高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一Unit 2 Travelling Around 知识点讲解素材

Period 1 Listening and Speaking 1. applyvi.& vt. 申请；请求 vt. 应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)(1)apply sth. to sth. 将某物应用于某物apply oneself to 专心致志于；致力于apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物apply to do sth. 申请做某事be applied to 适用于；应用于；施加于apply for 申请；请求 (2)application n. 请求，申请，申请书；应用，运用 (3)applicant n. 申请人 例句(1)We should try to learn economic theory and apply it. 我们应努力学习经济理论并能应用。 (2)They may apply to join the organization. 他们可以申请加入该组织。 (3)Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art.现在研究人员正在将科学方法应用于艺术的普遍性研究中。 (4)Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.请用干净的布擦伤口，然后把药涂在伤口上。 2. rentvt. 租用；出租 vi. 租用；租金为 n. 租金rent sth. (out) to sb. 把某物租给某人 rent out 出租；租给 rent at/for sth. 租金为…… 例句(1)They found a little two-roomed flat to rent. 他们找到了一个出租的小两居室。 (2)The apartment rents for $500 a month.这套房间每月租金为500美元。 (3)They actually moved down from upstairs because the rent was that expensive. 他们确实从楼上搬到了楼下，因为房租太贵了。 (4)We rented the villa to an American couple. 我们将别墅出租给了一对美国夫妇。 3. packvi.& vt. 收拾(行李) vt. 包装 n. (商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包pack up 将(东西)装箱打包 a pack of 一包；一帮；一群 例句(1)I haven't packed my suitcase yet.我的行李箱还没收拾好呢。 (2)After dinner the customer packed up the remains on the table.饭后，顾客把桌子上的剩饭打包了。 (3)He used to smoke a pack of cigarettes a day.过去他常常一天抽一包烟。 4. amazingadj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的(1)amaze vt. 使吃惊 (2)amazed adj. 惊奇的；惊喜的be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇be amazed at/by ...  对……很惊奇 (3)amazement n. 惊讶(much) to one's amazement 令某人(非常)惊讶的是in amazement 惊讶地 例句(1)She was amazed at how calm she felt after the accident.她惊奇地发现事故后她感觉如此镇静。 (2)To my amazement, you have never heard of Michael Jackson.你竟然从来没有听说过迈克尔·杰克逊，我很惊讶。 (3)He looked at me in amazement, and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me.他惊愕地看着我，好像没有认出我来似的。 注意amazing指“令人吃惊的”，强调某人/某事物给他人的感受；而amazed表示本身的感觉，并不强调对他人的影响，多指“人感到吃惊的”，有时也可修饰look/expression/smile/tears/voice等词。 5. arrangementn. 安排；筹备(1)make arrangements for ... 为……安排好make arrangements to do sth. 安排做某事 (2)arrange vt. 筹备；安排；整理arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange for ... to do sth. 安排……做某事arrange that ... 商定……；安排…… 例句(1)The arrangement isn't comfortable for me. 这个安排对我来说不合适。 (2)She telephoned Ellen, but made no arrangements to see her. 她给埃伦打了电话，但没有约她见面。 (3)Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.父母为孩子们安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。 (4)I can't afford the time to go travelling with you. I have to make arrangements for my art exhibition next week.我没有时间跟你去旅游。我必须为下星期自己的艺术展做安排。  Period2 Reading and Thinking 1. recognisevt. 辨认出；承认；公认(1)recognise sb./one's voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音recognise sb./sth. by ...  通过……认出某人/某物be recognised to be/as 被认作……/被认为是It is recognised that ... 人们公认…… (2)recognition n. 认出；认识beyond recognition 认不出来 例句(1)Cellphones, which are now universally recognised as a must, have a great effect on us.手机，现在广泛地被认为是必需品，对我们有很大的影响。 (2)I recognised him by his red hair.我通过他的红头发认出了他。 (3)The school has been expanded beyond recognition.校园扩建得都认不出来了。 2. flightn. 空中航行；航班；航程(1)a flight of stairs 一段楼梯 (2)fly vi. 飞；飞行；time flies (saying) 时间过得真快；光阴似箭；时光飞逝  例句(1)If we leave now, I can catch the earlier flight.我们要是现在动身，我就可以赶上早一点的航班。 (2)We walked in silence up a flight of stairs and down a long corridor.我们默默地走上一段楼梯，穿过一个长长的走廊。 (3)The planes flew through the clouds.飞机穿越云层。 (4)Time has flown since the holiday began.假日一开始，时间就过得飞快。 3. other than除了……与than相关的其他短语：no more than 仅仅；不超过，至多no less than 多达rather than 而不是less than 少于，不超过 例句(1)To be honest, I don't know any French people other than you.诚实地说，除了你我不认识别的法国人。 (2)The little girl is no more than 4. However, she can play the piano.这个小女孩仅仅4岁，然而，她会弹钢琴。 (3)Motorways actually cover less than 0.1 percent of the countryside.农村地区高速公路的实际覆盖率不到0.1%。 4. admirevt. 赞美；钦佩(1)admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人 (2)admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕in admiration 钦佩地express/have admiration for ... 钦佩…… (3)admiring adj. 赞赏的；羡慕的 例句(1)You have to admire the way he handled the situation.你不得不佩服他处理这个局面的手段。 (2)Many people around the world admire China for its great contributions to the world peace.世界各地的许多人钦佩中国对世界和平所做的巨大贡献。 (3)I have great admiration for her as a writer.我十分钦佩她这位作家。 (4)She gave me one of her rare admiring looks. 她以难得一见的赞赏目光看了我一眼。 5. transportn. (especially BrE)交通运输系统 (NAmE usually transportation) vt. 运输；运送transport ... from ... to ...  把……从……运输到…… transport ... to ... 使产生身临其境的感觉  例句(1)The railways play an important role in the transport system. 在运输系统中铁路起着重要作用。 (2)The book transports you to another world.这本书会把你带到另一个世界。 (3)A special bus transported the tourists from the airport to a hotel.一辆专车把游客们从机场送到一家旅馆。  Period 3 Listening and Talking 1. check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记(1)check vt. 检查check sth. (for sth.) 检查；审查；核查；检验 check (with) 查明；查看；核实；弄确实check on sb./sth. 核实，检查(是否一切正常)  (2)check out (经检查)得到证实，获得证明 check out (of) 结账离开(旅馆等)；检查check sth. out (从图书馆等)借出 例句(1)I'll ring the hotel. I'll tell them we'll check in tomorrow.我来给旅馆打电话，通知他们我们明天入住。 (2)I was disappointed to miss Bryan, who had just checked out. 我非常失望没有见着布赖恩，他刚退房走了。 (3)The local police found her story didn't check out.当地警方证实她的说法不成立。 (4)He decided to check on things at the warehouse. 他决定去仓库查看一下。 2. requestn．& v. 请求；要求(1)make a request for 请求；要求make a request that ... 要求……at the request of sb. 应某人的要求 (2)request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事request that ... (should) do ... 请求/要求……做某事It is requested that ...  (should) do要求…… 例句(1)She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death.她要求社区在她死后把它变成一个博物馆。 (2)If you want to apply for membership, you are requested to fill in the application.如果你想申请成为队员，你需要填申请表。 (3)It is requested that all club members (should) attend the annual meeting.俱乐部全体成员都被要求出席年会。 (4)I made a request that the students (should) be well prepared for the exam.我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。 3. viewn. 视野；景色；看法(1)in view 在视线范围内；在考虑之中out of view 不在视野中have/get a good/bad view of 看得清/看不清come into view 映入眼帘 (2)in one's view 在某人看来one's view(s) on/about sth. 某人关于某事的看法/见解take the view that 持有……的观点(that引导同位语从句)in view of ... 鉴于，考虑到，由于point of view 观点，看法 例句(1)The view from the top of the tower was spectacular.从塔顶远眺景色蔚为壮观。 (2)The lake came into view as we turned the corner.我们转过弯就看见了那个湖。 (3)Stand on the top of the building, and you will have a good view of the city.站在这座楼的楼顶，你会看清这个城市。 (4)In my view, it was a waste of time.在我看来，这是浪费时间。 (5)In view of the weather, the event will be held indoors.考虑到天气状况，这项比赛将在室内进行。 辨析view：指从某处所看到的风景或景色。You can have a good view of the river from this tower. 从这个塔上你可以看清那条河。 sight：指视线范围内的景象或情景，用复数时多指用于观光的名胜。We are going to Paris to see the sights. 我们打算去巴黎参观名胜。 scenery：意为“风景，景色”，为集合名词，不是指个别的风景，而是由多个scene构成的总的自然景色或风景。The region is well-known for its scenery. 这个地区以其风景而著名。 scene：指一眼可见全貌的景色或场面，不限于自然风景，也常指戏剧、电影、小说等的场景。Their parting was a sad scene. 他们分离的场面很伤感。   Grammar“将来时”的表达法 一、现在进行时表示将来的用法(一)当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图或为将来安排好的活动时，常见的用现在进行时表将来的动作的动词有：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, meet, get, fly, take, take off等位移动词Betty is leaving for Guangzhou by plane at 3：00 this afternoon.贝蒂今天下午3点将乘飞机去广州。 When are you starting off?你什么时候动身？ (二)非位移动词的进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do, buy, meet, have, play, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。The young man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。 I am publishing a book this year.我打算今年出一本书。 What are you doing next Sunday?下周日你打算干什么？ 二、将来时的其他表达法1．will/shall do表示单纯的将来时，是对未来事情发生的一种“预见性”。Mr Black will leave for Shanghai next week.布莱克先生下周要到上海去。 I will/shall be in Paris this time tomorrow.明天这个时候我就在巴黎了。 2．be going to do表示打算最近或将来要做的事情；还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆“预测”不久即将发生的事情。Look！It is going to rain.看！要下雨了。 3．be to do表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作；表示注定会发生的动作；表示命令、禁止、可能性等。You are to be back by 10 o'clock in the evening.你必须在晚上十点之前回来。 His plan is to be a failure.他的计划注定要失败。 4．be about to do表示就要/正要做，指眼前的将来，常用于“be about to do ... when ... ”句型，意为“正要做……这时……”。We are about to start.我们就要出发了。 I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。 5．一般现在时表示将来，有两种情况。(1)常用于表示按计划、按规定或是按时刻表将进行的未来动作，仅限于一些位移动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin等The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天早上六点开。 When does the bus start?公共汽车什么时候开？ (2)用于时间和条件状语从句中。If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 Wherever you go, you should work hard.无论你去哪儿，都要努力工作。   Period 4 Reading for Writing  1. sightn. 景象；视野；视力in sight 看得见 out of sight 看不见 be in sight of ... 在看得见……的地方 in the sight of sb./in sb.'s sight 从某人的观点看来；在某人看来 lose sight of sb./sth. 再也见不着；忽略；忘记 at first sight 一看；初看时 例句(1)We're going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights.我们打算去巴黎过周末，参观那里的风景。 (2)The disease has affected her sight.这种病影响了她的视力。 (3)We were in sight of land after three days' voyage. 经过三天的航行，我们已看见陆地。 (4)Keep it up! Final victory is in sight. 坚持下去！最后胜利已经在望了。 (5)We are all equal in the sight of God.在上帝眼里我们都是平等的。 (6)Tom met Mary at a party, and they fell in love at first sight. 汤姆在一次聚会上遇到玛丽，两人一见钟情。 2. Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.每尊雕像都有一个不用的面孔，这导致研究人员相信每个雕像都是一个真实的士兵的副本。句中leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier为现在分词短语作结果状语。 (1)现在分词作状语，其中的动词和主句的主语形成主谓关系，在句中可以充当时间、原因、方式、伴随、结果等状语。 (2)现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中的结果”，而不定式作结果状语常表示“出乎意料的结果”。 例句(1)Seeing Tom, I couldn't help thinking of his brother.看见汤姆，我不禁想到了他的哥哥。 (2)He lost his computer while shopping, giving away all his secret photos.他在购物时丢了电脑，结果泄露了所有的绝密照片。 (3)They reached the company out of breath, only to be told they were fired.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，不料被告知他们被开除了。 3. commentn. 议论，评论 vi.& vt.表达意见；评论(1)comment on/upon 对……作出评论comment that ... 评论…… (2)make a comment/comments on/about 对……作出评论no comment 无可奉告 例句(1)Have you got any comment to make about the cause of the disaster?你对发生灾难的原因有何评论？ (2)I don't feel I can comment on/upon their decision.我觉得我无法对他们的决定作出评论。 (3)He commented that this novel was a masterpiece of American literature.他评论说这部小说是美国文学中的杰作。 注意comment用作及物动词时，其宾语通常只能是that从句，一般不能是名词或代词，若语义上需要接名词或代词作宾语，则通常用 comment on/upon sth.结构。   Writing关于旅游计划的电子邮件 技法指导    本单元的写作任务是应用文类别中的“电子邮件”。电子邮件的格式和普通信件一样，通常包括五部分，即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名。高考中邮件的信头通常不用写出，只需写出其他部分即可。其中，邮件的正文是重中之重。 一、基本结构介绍旅游计划的电子邮件内容一般包括以下几部分内容：1．第一部分——旅游目的地和出行时间；2．第二部分——选择目的地的原因；3．第三部分——旅行中的活动安排。(还可以写关于旅游费用、同行者等内容。) 二、注意事项1．写作文体：电子邮件属于应用文，但高考中一般都会给出电子邮件的格式。2．主体时态：文章通常以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，也可以根据需要适当使用其他时态。3．主体人称：主要为第一人称和第二人称。 经典句式一、开头常用语1．I'm writing to tell you something about my plans for the coming summer holidays.我写信是想告诉你关于我接下来的暑假的计划。 2．I have an exciting travelling plan to share with you.我想和你分享一个令人兴奋的旅行计划。 二、正文常用语1．It is scheduled to take place on  ... 计划在…… 2．I prefer to go to ... because ... 我更想去……因为…… 3．First, I'm going to ... 首先，我打算…… 4．I plan to go to ... 我计划去…… 5．The trip will last X days.旅行将持续X天。 6．The X－day trip costs about ... 为期X天的旅行大概花费…… 7．I think this trip sounds really exciting.我觉得这次旅行听起来很让人兴奋。 三、结尾常用语1．Looking forward to hearing from you.期待收到你的来信。 2．Looking forward to your early reply.期待你尽快回复。 3．Do you have any advice?你有什么建议吗？ 4．Would you like to join me?你想和我一起去吗？ 5．We will have a great time. 我们会玩得很开心。 典例演练假定你是李华，你打算和妈妈一起去度假。请给你的英国笔友John写一封电子邮件，告诉他你们的度假方案并征求意见。内容包括：1．出行时间；2．目的地及选择此处的原因；3．拟定的活动安排；4．费用问题。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文Dear John，    I've looked at several possible places where I can go on holiday together with my mom. We prefer to go to the South Island in New Zealand because both of us have never been there before. We can explore the forests and walk along the beach, enjoying the natural beauty. We also plan to taste the traditional food.    We plan to take the trip during the first week of October. The 7－day trip costs about 7,000 yuan per person. But my mom only wants to spend 3,000 yuan for each. Anyhow, I think this trip sounds really exciting and my mom likes it very much! Should we book it? Any advice? Please let me know.Yours sincerely，Li Hua 总评    本文用简洁明快的语言覆盖了试题中要求表达的所有信息。同时语言表达灵活，内容连贯，条理清楚；灵活地使用了连接词和过渡语。全文体现了作者较强的语言运用能力。 亮点呈现(1)本文应用了较丰富的语法结构：定语从句where I can go on holiday together with my mom的使用，非谓语动词enjoying的使用等。 (2)较多的高级词汇及短语，如：prefer to, explore, natural beauty, taste, sound等。