. They feature highly skilled movers.
B. They have over 80 years of experience.
C. They can provide moving services nationwide.
D. They can offer services for customized packing.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家顶级的包装和搬家公司，包括其服务、优缺点和评分等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据四张图片中Allied的评分4.7/5、American Van Lines的评分4.5/5、International Van Lines的评分4.8/5、North American Moving Services的评分4.6/5可知，International Van Lines公司的评分最高。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据American Van Lines的Pros and Cons部分中“Promises to match or beat the price if the same service is found at a lower cost”（承诺如果以更低的成本找到相同的服务，就会提供相同或更低的价格）可知，American Van Lines的优势在于保证了相同服务的最低价格。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Allied部分中“With over 90 years of experience, the moving company has finished over 750,000 moves in different states in the U.S. in the last 15 years alone.”（凭借超过90年的经验，这家搬家公司仅在过去的15年里就在美国的不同州完成了超过75万次搬家。）、American Van Lines部分中“The moving company provides its services in every state.”（这家搬家公司在每个州都提供服务。）、International Van Lines部分中“IVL provides its packing and moving services for both local and long-distance moves in all 50 states, as well as 180 countries.”（IVL为所有50个州以及180个国家的本地和长途移动提供包装和搬家服务。）、North American Moving Services部分中“This full-service moving company has more than 80 years of moving experience and a network of more than 500 locations nationwide.”（这家全方位服务的搬家公司拥有80多年的搬家经验和遍布全国500多个地点的网络。）可知，四家公司的共同点是可以提供全国范围内的搬家服务。故选C项。
B
In 2014, Mahoney performed an act of kindness as part of a Facebook challenge. She picked a 79-year-old senior named Wagner, who regularly gave back to the community. Mahoney wanted to know Wagner better, so they spent a day together, picking up groceries and getting their nails done. “It was the first time in years that someone had made a day about her,” says Mahoney.
Their shared experience got Mahoney thinking. How many other seniors might benefit from dedicated attention? She came up with a plan: find local seniors with long-time dreams and work to fulfill their wishes. She named the new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for short.
Seniors can nominate (提名) themselves or be nominated by someone else; wishes are then assessed by a community committee that looks at factors such as age-related physical barriers, social isolation and financial need.
Melanie nominated her husband, 78-year-old Victor, to go rockhounding, a hobby he’d given up when it became too physically difficult to access the bay where he hunted for geodes (晶洞). The team at WAY hired a boat for him and his son so they could reach the bay and search out geodes on the beach. “Now, Victor has regained his self-confidence and is willing to take on new challenges. We want to show that anything is possible with the support of others,” says Mahoney.
Up to now, WAY has delivered on 41 dreams, ranging from a helicopter trip over a childhood blueberry-picking spot to travelling to Toronto to watch a Blue Jays game. While her charity operates only in Nova Scotia, Mahoney has her own dream. Each WAY wish is recorded on video, and she wants people watching to be inspired to fulfill a wish for a senior in their own community. “We want to create a national movement that shifts how we as a society view, value and support seniors,” says Mahoney. “That is the impact we’re trying to create.”
4. Why did Mahoney set up WAY?
A. To complete a Facebook challenge. B. To give back to local communities.
C. To do daily chores for the elderly. D. To help seniors realize their goals.
5. How has WAY affected Victor?
A. He has made more friends. B. He has started a new hobby.
C. He has become high-spirited. D. He has regained his son’s support.
6. What does Mahoney intend to do by recording videos?
A. Rise to fame and fortune overnight.
B. Keep memories alive for the elderly.
C. Positively change our attitude towards the elderly.
D. Improve interpersonal relationship in the community.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Lifelong dreams. B. A charity for seniors.
C. Problems seniors meet. D. An unforgettable experience.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Mahoney成立慈善组织WAY，来帮助老年人实现愿望。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She came up with a plan: find local seniors with long-time dreams and work to fulfill their wishes. She named the new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for short.(她想出了一个计划：找到当地有长期梦想的老年人，并努力实现他们的愿望。她将这个新慈善机构命名为We Are Young，简称WAY)”可知，Mahoney成立WAY是为了帮助老年人实现他们的愿望。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Now, Victor has regained his self-confidence and is willing to take on new challenges.(现在，Victor已经重拾自信，愿意接受新的挑战)”可知，WAY让Victor变得意气风发了。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Each WAY wish is recorded on video, and she wants people watching to be inspired to fulfill a wish for a senior in their own community.(每一种方式的愿望都被录成视频，她希望观看视频的人能受到鼓舞，为自己社区的老年人实现一个愿望)”可知，Mahoney录制视频的目的是积极改变我们对老年人的态度。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Their shared experience got Mahoney thinking. How many other seniors might benefit from dedicated attention? She came up with a plan: find local seniors with long-time dreams and work to fulfill their wishes. She named the new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for short.(他们共同的经历引起了Mahoney的思考。有多少老年人可能从专注的关注中受益？她想出了一个计划：找到当地有长期梦想的老年人，并努力实现他们的愿望。她将这个新慈善机构命名为We Are Young，简称WAY)”结合文章主要介绍了Mahoney成立WAY，来帮助老年人实现愿望。可知，这篇文章主要是介绍一个致力于帮助老年人的慈善机构。故选B。
C
By 2050, 68% of the global population will live in cities. That’s 2.5 billion more people than today. In Europe, three out of four of us already live in urban areas, and the consequences of that are becoming clear. Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution. As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in.
Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect, which refers to heat trapped in built-up areas. The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by people, transport and industry is trapped in the narrow roads and concrete structures, unable to escape to the atmosphere. This can bring the temperature in urban areas up 3 — 4°C higher than the surrounding countryside, and with that comes a severe cycle. Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand for cooling. This expands our energy consumption, which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption, increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets.
Planning cities to include green spaces wherever possible is the first step in making our urban areas healthier. For example, adding a layer of vegetation to rooftops and creating green roofs has proven to reduce the urban heat island effect. Trees in our streets also play their part, and a variety of tree species can have a profound effect. Simply having access to green spaces in cities can do wonders for our stress levels and concentration at work. “People need to interact with nature whenever the opportunity arises. Something as simple as a five-to-ten-minute break during the workday can improve well-being and boost productivity,” Cecil, an expert studying nature in cities says.
8. How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1?
A. By presenting facts. B. By listing examples.
C. By comparing numbers. D. By questioning an estimate.
9. What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Overcome. B. Change. C. Ease. D. Shift.
10. What might be a consequence of the urban heat island effect?
A. Lower temperature. B. Energy regeneration.
C. Fuel shortage. D. Air pollution.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Let Nature Back In
B. Why We Need Green Spaces in Cities
C. Heat Effect: An Unavoidable Urban Trouble
D. Green Roofs: Tiny Urban Forests
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着城市人口的急剧增加，城市的空气污染问题日益严重，因此有必要在城市中让自然回归，以改善城市的健康水平。同时，让自然回归可以提升居住者的幸福感和工作效率。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“By 2050, 68% of the global population will live in cities. That’s 2.5 billion more people than today. In Europe, three out of four of us already live in urban areas, and the consequences of that are becoming clear. Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution.（到2050年，全球68%的人口将居住在城市。这比现在多了25亿人。在欧洲，我们四分之三的人口已经生活在城市地区，其后果正变得越来越明显。研究人员估计，每年有900万人直接死于空气污染。）”可知，作者先呈现了城市人口大幅增长，直接死于空气污染的人数量巨大的事实，然后引入了文章的话题。由此可知，作者通过展现事实的方式引入话题。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句“As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in.（随着我们城市的发展，越来越多的人进入已经拥挤的空间，我们需要做些什么来将我们的城市地区转变为健康的居住地？越来越多的研究告诉我们，我们应该让大自然回归。）”和第二段第一句“Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect, which refers to heat trapped in built-up areas.（城市中的绿地可以……污染的影响，并可以减少被称为城市热岛效应的现象，热岛效应指的是在建成区滞留的热量。）”可知，在城市中让自然回归有助于改善城市的健康，因此城市中的绿地应该是可以缓解污染和城市热岛效应。由此可知，mitigate意为“缓解，减轻”，与ease意思一致。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This expands our energy consumption, which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption, increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets.（这扩大了我们的能源消耗，反过来又增加了化石燃料的消耗，增加了空气中的污染物和街道上的有害烟雾。）”可知，城市热岛效应会形成恶性循环，加重城市的空气污染。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第一段的“ As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in.(随着我们城市的发展，越来越多的人进入已经拥挤的空间，我们需要做些什么来将我们的城市地区转变为健康的居住地?越来越多的研究告诉我们，我们应该让大自然回归。)”可知，文章介绍了随着城市人口的急剧增加，城市的空气污染问题日益严重，因此有必要在城市中让自然回归，以改善城市的健康水平。同时，让自然回归可以提升居住者的幸福感和工作效率。因此，文章主要介绍的是在城市中引入自然的好处，B项“我们为什么需要城市绿地”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。
D
For much of human history, ethical (道德的) behavior has been guided by the Golden Rule: do to others as you would have them do to you. But the rule is imperfect. What you want in a given situation may not be what another person desires at all.
In the medical field, making or influencing choices for others can make all the difference. Such choices impact people’s quality of life and even their chances of survival. As health care becomes more individualized, the time seems right for a new ethical guideline—the “platinum (白金) rule” proposed by professor Harvey Max Chochinov: do to others as they would want done to themselves.
Chochinov describes this principle in his essay published last year. He begins with a story about a health crisis affecting his sister Ellen, who was severely disabled. The care doctor, after seeing her twisted (扭曲的) body, was weighing whether to insert a breathing tube when he asked Chochinov a strange question: Did Ellen read magazines? “The question was frightening.” Chochinov writes, “this was not an attempt to get to know Ellen … but rather a way to decide if hers was a life worth saving.” Ellen read widely and enjoyed many simple pleasures of life, but the gap between her life as a person who uses a wheelchair and the doctor’s sense of what he would want in her situation was too vast to be bridged by the Golden Rule. “That’s when judging from where you stand what another might need or want begins to break down,” Chochinov explained.
Time is a limited resource in the health-care system, and there’s no denying that getting to know a patient as an individual means investing additional minutes or hours. Still, Chochinov believes such investment is cost-effective. There are benefits for doctors as well. “When they emotionally connect to their patients, they do a better job.”
In certain cases, doctors may find it hard to apply the platinum rule. But there is value in the effort: at the very least, their trying to work through it will ensure that they have sufficient modesty about the wisdom of their choices.
12. Why is the platinum rule introduced to the medical field?
A. To strengthen ethical behavior in treatment.
B. To help doctors acquire accurate information.
C. To increase chances of survival for patients.
D. To make person-centered care accessible to patients.
13. What can we learn from Ellen’s story?
A. A health crisis caused her disability.
B. The doctor was curious about her hobby.
C. The doctor gave little thought to her needs.
D. Her brother sang high praises for the treatment.
14. Which statement might Chochinov agree with?
A. Health care system needs investing.
B. Time put into knowing a patient is rewarding.
C. Trust between doctors and patients is important.
D. Emotional connection to patients brings job burnout.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the platinum rule?
A. Objective. B. Favorable. C. Careful. D. Unclear.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了医学领域实施的“白金法则”，作者认为实施这种法则的努力是有价值的，可以确保医生们努力解决问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“As health care becomes more individualized, the time seems right for a new ethical guideline—the “platinum (白金) rule” proposed by professor Harvey Max Chochinov: do to others as they would want done to themselves.(随着医疗保健变得更加个性化，似乎是时候制定一项新的道德准则了——哈维·马克斯·乔契诺夫教授提出的“白金法则”：己所不欲，勿施于人)”可知，将“白金法则”引入医学领域是为了使病人能够获得以人为本的护理。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“The care doctor, after seeing her twisted (扭曲的) body, was weighing whether to insert a breathing tube when he asked Chochinov a strange question: Did Ellen read magazines? “The question was frightening.” Chochinov writes, “this was not an attempt to get to know Ellen … but rather a way to decide if hers was a life worth saving.” Ellen read widely and enjoyed many simple pleasures of life, but the gap between her life as a person who uses a wheelchair and the doctor’s sense of what he would want in her situation was too vast to be bridged by the Golden Rule. “That’s when judging from where you stand what another might need or want begins to break down,” Chochinov explained.(护理医生在看到她扭曲的身体后，正在考虑是否要插入呼吸管，这时他问了乔奇诺夫一个奇怪的问题：艾伦看杂志吗?“这个问题很可怕。”乔奇诺夫写道：“这不是为了了解艾伦，而是为了判断她的生命是否值得拯救。”艾伦博览群书，享受生活中许多简单的乐趣，但她作为一个轮椅使用者的生活与医生对她的情况的理解之间的差距太大，无法用黄金法则来弥合。乔奇诺夫解释说:“这时，从你的立场来判断别人可能需要或想要什么就开始失效了。”)”可知，从艾伦的故事我们可以知道医生很少考虑到她的需要。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“Time is a limited resource in the health-care system, and there’s no denying that getting to know a patient as an individual means investing additional minutes or hours. Still, Chochinov believes such investment is cost-effective. There are benefits for doctors as well. “When they emotionally connect to their patients, they do a better job.”(在医疗保健系统中，时间是一种有限的资源，不可否认，要了解一个病人的个人情况意味着要投入额外的时间或时间。不过，乔奇诺夫认为这样的投资是划算的。这对医生也有好处。“当他们在情感上与病人建立联系时，他们会做得更好。”)”可推断，乔奇诺夫认为花时间了解病人是值得的。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In certain cases, doctors may find it hard to apply the platinum rule. But there is value in the effort: at the very least, their trying to work through it will ensure that they have sufficient modesty about the wisdom of their choices.( 在某些情况下，医生可能会发现很难应用“白金法则”。但这种努力是有价值的：至少，他们努力完成这项工作将确保他们对自己的选择是否明智有足够的谦逊)”可知，作者认为“白金法则”虽然难以应用，但是努力是值得的，因为医生努力解决问题将确保他们对自己选择的智慧有足够的谦虚。因此推断作者支持“白金法则”。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being a teenager is hard. ____16____ And parents don’t always know how to be supportive. Clinical psychologist Lisa Damour says instead of jumping into problem-solving mode, parents can learn to ride the wave of emotional management with their teens. Here are some of her suggestions.
____17____ One of the best gifts you can give them is to be a steady presence and lead with curiosity and empathy (共情). When a teen is experiencing low self-esteem, Damour says comforting doesn’t work nearly as well as we would like. ____18____ Try saying, “You know that’s not true, but it must feel awful to feel that way.”
Talking about emotions is good, but there can be a tipping point when talking too much about feelings. In this situation, Damour suggests comforting and then shifting a teen who’s over-processing their emotions into something else. ____19____
For the teen who doesn’t talk about their feelings, Damour reminds parents that there are healthy non-verbal ways to process emotions. Listening to music, playing sports and making art are healthy ways for teens to work through emotions that don’t involve having a discussion.
____20____ But Damour notes that when a teen is too sensitive to some negative feelings and they’re using destructive behaviors to cope, it’s time to step in and give more support or seek professional help.
A. They are much more dependent on themselves.
B. Another way to help a teen is to turn to professionals.
C. Instead, she suggests empathizing with how the teen feels.
D. Every day holds the possibility of emotional highs and lows.
E. Remember that your teens are at a demanding developmental stage.
F. You can suggest doing an activity they enjoy and revisit the issue the next day.
G. Your teens deserve encouraging when their emotions are handled in a healthy way.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何应对青少年的情绪问题提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Being a teenager is hard.(做一个青少年是很难的)”可知，本句承接上文说明做青少年困难之处在哪里。故D选项“每天都有情绪起伏的可能”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据后文“One of the best gifts you can give them is to be a steady presence and lead with curiosity and empathy (共情).(你能给他们的最好礼物之一就是保持稳定的存在感，用好奇心和共情来引导他们)”可知，后文提到了给青少年最好的礼物是保持稳定的存在感，可知本句是在说明这么做的原因。故E选项“记住，你的青少年正处于一个要求很高的发展阶段”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“When a teen is experiencing low self-esteem, Damour says comforting doesn’t work nearly as well as we would like.( Damour说，当一个青少年经历低自尊时，安慰并不像我们希望的那样有效)”可知，上文提到安慰并不像我们希望的那样有效，故本句是在说明正确的做法。故C选项“相反，她建议对青少年的感受感同身受”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Talking about emotions is good, but there can be a tipping point when talking too much about feelings. In this situation, Damour suggests comforting and then shifting a teen who’s over-processing their emotions into something else.(谈论情绪是好的，但是过多地谈论感觉可能会有一个临界点。在这种情况下，达穆尔建议安慰那些过度处理情绪的青少年，然后把他们转移到其他事情上)”可知，本句承接上文说明如何转移青少年的注意力。故F选项“你可以建议做一项他们喜欢的活动，第二天再讨论这个问题”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据后文“But Damour notes that when a teen is too sensitive to some negative feelings and they’re using destructive behaviors to cope, it’s time to step in and give more support or seek professional help.(但达穆尔指出，当青少年对某些负面情绪过于敏感，并使用破坏性行为来应对时，是时候介入，给予更多支持或寻求专业帮助了)”可知，后文提到了青少年对某些负面情绪过于敏感时，需要介入，说明本句主要是在说明青少年处理情绪的方式。故G选项“当你的孩子以健康的方式处理他们的情绪时，他们应该得到鼓励”符合语境，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There are good dogs, and then there’s Clover. This past March, Clover was out for her daily ____21____ with her owner, Haley Moore, when, as the two were about to cross the street, Moore had a seizure (疾病发作) and ____22____.
While untrained for the situation, Clover nevertheless switched into ____23____ mode. First, she walked in a circle, _____24_____ to work out the situation; next, she turned over Moore onto her back and ____25____ the leash (狗绳). Then, Clover tried to make the situation ____26____ in her own way. “This dog doesn’t like cars,” says Haley’s mother. “But there she was, trying to make eye contact with people driving by. She moved right into the centre of the road.”
Dryden, a truck driver, ____27____ the dog, parked his vehicle and rushed to Moore; he ____28____ called an ambulance. Clover then started to return to their nearby home, looking back often to ____29____ Haley was in good hands. Once she was at her door, Clover started ______30______ and wouldn’t stop until Haley’s father followed her to the ______31______.
“All I remember is waking up in an ambulance,” says Haley. “It was scary! Thank God for Clover.” Haley doesn’t know what caused the seizure, but ______32______, it has not happened again. “As an animal ______33______, I’ve always sensed that animals are just as ______34______ as humans,” says Haley. “We feel very ______35______ to have her in our lives.”
21. A. training B. walk C. exercise D. check
22. A. left B. shouted C. collapsed D. stopped
23. A. protection B. attack C. panic D. recovery
24. A. attempting B. regretting C. learning D. continuing
25. A. kept B. controlled C. tied D. freed
26. A. tricky B. unexpected C. noticeable D. understandable
27. A. spotted B. missed C. reached D. hit
28. A. constantly B. definitely C. eventually D. instantly
29. A. remind B. discover C. ensure D. promise
30. A. playing B. barking C. pounding D. running
31. A. scene B. hospital C. park D. playground
32. A. temporarily B. truthfully C. thoroughly D. thankfully
33. A. doctor B. lover C. saver D. photographer
34. A. lively B. easy-going C. well-behaved D. extraordinary
35. A. lost B. blessed C. amused D. dynamic
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小狗Clover救她主人故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年三月，Moore带着小狗Clover去散步，当他们正要过马路时，Moore突发疾病，昏厥了过去。A. training培训；B. walk散步，遛狗；C. exercise锻炼；D. check检查。根据后文“as the two were about to cross the street”可知，此处指Moore带着小狗Clover去散步，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. left离开；B. shouted喊叫；C. collapsed昏厥，崩溃；D. stopped停止。根据后文“First, she walked in a circle,_____4_____ to work out the situation; next, she turned over Moore onto her back and____5____ the leash (狗绳).”可知，此处指主人Moore昏厥了过去，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管未培训过，但Clover立刻就转成了保护模式。A. protection保护；B. attack攻击；C. panic恐慌；D. recovery恢复，痊愈。根据后文“First, she walked in a circle,_____4_____ to work out the situation; next, she turned over Moore onto her back and____5____ the leash (狗绳).”可知，此处指主人晕厥过去后，就开始想办法保护Moore，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，Clover围绕着Moore走了一圈，想要弄清楚是什么情况。A. attempting企图；B. regretting后悔，悔恨；C. learning知道，了解；D. continuing继续。根据空后“to work out the situation”可知，此处指Clover想要，企图弄清楚这种情况，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她尽力把Moore翻过来，正躺着，然后松开了狗绳。A. kept保持，保存；B. controlled控制；C. tied系；D. freed松开。根据前文“Clover was out for her daily____1____ with her owner, Haley Moore”可知，Moore带Clover出去遛狗，故此处指松开狗绳，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Clover用自己方式，尽量让这种情况被发现。A. tricky诡计多端的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. noticeable注意到的；D. understandable可理解的。根据后文“But there she was, trying to make eye contact with people driving by. She moved right into the centre of the road.”可知，此处指Clover努力让其他人注意到Moore晕倒了，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个卡车司机Dryden注意到了这条狗，停下车后，跑向Moore。A. spotted看到，注意到；B. missed错过；C. reached达到；D. hit撞击。根据后文“parked his vehicle and rushed to Moore”可知，此处指卡车司机看到了，注意到了Clover，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他马上叫了救护车。A. constantly不断地；B. definitely绝对地；C. eventually最终；D. instantly立刻，马上。根据前文“rushed to Moore;”可知，此时情况和紧急，故此处指立刻、马上就呼叫了救护车，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Clover开始往家跑，不停地回头看，以确保Haley遇到了可靠的人。A. remind提醒；B. discover发现；C. ensure确保；D. promise承诺。根据空后“Haley was in good hands”可知，此处指Clover不时地回头看，确保Haley遇到了可靠的人，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一到达门口，就开始吠叫，直到Haley的父亲跟着她来到现场。A. playing玩耍；B. barking吠叫；C. pounding连续重击，猛打；D. running跑。根据空后“wouldn’t stop until Haley’s father followed her to the ____11____.”可知，此处指Clover一跑道家门口，就开始吠叫，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. scene场景，风景；B. hospital医院；C. park公园；D. playground操场。根据前文“Moore had a seizure (疾病发作) and____2____.”可知，此处指Clover通过吠叫的方式把的Moore父亲带到了Moore昏厥的事故现场，on the scene“在现场”，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Haley不知道是什么引起的疾病发作，不过，谢天谢地，它没再发作过了。A. temporarily暂时地；B. truthfully真正地，真实地；C. thoroughly完全地；D. thankfully谢天谢地，感谢地。根据空前的转折“but”可知，此处指尽管她不知道是什么引起的疾病发作，不过谢天谢地，再也发生类似的情况的，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名动物爱好者，我总能感觉到，动物和人类一样优秀。A. doctor医生；B. lover爱好者；C. saver营救人员；D. photographers拍摄者。根据前文“Clover was out for her daily____1____ with her owner, Haley Moore”可知，Haley每天都会带狗出去散步，因此她是一名动物爱好者，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lively有活力的；B. easy-going随和的；C. well-behaved守规矩的；D. extraordinary非凡的，优秀的。根据前文对Clover在主人Haley昏厥后，想办法找人帮忙营救Haley的描写，说明狗和人类一样聪明，一样优秀，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能拥有Clover，我们感觉很荣幸。A. lost失落的；B. blessed荣幸的，被祝福的；C. amused好笑的；D. dynamic有活力的。根据前文““It was scary! Thank God for Clover.””可知，此处指Haley觉得能拥有Clover，她们很荣幸，很幸运，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Colors are important to Chinese culture. The three main colors _____36_____(consider) lucky in people’s daily lives as well as on special occasions are red, yellow, and green.
Famously popular in relation to anything Chinese, red is the national color representing happiness, good luck, success and good fortune, which is _____37_____(wide) used during festivals and important events like weddings. Red lanterns decorate _____38_____(business) and residences. Double rows of red “Xi” letters are pasted on gates and doors.
Yellow — corresponding to earth — symbolized royalty in ancient China _____39_____ was reserved for the emperor. The first Emperor of China was known as the Yellow Emperor. China was often referred to as “Yellow Earth”, and _____40_____(it) mother river is the Yellow River. Looking down at the Forbidden City from Beijing Jing Mountain, one can see a sea _____41_____ yellow-glazed tile roofs.
Green is the color of wealth, hope and growth, commonly believed to represent purity and cleanness. Many buildings _____42_____(paint) in green nowadays, as is often the case with banks, post offices and some restaurants. ______43______(package) milk or produce in green is to indicate that the product is pollution-free.
The color legacy (遗产) that our ancestor left us can be seen in society today. What’s more, some TV dramas over the past few years _____44_____(present) traditional Chinese colors in costumes and architecture, ______45______ excites people’s interest in more ancient colors.
【答案】36. considered
37. widely 38. businesses
39. and 40. its
41. of 42. are painted
43. Packaging
44. have presented##have been presenting
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国文化中被认为是幸运三种主要颜色：红、黄、绿。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在人们的日常生活和特殊场合，被认为是幸运的三种主要颜色是红、黄、绿。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，作colors的后置定语，consider和逻辑主语colors之间是被动关系，应用consider的过去分词形式considered。故填considered。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：众所周知，红色与一切中国事物相关，它是代表幸福、好运、成功和好运的民族颜色，在节日和婚礼等重要活动中被广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处修饰从句中的谓语动词used，应用wide的副词形式widely，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：红灯笼装饰着商店和住宅。分析句子可知，空处和residences并列，作decorate的宾语，此处business表示“商业机构，商店”，是可数名词，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填businesses。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：黄色——与土地相对应——在中国古代象征着王权，是皇帝专用的。分析句子可知，此处需用连词连接两个谓语symbolized…和was reserved…，空处应用连词and。故填and。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国常被称为“黄土地”，它的母亲河是黄河。分析句子可知，空处是修饰mother river的定语，应用形容词性物主代词its，意为“它的”。故填its。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：从北京景山往下看紫禁城，可以看到一大片黄色琉璃瓦。根据“a sea”可知，此处用固定短语a sea of…，意为“大量的……”，空处应用介词of。故填of。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：现在许多建筑物都漆成了绿色，就像银行、邮局和一些餐馆一样。分析句子可知，空处做句子的谓语，时间状语为nowadays，时态用一般现在时，paint和主语Many buildings之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are painted。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用绿色包装牛奶或农产品是为了表明该产品是无污染的。分析句子可知，空处和milk or produce in green构成句子的主语，是非谓语动词，表示“用绿色包装牛奶或农产品”，应用package的动名词形式packaging，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Packaging。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，过去几年的一些电视剧在服装和建筑中呈现了中国传统色彩，这激发了人们对更古老色彩的兴趣。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合over the past few years可知，此处表示动作从过去开始发生，可以用现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响，也可以用现在完成进行时表示动作会继续进行下去，主语some TV dramas为复数，助动词用have。故填have presented或have been presenting。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此外，过去几年的一些电视剧在服装和建筑中呈现了中国传统色彩，这激发了人们对更古老色彩的兴趣。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，得知当地民俗博物馆正在招聘英文志愿者，你很感兴趣。请写一封申请信，
内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear sir,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to apply for a volunteer position for Folk Museum this summer.
I am enthusiastic about various types of Chinese traditional folk customs. It’s my dream to spend a whole summer vacation in a museum, appreciating the treasure of traditional art, and the history of Chinese folk customs. Besides, I am outgoing, responsible and have a good command of communication, which will help me to introduce the beautiful history to the customers. With a willing heart to help, I can surely do my duty.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给当地民俗博物馆写一封信，申请成为该馆的英文志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
职位：position→post
帮助：help→assist
考虑：consider→take...into consideration
回复：reply→answer
2.句型拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：Besides, I am outgoing, responsible and have a good command of communication.
拓展句：Besides, not only am I outgoing and responsible, but also I have a good command of communication.
【点睛】[高分句型1]It’s my dream to spend a whole summer vacation in a museum, appreciating the treasure of traditional art, and the history of Chinese folk customs.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] I would appreciate it if you could consider my application.（运用了固定句型I would appreciate it if...）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I used to be the only child in the family. Everything changed when Tex was born, and I was ten at that time. It seemed to me that Tex got too much attention from Mom and Dad, and I constantly felt a sense of depression. However, my little six-year-old brother had no idea about that, sticking with me all day long, which sometimes really annoyed me.
Last week I was creating a birthday book for Dad. I worked forever making each picture as perfect as possible. Every time I messed up, I started all over again, so the floor under the kitchen table was covered with half-finished drawings.
“It’s family chore time,” Mom announced. “And you’re on laundry-folding duty,” she told me.
“OK,” I said. “After that, I’ll just put the finishing touches on Dad’s present.”
“I can help, too!” said my little brother, Tex.
I felt a little uncomfortable. But Mom touched his head gently and said, “Of course, baby, you can.” Then she turned to me, “And, Anna, please always remember to move those papers from the floor to the recycling bin in the yard when you’re done with your project.”
I folded the laundry as fast as possible. Just as I was about to get back to the birthday book, my friend showed up. After checking with Mom, we headed to the park. But as soon as we arrived there, the sky filled with giant gray clouds and rain started pouring down. I was upset as I headed back home, dripping wet. That’s when my heart pretty much stopped. Right there, in front of the recycling bin, was a box full of wet-through papers. And not just any papers ... I ran to rescue my birthday book drawings. But it was too late. As I picked up my once-perfect pictures, they were totally ruined!
I cried “Tex, how did they get out here in the rain?”
Nervously, he came out and said, “Sorry, but I meant to help. I heard what Mom said, and I did it for you. But I had no idea why your birthday book was in those papers.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Needless to say, I was going to explode.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We two decided to make one big present for Dad.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Needless to say, I was going to explode. I couldn't help but feel frustrated when all my hard work on the birthday book was ruined in a matter of seconds. But as I looked at Tex’s innocent face, I realized that he didn't mean any harm. I apologized to him for getting angry and explained why those papers were important to me. Tex smiled and suggested that we do something together for Dad's birthday.
We two decided to make one big present for Dad. We began to prepare and discussed how we could make Dad feel surprised and touched. Tex was really creative and came up with some unique ideas that surprised me. Working with him made the process much more enjoyable. We gathered suitable materials and started to create the gift. Throughout the process, I was happy that Tex and I could work together and complete the special present. In the end, Dad really appreciated the thought and effort we put into his present. I learned that working together as a family can create some of the best memories.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从独子变成了有弟弟后的心路历程。她一直认为父母给弟弟太多关注，这种情况让她感到很沮丧。有一天，她正在为父亲制作生日书，弟弟提出要帮忙，但因为弟弟以前有时候会让她感到烦恼，所以她有点不确定要不要让他帮忙。后来当她去跟朋友玩时，天突然下起了大雨。当她回家时，发现一个盒子里装满了淋湿的纸张，把她原本完美的生日书搞糟了。她问弟弟为什么要把纸张放到下雨的地方，弟弟道歉说是为了帮她，但不知道生日书的重要性。这个故事展现了两个孩子如何一起为父亲制作一份特别的生日礼物，并且教会了女孩欣赏她的弟弟的善良和创造力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不用说，我快要爆炸了。”可知，第一段可描写作者很生气，但是发现弟弟并不是有意的，道歉后决定一起给父亲制作了生日礼物。
②由第二段首句内容“我们两个决定给爸爸做一份大礼物”可知，第二段可描写作者和弟弟一起制作的过程，发现弟弟很有创意，最终礼物得到了父亲的称赞及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：生气——道歉——做礼物——惊讶——收集材料——感激——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①沮丧：frustrated/depressed/upset
②意识到：realized/aware/noticed
③收集：gathered/collected/clustered
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astonished/amazed
②生气：angry/mad/annoyed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I discovered that Tex was really creative and came up with some unique ideas that surprised me.(运用了由that引导的宾语从句和定语从句)
[高分句型2]. But as I looked at Tex’s innocent face, I realized that he didn't mean any harm.(运用了as引导状语从句和that引导的宾语从句)
2023年高三年级第三次适应性检测
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’re moving across the country or across the world, it’s important to choose a moving company that’s the right fit for your exact needs or budget. Read about the top packing and moving companies with our guide covering pros and cons, offerings, and customer reviews.
With over 90 years of experience, the moving company has finished over 750,000 moves in different states in the U.S. in the last 15 years alone.
Pros and Cons
✔ Available for local, long-distance and international moves
✔ Great customer service
✘ Discount information is not readily available
AVL focuses on providing highly experienced and skillful movers to your packing services. The moving company provides its services in every state.
Pros and Cons
✔ Highly skilled movers with an average of 10 years of experience
✔ Promises to match or beat the price if the same service is found at a lower cost
✘ An up-front deposit is required
✘ Limited pricing information online
IVL provides its packing and moving services for both local and long-distance moves in all 50 states, as well as 180 countries. And the company allows you to have control over your packing experience.
Pros and Cons
✔ Specialty services for difficult items such as artwork, antiques and pianos
✔ Protection plans with an adjustable coverage cap
✘ Customer reviews mention the difficulty in communication at times
This full-service moving company has more than 80 years of moving experience and a network of more than 500 locations nationwide.
Pros and Cons
✔ Online shipment tracking
✔ Moving containers available for interstate moves
✘ Service and experience may vary by agent
✘ No instant online quotes
1. Which of the following companies rates highest?
A. Allied. B. American Van Lines.
C. International Van Lines. D. North American Moving Services.
2. What is the advantage of American Van Lines?
A. It gives pricing information online.
B. It is experienced in packing expensive items.
C. It has moving containers for interstate moves.
D. It guarantees the lowest price of the same service.
3. What do the four companies have in common according to the text?
A. They feature highly skilled movers.
B. They have over 80 years of experience.
C. They can provide moving services nationwide.
D. They can offer services for customized packing.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家顶级的包装和搬家公司，包括其服务、优缺点和评分等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据四张图片中Allied的评分4.7/5、American Van Lines的评分4.5/5、International Van Lines的评分4.8/5、North American Moving Services的评分4.6/5可知，International Van Lines公司的评分最高。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据American Van Lines的Pros and Cons部分中“Promises to match or beat the price if the same service is found at a lower cost”（承诺如果以更低的成本找到相同的服务，就会提供相同或更低的价格）可知，American Van Lines的优势在于保证了相同服务的最低价格。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Allied部分中“With over 90 years of experience, the moving company has finished over 750,000 moves in different states in the U.S. in the last 15 years alone.”（凭借超过90年的经验，这家搬家公司仅在过去的15年里就在美国的不同州完成了超过75万次搬家。）、American Van Lines部分中“The moving company provides its services in every state.”（这家搬家公司在每个州都提供服务。）、International Van Lines部分中“IVL provides its packing and moving services for both local and long-distance moves in all 50 states, as well as 180 countries.”（IVL为所有50个州以及180个国家的本地和长途移动提供包装和搬家服务。）、North American Moving Services部分中“This full-service moving company has more than 80 years of moving experience and a network of more than 500 locations nationwide.”（这家全方位服务的搬家公司拥有80多年的搬家经验和遍布全国500多个地点的网络。）可知，四家公司的共同点是可以提供全国范围内的搬家服务。故选C项。
B
In 2014, Mahoney performed an act of kindness as part of a Facebook challenge. She picked a 79-year-old senior named Wagner, who regularly gave back to the community. Mahoney wanted to know Wagner better, so they spent a day together, picking up groceries and getting their nails done. “It was the first time in years that someone had made a day about her,” says Mahoney.
Their shared experience got Mahoney thinking. How many other seniors might benefit from dedicated attention? She came up with a plan: find local seniors with long-time dreams and work to fulfill their wishes. She named the new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for short.
Seniors can nominate (提名) themselves or be nominated by someone else; wishes are then assessed by a community committee that looks at factors such as age-related physical barriers, social isolation and financial need.
Melanie nominated her husband, 78-year-old Victor, to go rockhounding, a hobby he’d given up when it became too physically difficult to access the bay where he hunted for geodes (晶洞). The team at WAY hired a boat for him and his son so they could reach the bay and search out geodes on the beach. “Now, Victor has regained his self-confidence and is willing to take on new challenges. We want to show that anything is possible with the support of others,” says Mahoney.
Up to now, WAY has delivered on 41 dreams, ranging from a helicopter trip over a childhood blueberry-picking spot to travelling to Toronto to watch a Blue Jays game. While her charity operates only in Nova Scotia, Mahoney has her own dream. Each WAY wish is recorded on video, and she wants people watching to be inspired to fulfill a wish for a senior in their own community. “We want to create a national movement that shifts how we as a society view, value and support seniors,” says Mahoney. “That is the impact we’re trying to create.”
4. Why did Mahoney set up WAY?
A. To complete a Facebook challenge. B. To give back to local communities.
C. To do daily chores for the elderly. D. To help seniors realize their goals.
5. How has WAY affected Victor?
A. He has made more friends. B. He has started a new hobby.
C. He has become high-spirited. D. He has regained his son’s support.
6. What does Mahoney intend to do by recording videos?
A. Rise to fame and fortune overnight.
B. Keep memories alive for the elderly.
C. Positively change our attitude towards the elderly.
D. Improve interpersonal relationship in the community.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Lifelong dreams. B. A charity for seniors.
C. Problems seniors meet. D. An unforgettable experience.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Mahoney成立慈善组织WAY，来帮助老年人实现愿望。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She came up with a plan: find local seniors with long-time dreams and work to fulfill their wishes. She named the new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for short.(她想出了一个计划：找到当地有长期梦想的老年人，并努力实现他们的愿望。她将这个新慈善机构命名为We Are Young，简称WAY)”可知，Mahoney成立WAY是为了帮助老年人实现他们的愿望。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Now, Victor has regained his self-confidence and is willing to take on new challenges.(现在，Victor已经重拾自信，愿意接受新的挑战)”可知，WAY让Victor变得意气风发了。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Each WAY wish is recorded on video, and she wants people watching to be inspired to fulfill a wish for a senior in their own community.(每一种方式的愿望都被录成视频，她希望观看视频的人能受到鼓舞，为自己社区的老年人实现一个愿望)”可知，Mahoney录制视频的目的是积极改变我们对老年人的态度。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Their shared experience got Mahoney thinking. How many other seniors might benefit from dedicated attention? She came up with a plan: find local seniors with long-time dreams and work to fulfill their wishes. She named the new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for short.(他们共同的经历引起了Mahoney的思考。有多少老年人可能从专注的关注中受益？她想出了一个计划：找到当地有长期梦想的老年人，并努力实现他们的愿望。她将这个新慈善机构命名为We Are Young，简称WAY)”结合文章主要介绍了Mahoney成立WAY，来帮助老年人实现愿望。可知，这篇文章主要是介绍一个致力于帮助老年人的慈善机构。故选B。
C
By 2050, 68% of the global population will live in cities. That’s 2.5 billion more people than today. In Europe, three out of four of us already live in urban areas, and the consequences of that are becoming clear. Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution. As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in.
Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect, which refers to heat trapped in built-up areas. The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by people, transport and industry is trapped in the narrow roads and concrete structures, unable to escape to the atmosphere. This can bring the temperature in urban areas up 3 — 4°C higher than the surrounding countryside, and with that comes a severe cycle. Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand for cooling. This expands our energy consumption, which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption, increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets.
Planning cities to include green spaces wherever possible is the first step in making our urban areas healthier. For example, adding a layer of vegetation to rooftops and creating green roofs has proven to reduce the urban heat island effect. Trees in our streets also play their part, and a variety of tree species can have a profound effect. Simply having access to green spaces in cities can do wonders for our stress levels and concentration at work. “People need to interact with nature whenever the opportunity arises. Something as simple as a five-to-ten-minute break during the workday can improve well-being and boost productivity,” Cecil, an expert studying nature in cities says.
8. How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1?
A. By presenting facts. B. By listing examples.
C. By comparing numbers. D. By questioning an estimate.
9. What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Overcome. B. Change. C. Ease. D. Shift.
10. What might be a consequence of the urban heat island effect?
A. Lower temperature. B. Energy regeneration.
C. Fuel shortage. D. Air pollution.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Let Nature Back In
B. Why We Need Green Spaces in Cities
C. Heat Effect: An Unavoidable Urban Trouble
D. Green Roofs: Tiny Urban Forests
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着城市人口的急剧增加，城市的空气污染问题日益严重，因此有必要在城市中让自然回归，以改善城市的健康水平。同时，让自然回归可以提升居住者的幸福感和工作效率。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“By 2050, 68% of the global population will live in cities. That’s 2.5 billion more people than today. In Europe, three out of four of us already live in urban areas, and the consequences of that are becoming clear. Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution.（到2050年，全球68%的人口将居住在城市。这比现在多了25亿人。在欧洲，我们四分之三的人口已经生活在城市地区，其后果正变得越来越明显。研究人员估计，每年有900万人直接死于空气污染。）”可知，作者先呈现了城市人口大幅增长，直接死于空气污染的人数量巨大的事实，然后引入了文章的话题。由此可知，作者通过展现事实的方式引入话题。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句“As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in.（随着我们城市的发展，越来越多的人进入已经拥挤的空间，我们需要做些什么来将我们的城市地区转变为健康的居住地？越来越多的研究告诉我们，我们应该让大自然回归。）”和第二段第一句“Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect, which refers to heat trapped in built-up areas.（城市中的绿地可以……污染的影响，并可以减少被称为城市热岛效应的现象，热岛效应指的是在建成区滞留的热量。）”可知，在城市中让自然回归有助于改善城市的健康，因此城市中的绿地应该是可以缓解污染和城市热岛效应。由此可知，mitigate意为“缓解，减轻”，与ease意思一致。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This expands our energy consumption, which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption, increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets.（这扩大了我们的能源消耗，反过来又增加了化石燃料的消耗，增加了空气中的污染物和街道上的有害烟雾。）”可知，城市热岛效应会形成恶性循环，加重城市的空气污染。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第一段的“ As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in.(随着我们城市的发展，越来越多的人进入已经拥挤的空间，我们需要做些什么来将我们的城市地区转变为健康的居住地?越来越多的研究告诉我们，我们应该让大自然回归。)”可知，文章介绍了随着城市人口的急剧增加，城市的空气污染问题日益严重，因此有必要在城市中让自然回归，以改善城市的健康水平。同时，让自然回归可以提升居住者的幸福感和工作效率。因此，文章主要介绍的是在城市中引入自然的好处，B项“我们为什么需要城市绿地”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。
D
For much of human history, ethical (道德的) behavior has been guided by the Golden Rule: do to others as you would have them do to you. But the rule is imperfect. What you want in a given situation may not be what another person desires at all.
In the medical field, making or influencing choices for others can make all the difference. Such choices impact people’s quality of life and even their chances of survival. As health care becomes more individualized, the time seems right for a new ethical guideline—the “platinum (白金) rule” proposed by professor Harvey Max Chochinov: do to others as they would want done to themselves.
Chochinov describes this principle in his essay published last year. He begins with a story about a health crisis affecting his sister Ellen, who was severely disabled. The care doctor, after seeing her twisted (扭曲的) body, was weighing whether to insert a breathing tube when he asked Chochinov a strange question: Did Ellen read magazines? “The question was frightening.” Chochinov writes, “this was not an attempt to get to know Ellen … but rather a way to decide if hers was a life worth saving.” Ellen read widely and enjoyed many simple pleasures of life, but the gap between her life as a person who uses a wheelchair and the doctor’s sense of what he would want in her situation was too vast to be bridged by the Golden Rule. “That’s when judging from where you stand what another might need or want begins to break down,” Chochinov explained.
Time is a limited resource in the health-care system, and there’s no denying that getting to know a patient as an individual means investing additional minutes or hours. Still, Chochinov believes such investment is cost-effective. There are benefits for doctors as well. “When they emotionally connect to their patients, they do a better job.”
In certain cases, doctors may find it hard to apply the platinum rule. But there is value in the effort: at the very least, their trying to work through it will ensure that they have sufficient modesty about the wisdom of their choices.
12. Why is the platinum rule introduced to the medical field?
A. To strengthen ethical behavior in treatment.
B. To help doctors acquire accurate information.
C. To increase chances of survival for patients.
D. To make person-centered care accessible to patients.
13. What can we learn from Ellen’s story?
A. A health crisis caused her disability.
B. The doctor was curious about her hobby.
C. The doctor gave little thought to her needs.
D. Her brother sang high praises for the treatment.
14. Which statement might Chochinov agree with?
A. Health care system needs investing.
B. Time put into knowing a patient is rewarding.
C. Trust between doctors and patients is important.
D. Emotional connection to patients brings job burnout.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the platinum rule?
A. Objective. B. Favorable. C. Careful. D. Unclear.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了医学领域实施的“白金法则”，作者认为实施这种法则的努力是有价值的，可以确保医生们努力解决问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“As health care becomes more individualized, the time seems right for a new ethical guideline—the “platinum (白金) rule” proposed by professor Harvey Max Chochinov: do to others as they would want done to themselves.(随着医疗保健变得更加个性化，似乎是时候制定一项新的道德准则了——哈维·马克斯·乔契诺夫教授提出的“白金法则”：己所不欲，勿施于人)”可知，将“白金法则”引入医学领域是为了使病人能够获得以人为本的护理。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“The care doctor, after seeing her twisted (扭曲的) body, was weighing whether to insert a breathing tube when he asked Chochinov a strange question: Did Ellen read magazines? “The question was frightening.” Chochinov writes, “this was not an attempt to get to know Ellen … but rather a way to decide if hers was a life worth saving.” Ellen read widely and enjoyed many simple pleasures of life, but the gap between her life as a person who uses a wheelchair and the doctor’s sense of what he would want in her situation was too vast to be bridged by the Golden Rule. “That’s when judging from where you stand what another might need or want begins to break down,” Chochinov explained.(护理医生在看到她扭曲的身体后，正在考虑是否要插入呼吸管，这时他问了乔奇诺夫一个奇怪的问题：艾伦看杂志吗?“这个问题很可怕。”乔奇诺夫写道：“这不是为了了解艾伦，而是为了判断她的生命是否值得拯救。”艾伦博览群书，享受生活中许多简单的乐趣，但她作为一个轮椅使用者的生活与医生对她的情况的理解之间的差距太大，无法用黄金法则来弥合。乔奇诺夫解释说:“这时，从你的立场来判断别人可能需要或想要什么就开始失效了。”)”可知，从艾伦的故事我们可以知道医生很少考虑到她的需要。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“Time is a limited resource in the health-care system, and there’s no denying that getting to know a patient as an individual means investing additional minutes or hours. Still, Chochinov believes such investment is cost-effective. There are benefits for doctors as well. “When they emotionally connect to their patients, they do a better job.”(在医疗保健系统中，时间是一种有限的资源，不可否认，要了解一个病人的个人情况意味着要投入额外的时间或时间。不过，乔奇诺夫认为这样的投资是划算的。这对医生也有好处。“当他们在情感上与病人建立联系时，他们会做得更好。”)”可推断，乔奇诺夫认为花时间了解病人是值得的。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In certain cases, doctors may find it hard to apply the platinum rule. But there is value in the effort: at the very least, their trying to work through it will ensure that they have sufficient modesty about the wisdom of their choices.( 在某些情况下，医生可能会发现很难应用“白金法则”。但这种努力是有价值的：至少，他们努力完成这项工作将确保他们对自己的选择是否明智有足够的谦逊)”可知，作者认为“白金法则”虽然难以应用，但是努力是值得的，因为医生努力解决问题将确保他们对自己选择的智慧有足够的谦虚。因此推断作者支持“白金法则”。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being a teenager is hard. ____16____ And parents don’t always know how to be supportive. Clinical psychologist Lisa Damour says instead of jumping into problem-solving mode, parents can learn to ride the wave of emotional management with their teens. Here are some of her suggestions.
____17____ One of the best gifts you can give them is to be a steady presence and lead with curiosity and empathy (共情). When a teen is experiencing low self-esteem, Damour says comforting doesn’t work nearly as well as we would like. ____18____ Try saying, “You know that’s not true, but it must feel awful to feel that way.”
Talking about emotions is good, but there can be a tipping point when talking too much about feelings. In this situation, Damour suggests comforting and then shifting a teen who’s over-processing their emotions into something else. ____19____
For the teen who doesn’t talk about their feelings, Damour reminds parents that there are healthy non-verbal ways to process emotions. Listening to music, playing sports and making art are healthy ways for teens to work through emotions that don’t involve having a discussion.
____20____ But Damour notes that when a teen is too sensitive to some negative feelings and they’re using destructive behaviors to cope, it’s time to step in and give more support or seek professional help.
A. They are much more dependent on themselves.
B. Another way to help a teen is to turn to professionals.
C. Instead, she suggests empathizing with how the teen feels.
D. Every day holds the possibility of emotional highs and lows.
E. Remember that your teens are at a demanding developmental stage.
F. You can suggest doing an activity they enjoy and revisit the issue the next day.
G. Your teens deserve encouraging when their emotions are handled in a healthy way.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何应对青少年的情绪问题提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Being a teenager is hard.(做一个青少年是很难的)”可知，本句承接上文说明做青少年困难之处在哪里。故D选项“每天都有情绪起伏的可能”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据后文“One of the best gifts you can give them is to be a steady presence and lead with curiosity and empathy (共情).(你能给他们的最好礼物之一就是保持稳定的存在感，用好奇心和共情来引导他们)”可知，后文提到了给青少年最好的礼物是保持稳定的存在感，可知本句是在说明这么做的原因。故E选项“记住，你的青少年正处于一个要求很高的发展阶段”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“When a teen is experiencing low self-esteem, Damour says comforting doesn’t work nearly as well as we would like.( Damour说，当一个青少年经历低自尊时，安慰并不像我们希望的那样有效)”可知，上文提到安慰并不像我们希望的那样有效，故本句是在说明正确的做法。故C选项“相反，她建议对青少年的感受感同身受”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Talking about emotions is good, but there can be a tipping point when talking too much about feelings. In this situation, Damour suggests comforting and then shifting a teen who’s over-processing their emotions into something else.(谈论情绪是好的，但是过多地谈论感觉可能会有一个临界点。在这种情况下，达穆尔建议安慰那些过度处理情绪的青少年，然后把他们转移到其他事情上)”可知，本句承接上文说明如何转移青少年的注意力。故F选项“你可以建议做一项他们喜欢的活动，第二天再讨论这个问题”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据后文“But Damour notes that when a teen is too sensitive to some negative feelings and they’re using destructive behaviors to cope, it’s time to step in and give more support or seek professional help.(但达穆尔指出，当青少年对某些负面情绪过于敏感，并使用破坏性行为来应对时，是时候介入，给予更多支持或寻求专业帮助了)”可知，后文提到了青少年对某些负面情绪过于敏感时，需要介入，说明本句主要是在说明青少年处理情绪的方式。故G选项“当你的孩子以健康的方式处理他们的情绪时，他们应该得到鼓励”符合语境，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There are good dogs, and then there’s Clover. This past March, Clover was out for her daily ____21____ with her owner, Haley Moore, when, as the two were about to cross the street, Moore had a seizure (疾病发作) and ____22____.
While untrained for the situation, Clover nevertheless switched into ____23____ mode. First, she walked in a circle, _____24_____ to work out the situation; next, she turned over Moore onto her back and ____25____ the leash (狗绳). Then, Clover tried to make the situation ____26____ in her own way. “This dog doesn’t like cars,” says Haley’s mother. “But there she was, trying to make eye contact with people driving by. She moved right into the centre of the road.”
Dryden, a truck driver, ____27____ the dog, parked his vehicle and rushed to Moore; he ____28____ called an ambulance. Clover then started to return to their nearby home, looking back often to ____29____ Haley was in good hands. Once she was at her door, Clover started ______30______ and wouldn’t stop until Haley’s father followed her to the ______31______.
“All I remember is waking up in an ambulance,” says Haley. “It was scary! Thank God for Clover.” Haley doesn’t know what caused the seizure, but ______32______, it has not happened again. “As an animal ______33______, I’ve always sensed that animals are just as ______34______ as humans,” says Haley. “We feel very ______35______ to have her in our lives.”
21. A. training B. walk C. exercise D. check
22. A. left B. shouted C. collapsed D. stopped
23. A. protection B. attack C. panic D. recovery
24. A. attempting B. regretting C. learning D. continuing
25. A. kept B. controlled C. tied D. freed
26. A. tricky B. unexpected C. noticeable D. understandable
27. A. spotted B. missed C. reached D. hit
28. A. constantly B. definitely C. eventually D. instantly
29. A. remind B. discover C. ensure D. promise
30. A. playing B. barking C. pounding D. running
31. A. scene B. hospital C. park D. playground
32. A. temporarily B. truthfully C. thoroughly D. thankfully
33. A. doctor B. lover C. saver D. photographer
34. A. lively B. easy-going C. well-behaved D. extraordinary
35. A. lost B. blessed C. amused D. dynamic
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小狗Clover救她主人故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年三月，Moore带着小狗Clover去散步，当他们正要过马路时，Moore突发疾病，昏厥了过去。A. training培训；B. walk散步，遛狗；C. exercise锻炼；D. check检查。根据后文“as the two were about to cross the street”可知，此处指Moore带着小狗Clover去散步，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. left离开；B. shouted喊叫；C. collapsed昏厥，崩溃；D. stopped停止。根据后文“First, she walked in a circle,_____4_____ to work out the situation; next, she turned over Moore onto her back and____5____ the leash (狗绳).”可知，此处指主人Moore昏厥了过去，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管未培训过，但Clover立刻就转成了保护模式。A. protection保护；B. attack攻击；C. panic恐慌；D. recovery恢复，痊愈。根据后文“First, she walked in a circle,_____4_____ to work out the situation; next, she turned over Moore onto her back and____5____ the leash (狗绳).”可知，此处指主人晕厥过去后，就开始想办法保护Moore，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，Clover围绕着Moore走了一圈，想要弄清楚是什么情况。A. attempting企图；B. regretting后悔，悔恨；C. learning知道，了解；D. continuing继续。根据空后“to work out the situation”可知，此处指Clover想要，企图弄清楚这种情况，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她尽力把Moore翻过来，正躺着，然后松开了狗绳。A. kept保持，保存；B. controlled控制；C. tied系；D. freed松开。根据前文“Clover was out for her daily____1____ with her owner, Haley Moore”可知，Moore带Clover出去遛狗，故此处指松开狗绳，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Clover用自己方式，尽量让这种情况被发现。A. tricky诡计多端的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. noticeable注意到的；D. understandable可理解的。根据后文“But there she was, trying to make eye contact with people driving by. She moved right into the centre of the road.”可知，此处指Clover努力让其他人注意到Moore晕倒了，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个卡车司机Dryden注意到了这条狗，停下车后，跑向Moore。A. spotted看到，注意到；B. missed错过；C. reached达到；D. hit撞击。根据后文“parked his vehicle and rushed to Moore”可知，此处指卡车司机看到了，注意到了Clover，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他马上叫了救护车。A. constantly不断地；B. definitely绝对地；C. eventually最终；D. instantly立刻，马上。根据前文“rushed to Moore;”可知，此时情况和紧急，故此处指立刻、马上就呼叫了救护车，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Clover开始往家跑，不停地回头看，以确保Haley遇到了可靠的人。A. remind提醒；B. discover发现；C. ensure确保；D. promise承诺。根据空后“Haley was in good hands”可知，此处指Clover不时地回头看，确保Haley遇到了可靠的人，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一到达门口，就开始吠叫，直到Haley的父亲跟着她来到现场。A. playing玩耍；B. barking吠叫；C. pounding连续重击，猛打；D. running跑。根据空后“wouldn’t stop until Haley’s father followed her to the ____11____.”可知，此处指Clover一跑道家门口，就开始吠叫，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. scene场景，风景；B. hospital医院；C. park公园；D. playground操场。根据前文“Moore had a seizure (疾病发作) and____2____.”可知，此处指Clover通过吠叫的方式把的Moore父亲带到了Moore昏厥的事故现场，on the scene“在现场”，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Haley不知道是什么引起的疾病发作，不过，谢天谢地，它没再发作过了。A. temporarily暂时地；B. truthfully真正地，真实地；C. thoroughly完全地；D. thankfully谢天谢地，感谢地。根据空前的转折“but”可知，此处指尽管她不知道是什么引起的疾病发作，不过谢天谢地，再也发生类似的情况的，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名动物爱好者，我总能感觉到，动物和人类一样优秀。A. doctor医生；B. lover爱好者；C. saver营救人员；D. photographers拍摄者。根据前文“Clover was out for her daily____1____ with her owner, Haley Moore”可知，Haley每天都会带狗出去散步，因此她是一名动物爱好者，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lively有活力的；B. easy-going随和的；C. well-behaved守规矩的；D. extraordinary非凡的，优秀的。根据前文对Clover在主人Haley昏厥后，想办法找人帮忙营救Haley的描写，说明狗和人类一样聪明，一样优秀，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能拥有Clover，我们感觉很荣幸。A. lost失落的；B. blessed荣幸的，被祝福的；C. amused好笑的；D. dynamic有活力的。根据前文““It was scary! Thank God for Clover.””可知，此处指Haley觉得能拥有Clover，她们很荣幸，很幸运，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Colors are important to Chinese culture. The three main colors _____36_____(consider) lucky in people’s daily lives as well as on special occasions are red, yellow, and green.
Famously popular in relation to anything Chinese, red is the national color representing happiness, good luck, success and good fortune, which is _____37_____(wide) used during festivals and important events like weddings. Red lanterns decorate _____38_____(business) and residences. Double rows of red “Xi” letters are pasted on gates and doors.
Yellow — corresponding to earth — symbolized royalty in ancient China _____39_____ was reserved for the emperor. The first Emperor of China was known as the Yellow Emperor. China was often referred to as “Yellow Earth”, and _____40_____(it) mother river is the Yellow River. Looking down at the Forbidden City from Beijing Jing Mountain, one can see a sea _____41_____ yellow-glazed tile roofs.
Green is the color of wealth, hope and growth, commonly believed to represent purity and cleanness. Many buildings _____42_____(paint) in green nowadays, as is often the case with banks, post offices and some restaurants. ______43______(package) milk or produce in green is to indicate that the product is pollution-free.
The color legacy (遗产) that our ancestor left us can be seen in society today. What’s more, some TV dramas over the past few years _____44_____(present) traditional Chinese colors in costumes and architecture, ______45______ excites people’s interest in more ancient colors.
【答案】36. considered
37. widely 38. businesses
39. and 40. its
41. of 42. are painted
43. Packaging
44. have presented##have been presenting
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国文化中被认为是幸运三种主要颜色：红、黄、绿。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在人们的日常生活和特殊场合，被认为是幸运的三种主要颜色是红、黄、绿。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，作colors的后置定语，consider和逻辑主语colors之间是被动关系，应用consider的过去分词形式considered。故填considered。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：众所周知，红色与一切中国事物相关，它是代表幸福、好运、成功和好运的民族颜色，在节日和婚礼等重要活动中被广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处修饰从句中的谓语动词used，应用wide的副词形式widely，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：红灯笼装饰着商店和住宅。分析句子可知，空处和residences并列，作decorate的宾语，此处business表示“商业机构，商店”，是可数名词，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填businesses。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：黄色——与土地相对应——在中国古代象征着王权，是皇帝专用的。分析句子可知，此处需用连词连接两个谓语symbolized…和was reserved…，空处应用连词and。故填and。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国常被称为“黄土地”，它的母亲河是黄河。分析句子可知，空处是修饰mother river的定语，应用形容词性物主代词its，意为“它的”。故填its。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：从北京景山往下看紫禁城，可以看到一大片黄色琉璃瓦。根据“a sea”可知，此处用固定短语a sea of…，意为“大量的……”，空处应用介词of。故填of。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：现在许多建筑物都漆成了绿色，就像银行、邮局和一些餐馆一样。分析句子可知，空处做句子的谓语，时间状语为nowadays，时态用一般现在时，paint和主语Many buildings之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are painted。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用绿色包装牛奶或农产品是为了表明该产品是无污染的。分析句子可知，空处和milk or produce in green构成句子的主语，是非谓语动词，表示“用绿色包装牛奶或农产品”，应用package的动名词形式packaging，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Packaging。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，过去几年的一些电视剧在服装和建筑中呈现了中国传统色彩，这激发了人们对更古老色彩的兴趣。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合over the past few years可知，此处表示动作从过去开始发生，可以用现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响，也可以用现在完成进行时表示动作会继续进行下去，主语some TV dramas为复数，助动词用have。故填have presented或have been presenting。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此外，过去几年的一些电视剧在服装和建筑中呈现了中国传统色彩，这激发了人们对更古老色彩的兴趣。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，得知当地民俗博物馆正在招聘英文志愿者，你很感兴趣。请写一封申请信，
内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear sir,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to apply for a volunteer position for Folk Museum this summer.
I am enthusiastic about various types of Chinese traditional folk customs. It’s my dream to spend a whole summer vacation in a museum, appreciating the treasure of traditional art, and the history of Chinese folk customs. Besides, I am outgoing, responsible and have a good command of communication, which will help me to introduce the beautiful history to the customers. With a willing heart to help, I can surely do my duty.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给当地民俗博物馆写一封信，申请成为该馆的英文志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
职位：position→post
帮助：help→assist
考虑：consider→take...into consideration
回复：reply→answer
2.句型拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：Besides, I am outgoing, responsible and have a good command of communication.
拓展句：Besides, not only am I outgoing and responsible, but also I have a good command of communication.
【点睛】[高分句型1]It’s my dream to spend a whole summer vacation in a museum, appreciating the treasure of traditional art, and the history of Chinese folk customs.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] I would appreciate it if you could consider my application.（运用了固定句型I would appreciate it if...）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I used to be the only child in the family. Everything changed when Tex was born, and I was ten at that time. It seemed to me that Tex got too much attention from Mom and Dad, and I constantly felt a sense of depression. However, my little six-year-old brother had no idea about that, sticking with me all day long, which sometimes really annoyed me.
Last week I was creating a birthday book for Dad. I worked forever making each picture as perfect as possible. Every time I messed up, I started all over again, so the floor under the kitchen table was covered with half-finished drawings.
“It’s family chore time,” Mom announced. “And you’re on laundry-folding duty,” she told me.
“OK,” I said. “After that, I’ll just put the finishing touches on Dad’s present.”
“I can help, too!” said my little brother, Tex.
I felt a little uncomfortable. But Mom touched his head gently and said, “Of course, baby, you can.” Then she turned to me, “And, Anna, please always remember to move those papers from the floor to the recycling bin in the yard when you’re done with your project.”
I folded the laundry as fast as possible. Just as I was about to get back to the birthday book, my friend showed up. After checking with Mom, we headed to the park. But as soon as we arrived there, the sky filled with giant gray clouds and rain started pouring down. I was upset as I headed back home, dripping wet. That’s when my heart pretty much stopped. Right there, in front of the recycling bin, was a box full of wet-through papers. And not just any papers ... I ran to rescue my birthday book drawings. But it was too late. As I picked up my once-perfect pictures, they were totally ruined!
I cried “Tex, how did they get out here in the rain?”
Nervously, he came out and said, “Sorry, but I meant to help. I heard what Mom said, and I did it for you. But I had no idea why your birthday book was in those papers.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Needless to say, I was going to explode.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We two decided to make one big present for Dad.
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【答案】Needless to say, I was going to explode. I couldn't help but feel frustrated when all my hard work on the birthday book was ruined in a matter of seconds. But as I looked at Tex’s innocent face, I realized that he didn't mean any harm. I apologized to him for getting angry and explained why those papers were important to me. Tex smiled and suggested that we do something together for Dad's birthday.
We two decided to make one big present for Dad. We began to prepare and discussed how we could make Dad feel surprised and touched. Tex was really creative and came up with some unique ideas that surprised me. Working with him made the process much more enjoyable. We gathered suitable materials and started to create the gift. Throughout the process, I was happy that Tex and I could work together and complete the special present. In the end, Dad really appreciated the thought and effort we put into his present. I learned that working together as a family can create some of the best memories.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从独子变成了有弟弟后的心路历程。她一直认为父母给弟弟太多关注，这种情况让她感到很沮丧。有一天，她正在为父亲制作生日书，弟弟提出要帮忙，但因为弟弟以前有时候会让她感到烦恼，所以她有点不确定要不要让他帮忙。后来当她去跟朋友玩时，天突然下起了大雨。当她回家时，发现一个盒子里装满了淋湿的纸张，把她原本完美的生日书搞糟了。她问弟弟为什么要把纸张放到下雨的地方，弟弟道歉说是为了帮她，但不知道生日书的重要性。这个故事展现了两个孩子如何一起为父亲制作一份特别的生日礼物，并且教会了女孩欣赏她的弟弟的善良和创造力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不用说，我快要爆炸了。”可知，第一段可描写作者很生气，但是发现弟弟并不是有意的，道歉后决定一起给父亲制作了生日礼物。
②由第二段首句内容“我们两个决定给爸爸做一份大礼物”可知，第二段可描写作者和弟弟一起制作的过程，发现弟弟很有创意，最终礼物得到了父亲的称赞及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：生气——道歉——做礼物——惊讶——收集材料——感激——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①沮丧：frustrated/depressed/upset
②意识到：realized/aware/noticed
③收集：gathered/collected/clustered
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astonished/amazed
②生气：angry/mad/annoyed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I discovered that Tex was really creative and came up with some unique ideas that surprised me.(运用了由that引导的宾语从句和定语从句)
[高分句型2]. But as I looked at Tex’s innocent face, I realized that he didn't mean any harm.(运用了as引导状语从句和that引导的宾语从句)
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