高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题18根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五（含解析）

这是一份高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题18根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五（含解析），共32页。
专题18 根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五

一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种关系。因此，理解阅读七选五的阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文章或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，并做出正确的判断。
层级二
拉分题目分分抢
解答阅读七选五的内在线索主要是指词汇线索和逻辑线索，而词汇线索主要包括关键词复现和代词指代两种情况。这种题型需要考生仔细分析，抓住词汇线索，把握逻辑关系。



年份
卷别
体裁
主题
设空位置
命题专家谈高考
段首
段中
段尾
2022
新高考
卷Ⅰ
说明文
如何寻找健身伙伴
0
4
1
1.体裁以说明文为主， 间或考查记叙文或议论文。主要围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题。
2．倾向于不带标题或段落小标题， 但文章大都结构清晰。
3．设空位置以段中为主， 从功能上来说主要考查：
(1)主旨概括句(文章整体内容)
(2)过渡性句子(文章结构)
(3)注释性句子(上下文逻辑关系)
新高考II
说明文
写文章的技巧
1
4
0
全国乙卷
说明文
五种维系异地友谊的方法
3
1
1
全国甲卷
说明文
外出就餐注意事项
1
3
1
2021
新高考
卷Ⅰ
记叙文
我和丈夫在巴黎一周的生活
1
4
0
新高考II
说明文
提高阅读速度的建议
1
2
2
全国乙卷
说明文
如何在宴会上让自己变得有趣
2
2
1
全国甲卷
说明文
服装交换派对
1
4
0
2020
新高考
卷Ⅰ
说明文
好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则
1
3
1
全国卷Ⅰ
说明文
几个自我接纳的小技巧
1
3
1
全国卷Ⅱ
说明文
表情符号以及在工作交流时所带来的优势
1
4
0
全国卷Ⅲ
说明文
乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取和名称的由来
2
2
1



文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有并列、递进、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。阅读七选五的解题策略之一就是理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。
【名师点拨】

【典例1】(2020·浙江·片段)
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted.I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me.When my mother saw my creations，she told me how creative my designs were. 34 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful.It was a trait(特点) others found helpful，and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
A．I wasn’t alone any longer.
B．I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C．I was invited to play with another kid.
D．I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E．Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F．Thus，I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G．My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
34．答案　F
解析　空格前提到妈妈看到作者创作的东西说作者的设计很有创意，空格后提到作者延长了物体的生命，把它们变成一些新的、有用的东西。由此可知，空格处与上文构成因果关系，F项“因此，我开始了我毕生对制作东西的兴趣”符合语境。
【典例2】 (2019·全国Ⅱ·片段)
Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example，you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals，and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
A．This can affect your work.
B．So how should you motivate yourself?
C．However，this should not discourage you.
D．So why should we try to set specific goals?
E．They can change according to circumstances.
F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G．Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
40．答案　C
解析　空前一句说你可能想当飞行员，但因为视力不够好，你的目标不能实现。再结合空后一句中的“reassess your goals...set a fresh goal”可知中间要填的这句话与前面是转折关系，故C项“然而，这不应该让你气馁”符合语境。
【典例3】　(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__36__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth－floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【分析】　本题可利用逻辑关系法解题。根据空白处后提示词“So”，可知空白处与下文形成因果关系。空白处前“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.”，空白处后提到“So the first thing...the size of a cupboard.”。F项可以构成下文租公寓的原因，符合本段语境。故选F。



精做高考真题
Passage 1、（2022·浙江·高考真题）
I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____1____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____2____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____3____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____4____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ____5____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A．It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B．But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C．The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D．As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E．You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F．As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G．But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.










【语篇解读】
本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
【详情解析】
1．【D】根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.  (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
2、【B】．根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or persuade.  (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
3．【E】根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
4．【F】根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
5．【G】根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
Passage 2、（2022·全国新高考I卷）
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___6___”  With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___7___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___8___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___9___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___10___ Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.










【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【详情解析】
6．【C】根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”以及后文“With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. (有一个锻炼伙伴，你将会努力训练，因为你们之间有一个微妙的竞争)”可知，空处陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由，故选项应与后文是顺承关系，选项C中的“train with someone else”与后文的“With a workout partner”相对应，选项C“You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力)”符合语意。故选C项。
7．【D】根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的，故空处与后文是选择关系，你要知道你锻炼是为了什么。所以选项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”与后文在语意上构成选择关系。故选D项。
8．【B】根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。选项B中的“live close by”与后文的“belong to the same gym”相对应，选项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近)”与下文是顺承关系。故选B项。
9．【G】根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息)”是对上文内容的总结，符合语意。故选G项。
10．【F】根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. (久而久之，你们双方都会受益—你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。你们关系的核心是你们永远在一起互相帮助)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。选项F中的“differences”对应前文的“different skills”，选项中的“work with each other”对应后文的“be there to help each other”，故选项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语意。故选F项。
Passage 3、（2021·北京·高考真题）
Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people． ____11____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes．
____12____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____13____While the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels， through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____14____ On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit．
____15____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable．
A．This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
B．Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C．This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D．They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．
E．The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F．It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G．Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．









【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。
【详情解析】
11．【F】空格后说“The mental health benefits from music can't be argued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的），F选项It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety中的stress and anxiety照应了mental health benefits，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
12．【B】空格后说“However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而，出于同样的原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐是非常有益的），However表转折，因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价，B选项Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud中的harmful就是负面评价，因此B选项切合题意，故选B。
13．【D】空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐），D选项They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep中的sleep和going to bed相呼应，因此D选项切合题意，故选D。
14．【G】空格前说“In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压），G选项Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were中的heart rates和前面的heart rates相照应，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
15．【E】空格后说“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable”（但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益，这就是音乐如此有价值的原因），因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，E选项The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E选项切合题意，故选E。
Passage 4、（2021·浙江·高考真题）
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___16___
It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___17___Any small interruption-a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____18____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line-and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___19___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
____20____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.


A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.










【语篇解读】
本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
【详情解析】
16．【A】根据下文“It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. (原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快)”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，A选项“Why does this always seem to happen to you?( 为什么这种事总是发生在你身上?)”符合文意，故选A项。
17．【G】根据上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.(杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账)”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.(任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线)”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，G项“But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.(但有时，比如在周日下午，系统会变得特别繁忙)”，与此呼应。故选G项。
18．【D】根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. (如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生)”联系下文“So it’s not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.(所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快)”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。D项“The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.(你的线路是最快的几率只有三分之一)”与此对应。故选D项。
19．【F】根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.(这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度)”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。F项“With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.(由于有三个寄存器，这种方法比传统方法要快得多)”与此对应。故选F项。
20．【B】结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can’t afford the space or manpower.(要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力)”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。B项“So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?(那么，为什么大多数地方不鼓励使用蛇形线条呢？)”解释了该原因。故选B项。
Passage 5、（2020·海南·高考真题）
Talking with your doctor
Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____21____
●Stay positive.
Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____22____Think teamwork! Think positive!
●Keep track of how you are feeling.
____23____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.
●____24____
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.
●Ask questions.
Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____25____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.




A．This will make getting answers easier.
B．Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C．You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D．Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
E．Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
F．Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G．Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.









【语篇解读】
这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。
【详情解析】
21．【B】根据文章第一段“Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故选B。
22．【E】根据文章第二段“teamwork!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。
23．【D】根据文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。
24．【F】根据文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，故F项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。
25．【A】根据文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。
　挑战名校考题
Passage 1、（2023届湖北省华中师大一附中高三11月份阶段性考试）
According to a study done by University of Michigan researchers, shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad compared to those that only looked around for items.
More than half of the 1,000 respondents said they have impulsively shopped to deal with feelings of stress, anxiety or depression.____1____ In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.____2____ For many, what starts out as a relatively harmless mood booster could possibly grow into a forced reaction ‘hat empties wallets and causes conflict, thus adding a significant amount of stress to a person’s life.
In order not to be overwhelmed by retail therapy, you might refer to the following tips.
.____3____
Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries, having the items you need written down will provide you with clarity and order while you’re shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it: buy a cup of coffee while shopping or plan a. fun activity for when you return home.
·Think about what you struggle with most financially.
Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations? ____4____ For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on the weekends, stock your cupboard with groceries on Friday so you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook.
·Give up the need to keep up with your neighbors, co-workers, and friends.
Everyone’s financial situation is different and it’s dependent upon a variety of factors, least of all being one’s self worth.____5____ Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude.



A．Prepare a list prior to shopping.
B．This may encourage consumerism and impulse buying.
C．However, the side effect of retail therapy cannot be overlooked.
D．More men tended to purchase alcohol when stressed than women.
E．23％ said they’ve maxed out (刷爆) a credit card in the past year．
F．Comparison leads to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have.
G．Track down where your money is going and then try to avoid temptations.









【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“购物疗法”可以减压但也存在弊端，介绍了一些应对策略。
【详情解析】
1．【E】根据上文“More than half of the 1,000 respondents said they have impulsively shopped to deal with feelings of stress, anxiety or depression.(在1000名受访者中，超过一半的人表示，他们曾通过冲动购物来应对压力、焦虑或抑郁的感觉)”以及后文“In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.(事实上，通过购物减压可以确保你的血压降低，从而帮助你过上更健康的生活。购物减压也被称为“购物疗法”，是一种调节压力的方式)”可知，本句承接上文具体说明人们通过冲动购物来减压的数据：23%的人说他们在过去一年中刷爆了信用卡。故E选项“23%的人说他们在过去一年中刷爆了信用卡”符合语境，故选E。
2．【C】根据上文“In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.(事实上，通过购物减压可以确保你的血压降低，从而帮助你过上更健康的生活。购物减压也被称为“购物疗法”，是一种调节压力的方式)”以及后文“For many, what starts out as a relatively harmless mood booster could possibly grow into a forced reaction ‘hat empties wallets and causes conflict, thus adding a significant amount of stress to a person’s life.(对很多人来说，一开始作为相对无害的情绪助推器可能会发展成一种被迫的反应，掏空钱包，引发冲突，从而给一个人的生活增加大量压力)”可知，后文主要说明了“购物疗法”的缺点，故本句与上文构成转折，故C选项“然而，购物疗法的副作用不能被忽视”符合语境，故选C。
3．【A】根据本段内容“Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries, having the items you need written down will provide you with clarity and order while you’re shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it: buy a cup of coffee while shopping or plan a. fun activity for when you return home.(无论你是在买圣诞礼物还是买杂货，把你需要的东西写下来会让你在购物时条理清晰。奖励自己坚持完成清单，你就更有可能去完成：购物时买杯咖啡，或者计划一个回家后的有趣活动)”可知，本段的主旨是通过准备购物清单来让购物时更有条理，故A选项“购物前准备一份购物清单”符合语境，故选A。
4．【G】根据上文“Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations?(你在购物中心花了太多钱吗？外出就餐吗？假期吗？)”以及后文“For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on the weekends, stock your cupboard with groceries on Friday so you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook.(举个例子，如果你周末花了很多钱在外面吃饭，那就在周五的时候把你的橱柜里装满杂货，这样你就更有可能呆在家里做饭)”可知，本段主要说明了要具体知道钱花在哪些地方，才能避免诱惑，故G选项“追踪你的钱都花到哪里去了，然后尽量避免诱惑”符合语境，故选G。
5．【F】根据上文“Everyone’s financial situation is different and it’s dependent upon a variety of factors, least of all being one’s self worth.(每个人的财务状况都是不同的，这取决于各种各样的因素，最不重要的是一个人的自我价值)”以及后文“Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude.(通过练习感恩来感激你目前所拥有的)”可知，上文提到每个人的财务情况不同，后文则说要感激目前所拥有的，说明不能盲目攀比，故F选项“攀比不仅耗费钱财，还会降低满足感”符合语境，故选F。
Passage 2、（2022-2023学年度甘肃·兰州西北中学上学期高三期中考试）
Studies have shown that to cultivate (培养) gratitude can increase an individual’s happiness, reduce one’s sadness, and give strength to a person. Those who consciously express and cultivate gratitude have been reported to have much higher self-esteem (自尊) compared to those who do not. They are also more willing to help others. ___6___
Wondering how you yourself can cultivate gratitude more and more every single day? Below are some wonderful tips to follow.
A board on the wall is a great boost, especially in work environments. ___7___ Remember that it is very important to acknowledge what to appreciate, especially when you don’t really feel grateful. It can change your mood for the better right away.
___8___ Another way to cultivate gratitude in your life, whether at home or in the workplace, is gratitude cards. Give them to your colleagues or your clients. You can show your appreciation by saying what you’re actually grateful for on the cards.
Give heart-felt thanks. It’s not your casual thank you, like saying “hi” without really thinking about it. We’re talking about good quality, deeply grateful, heartfelt thanks. When someone goes out of their way to do something really important for you, you should make them know how grateful you are to them. ___9___ If possible，do it in person. This will have a bigger impact if you say it rather than just emailing them.
___10___ Cultivating gratitude will not only help you keep going in a challenging work environment, but also make you have a positive attitude to do an amazing job or to accomplish a difficult task.
A．Gratitude cards.
B．Gratitude journal.
C．This type of behavior always connects to greater happiness.
D．And you can’t wait to help others see this positive change as well.
E．The board lets everyone write down what they are grateful for.
F．And let them believe you can’t wait to do something awesome for them, too.
G．Just imagine the positive culture shift if everyone went ahead and thanked other people for their help.

【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养感恩之心的几条建议。
【详情解析】
6．【C】根据前文“Studies have shown that to cultivate (培养) gratitude can increase an individual’s happiness, reduce one’s sadness, and give strength to a person. Those who consciously express and cultivate gratitude have been reported to have much higher self-esteem (自尊) compared to those who do not. They are also more willing to help others.(研究表明，培养感恩可以增加一个人的快乐，减少一个人的悲伤，并给人力量。据报道，那些有意识地表达和培养感激之情的人比那些不这样做的人有更高的自尊。他们也更愿意帮助别人。)”可知本段主要讲的是培养感恩以及懂得感恩的好处，空处位于段末，应是对本段内容的总结，所以应该总的来说感恩的积极作用。C项“This type of behavior always connects to greater happiness.(这种行为总是能带来更大的快乐。)”概括全段内容，符合上下文语境，故选C项。
7．【E】根据空前“A board on the wall is a great boost, especially in work environments. (墙上的板子是一个很大的促进，特别是在工作环境中。)”可知此处讲的是要学会将自己感激的事情写下来，根据空后“Remember that it is very important to acknowledge what to appreciate, especially when you don’t really feel grateful. It can change your mood for the better right away.(记住，承认值得感激的事情是非常重要的，尤其是当你没有真正感到感激的时候。它可以让你的情绪立刻变得更好。)”可知此处讲的是板子上应该写下一些自己认为值得感激的事情，空处承上启下，所以空格处应该说得是这个板子的作用，E项“The board lets everyone write down what they are grateful for.(这个板子让每个人写下他们感激的事情。)”承接启下，符合上下文语境，故选E项。
8．【A】根据空后“Another way to cultivate gratitude in your life, whether at home or in the workplace, is gratitude cards.(另一种在生活中培养感恩之心的方法，无论是在家里还是在工作场所，就是感恩卡。)”可知本段主要介绍感恩卡这种培养感恩之心的方法，所以空处应该是和感恩卡有关的建议，A项“Gratitude cards.(感恩卡)”符合上下文语境，故选A项。
9．【F】根据空前“When someone goes out of their way to do something really important for you, you should make them know how grateful you are to them.(当有人不辞辛劳为你做一些非常重要的事情时，你应该让他们知道你是多么感激他们。)”可知此处是在说当有人帮助了我们时我们应该让别人知道我们对他们的感激之情，根据空后“If possible，do it in person. This will have a bigger impact if you say it rather than just emailing them.(如果可能的话，当面说。如果你说出来而不是发邮件，效果会更大。)”可知如果可能，我们最好亲自告诉对方我们的感激，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该让对方知道我们的感激的真诚，那就是我们也乐意为他们做一些极好的事情。F项“And let them believe you can’t wait to do something awesome for them, too.(让他们相信你也等不及要为他们做一些了不起的事情。)”承上启下，而且F项中的them指代上文的someone，awesome与上文的important对应，副词too在语意上和上文之间是递进关系，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
10．【G】根据空后“Cultivating gratitude will not only help you keep going in a challenging work environment, but also make you have a positive attitude to do an amazing job or to accomplish a difficult task.(培养感恩之心不仅能帮助你在充满挑战的工作环境中坚持下去，还能让你有积极的态度去完成一份出色的工作或一项艰巨的任务。)”可知此处是在总结全文，概括培养感恩之心的好处，所以空处应该概括全段的内容，G项“Just imagine the positive culture shift if everyone went ahead and thanked other people for their help(想象一下，如果每个人都去感谢别人的帮助，会产生怎样积极的文化转变。)”概括全文，而且G项的the positive culture shift指代的是gratitude这种行为，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
Passage 3、（2022年山西吕梁市名校金科大联考高三12月份联考）
Managers across nearly every industry believe distraction soars as the temperature rises. ___11___. More than anything, our environment impacts our productivity
___12___. Think about your morning commute: It’s sticky and humid even at 8 a. m., and by the time you get into your air-conditioned office, you’re already exhausted. Heat causes many people to feel lethargic, making it much more difficult to focus on that meeting you have first thing.
Absences naturally impact productivity
Sure, people travel and do other fun activities year-round, but many people have more going on between May and September than they do any other period. ___13___. “Even if you’re not taking an exciting vacation, perhaps your coworkers are out of the office a lot,” Schinke says. “This can impact the productivity of the whole team.”
___14___. The sun won’t set until past 8 p. m., so it’s natural to want to soak up every moment after you escape your overly air-conditioned office.
During these months, you’re far more likely to stay up later, meaning you feel sleepy when it’s time to clock in. It’s not too different than the decline in productivity that follows the Super Bowl or St. Patrick’s Day. ___15___.
A．Here are the real reasons
B．Temperature is part of the reason
C．Here are some tips on how to deal with it
D．Your sleep (or lack of sleep) can be a factor
E．More vacation time means less progress
F．This is really why you’re less product vein the summer
G．But in summer, it could be a more frequent occurrence










【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么人们在夏天工作效率会有所降低。
【详情解析】
11．【A】根据上文“Managers across nearly every industry believe distraction soars as the temperature rises.(几乎所有行业的经理都认为，随着气温上升，注意力分散的情况会激增)”及下面三段分列的三个原因可知，A. Here are the real reasons(以下是真正的原因)能够呈上启下，符合题意。故选A。
12．【B】根据下文“Heat causes many people to feel lethargic, making it much more difficult to focus on that meeting you have first thing.(炎热的天气会让很多人感到昏昏欲睡，很难集中精力参加你的第一件事)”可知，本段主要讲述温度对人们的影响。由此可知，B. Temperature is part of the reason(温度是部分原因)适合作本段主题句，符合语境。故选B。
13．【E】根据下文““Even if you’re not taking an exciting vacation, perhaps your coworkers are out of the office a lot,” Schinke says. “This can impact the productivity of the whole team.”(“即使你没有一个令人兴奋的假期，也许你的同事也经常不在办公室，”Schinke说。“这会影响整个团队的生产力。”)”可知，设空处与假期有关。由此可知，E. More vacation time means less progress(更多的假期意味着更少的进步)符合题意。故选E。
14．【D】根据下文“The sun won’t set until past 8 p. m., so it’s natural to want to soak up every moment after you escape your overly air-conditioned office.(太阳要到晚上8点多才会落山，所以很自然地，你想要在逃离过度空调的办公室后享受每一刻)”可知，本段讲述的是因为天气炎热造成睡眠时间的减少，从而导致工作效率不高的又一个原因。由此可知，D. Your sleep (or lack of sleep) can be a factor(你的睡眠（或缺乏睡眠）可能是一个因素)适合作本段主题句，符合语境。故选D。
15．【G】根据上文“During these months, you’re far more likely to stay up later, meaning you feel sleepy when it’s time to clock in. It’s not too different than the decline in productivity that follows the Super Bowl or St. Patrick’s Day. (在这几个月里，你更有可能熬夜，这意味着你在打卡的时候会感到困。这与超级碗或圣帕特里克节之后的生产率下降没有太大的不同)”可知，G. But in summer, it could be a more frequent occurrence(但在夏天，这种情况可能会更频繁)与上文形成转折关系，总结全段，再次扣回中心话题“夏天工作效率低下”。故选G。
Passage 4、（2023届浙江台州书生中学高三上学期起始考英语试卷）
You’ll make new friends in each stage of your life. Some of them will come and go, while others will last for the rest of your life. ____16____
There are many benefits of having strong friendships. According to experts, many people regret not keeping friendships going and end up living a life with no close friends or even enduring mental and physical sufferings. ____17____ People who have healthy friendships tend to enjoy life more and may even live longer.
____18____ There are a lot of ways to make new friends that can stay with you for the rest of your life. Look for people who share things with you. If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents. ____19____ You share your career and will have a lot to talk about while also having built-in opportunities to spend time with each other.
A．Lifelong friendships are what most people desire.
B．You don’t have to be mean or harsh to get this done.
C．If you are lacking in good friendships, it’s not too late.
D．You can also make friends with people you work with.
E．So making time for your friendships is vital to a healthy life.
F．Sign up for a dancing class to meet those with the same passion.
G．While this can be sad, it can actually improve your quality of life.
Sometimes it’s a good idea to let a friendship go, even if you’ve been friends for a long time. If one party isn’t making an effort to keep things going, it can lead to feelings of hurt and betrayal, and it might be time to let things cool off and pursue other friendships. ____20____ Besides, it can encourage you to focus on the partnerships that are healthy and where both of you are committed to keeping it going for your entire life.










【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了长期友谊的好处，以及如何发展一段新的友谊，并且注意，该结束的友谊就应果断结束。
【详情解析】
16．【A】根据前文“You’ll make new friends in each stage of your life. Some of them will come and go, while others will last for the rest of your life.(你会在人生的每个阶段交到新朋友。其中一些会来了又走，而另一些会伴随你的余生)”结合下文陈述持长期友谊的好处，以及如何保持长期的友谊，所以空处应是引出长期朋友的话题，所以A项“Lifelong friendships are what most people desire.(一生的友谊是大多数人所渴望的)”符合文意。故选A项。
17．【E】根据前文“There are many benefits of having strong friendships. According to experts, many people regret not keeping friendships going and end up living a life with no close friends or even enduring mental and physical sufferings.(拥有牢固的友谊有很多好处。据专家称，许多人后悔没有维持友谊，最终过着没有亲密朋友的生活，甚至忍受着精神和身体上的痛苦)”以及后文“People who have healthy friendships tend to enjoy life more and may even live longer.(拥有健康友谊的人往往更享受生活，甚至可能活得更长)”可知，本段主要在讲保持健康友谊的好处和重要性，所以E项“So making time for your friendships is vital to a healthy life.(因此，为友谊腾出时间对健康生活至关重要)”符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E项。
18．【C】根据后文“There are a lot of ways to make new friends that can stay with you for the rest of your life. Look for people who share things with you. If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents.(有很多方法可以交到可以陪伴你一生的新朋友。寻找和你有共同爱好的人。如果你有孩子，加入一个妈妈的小组，或者为你的孩子报班，在那里你自然会遇到其他父母)”可知，此处是在讲如何交到可以陪伴你一生的新朋友。所以C项“If you are lacking in good friendships, it’s not too late.(如果你缺乏好的友谊，现在还不晚)”符合文意，引出下文。故选C项。
19．【D】根据前文“If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents.(如果你有孩子，加入一个妈妈的小组，或者为你的孩子报班，在那里你自然会遇到其他父母)”以及后文“You share your career and will have a lot to talk about while also having built-in opportunities to spend time with each other.(你们分享自己的事业，会有很多可聊的话题，同时也有内在的机会花时间在彼此身上)”可知，上文陈述和父母交朋友，下文陈述分享自己的事业，由此推知，我们还可以与同事交朋友。所以D项“You can also make friends with people you work with.(你也可以和同事交朋友)”符合文意。故选D项。
20．【G】根据前文“Sometimes it’s a good idea to let a friendship go, even if you’ve been friends for a long time. If one party isn’t making an effort to keep things going, it can lead to feelings of hurt and betrayal, and it might be time to let things cool off and pursue other friendships. (有时候，结束一段友谊是个好主意，即使你们已经做了很长时间的朋友。如果一方不努力维持关系，可能会导致受伤和背叛的感觉，可能是时候让事情冷静下来，追求其他友谊了)”可知，此处是在讲必要时结束一段友谊。由此推知，空处陈述这样做的原因。所以G项“While this can be sad, it can actually improve your quality of life.(虽然这可能令人难过，但它实际上可以提高你的生活质量)”符合文意，且与下文“Besides, it can encourage you to focus on the partnerships that are healthy and where both of you are committed to keeping it going for your entire life.(此外，它可以鼓励你专注于健康的伙伴关系，以及你们两人都致力于终生保持这种关系的伙伴关系)”构成并列关系。故选G项。
Passage 5、（2022·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校高三9月份摸底考试）
Poetry Writing Tips for Beginners
Poetry is one of the oldest and most respected literary forms. It takes a certain style and skill with words to create a good work of poetry. Here are some easy-to-follow tips on writing poetry:
• ____21____
Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible. Take a glance at the works of Neruda, Keats, Whitman, and Dickinson to name a few of the greats. This does not mean that you should copy their work of course. ____22____.
• Choose a specific theme
Like any other type of literary work, your poem will need a specific theme. You can’t write a poem effectively if you don’t have a set theme. A theme will give your work both focus and a set goal.____23____. It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.
• Read it aloud
During the writing process, it is important that you check how your poem sounds.____24____.However, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud. So take the time to read your work aloud. Read it aloud after each stanza (诗节). If you want to be more thorough, you could read it aloud to family and friends.
• Polish it up
After you have your poem critiqued (评论), now is the time to polish it up. Take their advice and make any changes to the wordplay or word usage. If you see any clunky wordplay in your work, try to smoothen them out. Remember that poetry should have a flow, an almost lyrical feel.
____25____.However, once you put these poetry tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.






A．Free your mind
B．Read great poems
C．It may seem perfect when you’re reading it
D．Your theme can be practically anything under the sun
E．Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first
F．It is still a very satisfying feeling to create great works of poetry
G．Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet









【语篇解读】
这是一篇应用文。作者为打算学习写诗的人提供了几个好建议。
【详情解析】
21．【B】根据下文“Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible.(在你开始写作之前，你应该确保你读了尽可能多的好诗)”可知，这一段是建议在开始写诗前，要多读好诗。由此可知，选项B“Read great poems(读好诗)”和下文一致，符合语境。故选B项。
22．【G】根据上文“This does not mean that you should copy their work of course.(当然，这并不意味着你应该抄袭他们的作品)”可知，此处是建议在读优秀的诗歌，但是不要复制抄袭。由此可知，选项G“Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet(把它们当作参考，可以扩展你作为诗人的视野)”指出把读过的诗当做参考，拓展视野，和下文上文一致，符合语境。故选G项。
23．【D】根据下文“It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.(它可能是关于失去、爱、恨、贪婪等。你的主题也可能是关于你生活中的一个非常具体的事件，比如你的初恋或破裂的关系)”可知，这一段作者建议选定主题，但是主题的范围特别广泛。由此可知，选项D“Your theme can be practically anything under the sun(你的主题可以是太阳下的任何东西)”也指明主题范围很宽，和下文一致，符合语境。故选D项。
24．【C】根据下文“However, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud.(然而，一旦你大声朗读，它可能听起来很尴尬或缺乏什么)”可知，这一段建议写完诗后要读出来听听。且这一句话用转折副词however“然而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：所写的诗读起来感觉很不错。由此可知，选项C“It may seem perfect when you’re reading it(当你读它时，它似乎是完美的)”和下文存在转折关系，符合语境。故选C项。
25．【E】根据下文“However, once you put these poetry tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.(然而，一旦你将这些针对初学者的诗歌技巧付诸实践，你将能够在短时间内创作出高质量的诗歌)”可知，此处作者指出只要认真按照本文提供的建议学习写诗，很快就能写出好诗。且这一句话用转折副词however“然而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：最开始学写诗很难很慢。选项E“Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first(最开始学习写诗，可能速度会很慢)”和下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选E项。
Passage 6、（2022-2023学年度湖北省武汉市武冈二中高三10月份月考）
You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “So, what do you want to be?” ____26____ But many of you still don’t have a clue! Here are some things you might want to consider.
First, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). ____27____ While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high-level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction, remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology.
Second, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day won’t seem a chore. It’s also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. ____28____
Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession’s earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. ____29____ If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work.
____30____ Let me leave you with an old saying: “Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. “
A．We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.
B．Some of you may have already decided on a career path.
C．Trying different work can help you find out your favorite job.
D．This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.
E．Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.
F．People’s wages are lower in industries with slow technological change.
G．Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.









【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在选择职业道路的时候你可能需要考虑的事情。
【详情解析】
26．【B】根据下文“But many of you still don’t have a clue! (但是你们中的很多人还是不知道)”中转折连词But可知，上下文有转折关系，B项“Some of you may have already decided on a career path. (你们中的一些人可能已经决定了职业道路)”讲有些人已经决定了职业道路，与下文“很多人还是不知道”构成转折关系，回答了前文的问题“what do you want to be?(你想成为什么?)”。上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
27．【A】上文“First, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). (首先，你考虑的职业有持久力吗?20年后还会有需求吗?快速的技术变革具有破坏性)”提出技术变革会改变职业，要考虑未来可能的变化，A项“We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.(我们需要展望未来的前景)”承接上文，提出要展望职业前景，句中“future prospects”与上文“in 20 years”相照应。上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
28．【D】上文“Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. (在做出选择之前，你应该审视自己的价值观、技能和性格类型)”提出选择职业前要进行自我评估，D项“This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.(这可以帮助你决定一个职业道路是否适合你)”承接上文，说明这样做的作用，句中“This”指代上文中“examine your values, skills and personality type”。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
29．【E】上文“you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress.(但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的时间才能达到顶峰，需要付出更多的努力和更大的压力)”提出与高薪相伴的是更多的付出与挑战，E项“Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.(只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接这些挑战)”承接上文，说明什么样的人才能面对这些挑战，句中“these challenges”与上文“require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress”相照应。故选E项。
30．【G】设空句是末段首句，是对全文的总结。G项“Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.(在你人生的这个阶段考虑一生的事业无疑是具有挑战性的)”提出考虑一生的事业是具有挑战性的事情，下文“Let me leave you with an old saying: ‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’(让我用一句老话留给你们：“选择一份你喜欢的工作，你一生中一天都不用工作。”)”用一句谚语给出解答，从而实现对全文的总结。故选G项。
Passage 7、（2023届辽宁省鞍山市第一中学高三上学期第二次模拟考试）
“What is your problem?” So simple and yet so difficult to answer, that essential question is what I ask my high school engineering students when they begin the study of inventions. Our students are often provided with the problem, or spoon-fed with a solution, or end up checking their answers against those in the back of the book.___31___
The concept is the “invention design process” or “engineering design process”.___32___These steps include identifying a practical problem, developing potential solutions and ultimately designing something that proves they can improve the lives of beneficiaries. In short, we are talking about real problems that affect real people.
Students will often say, “___33___” My reply is similar: “I don’t either, but it is going to be a lot of fun seeing you find one.” At this point in the process, students begin to realize that not only do they need to identify a problem, but they have to clearly understand it. There is no room for loosely pieced together projects without thought or true purpose.
For example, each term my class invents devices to assist local fire and police departments. At the end of the unit, we invite police officers and firefighters to a showcase who then provide students with feedback (反馈) on the devices.___34___As a result, the students will also give their projects serious attention.
Inventing is a skill and every student can develop that skill. It may be a cliché (陈词滥调), but it’s true — kids are natural inventors. And once they are taught the skills of how to invent, there is no stopping them. As a teacher, I can’t help but ask, “___35___”
A．I don’t know the answer to the problem.
B．I don’t know what problem I should solve.
C．Now I am introducing them to a foreign concept.
D．It involves students in completing a series of steps.
E．How could you not give the problem the attention it deserves?
F．How can I not want to send more problem-solvers into the world?
G．They do not have time to waste on projects that don’t take their work seriously.









【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了能让学生自己发现问题并解决问题的“发明设计过程”的概念。
【详情解析】
31．【C】上文“Our students are often provided with the problem, or spoon-fed with a solution, or end up checking their answers against those in the back of the book.(我们的学生经常被提供问题，或被灌输解决方案，或最终在书的后面核对他们的答案)”指出了学生的一个困境：学生们已经习惯了被告知问题，或填鸭式地提供解决方案，他们自己却找不出问题，结合下一段开头的“The concept is…”可知，空处应是提到concept，C项“现在我要向他们介绍一个陌生的概念”符合语境。故选C。
32．【D】根据空前“The concept is the “invention design process” or “engineering design process”.(这个概念就是‘发明设计过程’或‘工程设计过程’)”可知，作者要介绍的概念是‘发明设计过程’或‘工程设计过程’，结合空后的“These steps include identifying a practical problem, developing potential solutions and ultimately designing something that proves they can improve the lives of beneficiaries.(这些步骤包括确定一个实际问题，开发潜在的解决方案，并最终设计出能够证明这些方案能够改善受益者生活的东西)”可知，空处应是提及‘发明设计过程’包含很多步骤，D项“它要求学生完成一系列步骤”符合语境。故选D。
33．【B】根据空后“I don’t either, but it is going to be a lot of fun seeing you find one.(我也不知道，但看到你找到一个会很有趣)”及“At this point in the process, students begin to realize that not only do they need to identify a problem(在这个过程中，学生们开始意识到他们不仅需要找到一个问题)”推知，学生经常说找不到要解决的问题，B项“我不知道我应该解决什么问题”符合语境，故选B。
34．【G】根据下文“As a result, the students will also give their projects serious attention.(因此，学生们也会认真关注他们的项目)”及关键词“As a result”可知，空处与下文是因果关系，说明学生认真关注他们的项目的原因，G项“他们没有时间浪费在那些不认真对待他们工作的项目上”符合语境。故选G。
35【F】．根据上文“I can’t help but ask(我忍不住要问)”可知，空处是一个问题，结合上文“It may be a cliché(陈词滥调), but it’s true — kids are natural inventors. And once they are taught the skills of how to invent, there is no stopping them.(这可能是一个陈词滥调，但这是真的——孩子是天生的发明家。一旦他们学会了发明的技能，就没有什么能阻止他们了)”可知，学生是天生的发明家，即他们会在“发明设计过程”中发现并解决问题，F项“我怎么能不想把更多的问题解决者送进这个世界呢？”符合语境。故选F。
Passage 8、（2023届湖北省华师一附中高三上学期期中考试）
I’m a hiker –“born to hike”, as my husband likes to joke. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail, especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will. The experience of hiking is unique, research suggests, conveying benefits beyond what you receive from typical exercise. Hiking in nature is not only good for our bodies, but also good for our moods, our minds, and our relationships. ____36____
Hiking keeps your mind sharper than many other forms of exercise. ____37____ But research suggests that hiking doesn’t just feel good, it might also keep my brain in top shape.
____38____ Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy.
Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions. ____39____ Studies have found connections between creative thinking and nature experiences, too.
Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we can walk and cover longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. ____40____ It increases our connection to A．Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy.
B．Hiking and writing have strong connections.
C．Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly.
D．Here is what science is saying about the benefits of hiking.
E．In fact, I’ve written many of my songs while hiking on a trail.
F．This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to move your body.
G．Being a professional writer, I sometimes have trouble taking the time to hike in the middle of my workday.
nature. Developing a positive relationship with the natural world can help us to care about its fate, making us more committed to conservation efforts.

【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文，作者是一个徒步旅行者，在徒步旅行的过程中，作者意识到了徒步旅行的诸多好处。
【详情解析】
36．【D】上文“Hiking in nature is not only good for our bodies, but also good for our moods, our minds, and our relationships.(在大自然中徒步旅行不仅对我们的身体有好处，而且对我们的情绪、思想和人际关系也有好处)”提到徒步旅行有好处，该句是结尾句，引出下面各个段落徒步旅行的各种好处，D项“以下是科学对徒步旅行益处的解释”符合语境。故选D。
37．【G】根据下文“But research suggests that hiking doesn’t just feel good, it might also keep my brain in top shape.(但研究说，徒步不仅让人感觉良好，还可能让我们的大脑保持最佳状态)”可知，空处与下文构成转折关系，G项“作为一名职业作家，有时我也很难在工作期间抽时间去徒步”与下一句构成转折关系。故选G。
38．【A】该句为主题句，根据下文“Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy.(一般来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，并给你保持快乐所需的自然剂量)”中的关键词“decrease stress”和“give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy”可知，本段主要讲述徒步能减轻压力，带来快乐，A项“徒步能让你保持冷静和愉悦”符合语境。故选A。
39．【E】根据本段主题句“Hiking can increase our creativity.(徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力)”及空前一句“I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.(我相信我不是唯一一个发现在大自然中散步可以让我的思维在创造性的方向上自由漫游的人)”可知，E项“事实上，我的很多歌曲都是在徒步的时候创作的”符合题意，一方面支撑该段主题句，另一方面对前一句提到的“在大自然里漫步可以让我自由创作”进行实例证明。故选E。
40．【C】上文“After all, if we can walk and cover longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint.(毕竟，如果我们能走得更远，我们就能少用汽车，减少碳足迹)”描述徒步在减少碳足迹方面的好处，根据下文“It increases our connection to nature.(它增加了我们与自然的联系)”可知，空处应是描述徒步的另一个好处，C项“除此以外，徒步可以间接造福我们的地球”与上文形成递进关系，符合语境。故选C。
Passage 9（2023届山东省实验中学高三上学期第一次诊断考试）
Hiking for Beginners
Hiking is a wonderful way to immerse yourself in the outdoors. Transported by your own two feet and carrying only what you need for the day on your back, you can discover the beauty of nature at whatever pace you’re comfortable with. ___41___
If you have friends who hike, ask them to take you on a long walk. Most people are happy to share their expert knowledge, let you borrow gear (装备) and introduce starters to their favorite trails. If you don’t know any hikers, many cities and towns have hiking clubs that regularly plan outings. ___42___ Online groups are also a great way to find hiking friends. Experiencing the outdoors by yourself can give you a sense of freedom and adventure that are hard to find elsewhere. ___43___ We recommend finding a companion to keep you company. That person will also be there to lend a hand if you happen to get hurt.
___44___ Guidebooks and websites are great resources because you can get all the information you need: trail difficulty, distance, directions, water sources, and trail features. If you have hiking friends, ask them for some locations. Contact a local hiking organization or call a ranger station (护林站) in the area where you want to hike.
Before you start your search for the perfect hike, it’s helpful to think through a few things, such as: how much time you have, especially time of year and weather.___45___ If it’s fall and the sun is setting earlier, plan accordingly so you’re not caught out after dark unexpectedly. Always check the weather forecast before heading out so you can dress and pack appropriately.
A．You can go for a hike alone or in groups.
B．But it can also be hair-raising and lonely at times.
C．You can find hiking classes, outings and events through them.
D．The most significant hiking benefit is for a person’s mental well-being.
E．There are several easy ways to find a hiking trail that will meet your needs.
F．Some trails won’t be accessible in early spring because they’re covered in snow.
G．And, with a little planning and preparation, it’s an activity almost anyone can do.











【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要给徒步旅行的新手提出了一些建议和方法。
【详情解析】
41．【G】根据上文“Hiking is a wonderful way to immerse yourself in the outdoors. Transported by your own two feet and carrying only what you need for the day on your back, you can discover the beauty of nature at whatever pace you’re comfortable with.(徒步旅行是一种让自己沉浸在户外的好方法。用你自己的两只脚运输，只背一天所需的东西，你可以发现大自然的美丽，以任何你喜欢的节奏)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明徒步旅行的优点，故G选项“而且，只要做一点计划和准备，这是一项几乎任何人都能做的活动”符合语境，故选G。
42．【C】根据上文“If you don’t know any hikers, many cities and towns have hiking clubs that regularly plan outings.(如果你不认识任何徒步者，许多城市和城镇都有徒步俱乐部定期计划远足)”可知，上文提到寻找俱乐部，故本句说明这些俱乐部的作用：可以通过它们找到徒步旅行课程、郊游和活动。故C选项“你可以通过它们找到徒步旅行课程、郊游和活动”符合语境，故选C。
43．【B】根据上文“Experiencing the outdoors by yourself can give you a sense of freedom and adventure that are hard to find elsewhere.(独自体验户外活动可以给你在其他地方难以找到的自由和冒险感)”以及后文“We recommend finding a companion to keep you company. That person will also be there to lend a hand if you happen to get hurt.(我们建议找一个同伴陪伴你。如果你碰巧受伤了，那个人也会在那里伸出援手)”可知，上文提到独自体验户外活动，后文则说寻找同伴，故本句与后文构成转折，指出独自外出的缺点：有时也会令人毛骨悚然和孤独。故B选项“但它有时也会令人毛骨悚然和孤独”符合语境，故选B。
44．【E】根据后文“Guidebooks and websites are great resources because you can get all the information you need: trail difficulty, distance, directions, water sources, and trail features. If you have hiking friends, ask them for some locations. Contact a local hiking organization or call a ranger station (护林站) in the area where you want to hike.(指南和网站是很好的资源，因为你可以得到所有你需要的信息：路线的难度，距离，方向，水源和路线特征。如果你有徒步旅行的朋友，问他们一些地点。联系当地的徒步组织或打电话给你想徒步的地区的护林员站)”可知，本段主要列举了找到徒步路线的方法，故E选项“有几种简单的方法可以找到满足你需求的徒步路线”符合语境，故选E。
45．【F】根据后文“If it’s fall and the sun is setting earlier, plan accordingly so you’re not caught out after dark unexpectedly.(如果是秋天，太阳落山得更早，要做好相应的计划，这样你就不会在天黑后意外外出)”可知，后文提到了秋天外出的注意事项。由此可知，本句也是关于季节的注意事项。故F选项“一些小径在早春不能通行，因为它们被雪覆盖了”符合语境，故选F。
Passage 10、（2022--2023学年度重庆市南开中学高三11月份期中考试）
Peer pressure occurs when a peer group has direct or indirect pressure to do certain actions. The term “peer” often refers to people one knows in real life and that have a similar social status to oneself. However, the larger culture can also bring about peer pressure. ___46___.
Many people consider peer pressure a negative thing. ___47___. People, especially teens and young adults, may be more likely to do prosocial behaviors when they see people their own age doing the same things. Evidence shows that teens with friends who volunteer are more likely to volunteer themselves.
Research suggests peer pressure sometimes begins in elementary school. ___48___. Some may be isolated by members of the larger group. Children may begin to worry about balancing a sense of loyalty to their friends with fairness to others.
Research has long shown that peer pressure can increase the risk of someone trying drugs, alcohol, or cigarettes. ___49___. While some may experiment with alcohol or drugs once or twice and decide it’s not for them, others who begin using a substance may find it difficult to quit.
___50___. Some children find it becomes more difficult to go against the group over time. But it’s important to realize that not only do younger children face peer pressure, they are also able to stand up to it.
A．However, this isn’t always the case.
B．Coping with peer pressure can be tough.
C．Unconsciously, we are all influenced by people around us.
D．Certain people are more affected by peer pressure than others.
E．At this age, group values and routine begin to form among children.
F．It’s impossible to resist peer pressure when a child is struggling to fit in.
G．For example, television can convey to the public an acceptable way to behave.









【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了同辈压力。
【详情解析】
46．【C】空前说“However, the larger culture can also bring about peer pressure.(然而，更大的文化也会带来同辈压力)”，空处位于段末，应总结上文。C选项“Unconsciously, we are all influenced by people around us.(不知不觉中，我们都会受到周围人的影响)”符合语境，承接上文。故选C。
47．【A】前文说“Many people consider peer pressure a negative thing.(很多人认为同辈压力是个消极的事物)”和下文“People, especially teens and young adults, may be more likely to do prosocial behaviors when they see people their own age doing the same things.(人们，尤其是青少年和年轻人，在看到同龄人做同样的事情时，可能更有可能做出亲社会的行为)”说明“同辈压力”也可以让年轻人更可能有亲社会行为和做志愿者，由此推知空处与上文为转折关系。A项“However, this isn’t always the case.(然而，情况并非总是如此)”符合语境，故选A。
48．【E】前文提出“Research suggests peer pressure sometimes begins in elementary school.(研究表明有时候同辈压力从小学就开始出现)”，E项“At this age, group values and routine begin to form among children.(在这个年龄，孩子们开始形成群体价值观和日常习惯。)”中“at this age”与“小学”对应，“begin to form(开始形成)”也和语境对应，因此E选项符合语境，故选E。
49．【D】根据空后的“While some may experiment with alcohol or drugs once or twice and decide it’s not for them, others who begin using a substance may find it difficult to quit.(有些人可能会尝试过一两次酒精或毒品，然后认为不适合自己，而有些人开始使用某种物质后可能会发现很难戒掉)”可知，有的人更容易受同辈压力的影响而做出错误的事情。D选项“Certain people are more affected by peer pressure than others.(有些人比其他人更容易受到同辈压力的影响)”符合语境，故选D。
50．【B】作为末段的首句，应该为该段的主题句，由空后的“Some children find it becomes more difficult to go against the group over time.(有些孩子发现，随着时间的推移，反抗群体变得更加困难)”可知，本段主要讲的是应对同辈压力可能是困难的，因此B选项“Coping with peer pressure can be tough.(应对来自同辈的压力是很困难的)”可作为主题句，故选B。