中考英语真题分类汇编word版含解析 短文填空6 用所给词的适当形式填空 真题

（.山东滨州）六、词汇应用 (共10小题, 计10分)

阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。

  Have you ever read the book A Brief History of Time? It (71)        (write) by Stephen Hawking in 2013.

  Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo in Oxford, England. At the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father’s old college. After three years, he won a first class honour degree in (72)_______ (nature) science.

  In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge (73)_______ (do) research. He (74)_______ (real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad (75)_______ (ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet he went on (76)_______ (work) hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by (77)_______ (he), he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got (78)_______ (marry) in 1965, then they had three (79)_______ (child).

   Stephen liked China very much, he had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking (80)_______ (reply) Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai.

   He once said, “My goal is simple, it is complete understanding of the universe (宇宙).” Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most famous scientists since Einstein. Hawking died on March 14th, 2018.

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了著名的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的人生经历。

【答案】

71. was written    72. natural    73. to do      74. really      75. illness    

76. walking      77. himself    78. married    79. children   80. replied

【解析】

71. was written   句意：这是斯蒂芬·霍金在2013年写的。主语it（the book）与谓语动词write是被动关系，这本书是在过去写的，故此处应用一般过去时被动语态，结构为：was/were+过去分词，主语是it应用was，write的过去分词是written，故填was written。

72. natural 句意：三年后，他获得了自然科学一级荣誉学位。nature是名词，意为“自然”，此处应用形容词修饰空后的名词science，nature的形容词是natural“自然的”，故填natural。

73. to do    句意：在1962年10月，斯蒂芬来到剑桥大学做研究。根据句意可知，此处应用动词do的不定式结构做目的状语，故填to do。

74. really  句意：他在那儿过得很愉快。real是形容词，此处应用其副词形式really修饰动词enjoyed，故填really。

75. illness   句意：不幸的是，斯蒂芬在1963年21岁生日后不久就得了重病。a bad后接单数名词，ill是形容词“生病的”，名词是illness“疾病”，故填illness。

76. working   句意：但他仍继续努力工作成为一名优秀的科学家。keep on doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，故填working。

77. himself   句意：斯蒂芬不是单独居住，他爱上了Jane Wilde。by oneself是固定短语，意为“独自，单独”，he的反身代词是himself，故填himself。

78. married  句意：他们在1965年结婚，然后他们有了三个孩子。get married是固定短语，意为“结婚”，故填married。

79. children  句意：他们在1965年结婚，然后他们有了三个孩子。由空前three可知，此处应用child的复数children。

80. replied  句意：2017年11月24日，霍金在微博上回复了王俊凯。由时间状语On November 24th, 2017可知，此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；reply的过去式是replied，故填replied。

   B (·山东济宁)

China’s first set of AI (人工智能) textbooks   6   (come) into the classrooms of primary and secondary schools soon in many parts of China. The AI textbooks have already appeared in Shanghai and some experts   7   (test) some of them. It’s said that these AI textbooks are popular with local students.

It is reported that   8   (hundred) of schools in China will use the textbooks for primary and secondary school students in . These schools plan   9   (use) them in some of their classes as an experiment.

In fact, AI has brought huge benefits (好处) to the education field. Students can not only choose   10   (they) own ways to study, but also can study at home without going to school.

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。中国第一套人工智能教科书即将进入中国许多地方的中小学课堂。人工智能教科书已经在上海问世，并进行了测试。据说这些人工智能教科书很受当地学生的欢迎。据悉，到年，中国将有数百所中小学使用这种教科书。这些学校计划在他们的一些班级作为实验进行使用。事实上，人工智能给教育界带来了巨大的好处。学生不仅可以选择他们自己的学习方式，还可以不用上学就能在家学习。

答案：6. will come  7. have tested  8. hundreds  9. to use  10. their

6. will come【解析】中国第一套人工智能教科书不久将进入中国许多地区的中小学课堂。根据句中时间状语soon可知，应用一般将来时。

7. have tested【解析】人工智能教科书已经在上海问世，一些专家已经测试了其中一些。根据前半句中的谓语时态是现在完成时，此处表示并列关系，可知test也应用现在完成时。

8. hundreds【解析】据悉，到年，中国将有数百所中小学使用这种教科书。hundreds of数以百计的。

9. to use 【解析】这些学校计划在一些班级中用它们作为实验。plan to do sth计划做某事。

10. their 【解析】学生不仅可以选择自己的学习方式，还可以不用上学就能在家学习。“物主代词 + own + 名词”是一个固定搭配，以为“某人自己的……”。

    （山东潍坊） B

阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。(共10小题，满分10分)

  She used to sleep on the sidewalk of the Fifth Street Post Office. I could smell her before I came close. She    26    (wear) dirty clothes and her mouth was nearly toothless. If she was not asleep, she talked to    27    (she). What a poor old lady!

 One Thanksgiving, we had lots of food    28    (leave) over. I thought about the old lady. She might be still hungry. So I packed the food up and rode over to the Fifth Street. It was a cold night. There was hardly anyone out. But I knew she would stay at the same place and I would find her    29    (easy). There she was, sitting against a tree near the post office. She     30    (dress) as she always was. I went to her and said, “I’ve brought you some food. Would you like some turkey and apple pie?”

However, the old woman didn’t seem to be very    31    (excite) about this. She looked at me and said, “Oh, thank you very much, but someone    32    (give) me food earlier and I’m quite full now. Why don’t you take it to someone else who    33    (need) it?”

   Her manners were gracious (亲切的). I was the person who didn’t know what    34    (say). An old lady whose life was    35    (bad) than most of us still thought about others. Why don’t more of us do that?

【主旨大意】短文是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者和一位流浪的老太太的故事。作者牵挂着这位流浪的老太太，在感恩节晚上给她送食物的时候，老太太由于自己已经吃饱饭建议作者把食物送给别的需要的人。这一举动使作者深受震撼。

26.wore【解析】并列连词and并列两个句子时态一致。下文的was提示用wear的一般过去时态。

27.herself 【解析】主语she提示用反身代词herself构成短语talk to oneself表示“自言自语”。

28.left【解析】用过去分词作定语，表示“剩下的食物”。和名词存在被动关系。

29.easily【解析】用副词修饰动词find表示“容易地找到”。

30.was dressed【解析】短语be dressed表示“穿着”，指持续的状态。

31.excited【解析】主语woman提示用形容词excited作表语，表示“(感到)兴奋的；(感到)激动的”。

32.has given【解析】下文I’m quite full now.“我现在很饱了”提示上文用动词的现在完成时态表示对现在造成的影响。

33.needs 【解析】定语从句引导词who代替的是someone，提示定语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时第三人称单数形式。

34.to say【解析】特殊疑问词和动词不定式构成固定结构，本句中作宾语，表示“不知道说什么”。

35.worse【解析】下文的than提示用bad的比较级形式worse。

A)阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。

(·四川乐山) One day, Mr.  and Mrs. Smith are celebrating their  ____81____ (sixty) birthday. They got ____82____ (marry) 30 years ago.

During the party an angel (天使) turns up. “You’ve been such a____83____ (love) couple for 30 years. I will give you one wish each,” the angel says.

Mrs. Smith wants ____84____ (travel) around the world. The angel waves her wand (手杖) and boom (隆地一声)! Mrs. Smith has the tickets in her hand.

Next, it is Mr. Smith’s turn. He thinks for a moment. “Well, I’d like to have a woman 30  years ____85____ (young) than me,” he says shyly.

The angel lifts up her wand, and boom! He turns 90.

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了史密斯夫妇在庆祝他们的六十大寿聚会上，天使要他们夫妇俩各许一个愿，并帮他们实现了各自的愿望。

【答案】81. 60th/ sixtieth    82. married      83. loving / lovely    84. to travel    85. younger  

81. 60th/ sixtieth  句意：一天，史密斯夫妇正在庆祝他们的六十大寿。their 60th/ sixtieth  birthday他们的第60个生日。此处应用序数词。

82. married    句意：他们30年前结婚了。get married 结婚。

83. loving / lovely  句意：30年来，你们一直是如此恩爱/可爱的一对。loving  充满爱的; lovely 可爱的，填在句中都讲得通。

84. to travel  句意：史密斯太太想环游世界。want to do sth. 想做某事，故填to travel。85. younger   句意：嗯，我想要一个比我年轻30岁的女人。句中than暗示了，填比较级younger。

X.(河北)词语运用（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）

根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。

(河北) I have a photo album (相册). It’s a present from my classmate—David.

I got to know David on the 71. ________ (two) day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, 72. s________ we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me 73. a________ and I saw many interesting things. We had a 74. ________ (wonder) time. It is really nice to have such 75. ________ good classmate.

However, last summer, David 76. ________ (go) to another city because of his father’s job. Before leaving, he gave 77. ________ (I) a photo album. “It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some 78. ________ (note) under each of these photos,” he said. I was 79. ________ (deep) moved.

I always look at the album when I think 80. ________ David. I really miss him.

【答案】71. second 72.so 73. around 74. wonderful 75. a 76. went 77. me 78. notes 79. deeply 80. of

【解析】

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和大卫之间真挚的友谊。作者和大卫志趣相投、亲密无间。后来他转学时送给作者一本相册，每当作者想念大卫，他就会看那本相册。

71. second 分析句中结构，此处缺少定语。根据空格前的定冠词the，并联系常识可知，上学第几天具有顺序性，所以此处应用序数词，故填two的序数词second。

72. so 句意：我们都喜欢打篮球和集邮，_____我们总是有很多事情要谈。分析句子结构，此处缺少连词表结果。结合首字母s可知应用连词so。

73. around 句意：他带我_____参观，我看到了许多有趣的东西。短语show sb. around意为“带某人参观”，结合首字母a可知填around。

74. wonderful 分析句中结构，此处缺少形容词修饰名词time。have a wonderful time意为“玩得很开心”，故填wonder的形容词wonderful。

75. a 分析句中结构，such的常见用法：such＋a/an＋形容词＋名词单数，根据good以辅音音素开头，应用a表示“一位，一个”，故填a。

76. went 句意：然而，去年夏天，大卫因为他父亲的工作而去了另一个城市。结合时间状语last summer可知应用一般过去时，故填go的过去式went。

77. me 句意：临走前，他给了我一本相簿。分析句中结构，此处缺少宾语。动词give后跟代词宾格作宾语，故此处填I的代词宾格me。

78. notes 句意：我还在每张照片下面写了一些记录。分析句子结构，此处缺少宾语。形容词some修饰可数名词复数。故填note的名词复数notes。

79. deeply 句意：我深受感动。分析句子结构，此处缺少状语。修饰动词moved应用副词，故填deep的副词deeply。

80. of 句意：每当我想_____大卫，我就会看那本相册。动词think为不及物动词，后跟介词连接后面的名词，短语think of意为“想起”，故填介词of。

第三节 短文填空(共 10小题,每小题1.5分,共计15分)

(·贵州遵义)阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

I have two fiends in our class Rick and Scott. Rick has a good lifestyle. He sleeps eight or nine  61  (hour) a day. So he can get up early in the morning. He exercises every day before having breakfast. He runs three times every week and plays soccer_ 62  (one) a week. He also has good eating habits. He_ 63  (try) to eat all kinds of fruits. He thinks apples are the_ 64 (delicious) of all fruits. He believes, “Having_ 65  apple every day keeps the  66  (ill) away." He drinks milk every day and often eats vegetables. He likes hamburgers  67  he doesn't eat too much. He looks after his health well. Good eating habits and doing exercises everyday are good for him.

Scott is different_ 68 Rick. He is kind of_ 69  (health). He doesn't like doing exercise and sleeps too late. He likes eating junk food, too. He is fat now, and he_ 70  (ask) to lose weight by his doctor.

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述两个人的生活习惯：里克有健康的生活方式，例如充足的睡眠，锻炼，好的饮食习惯；与里克不同的是斯科特的生活习惯不健康，如不喜欢锻炼，熬夜，喜欢吃垃圾食品。

【解析】61. hours考查名词。根据空前后可知，这里构成“eight or nine hour) a day”一天八九个小时，由空前的数字可知，需要复数名词形式。

62. once 考查副词。根据空前后可知，这里构成短语“once a week”，一周一次，因此用One的副词形式once“一次”。

63. tries 考查动词。联系上下文，这里需用一般现在时态，该句主语He是第三人称单数，故谓语动词try也要用第三人称单数形式tries。

64. most delicious考查形容词最高级。根据空前的冠词the和空后的of all fruits可知，需要用最高级形式，因此用delicious的最高级most delicious，表达句意：他认为苹果是最好吃的水果。

65. an 考查冠词。联系空后的apple是可数名词单数，可知需要不定冠词，又因apple的读音开头是元音[æ]，因此用an，表达句意为：每天吃一个苹果。

66. illness 考查名词。句意：每天吃一个苹果可以赶走疾病，由空前的the可知，本空应为ill的名词形式illness。

67. but考查连词。上句“他喜欢汉堡”与下句“他不会吃很多”是转折关系，应用but连接。

68. from考查介词。此处构成固定短语be different from“和……不同”，介词from符合语境，意指“斯科特和里克不一样。”

69. unhealthy 考查形容词。联系下文“He doesn't like doing exercise and sleeps too late. He likes eating junk food, too.”可知，他的生活习惯时不健康的，又由空前的is可知需要形容词作表语，故用health的形容词unhealthy符合语境。

70. is asked 考查被动语态。联系该段前面说到了：斯科特的生活习惯不健康，可知该句句意：他被医生告知要减肥，由空后的by可知需要用被动语态，且一般现在时态，故本空应填is asked。

(云南昆明) 第一节  单词填空

    用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整，必要时请用否定式。（共10小题， 每小题1分，满分10分）

While some people stick to only  66   (first) kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.

When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. Comedies or cartoons have funny dialog and    67  (usual) have a happy ending. The characters may not be perfect, but they do   68    (them) best to solve the problems.   69  (after) watching them, I find the problems suddenly seem less serious and feel much better. Laughing for two hours is a good way   70__     (relax)!

     I don’t watch dramas or documentaries when I’m sad or tired. Dramas make me feel even  71   (sad). Documentaries   72   (provide) plenty of information about a certain subject, but when I’m tired I don’t want to think too much. I don’t mind action movies when I’m too tired to think. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy   73  (watch) an exciting superhero.

Once in a while, I like to watch scary   74  (movie). They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone, so I always bring my brother. He   67   (are) afraid of these kinds of movies, and I don’t feel so scared with him.

【主旨大意】本文是记叙文。作者根据自己不同的心情，而选择观看不同种类的电影。

【解析】

66. one   根据后文中different kind可知，此处表示“一种电影”来做对比，应用基数词one表示数目。

67. usually  根据后面的动词have可知此处应用usual的副词形式来修饰，表示“通常地”。

68. their   do one’s best to do …表示“尽力做某事”，此处应把人称代词变为物主代词。

69. After   after是连词，意为“在……之后”，引导时间状语。注意after的首字母要大写。

70. to relax  a good way to do…表示“做某事的一种好方法”，动词不定式作后置定语。

71. sadder   even可以用在形容词比较级前面，表示“甚至；更”。

72. provide  动词provide意为“提供”，此句是一般现在时，主语是复数名词，故用原形。

73. watching    enjoy doing sth.  表示“喜欢做某事”。

74. movies    根据后句They can be fun.的主语they，可知此处用movie的复数形式。

75. isn’t      根据上下文句意及主语he可知此处用isn’t.