高考英语一轮（新课标通用）训练检测：专题三阅读理解 考点二十一　说理议论类 Word版含解析

这是一份高考英语一轮（新课标通用）训练检测：专题三阅读理解 考点二十一　说理议论类 Word版含解析，共20页。

A
限时7分钟
I recently came in cntact with celebrity magazines． My family isn't ne t give mney fr pictures f skinny, drunk celebrities with paragraphs abut their relatinships and shpping cart times． Thus, I was excited t finally get a chance t read abut ther peple's attractive yet trubled lives．
Right away I nticed hw each magazine seemed t be a cpy f the ther． They had headlines and pictures that were almst the same． Still, the pictures f perfectly cnstructed faces with cute designer utfits ging n with their daily lives made me read n．
Wait, celebrities taking their dgs fr a walk? Spending an afternn at a park? All f these things seemed s rdinary—things my wn family and I d tgether ften． I suddenly realized hw unextrardinary the peple in these magazines were． They are simply nrmal peple wh happen t have a cl jb and much mney． Fr sme reasn, pictures f them ding things like buying milk at the stre appeal t millins f readers． Then, when these regular peple mess up, their mistakes are painted nt hundreds f newspapers and Internet sites．
What if every time we made a mistake, it was made public? Have yu ever failed a test? Imagine seeing pictures f yu n the frnt f a newspaper with headlines like, “Regular Schling Isn't Enugh”． Yu'd be embarrassed． Nw, I'm nt necessarily taking the celebrity's side． I'm mre realizing the fact that these peple we are crazy abut are just rdinary human beings with many phtgraphs fllwing them arund． Rle mdels? I'd think nt． Persnally, I'd rather lk up t peple in any cmmunity wh have accmplished a lt instead f an rdinary persn walking his dg in Berverly Hills．
1．What d we knw abut the authr's family?
A．They admire celebrities very much．
B．They ften buy celebrity magazines．
C．They are nt interested in celebrities．
D．They are curius abut the life f celebrities．
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可推知，作者家人对名人的八卦新闻不感兴趣，故选C。
2．What des the authr think f celebrities?
A．They live a happy life．
B．They seldm d usual things．
C．They deserve peple's admiratin．
D．They are just rdinary peple like us．
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第四、五句可知，作者突然明白，名人都是些普通人，只不过他们从事着看似光鲜、收入丰厚的工作，故选D。
3．Wh is mst likely t be the authr's rle mdel?
A．Celebrities wh live an rdinary life．
B．Cmmn peple wh d great things．
C．Extrardinary peple wh accmplish a lt．
D．Peple wh make great cntributins t cmmunities．
答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者更喜欢以那些虽生活在社区里，但能做出不平凡事情的普通人为榜样，而不是那些虽生活在Berverly Hills而事实上很平庸的人，结合选项可知选B。
4．What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T describe the actual life f celebrities．
B．T ask us t be realistic abut thers' mistakes．
C．T shw peple's different attitudes twards celebrities．
D．T advise us t have a right attitude twards celebrities．
答案：D 推理判断题。根据本文可知，在作者看来名人只不过是受大家关注的普通人，我们需要以正确的态度去看待他们，故选D。
B
限时8分钟
In a wrld with limited land, water and ther natural resurces, the harm frm the traditinal business mdel is n the rise． Actually, the past decade has seen mre and mre frests disappearing and the glbe becming increasingly warm． Peple nw realize that this unhealthy situatin must be changed, and that we must be able t develp in sustainable (可持续的) ways． That means grwth with lw carbn r develpment f sustainable prducts． In ther wrds, we shuld keep the earth healthy while using its supply f natural resurces．
Tday, sustainable develpment is a prper trend in many cuntries． Accrding t a recent study, the glbal market fr lwcarbn energy will becme three times bigger ver the next decade． China, fr example, has set its mind n leading that market, hping t seize chances in the new rund f the glbal energy revlutin． It is nw trying hard t make full use f wind and slar energy, and is spending a huge amunt f mney making electric cars and highspeed trains． In additin, we are als seeing great grwth in the glbal markets fr sustainable prducts such as palm il (棕榈油), which is prduced withut cutting dwn valuable rainfrest． In recent years the markets fr sustainable prducts have grwn by mre than 50%．
Gvernments can fully develp the ptential f these new markets． First, they can set high targets fr reducing carbn emissins (排放) and targets fr saving and reusing energy． Besides, strnger arrangement f public resurces like frests can als help t speed up the develpment． Finally, gvernments can avid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrng directin, and redirecting sme f thse expenses can accelerate the change frm the traditinal mdel t a sustainable ne．
The majr challenge f this century is t find ways t meet the needs f a grwing ppulatin within the limits f this single planet． That is n small task, but it ffers abundant new chances fr sustainable prduct industries．
5．Accrding t Paragraph 1, we cannt infer that the traditinal business mdel ________．
A．makes the wrld warmer
B．makes grwth hard t cntinue
C．brings severe damage t frests
D．cnsumes natural resurces
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“mre and mre frests disappearing and the glbe becming increasingly warm”可排除A、C两项；根据第一段倒数第三句“Peple nw realize that this unhealthy ．．． in sustainable (可持续的) ways．”可知，传统的商业模式不能确保可持续发展，因此要改变传统的发展模式，故排除B项。故D项符合题意。
6．What can we infer frm Paragraph 2?
A．Highspeed trains are a lwcarbn develpment．
B．China is the leader f the lwcarbn market．
C．China lacks wind and slar energy．
D．Palm il is made at the cst f valuable frests．
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句和第四句中的“and is spending a huge amunt f mney making electric cars and highspeed trains”可知，高铁属于低碳的发展模式。故A项正确。
7．T fully develp the lwcarbn markets, gvernment can ________．
A．cut public expenses
B．encurage energy cnservatin
C．develp public resurces
D．frbid carbn emissin
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“and targets fr saving and reusing energy”可知，为了充分开发低碳市场，政府可以鼓励节约和循环利用能源。故B项正确。
8．We can learn frm the last paragraph that businesses have many chances t ________．
A．make full use f natural resurces
B．explre new natural resurces
C．develp sustainable prducts
D．deal with the majr challenge
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尾句中的“it ffers abundant new chances fr sustainable prduct industries”可知，C项正确。
C
限时8分钟
T Friend r Nt t Friend
We all lve ur parents and turn t them when we're in need, but wuld yu like them t hear the cnversatins yu have with yur friends n the schl playgrund r lunch queue? Scial netwrking sites have becme extensins f the schl hallways, s wuld yu add yur parents as “friends” and allw them t view yur nline activities and cnversatins with friends?
In the past the generatin gap included a technlgy gap, where children were up t date with latest technlgy and parents were left behind, cntent t cntinue their daytday lives as they always had because they had n need t knw mre abut technlgy． Hwever, mre and mre parents are beginning t realize just hw imprtant scial netwrks are in their lives． This realizatin has given many parents the mtivatin t educate themselves abut scial netwrking sites．
These days many peple are attracted t scial netwrking sites because they can chse wh they have arund them; there's als a certain amunt f cntrl ver privacy that we dn't get in real life． Smetimes we feel that privacy is vilated when we must accept a “friend” request frm a parent r family member．
It's a difficult chice whether r nt t allw a parent t becme a part f ur nline lives． On the ne hand we dn't want t “reject” their request because that might hurt their feelings r make them feel yu have smething t hide． On the ther hand if yu d accept, then yu culd have a sense f being watched and n lnger feel free t cmment r cmmunicate the way yu did befre．
A recent survey suggested that parents shuldn't take it persnally if their child ignres their request, “When a teen ignres a parent's friend request, it desn't necessarily mean that they are hiding smething, but it culd mean that this is ne part f their life where they want t be independent．”
Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanatins wuld help sften the blw if yu d chse nt t add them t yur friends list．
9．Frm Paragraph 2, we learn that ________．
A．parents feel secure abut their privacy nline
B．scial netwrks successfully fill the generatin gap
C．parents have realized the imprtance f scial netwrks
D．scial netwrks ffer a platfrm fr parents t cmmunicate
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段后两句可知，父母已经意识到社交网络的重要性。故选C。
10．Teenagers may refuse a parent's friend request because ________．
A．they hide smething frm their parents
B．they are unwilling t be watched by parents
C．their parents tend t fall behind technlgy
D．their parents make negative cmments n them
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，青少年可能会拒绝父母加好友的请求，因为他们不愿意被父母监视着自己的一举一动。故选B。
11．The passage is mainly abut ________．
A．privacy nline B．scial netwrks
C．the generatin gap D．parents' friend requests
答案：D 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文主要讲了现在很多父母进入社交网站，希望加孩子为好友，但是这样的要求往往被孩子拒绝，分析了其中的原因，并进一步对孩子们提出忠告。故选D。
12．The passage is written mainly fr ________．
A．parents B．teenagers
C．teachers D．researchers
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“We all lve ur parents and turn t them when we're in need”以及最后一段给青少年的建议可知，本文的写作对象是广大青少年。故选B。
D
限时8分钟
When asked t identify the qualities that lead t success in life, experts ften list the ability t vercme bstacles． Getting ver the difficulties, thrugh determinatin and persistence, is the characteristic f the greatest leaders, the mst successful parents and the mst prized emplyees． Thse wh make n excuses, wh d whatever it takes t get smething dne, are the nes wh have the capacity t achieve greatness．
In educatin, we fcus a lt n meeting ur students' needs． It's ur jb t teach them． But t truly help them be successful, we urselves have t have the “n excuses” attitude． The prblem is that by allwing urselves n excuses, and ding whatever it takes t make students successful, we ften find urselves accepting excuses frm them． Students dn't cmplete an assignment, and we give them a secnd chance． A test is failed and we prvide a chance t retake it, r d test crrectins fr extra credit．
But there's always a reasn fr a child's behavir． It's imprtant t understand the reasn, but it's equally imprtant t remember that a reasn is nt an excuse．
There's a girl in my class with terrible handwriting． “Maybe if I had a mther wh had taught me that, I wuld have better handwriting！” she says． She has been in and ut f fster care (寄养照管) fr years． She has an explanatin fr her bad handwriting, but when des it becme an excuse that reduces her ability t cmmunicate fr the rest f her life?
We must understand the kids and wrk t find ways fr them t succeed． Simultaneusly (同时), we must draw lines, set limits, shw them the difference between right and wrng． The real wrk is figuring ut when we stp letting reasns be excuses, and start t teach kids abut taking respnsibility fr themselves．
Maybe there is failure n the path t success． Smetimes a child has t fail in rder t discver the line that he cannt crss．
13．The example f the girl in Paragraph 4 shws that ________．
A．children can't tell a reasn frm an excuse
B．children need t imprve their ability t cmmunicate
C．children's behavir is greatly affected by their parents
D．children have reasnable explanatins fr their behavir
答案：A 推理判断题。结合第三段尾句中的“but it's equally imprtant t remember that a reasn is nt an excuse”可知，原因不等于借口，女孩的例子正是说明了孩子们往往无法辨别借口和原因，故选A。
14．What is a teacher's real wrk in the authr's pinin?
A．T shw kids the difference between right and wrng．
B．T help kids becme respnsible fr themselves．
C．T set specific limits t the behavir f kids．
D．T meet the needs f different kids．
答案：B 细节理解题。从倒数第二段最后一句可知，一个教师真正的工作是弄清楚什么时候不再让理由变成借口，并开始教孩子们要对他们自己的言行负责，故选B。
15．What des the authr try t express in the last paragraph?
A．Children shuld try t avid failure．
B．Failure may benefit children in the lng run．
C．Children shuld be careful n their way t success．
D．Failure is easy t cnquer if children are cnfident．
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句“Smetimes a child has t fail in rder t discver the line that he cannt crss．”可以推断，从长远来看，让孩子经历失败并不一定是坏事，孩子们能从中受益，故选B。
16．The passage is prbably written by ________．
A．a wrking parent B．a cllege student
C．an experienced teacher D．a newspaper reprter
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“In educatin, we fcus a lt n meeting ur students' needs． It's ur jb t teach them．”以及第四段首句“There's a girl in my class with terrible handwriting．”可推知，这篇文章很可能是由一个有经验的教师写的。
A
限时15分钟
(2018·北京高考)
Preparing Cities fr Rbt Cars
The pssibility f selfdriving rbt cars has ften seemed like a futurist's dream, years away frm materializing in the real wrld． Well, the future is apparently nw． The Califrnia Department f Mtr Vehicles began giving permits in April fr cmpanies t test truly selfdriving cars n public rads． The state als cleared the way fr cmpanies t sell r rent ut selfdriving cars, and fr cmpanies t perate driverless taxi services． Califrnia, it shuld be nted, isn't leading the way here． Cmpanies have been testing their vehicles in cities acrss the cuntry． It's hard t predict when driverless cars will be everywhere n ur rads． But hwever lng it takes, the technlgy has the ptential t change ur transprtatin systems and ur cities, fr better r fr wrse, depending n hw the transfrmatin is regulated．
While much f the debate s far has been fcused n the safety f driverless cars (and rightfully s), plicymakers als shuld be talking abut hw selfdriving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissins (排放) and ffer mre cnvenient, affrdable mbility ptins． The arrival f driverless vehicles is a chance t make sure that thse vehicles are envirnmentally friendly and mre shared．
D we want t cpy—r even wrsen—the traffic f tday with driverless cars? Imagine a future where mst adults wn individual selfdriving vehicles． They tlerate lng, slw jurneys t and frm wrk n packed highways because they can wrk, entertain themselves r sleep n the ride, which encurages urban spread． They take their driverless car t an appintment and set the empty vehicle t circle the building t avid paying fr parking． Instead f walking a few blcks t pick up a child r the dry cleaning, they send the selfdriving minibus． The cnvenience even leads fewer peple t take public transprt—an unwelcme side effect researchers have already fund in ridehailing (叫车) services．
A study frm the University f Califrnia at Davis suggested that replacing petrlpwered private cars wrldwide with electric, selfdriving and shared systems culd reduce carbn emissins frm transprtatin 80% and cut the cst f transprtatin infrastructure (基础设施) and peratins 40% by 2050． Fewer emissins and cheaper travel sund pretty appealing． The first cmmercially available driverless cars will almst certainly be fielded by ridehailing services, cnsidering the cst f selfdriving technlgy as well as liability and maintenance issues (责任与维护问题)． But driverless car wnership culd increase as the prices drp and mre peple becme cmfrtable with the technlgy．
Plicymakers shuld start thinking nw abut hw t make sure the appearance f driverless vehicles desn't extend the wrst aspects f the carcntrlled transprtatin system we have tday． The cming technlgical advancement presents a chance fr cities and states t develp transprtatin systems designed t mve mre peple, and mre affrdably． The car f the future is cming． We just have t plan fr it．
1．Accrding t the authr, attentin shuld be paid t hw driverless cars can ________．
A．help deal with transprtatinrelated prblems
B．prvide better services t custmers
C．cause damage t ur envirnment
D．make sme peple lse jbs
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，尽管到目前为止，大多数争论都集中在无人驾驶汽车的安全性上(理应如此)，政策制定者们也应该讨论无人驾驶汽车如何能帮助缓解交通拥堵、减少尾气排放，并提供更方便、更实惠的交通选择。同时结合第三段第一句可推知，作者认为应该关注无人驾驶汽车能如何帮助处理跟交通有关的问题。故选A。
2．As fr driverless cars, what is the authr's majr cncern?
A．Safety． B．Side effects．
C．Affrdability． D．Management．
答案：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者认为政策制定者应开始思考如何保证无人驾驶汽车的出现不会扩大当今以汽车为主导的交通运输系统的最消极的一面，由此可推知，作者关心的是无人驾驶汽车的管理。故选D。
3．What des the underlined wrd “fielded” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Emplyed． B．Replaced．
C．Shared． D．Reduced．
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句可推知，目前无人驾驶汽车价格高昂，且大众对该技术的接受度低，再结合画线词所在句的含义可知，考虑到自动驾驶技术的成本以及责任和维护问题，可以猜测，叫车服务将使用首批商用无人驾驶汽车。由此可推知，field意为“使用”。故选A。
4．What is the authr's attitude t the future f selfdriving cars?
A．Dubtful． B．Psitive．
C．Disapprving． D．Sympathetic．
答案：B 观点态度题。根据第五段最后三句可知，即将到来的技术进步为城市和国家发展交通系统提供了机会，这种交通系统的目的是让更多的人能够更经济地出行。未来的汽车就要来了。我们只须为它做好计划。由此可推知，作者对无人驾驶汽车的未来持积极态度。故选B。
B
限时10分钟
⊕(2019·合肥市高三调研性测试)It's nt just kids wh are verding screen time． Parents are ften just as guilty f spending t much time checking smart phnes and emails． And the cnsequences fr their children can be trubling．
Dr Jenny Radesky is a pediatrician (儿科医生) specializing in child develpment． When she wrked at a clinic in a hightech Seattle neighbrhd, Radesky started nticing hw ften parents ignred their kids in favr f a mbile device． Radesky was s cncerned that she decided t study the behavir．
After relcating t Bstn Medical Center, she and tw ther researchers spent ne summer bserving 55 different grups f parents and yung children eating at fast fd restaurants． “Many f the caregivers pulled ut a mbile device right away，” she says． “They lked at it, scrlled n it and typed fr mst f the meal, nly putting it dwn ccasinally．”
This was nt a scientific study． Radesky is quick t pint ut． It was mre like anthrplgical (人类学的) bservatin, cmplete with detailed field ntes． Frty f the 55 parents used a mbile device during the meal, and many, she says, were mre absrbed in the device than in the kids．
Radesky says that's a big mistake, because facetface interactins are the primary way children learn． “They learn language, they learn abut their wn emtins, and they learn hw t regulate them，” she says． “They learn by watching us hw t have a cnversatin, and hw t read ther peple's facial expressins． And if that is nt happening, children are missing ut n imprtant develpment milestnes (里程碑)．”
In the research fr her bk, SteinerAdair interviewed 1,000 children between the ages f 4 and 18, asking them abut their parents' use f mbile devices． The language that came up ver and ver and ver again, she says, was “sad, mad, angry and lnely．” SteinerAdair says we dn't knw exactly hw much these mini mments f discnnectin between a parent and child affect the child in the lng term． But based n the stries she hears, SteinerAdair suggests that parents think twice befre picking up a mbile device when they're with their kids．
5．What did Dr Jenny Radesky find in a Seattle neighbrhd?
A．Parents ignred their kids in favr f a mbile device．
B．High technlgy made peple's life mre cnvenient．
C．Children tk a much keener interest in smart phnes．
D．Parents were wrried abut their children's develpment．
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When she wrked at a clinic in a hightech Seattle neighbrhd, Radesky started nticing hw ften parents ignred their kids in favr f a mbile device．”可知，Jenny Radesky博士在社区里发现了父母玩手机而忽略孩子的现象，故选A。
6．Hw did Radesky d her research?
A．By interviewing the caregivers．
B．By analyzing data frm a clinic．
C．By classifying parents' behavir．
D．By bserving parents and children．
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“After relcating t Bstn Medical Center, she and tw ther researchers spent ne summer bserving 55 different grups f parents and yung children eating at fast fd restaurants．”可知，Radesky是通过观察父母和孩子们的行为来进行研究的，故选D。
7．What des the underlined wrd “that” in Paragraph 5 prbably refer t?
A．Learning abut their wn feelings．
B．Reading thers' facial expressins．
C．Watching their parents' talking．
D．Cmmunicating face t face．
答案：D 指代判断题。根据第五段第一句“Radesky says that's a big mistake, because facetface interactins are the primary way children learn．”可推知，此处的that代指的是父母和孩子之间面对面的互动和交流，故选D。
8．What des SteinerAdair advise parents t d?
A．Cmfrt their children as ften as pssible．
B．Put dwn their smart phnes while with their kids．
C．Reflect n their wn influence n their children．
D．Allw their kids t use mbile devices smetimes．
答案：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“But based n the stries she hears, SteinerAdair suggests that parents think twice befre picking up a mbile device when they're with their kids．”和对本段的整体理解可推知，SteinerAdair建议父母和孩子们在一起时，不要玩手机，故选B。
C
限时10分钟
调题库[13]A篇，序号与B篇顺排
⊕(2019·兰州一中高三月考)We've cnsidered several ways f paying t cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets frm scalpers (票贩子), r purchasing linecutting privileges directly frm, say, an airline r an amusement park． Each f these deals replaces the mrals f the queue (waiting yur turn) with the mrals f the market (paying a price fr faster service)．
Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are tw different ways f allcating things, and each is apprpriate t different activities． The mrals f the queue—“First cme, first served．” have an egalitarian (平等主义的) appeal． They tell us t ignre privilege, pwer, and deep pckets．
The principle seems right n playgrunds and at bus stps． But the mrals f the queue d nt gvern all ccasins． If I put my huse up fr sale, I have n duty t accept the first ffer that cmes alng, simply because it's the first． Selling my huse and waiting fr a bus are different activities, prperly gverned by different standards．
Smetimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle shuld apply． Think f the recrded message yu hear, played ver and ver, as yu wait n hld when calling yur bank: “Yur call will be answered in the rder in which it was received．” This is essential fr the mrals f the queue． It's as if the cmpany is trying t ease ur impatience with fairness．
But dn't take the recrded message t seriusly． Tday, sme peple's calls are answered faster than thers． Call center technlgy enables cmpanies t “scre” incming calls and t give faster service t thse that cme frm rich places． Yu might call this telephnic queue jumping．
Of curse, markets and queues are nt the nly ways f allcating things． Sme gds we distribute by merit, thers by need, still thers by chance． Hwever, the tendency f markets t replace queues, and ther nnmarket ways f allcating gds is s cmmn in mdern life that we scarcely ntice it anymre． It is striking that mst f the paid queuejumping schemes we've cnsidered—at airprts and amusement parks, in call centers, dctrs' ffices, and natinal parks—are recent develpments, scarcely imaginable three decades ag． The disappearance f the queues in these places may seem an unusual cncern, but these are nt the nly places that markets have entered．
9．Accrding t the authr, which f the fllwing seems gverned by the principle “First cme, first served．”？
A．Taking buses．
B．Buying huses．
C．Flying with an airline．
D．Visiting amusement parks．
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句、第三段第一句“The principle seems right n playgrunds and at bus stps．”及第四句“Selling my huse and waiting fr a bus are different activities, prperly gverned by different standards．(卖房和等公共汽车是不同的活动，受不同标准的制约。)”可知，等公共汽车是受“先到先得到服务”这一标准制约的，而卖房不在此列。由上面的分析排除B项房屋买卖的问题；再根据第一段第一句可知，直接从航空公司和游乐园买票的特权可以避免排队等候的问题，故排除C、D两项。
10．The example f the recrded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates ________．
A．the necessity f patience in queuing
B．the advantage f mdern technlgy
C．the uncertainty f allcatin principle
D．the fairness f telephnic services
答案：C 细节理解题。第四段第一句“Smetimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle shuld apply．”说明了适用规则的不确定性；根据第五段，尤其是该段的第一句可知，对待各种场合的录音信息不必太认真，有时公司会利用呼叫中心给某些人特权，所以说这种分配事情的原则不是一成不变的，故选C项。
11．The passage is meant t ________．
A．justify paying fr faster services
B．discuss the mrals f allcating things
C．analyze the reasn fr standing in line
D．criticize the behavir f queue jumping
答案：B 主旨大意题。第二段和第六段的第一句都表明了这篇文章的核心话题就是对有关分配的道德问题的探讨。B项所述符合且准确地体现了文章的主旨。
D
限时12分钟
(2017·天津高考)I read smewhere that we spend a full third f ur lives waiting． But where are we ding all f this waiting, and what des it mean t an impatient sciety like urs? T understand the issue, let's take a lk at three types f “waits”．
The very purest frm f waiting is the WatchedPt Wait． It is withut dubt the mst annying f all． Take filling up the kitchen sink (洗碗池) as an example． There is abslutely nthing yu can d while this is ging n but keep bth eyes fixed n the sink until it's full． During these waits, the brain slips away frm the bdy and wanders abut until the water runs ver the edge f the cunter and nt yur scks． This kind f wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless．
A cusin t the WatchedPt Wait is the Frced Wait． This ne requires a bit f discipline． Prperly preparing packaged ndle sup requires a Frced Wait． Directins are very specific． “Bring three cups f water t bil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remve frm heat, let stand five minutes．” I have my dubts that anyne has actually fllwed the prcedures strictly． After all, Frced Waiting requires patience．
Perhaps the mst pwerful type f waiting is the LuckyBreak Wait． This type f wait is unusual in that it is fr the mst part vluntary． Unlike the Frced Wait, which is als vluntary, waiting fr yur lucky break des nt necessarily mean that it will happen．
Turning ne's life int a waiting game requires faith and hpe, and is strictly fr the ptimists amng us． On the surface it seems as ridiculus as fllwing the directins n sup mixes, but the LuckyBreak Wait well serves thse wh are willing t d it． As lng as ne desn't cme t rely n it, wishing fr a few gd things t happen never hurts anybdy．
We certainly d spend a gd deal f ur time waiting． The next time yu're standing at the sink waiting fr it t fill while cking ndle sup that yu'll have t eat until a large bag f cash falls ut f the sky, dn't be desperate． Yu're prbably just as busy as the next guy．
12．While ding a WatchedPt Wait, we tend t ________．
A．keep urselves busy
B．get absentminded
C．grw anxius
D．stay fcused
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句中的“．．． the brain slips away frm the bdy and wanders abut ．．． This kind f wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless”可知，WatchedPt Wait可以让人变得心不在焉。故选B。
13．What is the difference between the Frced Wait and the WatchedPt Wait?
A．The Frced Wait requires sme selfcntrl．
B．The Frced Wait makes peple passive．
C．The WatchedPt Wait needs directins．
D．The WatchedPt Wait engages bdy and brain．
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“This ne requires a bit f discipline．”可知，Frced Wait与WatchedPt Wait的区别就是，前者需要自制力，即A项所述内容。
14．What can we learn abut the LuckyBreak Wait?
A．It is less vluntary than the Frced Wait．
B．It desn't always bring the desired result．
C．It is mre fruitful than the Frced Wait．
D．It desn't give peple faith and hpe．
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段尾句中的“．．． waiting fr yur lucky break des nt necessarily mean that it will happen”可知，等待幸运之事，但未必意味着它一定会发生，故选B项(它并不总是带来想要的结果)。
15．What des the authr advise us t d the next time we are waiting?
A．Take it seriusly． B．Dn't rely n thers．
C．D smething else． D．Dn't lse heart．
答案：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“The next time ．．． dn't be desperate．”可知，下次等待的时候，不要绝望，即不要丧失信心(Dn't lse heart．)。故选D。
16．The authr supprts his view by ________．
A．explring varius causes f “waits”
B．describing detailed prcesses f “waits”
C．analyzing different categries f “waits”
D．revealing frustrating cnsequences f “waits”
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“T understand the issue, let's take a lk at three types f ‘waits’．”可知，作者是通过分析这三种类型的“等待”来支持自己的观点。故选C。
E
限时10分钟
(2019·河北调研)The arts, especially music, shuld be part f every schl's lessns at every grade level． Students wuld be much smarter if they had sme musical experience． They culd imprve their classrm skills, like paying attentin and fllwing directins． Peple develp all these skills when they learn music． Making music als lets children use their imaginatin． It prvides students with a chance t try ut their wn ideas．
Music nt nly makes children better students, but als gives them smething psitive t d． In a music prgram, children can be part f a band instead f jining a gang (团伙)． Parents can enjy listening t their children's music instead f seeing them glued_t a cmputer r TV screen． In a schl band, students get t be part f a team． They can get alng well with ld friends and make new friends thrugh music．
Music builds selfcnfidence, t． It gives children a sense f achievement and success． Making music is smething fr them t be prud f, and it lets kids practice perfrming in frnt f an audience． Music gives children an pprtunity fr selfexpressin, and that helps develp their selfcnfidence．
Once again, music is imprtant because it can make children better students, give them smething psitive t d, and build their character． That is why music shuld be ffered in every single grade in every schl．
17．Accrding t the passage, music culd make students smarter by ________．
A．imprving their classrm skills
B．imprving their classrm skills and imaginatin
C．imprving their attentin, directin and imaginatin
D．learning music, making music and trying ut their wn ideas
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Students wuld be much smarter if they had sme musical experience．”，第三句中的“They culd imprve their classrm skills ．．．”和第五句“Making music als lets children use their imaginatin．”可知B正确。
18．What des the underlined phrase “glued t” in the secnd paragraph mean?
A．Unwilling t turn n． B．Always lking．
C．Unwilling t leave． D．Always playing．
答案：C 词义猜测题。B、D两项中的动词均无法和“a cmputer”及“TV screen”构成动宾关系；A项中的“unwilling t turn n”与前后语境矛盾；再根据本句意在强调音乐对孩子的积极作用可知，电脑或电视对孩子将不再有吸引力。孩子们不再像以前那样离不开或迷恋电视或电脑。故选C。
19．The third paragraph mainly tells us that music culd ________．
A．give children selfexpressin and selfcnfidence
B．bring children achievement and success
C．give children smething t be prud f
D．develp children's selfcnfidence
答案：D 段落大意题。根据第三段首句“Music builds selfcnfidence, t．(音乐也能帮助孩子构建自信。)”可知，D项正确。
20．What's the best title f this passage?
A．Music is a must as a curse at schl
B．Music builds children's selfcnfidence
C．Music makes students much smarter
D．Learning music and making music
答案：A 标题判断题。第一段第一句“The arts, especially music, shuld be part f every schl's lessns at every grade level．”即文章的主题句，文章最后一句再次对此进行呼应；再根据概括标题需遵循“针对性、概括性、醒目性”的原则可知，A为最佳答案。