2024永州高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题含答案

永州市2024年高考第一次模拟考试

英语

注意事项：

1．本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

3．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt？

A.£19.15.

B.£9.18.

C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1. What is the man looking for?

A.Ajob.

B.An advertisement.

C.A newspaper.

2. How much will the woman pay for the glasses?

A.$40.

B.$100.

C.$380.

3. Where are the speakers going?

A.To a park.

B.To a bank.

C.To a shopping mall.

4. How does the woman feel about the exam?

A.Optimistic.

B.Depressed.

C. Encouraged.

5. What does the man mean?

A.He likes darkness.

B.He is going blind.

C.He can't stand the strong light.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What are the speakers going to do tonight?

A.Dinner out.

B.Do sports.

C.Go for a party.

7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A.Boss and secretary.

B.Husband and wife.

C.Hostess and guest.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. What does the woman show the man?

A.Her visa.

B.Her passport.

C.Her ID card.

9. What will the woman do with her luggage?

A. Check it in.

B.Make it lighter.

C.Take it with her.

听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。

10.Why does the woman go to see the man?

A.To ask for a higher pay.

B.To report her achievements.

C. To inform him of her new job.

11.How is the business of the company?

A.Worse than before.

B.Better than before.

C.As good as before.

12.Which of the following is the reason for the woman's requirement?

A.Her financial pressure.

B. The current economic situation.

C.Her contributions to the company.

13.What happened to the woman in the end?

A.She was scolded by the man.

B.She got what she had wanted.

C.She lost her job after the talk.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Where does the conversation take place?

A. On a college campus.

B.In an accounting firm.

C.On a plane.

15.By what time did Mike plan to finish his term paper?

A.February.

B.July.

C.November.

16.Why did Mike quit his part-time job?

A.He got tired of the job.

B.He was offered a better one.

C.He should focus on his paper.

17.What did Jessica advise Mike to do?

A.To quit his part-time job.

B.To balance his needs and wants.

C.To do more physical exercises.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Which of the following is a feature of a hit song?

A.Being easy to remember.

B.Having an unpleasant tune.

C.Being released in an album.

19.Who is a folk singer?

A.Taylor Swift.

B.Skrillex.

C.Bob Dylan.

20.What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A.Popular albums.

B.Pop music.

C.Popular artists.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。

A

There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe:

On the Heavens(about 350 BC)by Aristalle

Aristotle proposed a geocentric（以地球为中心的）model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated（支配）intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution.

The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus

In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony.

The Mechanism of the Heavens(1831)by Mary Somerville

Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion（天体运动）.It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step.

21,What can we learn about the book On the Heavens?

A.It is banned from printing.

B. It mainly focuses on philosophy.

C.It is used by many schools today.

D.It has proven almost completely wrong.

22.What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common?

A.They revealed the truth of the universe.

B. They are master works of the same era.

C.They explored the center of the universe.

D.They regard the universe as an integrated system.

23.Which book brings more motivation to women in science?

A. On the Heavens.

B. Physical Geography.

C.The Mechanism of the Heavens.

D.The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres.

B

Sports is one of the purest concepts developed. For some, sports is a hobby, others an escape, but for Jason Hills, Post Media Edmonton part-time writer, sports is everything.

At a young age, watching countless hours of sports allowed Hills to process and develop an escape to deal with the childhood painful experience of losing both his parents in a car accident. With so much inside his head, sports provided him with the outlet that millions of people employ daily: being enveloped into “the game.”

Later, as Hills grew into a young man, he began to become involved with school sports. As Hills began to play, the concept of being involved with a university team came into a dream.

Following high school graduation, Hills realized that university athletics might not be in the cards, but was still very determined to have sports play a major role in his life. So he attended Lethbridge College for its Journalism Diploma program. Since then, Hills has been a major component of university athletics coverage in Edmonton for over 10 years. Spending long hours travelling to back and forth across the North Saskatchewan River covering all the postsecondary teams, Hills is Postmedia's go-to reporter in Edmonton for everything amateur sports.

Hills is a story teller. Though his articles include features，game recaps（简报）and series previews, all of his work showcases university student-athletes like no one else in the City of Edmonton. Hills stands out and stands above many, with an extraordinary ability to capture the athletes＇ true voice. By putting himself in their shoes，Hills empathizes（有同感）with the student-athletes by telling their story, bringing a truly human element to the piece.

"My grandma told me when I was young, No matter what you do in life, just do what makes you happy, '"Hills recalls." This type of job and this type of career, you’re not going to make millions in it. You have to do it because you love it and because you're passionate about it."

24.Why did Hills regard sports as an escape in his childhood?

A. To relieve his pain.

B. To kill boring time.

C.To recover from bad health.

D. To avoid pressure from his parents.

25.What inspired Hills to enter journalism?

A.His love for journalism from childhood.

B. His great achievements in the university team.

C.His determination to become a well-known sports journalist.

D.His passion for sports and hopelessness of entering the university athletics.

26.What is a distinguished feature of Hills' articles?

A.Focusing on the comments of the game.

B.Telling the childhood stories of athletes.

C.Reflecting the uniqueness of college student athletes.

D.Bringing his own life experiences into them.

27.Which of the following can best describe Hills?

A.Generous.

C.Artistic.

B.Strong-willed.

D. Knowledgeable.

C

The blanket of pollution resulting from carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels is already warming the planet and causing more extreme weather disasters. One way to keep climate change from getting worse is to take some of those historic emissions out of the atmosphere. More than 200 scientists have signed onto a letter pushing for "responsible" research into ways to trap planet-heating carbon dioxide in the world's oceans.

Oceans already do that for us, absorbing and holding around 50 times more carbon than the atmosphere. What if humans could supercharge that ability? That's what scientists want to better understand, along with any side effects that might come with messing with the chemistry of our oceans． Startups are already developing new technologies to sequester（隔绝）more CO2 in the sea. But there's still a lot we don't know about what impact that might have or what strategies might be most successful, the letter says.

These are all pretty early efforts, and hacking the high seas is no replacement for preventing greenhouse gas emissions from accumulating in the atmosphere by getting rid of fossil fuels. Some environmental advocates are also worried about new CO2-filtering technologies harming marine life.

The letter today calls for controlled field trials to evaluate carbon removal strategies, along with a third-party review of the results. There also need to be safety measures in place to address any “unintended or harmful consequences" and inclusive policies to engage different stakeholders（利益相关者）.Some big names in climate and environmental sciences have signed on.

“I have seen these massive declines in ocean health...Doing nothing is unethical（不道德的） essentially," says Débora, Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology department chair at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who signed the letter released today. When it comes to studying new ways to use oceans to tackle climate change, she says,"  We need to at least figure out the risks and the benefits, see whether we can help resolve the problem we have created."

28.What is the letter aimed at?

A.Preventing carbon dioxide emissions.

B.Advocating a fossil-fuel-free lifestyle.

C.Promoting the heating of carbon dioxide.

D.Pushing for carbon removal technologies.

29.What can be inferred from the previous efforts?

A.The most effective way to trap CO2 has been found.

B.Hacking the high seas can replace getting rid of fossil fuels.

C.The technology has caused severe side effects messing the oceans.

D.New technologies for trapping CO2 in the sea are already available.

30. What does the letter demand according to paragraph 4?

A.Make polices for target groups.

B.Prepare safety measures in advance.

C.Review the results from three aspects.

D.Evaluate side effects with uncontrolled trials.

31.What is Débora's attitude toward the studies of new ways?

A. Unclear.

B.Approving.

C.Dismissive.

C. Doubtful.

D

You may not realize that your brain is consuming energy almost all the time. Paying attention, decision-making, empathy, even meditation consume mental resources. You can't think much at all-or laugh, or respond to danger, or dream about the future, or even remember where you put the car keys-without mental energy.

Despite its essential status，mental energy is a missing factor in most accounts of psychic（心理的）operations.

It‘s not even clear what mental energy is.  One model sees it as one part mood state, one part cognition, and one part motivation. There's no agreed-upon measure of or method for assessing mental energy.

Whatever mental energy turns out to be, one thing is clear: it’s something people want more of. Perhaps because we live in disquieting times that we struggle to make sense of even decisions about what to put in the garbage bring us face-to-face with existential threats-there are continuous demands on mental energy. Or maybe it's just the price of having a big cerebral cortex（大脑皮层）in a time of information overload.

There are known ways of maintaining mental energy. Most accessible, perhaps, is the careful use of whatever mental energy individuals already have. Habits help conserve mental energy. They obviate the need to make any number of decisions so as to maintain mental energy. Good habits are even better; they additionally prevent the need to expend energy on mopping up the damage done by bad habits.

It's also possible to generate mental energy from within by a technique known as mental contrasting. New York University psychologist Gabriele Oettingen developed mental contrasting as a way to use the energy necessary to turn goals into achievements. The technique requires imagining a future you want to attain-writing a book, say-and the best outcome of that desired goal-feelings of accomplishment and pride. The critical part is then avoiding pure fantasy by contrasting your wishes with the reality of the work necessary to attain them. The judgments people then make about how likely they are to attain the desired future are starting working, and the energy mobilization（能量调动）can be measured physically in tests of hand-grip strength（握力）.Further，Oettingen finds，mental contrasting gives rise to a universal arousal state in which energy is transferrable to mental tasks wholly unrelated to the fantasy that birthed it.

32.What do we know about mental energy?

A.It's clear that people desire more of mental energy.

B. Most threats and struggles can be addressed with mental energy.

C. It is a model with parts including mood state, cognition, and motivation.

D. Most accounts of psychic operations describe mental energy as a main factor.

33. What does the underlined word "obviate" in paragraph 4 mean?

A.Meet.

B.Remove.

C.Increase.

D.Provide.

34. How does mental contrasting help generate mental energy?

A. By turning goals into achievements.

B.By transferring your energy to mental tasks.

C.By picturing your desired goal and its outcome.

D. By fantasizing about your accomplishments.

35.Which would be the best title for the text?

A.The making of mental energy.

B.The functions of mental energy.

C.Habits, good keepers of mental energy.

D. Mental contrasts, sources of mental energy.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to practise emotional awareness?

What is emotional awareness? Emotional awareness is being able to identify and make sense of not only our own emotions but those of others. It's absolutely essential in understanding our behaviors and changing our way of dealing with the problems. With emotional awareness, we can understand how this influences our behaviors. 36

Of course, describing exactly how we feel can often prove difficult. 37 It's not always easy to put a finger on exactly what's wrong, without digging a little deeper. This is often because on some level we don't want to know how we really feel.

38 Unhealthy thoughts, behaviors and coping mechanisms that are hidden from our view. Perhaps you lash out（猛击）or withdraw when you feel overwhelmed or go into a flood of criticism and self-doubt when you receive negative feedback.

Mindfulness is the process of bringing our attention to the present moment and becoming more aware of our thoughts. It's a state of calm, non-judgmental reflection. 39 We can quiet the mental chatter that often accompanies difficult emotions and instead sit with the physical sensation of the emotion in our body. Doing this regularly allows us to be more aware of the source of our emotions and enables us to carry out strategies to manage them more effectively.

Self-reflection develops emotional awareness and is key to understanding why you feel the way you do. Activities such as journaling can be really beneficial in learning about your thought processes. 40 It can be difficult to feel heard by others if we don't have the language to describe how we're feeling.

A.And in turn,change the way we respond to challenging situations.

B. Without emotional awareness, we may develop emotional blind spots.

C.It's the very reason we turn to general phrases like "I'm not myself today”.

D.Sometimes what we really struggle with is putting our emotions into words.

E.There are many ways to be mindful, from practising breathwork to sitting in silence.

F.And for many of us, that means understanding how we feel and why can be incredibly difficult.

G.Research shows that being aware of your emotions is hugely beneficial to social and emotional functioning.

第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

This fall marks an especially memorable time for one family celebrating three generations walking onto Carthage College together. Samantha Malczewski,19, the sophomore nursing student recalled. “It was really 41.I didn't expect it.” However, Carter aged 18, said she had a(n) 42 that their mom Amy Malczewski and grandmother Christy Schwan were interested in going back to school.

Calling herself "Carthage's biggest fan", Amy Malczewski  has a deep 43 to Carthage College.  “And Carthage has this amazing 44 for the master's degree in business and design, which is really 45 all the things that I love,"  said she.

Meanwhile, when Christy heard of her daughter's 46,she quickly realized they could  47 on the journey together. The 71-year-old              48 three years ago after working in employee benefits consulting.  Amy said,  “I think you ought to              49              it too." And I'm like, “OH, I think you're right, we should do this 50,”Christy recounted. “It's helped fill a(n) 51 space for me.”

As the four settle into classes and busy 52,the two sisters said they're 53 to accompany them to class, have this little study group, or get dinner together in the cafeteria," Carter said.

In a statement,  Carthage College 54 the family and their educational goals." Spanning three generations, this family reminds us of the power of 55learning,”the school said, "Age isn't a factor--we can all continue to learn.”

41.A.awkward

42.A.guess

43.A.discussion

44.A.program

45.A.in need of

46.A.role

47.A.take off

48.A.retired

49.A.delay

50.A.willingly

51.A.empty

52.A.roads

53.A.expecting

54.A.reflected

55.A.tough

B.surprising

B.lesson

B.invitation

B.test

B.in line with

B.power

B.set aside

B.complained

B.admit

B.heartily

B. important

B.schedules

B.motivating

B.mentioned

B.temporary

C.shameful

C. proposal

C.connection

C.reason

C.in return for

C. bet

C.take away

C.withdrawn

C.consider

C.apart

C.limited

C.gatherings

C.learning

C.applauded

C.basic

D.comforting

D.promise

D.innovation

D.routine

D.in advance of

D.plan

D.set out

D.followed

D.risk

D.together

D.narrow

D.journeys

D.pretending

D.understood

D.lifelong

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Roujiamo,also called rougamo, is one of the most popular Chinese snacks. Despite its 56(compare)to a hamburger, it carries far more geographical and historical meaning.

Roujiamo is 57(close) associated with the north-central city of Xi'an, in Shaanxi province. Since 202 BCE, Xi'an has been both the eastern terminal of the Silk Road and the capital for 13 more-or-less successive Chinese 58(dynasty).

Traditionally, Roujiamo mainly consists of two parts---the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparation used to make the filling for roujiamo dates back 59 the Warring States period. The introduction into China of Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in roujiamo, in general, 60(owe) to Ban Chao, a Chinese general who spent over 30 years battling 61 union of nomadic（游牧的）tribes to regain control of the farthest western reaches of China. The flatbread bun, called baijimo, takes its name from 62 is today known as Beiji township. There exist differences between the flatbreads used for different districts in Shaanxi. For example, the flatbread used for Tongguan roujiamo is unlike 63 used in the Xi'an style. Tongguan roujiamo, 64(name) after a town that, in days long past, guarded a strategic pass roughly 120km east of Xi'an.

Despite its tasty flavor, it's risky 65(eat) on the go. Proper roujiamo is filled to bursting,  regardless of the potential consequences for one's clothes and dry-cleaning budget.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，学校将于9月27日举行中秋节晚会，需要邀请外教Ryan组织本校交换生准备一个节目。作为晚会负责人，请你给外教Ryan写一封邮件，内容包括：

1．写信目的；

2．晚会时间及地点；

3．相关准备工作。

注意：

1．写作词数应为80个左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Ryan,

I'm Li Hua from Class 3.                                                  

Yours sincerely,

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My dad believed in responsibility! Independence! New experiences! He often used his fascinating stories of his youth to urge us children to fresh achievements.

One day he came home from work early and saw me watching a local TV show-Talent Sprouts, a daily contest for kids fourteen and under. Four performances filled the half hour from 5:00 to 5:30.You might watch anything from a violin solo to a magic show. At the end the performers were spot lighted, and KMTV's judges named a winner.

It didn't take Daddy long to look me in the eye.  “You should go on Talent Sprouts. You can play 'Ave Maria.' Think of it-an unforgettable experience to be on TV as an eleven-year-old!”  Before I argued， he had been already off on his story of the hilarious（滑稽的）glory of his performance. Thus, though I didn't want to, I agreed. Actually, I did know Schubert's "Ave Maria＂in a very easy version that used two hands to simplify those famous arpeggios（琶音）.I did have it memorized.

The next morning, I mailed my application with the required information. I had almost forgotten about it when the notice came for an audition time on a Saturday afternoon. Daddy said part of being independent and responsible was to go by myself. The bus went right by the KMTV studios.

So that Saturday I checked in at the desk and sat down to wait. I was soon called. The host of Talent Sprouts, Lew Jeffrey, and the musical director, Warren Rudd described the routine for the participants and told me I could begin to play my piano piece.

Into the eighth measure（小节）I noticed Warren Rudd nod to Lew Jeffrey. That gave me confidence, and I relaxed. Daddy was over the moon when I told him I had been assigned a day to perform less than two weeks away. Still, I had very little confidence in my talent. I knew I had an easy arrangement. I could never have played Schubert's original.

注意：

1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:When my Monday came, I again took the bus to KMTV alone and waited.

Paragraph 2:Somehow my brain went to work and I continued playing.