高考英语一轮(新课标通用)训练检测:专题一语法基础 考点十一 特殊句式 Word版含解析
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这是一份高考英语一轮(新课标通用)训练检测:专题一语法基础 考点十一 特殊句式 Word版含解析,共18页。试卷主要包含了单句语法填空,单句改错,省略,反意疑问句等内容,欢迎下载使用。
限时25分钟
一、单句语法填空
1.It was last Saturday ________ we visited the Histry Museum.
答案:that 此句为强调句型,其中被强调的部分是last Saturday。
2.When ________ (return) hme, I met my ld friend Paul in the street.
答案:returning 句意:当我回家时,我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保罗。return的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致,且I与return之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填现在分词形式。when returning hme是when I was returning hme的省略。
3.Only in this way ________ I learn English well.
答案:can 句意:只有用这种方法,我才能学好英语。当nly用在句首强调状语时,句子要用部分倒装,强调主语时,句子不倒装。
4.I wn't g t the party tnight even if ________(invite).
答案:invited 此句中even if后省略了I am, invite的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致,且I与invite之间存在被动关系,因此应用invited。
5.Nt nly ________ I interested in the phtgraphy, but I tk a curse at university.
答案:am 句意:我不仅对摄影感兴趣,在大学里我还上过摄影课。nt nly位于句首时,所在分句用部分倒装,且此处描述现在的情况,故填am。
6.Jim is a student; ________ is Tm.
答案:s 句意:吉姆是一名学生,汤姆也是。指前者情况也适用于后者,意为“某人也……”,表肯定意义,用s+助动词+主语。
7.I can't swim well; ________ can Jim.
答案:neither/nr 句意:我不擅长游泳,吉姆也不擅长。指前者情况也适用于后者,并且指否定意义时,用neither/nr+助动词+主语。
8.________ (knck) at the dr befre yu enter my rm, please.
答案:Knck 句意:进我的房间前请你先敲门。本句为祈使句,故用动词原形。
9.I have n idea why it is ________ he will g there with her.
答案:that 句意:我不知道他为什么要跟她去那里。idea后面是why引导的同位语从句,为强调句型。
10.Thugh ________(surprise) t see us, the prfessr gave us a warm welcme.
答案:surprised 此句是连词后省略了“主语+be”。此句中thugh后省略了the prfessr was,因此应填形容词surprised。
11.I drve ________ slwly as pssible in the heavy traffic.
答案:as 本句中含有as ... as pssible的省略结构,意为“尽可能……”。
12.Only ________ he aplgizes fr his rudeness will I speak t him again.
答案:when/if 句意:只有当他为自己的无礼道歉时,我才会再次跟他说话。“nly+状语从句”位于句首时,主句需用部分倒装。根据句意可填when/if。
13.The headmaster will nt permit the change in the curse, ________ will he even give it a thught.
答案:nr/neither 句意:校长不会允许课程变化,他甚至也不会去考虑。“nr/neither+助动词+主语”是部分倒装结构,意为“……也不……”。
14.At the meeting place f the Yangtze River and the Jialingjiang River ________ (lie) Chngqing, ne f the ten largest cities in China.
答案:lies 介词短语“At the meeting place f ...”放在句首作地点状语时,句子要用完全倒装语序。句子的主语为Chngqing,且叙述客观事实,故填lies。
15.The driver wanted t park his car near the radside but was asked by the plice ________ (nt).
答案:nt t 句意:这个司机想把车停在路边,但被警察告知不要这么做。此处是省略,空格处补全为nt t park his car near the radside。
16.One talk with Tm, I believe, ________ yu will find he is utging.
答案:and 句意:和汤姆谈一谈,我相信你会发现他是外向的。本题是“名词短语+and+陈述句”的结构,and表示顺承关系,故填and。
17.________ (devte) t finding ways t make music accessible t all children is Ms Thmpsn with a turing cmpany f prfessinal musicians.
答案:Devted 此句为倒装句。还原为“Ms Thmpsn with a turing cmpany f prfessinal musicians is devted t finding ways t make music accessible t all children.”
18.Up till nw, there has been n scientific evidence abut ________ it was that caused the death f dinsaurs.
答案:what 句意:到目前为止,还没有科学证据证明是什么导致了恐龙的死亡。这里强调了恐龙灭绝的原因,即what,因此这是强调句型的特殊疑问句式。
19.I finally gt the jb I dreamed abut. Never in my life ________ I feel s happy.
答案:did 句意:我最终得到了我梦想的工作。我一生中从来没有这么高兴过。never放在句首,句子用部分倒装,结合前面的gt可知,填did。
20.I went t the classrm as usual. But there, next t my desk, ________ (sit) a girl I had never seen befre.
答案:sat 句意:我像平常一样去了教室。但是,在我桌子旁边坐着一个我以前从没见过的女孩。表示地点方位的状语位于句子开头,主语如果是名词,则句子用全部倒装。
21.He said he ________ see a wman in black walking ut f the ffice building just nw.
答案:did 句意:他说他的确看到了一个黑衣女子从办公大楼走出来了。分析句子可知,此处是对谓语动词see的强调,根据时间状语“just nw”可知,应该用did表示强调。
22.Hardly ________ (have) she sat dwn when she heard smene kncking the dr.
答案:had 句意:她刚刚坐下,就听到有人敲门。hardly ... when ... 表示“一……就……”,hardly放在句首,用部分倒装。从句使用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。故填had。
23.Are yu free tnight? If ________, I'd like yu t meet Tm, my new friend frm the States.
答案:s 句意:今晚你有空吗?如果有空的话,我想让你见见我的美国新朋友汤姆。if s “如果这样的话”,s替代上文的全部内容,避免重复。
24.________ Tm shared his idea with us, we wuld have made mre prgress.
答案:Had 句意:如果汤姆和我们分享他的想法,我们会取得更大的进步。此处是if引导的非真实条件状语从句,使用虚拟语气,省略了if,并将had提前的用法。故填Had。
25.At the tp f the hill ________ (stand) an ancient twer, which dates back t the Sng Dynasty.
答案:stands 句意:在山顶上有一座古塔,它可追溯到宋朝。表示地点的介词短语放在句首,句子用全部倒装。句子的主语是an ancient twer, 故填stands。
26.Child ________ he was, he was able t stand n his wn feet.
答案:as/thugh 句意:尽管他是个孩子,但是他已经能够自立了。分析前面的“Child ________ he was”可知,是一个由as/thugh引导的让步状语从句,故填as/thugh。
27.She dare nt say what she thinks, ________ she?
答案:dare 主从复合句的反意疑问句部分中的主语和动词需要根据主句确定,当陈述部分的dare是情态动词,反意疑问句部分也用dare,此复合句中主句是否定句,故此处只填dare。
28.If ________ (accept) fr the jb, yu will be infrmed sn.
答案:accepted 逗号前是“If yu are accepted fr the jb”的省略形式。当主从句的主语一致,且从句中含有be动词时,可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略,故填accepted。
29.At last we fund a huse, in frnt f which ________ (stand) a tall tree.
答案:std 介词短语位于句首,且谓语动词是stand时,句子要用全部倒装结构。由fund的提示可知,此空应填stand的过去式std。
30.Fishing in this river, as far as I knw, ________ (be) prhibited.
答案:is 本句中含有插入包含副词的分句,这也是特殊句式的一种,被插入的部分不影响句意和句子的成分。动名词作主语,且描述一般事实,谓语动词应用is。
二、单句改错
1.At hme, there has a CD player in my rm, and the music is n all the time.
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答案:has→is 句意:在家里我的房间里有一台CD播放器,一直放着音乐。前一分句为there be句型。主语为单数名词a CD player, 故将has改为is。
2.Only d I knw the news here.
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答案:去掉d 句意:这儿,只有我知道这个消息。当nly用在句首强调主语时,句子不倒装,强调状语时,句子才倒装。
3.—Well, I d think the hrse is a useful animal.
—S it des.
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答案:des→is 句意:——嗯,我的确认为马是很有用的动物。 ——的确是。分析句意可知,第二句是表示肯定、赞同前面说过的话,意为“确实如此,确实是这样”,对应the hrse is,故将des改为is。
4.Between each f the mrning classes are an interval, when the students can have a shrt break.
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答案:are→is 介词短语置于句首时,应用全部倒装,句子的主语是an interval,故将are改为is。
5.It was in the village where he spent much f his childhd.
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答案:where→that 分析句子结构可知,本句为强调句,故将where改为that。
6.—I'm srry t tell yu that yu made a mistake in yur test.
—Hw can that be? I did it as tell in class!
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答案:第二个tell→tld 答语中后一个句子的状语从句为省略“主语+be动词”的形式。tell的逻辑主语为I,两者之间为被动关系,还原后为as I was tld。
7.A bit mre effrt, I think, s yu will settle the prblem.
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答案:s→and 先把插入语I think去掉,则不难看出此句为“(表示条件的)名词短语+and+陈述句”结构,陈述句表示顺承的结果。
8.Nt until my sn had entered the cllege he realize the imprtance f time.
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答案:he前加did nt until位于句首时主句应用部分倒装;由从句的时态可知,主句应用一般过去时,因此在he前加助动词did。
9.Scarcely I arrived at my secnd jb when a server immediately handed me my first rder.
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答案:Scarcely后加had 此处是“scarcely ... when ... ”结构,Scarcely用于句首,主句部分倒装。本结构中从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。故在Scarcely后加had。
10.There appears t have little enthusiasm fr yur idea.
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答案:have→be 此处表示“人们好像对你的想法没什么热情”。此处为There be句型,其中be可以用appears t be代替,故将have改为be。
11.Standing n ne ft with yur eyes clsed, and yu will sn lse yur balance.
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答案:Standing→Stand 句意:闭着眼睛用一只脚站立,你很快就会失去平衡。固定句式:祈使句+and/r+表示某事经常发生或惯常行为的陈述句。
12.Thugh he isn't a driver, he used t.
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答案:t后加be 句意:虽然他现在不是一个司机,但是过去他是。在used t后面如果是系动词be,不能省略。
13.Only by studying hard and making gd preparatins fr exams we avid suffering frm the pressure f exams.
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答案:we前加can 以“Only+介词短语”放在句首的句子,使用部分倒装,结合句意,在we前加can。
14.Nt nly I care fr my wn family, but als I will cntribute t building a harmnius sciety.
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答案:nly后加will “nt nly ... but als ... ”结构放在句首,前面的分句用部分倒装,故在nly后加will。
15.Althugh I'm nt a teacher f that famus schl, I want t.
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答案:t后加be 在省略句中,如果不定式中含有be, have, have been,则不能省略,通常保留这些词,故此处在t后加be。
特殊句式(一)
一、强调句
强调句型由“It+is/was+被强调部分+that/wh+其他部分”构成,可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语;被强调部分是指人的名词或代词时用wh或that均可,其他情况一律用that。
判断方法:将It is/was和that/wh去掉,若剩下的部分仍能表达完整的句意,则为强调句型;若不能,则不是。
1.强调句型的一般疑问句形式:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/wh+其他?
Was it in the park that Tm lst his watch?
2.强调句型的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/was it that+其他?
Wh_was_it_that brke the windw?
3.nt ... until ... 结构的强调句型
其强调句式为:It is/was nt until+被强调部分+that+其他。
He didn't g t bed until ten 'clck.
=It_was_nt_until ten 'clck that he went t bed.
注意:强调句型不能用来强调谓语,若要强调句子谓语动词,可将助动词d/des/did置于动词原形之前,用来加强语气。
He des like it.
I did tell yu the news yesterday.
二、倒装句
1.完全倒装
(1)表示方位、地点的副词或介词短语,如:there, here, up, dwn, nw, then, away, in, ut, ff等置于句首,且主语是名词时,用完全倒装。当主语为代词时不倒装。
Here_cmes the first bus.
Out_rushed a by!
On_the_tp_f_the_muntain_stands a temple.
(2)主系表结构中作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、such等置于句首时用完全倒装。
Present_at_the_meeting_were Prfessr Zhang and many ther guests.
Seated_n_the_grund_are a grup f yung peple.
2.部分倒装
(1)“nly+状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)”置于句首时,整个句子或后面的主句用部分倒装;当“nly+主语”置于句首时,句子不倒装。
Only_in_this_way_can yu succeed.
Only I am here tday.
(2)表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时用部分倒装。
常见的这类词或短语有nt, never, hardly, seldm, rarely, by n means, in n way, in n case, at n time, nt nly, nt until等。
Seldm_in_my_life_have I met s determined a persn.
At_n_time_shuld yu tuch it r get it hurt.
(3)s, neither, nr置于句首表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时用部分倒装。
但是当前面的情况是两种或两种以上时要用It is the same with ... 或者S it is with ... 结构。
Tm likes English. S_d_I.
I have never seen the film. Neither_has_he.
I like playing basketball and I live in America fr many years. S_it_is_with_my_little_brther.
(4)在s/such ... that ... 句型中,当s/such连同其直接修饰的成分置于句首时,主句部分倒装。
S mved was she that she culdn't say a wrd.
(5)在if虚拟条件句中,当省略if时,应将were/had/shuld置于主语之前,形成部分倒装。
Shuld it rain tmrrw, we wuld stay at hme.
(6)as/thugh意为“尽管”,引导让步状语从句时用倒装结构。
Tired as he was, he still went n with his wrk.
Strange thugh it seems, it is true.
限时25分钟
一、单句语法填空
1.(2018·北京高考)In any unsafe situatin, simply ________ (press) the buttn and a highlytrained agent will get yu the help yu need.
答案:press 句意:在任何危险的情况下,仅仅摁一下按钮,那么一个高度训练的代理人将使你获得你需要的帮助。分析句子的结构可知,此处是“祈使句+and+一般将来时”的固定结构。
2.(2019·邢台市高三上学期第一次月考)It was thrugh her study f caterpillars ________ she discvered the truth abut their life cycles.
答案:that 句意:正是通过她对于毛毛虫的研究,她才发现了它们生命轮回的真相。本句是强调句型“It is/was ... that ...”,被强调部分是thrugh her study f caterpillars,故填that。
3.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Diets have changed in China—and s t ________ its tp crp.
答案:has 该句是一个倒装句。当前面的句子是肯定句时,用“s+助动词+主语”表示“某人也……”。助动词的选用根据前面句子的谓语动词来判断。
4.(2018·惠州市高三第二次调研考试)It is nt nly the inspiring stry but als the warmth frm the university ________ attracts the public's attentin.
答案:that 此处是强调句型。去掉It is和设空处后,句意仍完整,强调主语,故用that。
5.(2018·天津高考)—I'm mving in a few days and I wnder if yu culd help.
—Yu bet. Just let me knw when, ________ I'll be there.
答案:and 该句式是“祈使句+and+简单句”,祈使句相当于条件,简单句相当于主句。
6.(2019·山东省德州市武城二中高三月考)Nt until he retired frm teaching tw years ag ________ he cnsider having a hliday abrad.
答案:did 句意:直到他两年前从教育战线上退休,他才考虑去国外度假。nt until结构位于句首时,主句使用部分倒装语序,同时后面是实义动词,根据tw years ag判断句子用一般过去时,答案为did。
7.(2019·河南周口中英文学校高三月考)________ I wish my wrk culd be settled within a day!
答案:Hw 句意:我多么希望我的工作可以一天里解决!根据语境可知,本题是一个感叹句,hw修饰整个句子,因此填Hw。
8.(2019·河北省衡水中学高三上学期二调考试)She pened it and let ut a deep breath. Inside it ________ (be) tw sharp knives.
答案:were 句意:她打开它,深深地吸了一口气。里面是两把锋利的刀。介词Inside在句首,句子应用倒装语序,主语是tw sharp knives,是复数形式,与之一致谓语也用复数,结合上句的pened,可知填were。
9.(2018·重庆市巴蜀中学高三适应性月考)Yu are suppsed t keep yur rm as tidy ________ pssible.
答案:as 句意:你应该尽可能使屋子保持整洁。本句中含有as ... as pssible结构,意为“尽可能……”。
10.(2018·湖南师大附中高考模拟)There is n dubt that eating rganic fd will make yu healthier, is ________?
答案:there 句意:毫无疑问,食用有机食物会使你更健康,是吗?考查反意疑问句。根据语境来确定反意疑问部分用there。
11.(2018·河北省重点中学联考)________ fun it is t take a rest after a lng perid f swimming!
答案:What 句意:长时间游泳之后好好休息一下真的很快乐!考查感叹句。what后加名词。
12.(2018·唐山市高三三模)Between the tw generatins, it is ften nt their age, but their educatin ________ causes misunderstanding.
答案:that 句意:在这两代人之间,引起误会的常常不是年龄而是教育。此处为强调句型“It is/was ... that”。被强调部分为nt their age, but their educatin,故答案为that。
13.(2018·福建省高三毕业班质量检测)Only then ________ the wrkers realize hw serius the situatin had been.
答案:did 句意:只有在那时工人们才意识到形势有多严峻。考查倒装。“Only+副词”放在句首,要使用部分倒装且时间状语为then,故填did。
14.(2018·河南省中原名校高三第六次质量检测)Never befre ________ I seen such a wnderful park, where I'd like t pay a visit again.
答案:have 句意: 我从没见过这么美丽的公园,我想再来参观一次。否定副词短语放在句首,句子要用部分倒装形式;never befre常与现在完成时连用。
15.(2018·重庆巴蜀中学高三适应性月考)Nt nly ________ yu make yurself understd, but yu als keep the listeners engaged.
答案:d 句意:你不仅要使他人明白你的话,而且也要让听众融入到谈话中。nt nly放在句首,该分句用倒装语序,故填d。
16.(2018·湖南省邵阳市高三模拟)Fr a mment nthing happened; then ________ (cme) cheers frm the excited audience.
答案:came 句意:片刻间什么也没发生,然后从兴奋的观众那里传来了欢呼声。考查then位于句首的完全倒装。根据语境,设空处填所给动词的过去式。
17.(2018·哈尔滨六中高三第二次模拟)Wheat is grwing very nicely here; ________ is rice.
答案:s 句意:这里的小麦长得很好,水稻也是。“s+助动词+主语”,表示前一分句描述的情形也适合后一分句的人或物。
18.(2018·湖南省岳阳市高三教学质量检测)________ yu make a mistake, yu weren't suppsed t feel embarrassed. Yu knw, peple make mistakes.
答案:Shuld 句意:如果你犯了错误,你不应该感到尴尬。毕竟,人都会犯错误。此处是表示对将来情形的假设,从句中省略了if,将shuld提前,故填Shuld。
19.(2018·广东省佛山市高三质量检测)He pulled hard at the gld chain t get it int the bat, but ________ seemed t be n end t it.
答案:there 后一分句含有there be句型,there seemed t be “似乎有”,故填there。
20.(2018·天津和平区一模)I'm srry. ________ it nt been fr my illness, I wuld have cme and lent yu a helping hand.
答案:Had 句意:对不起。要不是因为我生病,我就会过来帮你了。此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,即条件从句应为:If it hadn't been fr my illness.将if省去,需把had提到句首,变为倒装句式,故设空处填had,且had的首字母要大写。
21.(2016·江苏高考)Nt until recently ________ they encurage the develpment f turistrelated activities in the rural areas.
答案:did 句意:直到近期,他们才开始鼓励在农村地区发展与旅游有关的活动。nt until位于句首时,句子应用部分倒装。此处指过去所发生的动作,应用一般过去时,故答案为did。
22.(2018·四川四校联考)The little by came riding full speed dwn the mtrway n his bicycle. ________ dangerus a scene it was!
答案:Hw 句意:那个小男孩骑着自行车沿着机动车道全速而来。多危险的一幕啊!此处为感叹句式“Hw+形容词+a/an+名词单数+主语+谓语!”故填Hw。
23.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)It culd be anything—gardening, cking, music, sprts—but whatever it is, ________ (make) sure it's a relief frm daily stress rather than anther thing t wrry abut.
答案:make 句意:它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情,但是,无论它是什么,务必保证它是让你释放每天的压力而不是让你担忧的事。句中动词短语置于句首,构成祈使句,故用动词原形。
24.(2018·安徽模拟)Jhn has nt yet passed the driving test, and neither ________ Henry.
答案:has 句意:约翰还没有通过驾照考试,亨利也没有通过。否定副词neither置于句首,后面的主谓语应用部分倒装。根据上一分句中的谓语动词“has ... passed(现在完成时)”和该分句的主语Henry可推知,设空处答案为has。
25.(2018·陕西渭南模拟)On the tp f the hill ________ (stand) a temple where the ld man nce lived.
答案:stands 句意:山顶上有座庙,这位老人曾经在那里住过。表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语为名词时,该句的主谓部分应完全倒装。本句的主语为a temple(第三人称单数),故设空处为stands。
26.(2018·广西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a jb and husing and lent him pcket mney while ________ (train) him.
答案:training 句意:弗雷迪在培训他期间给他提供工作和住房,并借给他零花钱。根据宾语him判断,train在此是动词,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致,均为Freddy,且Freddy与train之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故填现在分词。while training him相当于while he was training him。
27.(2018·安徽六校联考)________is it that he is nt s friendly as he used t be?
答案:Hw/Why 句意:他怎么/为什么不如过去友好了呢?本句是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式,即“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他?”。本句改为普通句型后为“________ is he nt s friendly as he used t be?”
28.(2018·重庆模拟)Absurd ________ it might sund, everyne present was amused by his adventure stry in Africa.
答案:as/thugh 句意:虽然那听起来很荒诞,但是在场的每个人都被他在非洲的历险故事逗笑了。as, thugh和althugh均可引导让步状语从句,as, thugh引导让步状语从句时应用倒装语序,althugh不倒装,本句中表语提前,故用as/thugh。
29.(2018·重庆模拟)—I like this dress better than that ne.
—________ d I; but it csts almst twice as much.
答案:S 句意:——与那条连衣裙相比,我更喜欢这条。——我也是,但这条连衣裙的价格几乎是那条的两倍。此处为部分倒装。“s+助动词+主语”表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。
30.(2019·浙江杭州一次质检)A child, if actively ________ (engage) in classrm activities, can be taught many things.
答案:engaged 句意:如果一个孩子能积极参加课堂活动,他能学会许多东西。本句为省略句。将本句补全后为:If a child is actively engaged in classrm activities, he can be taught many things.把相同的主语a child和be动词省去,故填engaged。
二、单句改错
1.(2018·山西孝义高三一模)The drivers dn't agree t the deal, s d the passengers.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:s→neither/nr 前面是dn't,后面也应该使用否定词neither或者nr,而s用于肯定句中。
2.(2018·广东仲元中学模拟)Only by fcusing her attentin n her wrk the wman frget her wrries.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:the前加can/culd 以nly+介词短语放在句首的句子,使用部分倒装,结合句意,在the前加can/culd。
3.(2018·江西新余高三模拟)Lking n the bright side f things, and yu will live happily.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:Lking→Lk 句意:如果看事情的光明面,你就可以活得很快乐。根据句中and可知此处是并列句,所以and前面应该是一个祈使句,表条件。
4.(2019·惠州市高三第一次调研)Nne f us were familiar with planting, and nr did we knew hw t use gardening tls.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:knew→knw 句意:我们都不熟悉种植,也不知道如何使用园艺工具。nr放在句首,句子要用部分倒装,所以助动词did在前,此处谓语动词用原形。
5.(2019·湖南长郡中学高三月考)It was nt until his third match in 1790 when he finally beat Humphries and became Champin f England.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:when→that 句意:正是直到1790年第三次比赛时,他才最后打败Humphries,而成为英国的冠军。本题是一个强调句型,强调“nt until ... ”部分,而不是when引导的定语从句,故改为that。
6.(2018·山东省枣庄一模)Seldm I g ut alne in the evening.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:Seldm后加d 表示否定意义的副词放在句首时,句子应用部分倒装;本句描述惯常行为,故用一般现在时。
7.(2018·河北衡水模拟)Thugh urging t g t bed many times, the little by just turned a deaf ear and fixed his eyes n the cartns.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:urging→urged 句意:尽管被催促了很多次,这个小男孩充耳不闻,继续看卡通片。Thugh urging t g t bed many times部分是一个省略句,urge和主句的主语之间存在动宾关系,故改为urged。
8.(2018·四川联考)In frnt f the stadium stand a lng queue waiting fr the star's arrival.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:stand→stands 介词短语置于句首时,句子应用全部倒装,句子的主语是a lng queue,因此谓语动词应用单数形式。
9.(2018·江苏溧阳竹篑中学模拟)Much althugh I have traveled, I have never seen anyne wh's as capable as Jhn.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:althugh→as/thugh 当as/thugh表示“虽然,尽管”来引导让步状语从句时,从句应用倒装语序,但是althugh不能倒装。
10.(2019·山西太原检测)There have a time when we yung peple believe that ur parents shuld stp ffering their advice.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:have→is 句意:有这么一段时间,我们年轻人认为我们的父母应该停止提出建议。此处为“there be”句型。There is a time when ... “有一段时间……”。
11.(2018·湖南调研)That's all. Thank yu. Sme questins?
________________________________________________________________________
答案:Sme→Any 由语境可知本句为省略句,且为一般疑问句,故将Sme改为Any。sme作“一些”讲时,常用在肯定句中,而any常用在疑问句中。
12.(2018·陕西全真模拟)In a wrd, success is imprtant, and s des failure, because it's the mther f success.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:des→is 句意:总之,成功很重要,失败也很重要,因为失败乃成功之母。因为“success is imprtant”的谓语动词是系动词is,故将des改为is。
13.(2018·南昌三校联考)When was it he made up his mind t take this lessn?
________________________________________________________________________
答案:it后加that 本句为强调句型的特殊疑问句形式,结构为“特殊疑问词+was/is+it+that/wh+其他?”。
14.(2018·河北联考)It was him wh shwed me hw t smile thrugh the rugh times.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:him→he 本句为强调句型。被强调的部分为句子主语,故将him改为he。
15.(2018·河北质检)I asked Charles t see the mvie, but he didn't want.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:want后加t 此处为不定式的省略。不定式在省略时,可以省略动词但是必须保留不定式符号t。
特殊句式(二)
三、省略
1.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或状语从句的主语为it,且从句中含be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
While (I_was) in Beijing, I paid a visit t the Summer Palace.
I'll buy a TV set if (it_is) necessary.
2.单独使用不定式符号t,代替动词不定式后被省略的动词,常用在be afraid, expect, frget, hpe, intend, like, lve, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。否定形式用nt t。
I asked him t play with me, but he didn't want t.
—Shall I g instead f him?
—I prefer yu nt_t.
如果不定式中含有be, have, have been,则通常保留这些词。
—Are yu a sailr?
—N, but I used_t_be.
注意:定语从句中充当宾语的关系代词可以省略;多个宾语从句中的第一个连接词that也可省略。
四、反意疑问句
1.形式:陈述句+简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时,附加问句用否定形式,反之亦然。
附加问句的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定,且主语必须是代词。
Yur parents had a lng talk with yu last night, didn't_they?
Everything that he says is true, isn't_it?
He is never late fr schl, is_he?
2.陈述部分是祈使句,肯定祈使句时,反意疑问句用will yu或wn't yu;否定祈使句时,用will yu。以let's开头的祈使句,反意疑问句用shall we;以let us/me开头的祈使句,反意疑问句用will yu。
Lk at the blackbard, will/wn't_yu?
Dn't make any nise, will_yu?
Let's g t schl, shall_we?
Let us g t schl, will_yu?
3.陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must时,反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。
They must be sleeping then, weren't_they?
注意:must+have dne,若表示对过去情况的推测,附加问句中动词用didn't;若表示对已完成情况的推测,用haven't或hasn't。
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