高考英语一轮复习基础过关练习专题07谓语动词主谓一致 (含解析)
展开专题07 谓语动词主谓一致【学与练】
主谓一致的基础知识
考点一、语法一致
语法一致:就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1. 单数名词、不可数名词、不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数。
☛ His father is working on the farm.
☛ Time is money.
☛ To finish all the work on time is impossible.
☛ Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
☛ The children are in the classroom 2 hours ago.
◆由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多用单数但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,谓语动词用复数。
What I bought were 3 English books.
What I say and do are helpful to you.
2. 由and 或both...and 连接起来的合成主语后面谓语动词用复数。
Lucy and Lily are twins.
She and I are friends.
Both she and he are Young Pioneers.
◆如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就用单数。
The writer and artist has come.
◆由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有each, every, no more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
Every student and every teacher was in the room.
No boy and no girl likes it.
3. 主语后面有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语时,谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。
Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.
She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
4. either, neither, each, every或no+单数neither/neither/none of +复数名词,还有some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Each of us has a new book.
Everything around us is matter.
Neither of the texts is interesting.
None of us has been to South Africa.
5. 定语从句中,关系代词that, which, who 作主语时,谓语动词的数和先行词一致。
He is one of my students who are working hard.
He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
6. 集体名词family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等,指整体时,用单数;指集体的成员时,用复数。
His family is a happy one.
The whole family are watching TV.
The population of China is 1400 million.(人口)
One third of the population here are workers.(人)
◆people, cattle, police作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
7. 由 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of +名词,或者是分数/百分数+名词构成的短语作主语,谓语动词的数由名词的单复数决定。
The rest of the lecture is wonderful.
A lot of time is wasted.
A lot of people take part in the meeting.
2/3 water is drunk by him.
2/3 students are absent.
8. 倒装句中,谓语v.的数与其后的主语一致。
On the wall are many pictures.
Such is the result.
Such are the facts.
考点二、 意义一致原则
1. 表示时间、度量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语,因为其在概念上是一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
Twenty minutes is enough for the work.
One hundred dollars is stolen from the ATM.
2. 如果是书名,片名,格言,剧名,报名,国名等的复数形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。
The Arabian Nights is an interesting story book.
one and a half +复数n.,谓语动词用单数。
One and a half apples is left on the table.
3. 算是中表示数目通常用单数(加减乘除)
4. 表示学科的以-ics结尾的名词作主语,用单数。
Physics is an important subject in middle schools.
Mathematics is the study of numbers.
Politics, economics, athletics等。
5. 复数形式的单复数同形的名词作主语,意义一致。
The glass works was built up in 1980.
These glass works are near the railway station.
6. 由两部分组成的名词,trousers, glasses, shorts, scissors等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。a pair of 等量词时,视情况而定。
7. The + adj. 表示一类人,作主语时用复数。
The young are usually very active.
The old are lonely.
考点三、 就近一致原则
一、就近一致:在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
(1)当两个主语由either … or, neither … nor,whether … or …,not only …but also连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.
他的父母和我都不能说服他改变注意。
(2)there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
There are two pens,a book and three pencils on the desk. 书桌上有两支钢笔,一本书和三支铅笔。
There is a book,two pens and three pencils on the desk. 书桌上有一本书,两支钢笔和三支铅笔。
(3)在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
Here is a map and a handbook for you. 这是一张你的地图和一本手册。
Such are the facts. 事实就是如此。
(4)就远原则:谓语动词与前面主语一致。
主语后面接连接性短语时,这种结构并不影响主语和谓语的关系,即谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致。此类连接性短语有as well as,as much as,along with,with,like,rather than, together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等。
your sister as well as your parents is very kind to me.你姐姐和你父母一样,对我很好。
she,like you and betty,is very clever.像你和betty一样,她也很聪明。
二、"名词+介词短语"作主语
名词或代词后接as well as,with,along with,together with,except,but等短语作主语时,谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
She as well as other students likes playing computer games. 她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。
He with his parents is working in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。
Nobody but you and me knows it. 除了你和我,没人知道。
三 、不定代词作主语
1. 当作主语的名词前有each,neither,either,every修饰或each,neither,either作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
☛Each student has a book. 每一个学生都有一本书。
☛Every minute is important to us. 每一分钟对大家都很重要。
2. 当复合不定代词someone,anyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
☛Somebody is waiting for you outside. 有人在外面等你。
☛Is everybody here today? 今天大家都到了吗?
四、 特殊名词作主语
1. 国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时,即使其形式上是复数,谓语动词也要用单数。
☛The United States lies to the east of China. 美国在中国的东方。(国名)
☛Engels was good at learning foreign languages. 恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名)
2. "the+形容词"作主语时,表示某类人,谓语动词用复数。
☛The sick are taken good care of. 病人得到很好的照顾。
3. 以-s结尾的学科名词,如maths,physics,politics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词,如news,plastics等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。
☛Physics is very difficult for me to learn. 物理对我来讲很难学。
☛The news was very exciting. 这条新闻十分激动人心。
4. 单复数形式相同的名词,如Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。
☛A Chinese wants to see you. 一个中国人想见你。
☛Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那边有10只绵羊在吃草。
五、 表数量概念的词或短语作主语
1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
☛Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就过去了。
2. "many a/more than one+单数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
☛There is more than one answer. 有不止一个答案。
☛Many a student has passed the exam. 许多学生通过了考试。
3. "a number of+名词复数"表示"许多/大量的……",其后的谓语动词用复数;"the number of+名词复数"表示"……的数量",其中心词为number,故谓语动词用单数。
☛A number of farmers are standing over there. 许多农民站在那边。
☛The number of the students in this school has reached over 2,000. 这所学校的学生数量已达到2 000多人。
六、 动名词、不定式和从句作主语
动名词、不定式或从句作主语时,谓语一般用单数。
☛Doing morning exercises is good for your body. 做早操对你的身体有益。
☛To play with fire near a gas station is very dangerous. 在加油站附近玩火很危险。
☛What he said at the meeting is very important. 他在会上的发言很重要。
练单句语法填空
1.If people outside China learned a bit about jasmine tea culture, they would realize there ________ (be) a lot of enjoyment in it.
2.More than one doctor________ (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.
3.However,even though the age has been lowered, there (be) ________ still certain things that will not change.
4.Every student and every teacher________ (like) the book ,which is newly published.
5.Overall, there________ (be) no difference in the nutritional content, although organic food was 30% less likely to contain pesticides.
6.Everything you do quickly________ (become) part of the past ,and so it is that we move through time.
7.Spending one night in the underwater room costs $1.500 for two people on top of the regular cost of the resort, which ________ (vary) depending on the time of year and duration of your stay.
8.It________ (be) a tradition since the kings in the eighth and ninth centuries stopped trading.
9.The classical gardens of Suzhou ________ (be) the most vivid specimens(样本)of culture from the East Yangtze Delta region in the 11th to 19th centuries.
10.Yungang Grottoes (石窟) in Datong, Shanxi Province, are a world cultural heritage (遗产) site with a history that ________ (go) back more than 1,500 years.
11.Practicing, to sum up, ________ (be) of greatest importance for those who are determined to learn knowledge well.
12.What you see now ________ (be) just the shadow of a larger ancestral distribution.
13.The books which were written by Zhou Meisen, a famous writer in Jiangsu, ________ (sell) out here.
14.Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week.
15.Steam engines ________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
16.As they ________ (give) an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours.
17.The food waste in green bags ________ (be) processed on site into pieces to make biogas,which powers the city's buses.
18.Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food ________ (need).
19.The whole class ________ (be) now listening to the teacher attentively.
20.No bird and no beast ________ (see) in the remote island.
21.Not his carelessness but the bad road conditions ________(be) responsible for the accident yesterday.
22.Today the number of people learning English in China ________(be) increasing rapidly.
23.The staff in this shop________ (be) very helpful.
24.Every boy and every girl________(be)asked to be at the school gate before 7:30 tomorrow morning.
25.Either you or I________(be) going to be in charge of this matter.
26.Not only the students but also their teacher________(be) enjoying the film.
27.Many a large and big business________(have) been built up from small ones.
28.The writer and teacher Smith ________(have)gone through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.
29.It is the first time that I________(see) such a big watermelon.
30.The amount of space junk ________ (increase). Over the last few decades, satellites and rockets________ (launch) into space, littering the cosmos as they go.
练短文语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Test 1
Crew members of the Shenzhou XII mission returned to Earth on Friday afternoon, ____1____ (conclude) a historic journey in China's Tiangong space station.
Nie Haisheng and his crew spent 92 days in space since the Shenzhou XII spacecraft ____2____(launch) at the Jiuquan center on June 17. They were the first inhabitants of China's permanent space station ____3____(name) Tiangong, or Heavenly Palace.
During____4____(them) stay in Tiangong, the astronauts carried out two extravehicular activities, or spacewalks, using a large robotic arm and other ____5____(equip) to install and adjust devices outside the station. They also performed a number of scientific experiments and technological tests, and had video calls with President Xi Jinping and hundreds of researchers, teachers and students in Hong Kong.
It is a ____6____ (fruit) trip by any measure, ____7____ proves China's ability to provide a long-term living environment in space. Their work also prepares China for the next steps in its construction. “So far China's manned space programs ____8____ (contribute) greatly to mankind's peaceful development of outer space ____9____ the country will continue broadening and deepening its cooperation and communication with the international community to build the Chinese space station _______10_______ a shared laboratory to bring benefits to all people on the globe.” Zhao Lijian, a spokesman for the Foreign Ministry, told reporters.
Test 2
Michael Jeffrey Jordan ( born February 17, 1963 ), also ____11____(know)by his initials, M J, is an American former professional basketball player, entrepreneur, and majority owner and chairman of the Charlotte Bobcats. His biography on the National Basketball Association(NBA) website states, “By acclamation (喝彩), Michael Jordan is the ____12____ (great) basketball player of all time.” Jordan was one of the most ____13____(effective)marketed athletes of his generation and ____14____(consider) helpful in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s.
After a three-season career at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, ____15____ he was a member of the Tar Heels national championship team in 1982, Jordan joined the NBA’s Chicago Bulls in 1984. He quickly grew as a league star, entertaining crowds ____16____ his plentiful scoring. His leaping ability earned him the nickname “Air Jordan”. He also gained a reputation for being one of the best defensive ____17____(play)in basketball. In 1991, he won his first NBA championship with the Bulls, and followed that achievement with titles in 1992 and 1993, securing a “three-peat”. Although Jordan suddenly retired from basketball at the beginning of the 1993-1994 NBA season to pursue a career in baseball, he rejoined the Bulls in 1995 and led them to three ____18____(addition) championships(1996, 1997 and 1998)as well as an NBA-record 72 regular-season wins in the 1995-1996 NBA season. Jordan retired for ____19____ second time in 1999, _____20_____ returned for two more NBA seasons from 2001 to 2003 as a member of the Washington Wizards.
Test 3
On 30th September, the war epic The Battle at Lake Chang jin came to ___21___(screen). As one of ___22___(expensive) films ever made in China, it quickly shot to the top of the week-long National Day holiday box office, ___23___(motivate) the domestic market to recover from the poor state for more than two months.
With well-known directors and all-star cast, the 176-minute-long film follows Chinese People's Volunteers who joined the battle, which turned ___24___ tide of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950-1953). The movie recreates the violent ___25___ cruel conflict on the Korean Peninsula during the extremely cold winter of 1950, when temperatures dropped ___26___ (sharp) to the lowest level in 50 years.
In 1950, Chinese People’s Volunteers (CPV) Army ___27___(enter) the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) to help to resist U.S. aggression. The heroic CPV soldiers and officers, together with the Korean people and ___28___(arm)forces, risked their lives and fought hard to achieve ____29____(they) ultimate victory in the war.
The Battle at Lake Chang jin has generated strong scores with Chinese film goers——9.5 on Maoyan and 7.6 on Dou ban, ____30____ should assure that it keeps its front runner position throughout the long holiday.
练单句语法填空答案解析
1.【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:如果外国人学一点茉莉花茶文化,就会意识到其中有许多乐趣。宾语从句中描述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语enjoyment 为不可数名词,谓语动词be用第三人称单数。故填is。
2.【答案】was
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:地震后不止一位医生参与了营救,“more than one+名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;根据took可知,时态为一般过去时。故填was。
3.【答案】are
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:然而,即使年龄降低了,仍然有某些事情是不会改变的。此处陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语为things,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are。
4.【答案】likes
【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:每个学生和每个老师都喜欢这本新出版的书。根据从句时态可知,此处应用一般现在时;主语为every student and every teacher,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填likes。
5.【答案】was
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:总体而言,虽然有机食品中农药的含量比普通食品低30%,但两者在营养含量上没有差别。根据句意和后文was可知,此处用一般过去时;主语difference为不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。
6.【答案】becomes
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:你所做的每件事都很快成为过去的一部分,因此我们在时间中前进。根据句意及后文可知,本句描述一般规律,用一般现在时,主语Everything为第三人称单数,主谓一致。故填becomes。
7.【答案】varies
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:在水下房间住一晚的费用为两人1500美元,高于度假村的正常费用,费用取决于一年中的时间和逗留时间。根据句意和前文costs可知,此处应用一般现在时;关系代词which为非限制性定语从句的主语,指代前面的整句话,故谓语动词用vary的第三人称单数varies。故填varies。
8.【答案】has been
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:自从八、九世纪的国王停止贸易以来,这一直是一种传统。时间词since表示“自从”,引导时间状语从句,主句使用现在完成时,表示从过去一直延续到现在的动作,主语it是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填has been。
9.【答案】are
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:苏州的古典园林是11世纪到19世纪长江三角洲东部地区最生动的文化标本。根据句意,此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时;主语为“The classical gardens of Suzhou”,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are。
10.【答案】goes
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:山西大同的云冈石窟是世界文化遗产,可追溯至1500多年前。根据句意可知,词句描述事实情况,所以用一般现在时;分析句子结构可知,“that ____ (go) back more than 1,500 years”是定语从句,用来修饰先行词history,从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致,应用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。
11.【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:总之,对于那些决心学好知识的人来说,实践是最重要的。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为Practicing,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
12.【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。 句意:你现在看到的只是更大规模祖先分布的影子。该句描述现在看到的现状,应用一般现在时;what引导主语从句,谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填is。
13.【答案】have been sold
【解析】考查动词语态。句意:这些书是江苏著名作家周梅森写的,在这里已经卖光了。根据句意可知, sell在此处强调动作, 指书“已经卖完了”,应用现在完成时,sell与主语The books是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填have been sold。
14.【答案】was given
【解析】考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意:艾米和她的兄弟们上周回到村子时受到了欢迎。句子的主语Amy, as well as her brothers与give之间是被动关系,根据时间状语 last week可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。当 as well as 连接两个成分作主语时,谓语要与前面一个主语保持一致。故填was given。
15.【答案】were used
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:车厢由蒸汽机拉动,对于乘客而言在浓烟和噪音下乘车肯定是相当不舒服的。主语Steam engines和谓语动词use是被动关系,且由句中的must have been可知,此处叙述的是过去发生的事情,设空处用一般过去时的被动语态。又因主语是名词的复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。故填were used。
16.【答案】were given
【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:由于收到了英国广播公司(BBC)现场直播的邀请,披头士很快就通过全国巡演在英国成名。主语they与谓语动词give是被动关系,且与句中已有的谓语became时态一致,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是复数,谓语动词用复数。填were given。
17.【答案】is
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句型结构可知,本句的主语“The food waste”是不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式;此处描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。
18.【答案】was needed
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意:农业生产的人均粮食比狩猎和采集来的多,因此人们能够养育更多的孩子。而且,随着更多的孩子出生,需要更多的食物。分析句子结构可知,more food与need构成被动关系,使用被动语态,根据“were able to”和“produced”可知,需用一般过去时,加上food是不可数名词,所以需填was needed。故填was needed。
19.【答案】are
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:全班都在专心听老师讲。结合now listening to可知,此处用现在进行时,class指代“班里的所有学生”,因此谓语动词用are,故填are。
20.【答案】is seen
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在这个偏僻的小岛上,没有鸟和野兽。讲的是事实,时态用一般现在时,“no +名词+ and +no +名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;主语No bird and no beast和谓语动词see之间为动宾关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is seen。
21.【答案】were
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:昨天的事故不是他粗心大意造成的,而是糟糕的道路状况造成的。not …but …固定短语,“不是……而是……”,在句子中连接并列成分,谓语动词根据就近原则,即根据复数名词the bad road conditions。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,用一般过去时态。故填were。
22.【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:今天,中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。the number of“……的数字”做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,此处描述的是客观事实,再根据空后increasing可知,应使用现在进行时。故填is。
23.【答案】are
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这家店的员工非常乐于助人。根据句意,用一般现在时,集体名词staff作主语,意为“工作人员”,句中强调每个员工,视为复数,谓语用复数,故填are。
24.【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:每个男孩和每个女孩都被要求在明天早上 7:30 之前到学校门口。Every boy and every girl作主语,谓语动词为单数。陈述一般事实,用一般现在时。故填is。
25.【答案】am
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:不是你就是我将负责这件事。结合语境可知,此处为为一般将来时;either...or...所在的句子,谓语动词遵循就近原则,跟离得比较近的主语保持一致,此处谓语动词对应的主语是I,be动词用am。故填am。
26.【答案】is
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:不仅学生们而且他们的老师都在欣赏这部电影。此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,not only...but also...所在的句子,谓语动词遵循就近原则,跟离得比较近的主语保持一致,此处谓语动词对应的主语是their teacher,使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
27.【答案】has
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:许多大企业都是由小企业发展起来的。此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响,应使用现在完成时,且主语business和build之间为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,已有been built up,空处需填助动词,主语Many a large and big business为单数概念,助动词用has。故填has。
28.【答案】has
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:作家兼教师史密斯自从搬到悉尼以来,经历了无数的起起落落。根据“ since he moved to Sydney”可知,主句使用现在完成时,已有过去分词短语gone through,空处需填助动词,主语为 Smith,助动词为has。故填has。
29.【答案】have seen
【解析】考查时态。句意:这是我第一次见到这么大的西瓜。固定句型:It is/was the first time that…结构中,that后的从句一般用完成时,此句中主句为一般现在时,所以从句用现在完成时。故填have seen。
30. 【答案】 has been increasing have been launched
【解析】1.考查动词时态。句意:太空垃圾的数量正在增多。根据句意可知,此处可以表示过去发生的动作持续到现在并且还要继续进行下去,应用现在完成进行时。故填has been increasing。
2.考查动词时态及语态。句意:在过去的几十年中,人造卫星和火箭已经发射升空,在宇宙飞散时随地乱扔。根据时间状语over the last few decades可知,应用现在完成时,主语satellites and rockets和动词launch是动宾关系,被发射,应用现在完成时的被动形式。故填have been launched。
练短文语法填空答案解析
Test 1
1.concluding 2.was launched 3.named 4.their 5.equipment
6.fruitful 7.which 8.have contributed 9.and 10.into
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述中国神舟12号载人航天飞船在太空中遨游92天后成功着陆的事情。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国神舟12号宇宙飞船在周五下午带着飞船上的全体航天员安全回到地球,给在中国天宫空间站的历史性的旅行画上了圆满的句号。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里应该填表示主谓关系的非谓语动词形式,表示自然而然的结果。故填concluding。
2.考查谓语动词时态和被动语态。句意:自从6月17日神舟12号飞船被发射升空开始,聂海胜和他的航天员们在太空中度过了整整92天。根据连词“since”可知,此空需要谓语动词;根据这句话的时间状语“on June 17”可知,要用一般过去式;根据句子意思可知,宇宙飞船是被发射;根据主语“the Shenzhou XII spacecraft”可知,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填was launched。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们是被叫做“天宫”的中国永久空间站的第一批居民。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里应该填表示动宾关系的非谓语动词形式。故填named。
4.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:在他们在天宫空间站呆着的期间,这些航天员们实施了2次出舱活动,即太空行走,借助一根很长的机械臂和其它的设备进行舱外的设备安装和调整。根据句子结构可知,此空后面是名词“stay”,所以,前面要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填their。
5.考查名词。句意见第4题详解。根据句子结构可知,此空前面是形容词“other”,所以,空格上要填名词。equipment不可数,故填equipment。
6.考查形容词。句意:无论按照哪种标准来说,这都是一次成果丰硕的旅行,它证明了中国可以提供一个长期的太空居住环境的能力。根据句子结构可知,此空后面是名词“trip”,所以,前面要用形容词修饰名词,“硕果累累的”为fruitful。故填fruitful。
7.考查非限制性定语从句。句意见第6题详解。根据句子结构可知,这句话是非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句的内容,在从句中做主语,所以关系代词要用which。故填which。
8.考查现在完成时。句意:他们的工作也为祖国下一阶段的建设做好了准备。中国外交部发言人赵立坚在采访中说:“到目前为止,中国的载人航天项目为人类在外太空的和平发展做出了巨大的贡献,并且,我们国家也将继续为开拓和加深这方面和世界团体的合作和交流,把中国空间站建立成为一个共享的实验基地,造福全人类。”根据这句话开头的时间状语“So far”到目前为止的意思可知,这句话的谓语动词要用现在完成时;同时,主语China's manned space programs的中心词是复数名词programs,所以谓语动词要用复数形式。故填have contributed。
9.考查并列连词。句意见第8题详解。根据句意和上下文意思可知,这里需要一个并列连词连接上下文的结构,故填and。
10.考查介词。句意见第8题详解。根据“build the Chinese space station 10 a shared laboratory”的结构和意思可知,这里考查短语“build…into…”把……建成为……。故填into。
Test 2
11.known 12.greatest 13.effectively 14.was considered 15.where
16.with 17.players 18.additional 19.a 你20.but
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了NBA历史上最伟大的篮球运动员Michael Jeffrey Jordan的职业生涯及伟大成就。
11.考查非谓语动词。句意:Michael Jeffrey Jordan生于1963年2月17日--同时也以他的姓名简写M J而被人熟知--是前美国职业篮球远动员、企业家和夏洛特山猫对的主要拥有者和俱乐部主席。分析句型可知,此处要填非谓语动词,在句中做状语;空格所填单词know有动词短语be known by (因...而被熟知),去掉be动词即可作为非谓语动词。故填known。
12.考查形容词最高级。句意:NBA官网上他的自传中写到毋庸置疑 Michael Jordan是史上最伟大的篮球运动员。由空格前定冠词the,空格后有名词短语basketball player,所以空格出要填形容词的最高级。故填greatest。
13.考查副词。句意:Jordan是那一代运动员中市场化最有成效的运动员,并且也被认为帮助了NBA在全球更受欢迎。根据空格后有形容词marketed,所以此处用副词来修饰该形容词。故填effectively。
14.考查时态和语态。句意:Jordan是那一代运动员中市场化最有效的运动员,并且也被认为帮助了NBA在全球更受欢迎。根据空格前有并列连词and,括号内给的是动词,此处所填词应该和前面的谓语动词was并列,所以用一般过去时;根据固定短语be considered (被认为是...),故填was considered。
15.考查定语从句。句意:乔丹在北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校度过了三个赛季的职业生涯,并于1982年加入了Tar Heels国家锦标赛队。Jordan于1984年加入了NBA的芝加哥公牛队。分析句型可知此句是非限制性定语从句,先行词是the University of North Carolina,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引起从句。故填where。
16.考查介词。句意:他迅速成为了联盟之星,他疯狂的进球得分让观众十分开心。entertain sb with sth以......来娱乐(款待)某人,为固定短语。故填with。
17.考查名词。句意:作为当时场上最佳防守队员之一,他享誉篮坛。此处考查固定短语结构one of the adj.最高级 + 名词复数(最...的之一)。故填players。
18.考查形容词。句意:尽管 Jordan 在1993-1994赛季前突然宣布退役去追寻他的棒球梦,但是在1995年他又重新加入公牛队,并且带领球队获得连续三届NBA冠军以及1995-1996赛季72场连胜的纪录。根据空格前数词three和空格后名词championships,可知空格处要填形容词。故填additional。
19.考查冠词。句意:Jordan于1999年再次退役,但是于2001年和2003年重返NBA为华盛顿奇才队出战两届赛事。此处考查a/an + 序数词表示再一次,前文说到 Jordan 在1993-1994赛季前突然宣布退役,此次是又一次宣布退役。故填a。
20.考查连词。句意:Jordan于1999年再次退役,但是于2001年和2003年两次重返NBA为华盛顿奇才队出战两届赛事。根据前后句义,此处应该表示转折:他于1999年再次退役,但是2001年和2003年再次出战为华盛顿奇才队打了两届。故填but。
Test 3
21.screens 22.the most expensive 23.motivating 24.the 25.and
26.sharply 27.entered 28.armed 29.their 30.which
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了战争史诗电影《长津湖》上映的情况。
21.考查名词复数。句意:9月30日,战争史诗电影《长津湖》上映。名词screen是可数名词,零冠词可数名词复数表泛指,come to screens“上映”是固定短语。 故填screens。
22.考查形容词最高级。句意:作为中国制作的花钱最多的电影之一,它迅速登上了国庆黄金周的票房榜首,刺激了国内市场从两个多月的较差状态中恢复过来。根据句意以及前文one of可知,此处应用形容词最高级,“one of +形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定搭配。故填the most expensive。
23.考查非谓语动词。句意:作为中国制作的花钱最多的电影之一,它迅速登上了国庆黄金周的票房榜首,刺激了国内市场从两个多月的较差状态中恢复过来。分析可知,非谓语动词motivate“刺激”和主语之间是主动关系,故用其现在分词作状语。故填motivating。
24.考查冠词。句意:由著名导演和全明星阵容组成的这部176分钟长的电影讲述了中国人民志愿军参战的故事,这场战役扭转了抗美援朝战争(1950-1953)的局势。根据句意以及后文of介词短语的修饰可知,此处名词tide应用定冠词the限定名词。 故填the。
25.考查连词。句意: 这部电影重现了1950年极冷的冬天朝鲜半岛上的暴力和残酷冲突,当时气温急剧下降到50年来的最低水平。前文形容词violent和后文形容词cruel是并列关系,故用连词and连接。故填and。
26.考查副词。句意: 这部电影重现了1950年极冷的冬天朝鲜半岛上的暴力和残酷冲突,当时气温急剧下降到50年来的最低水平。修饰动词dropped应用副词。故填sharply。
27.考查动词时态。句意: 1950年,中国人民志愿军(CPV)进入朝鲜民主主义人民共和国(DPRK)帮助抵抗美国的侵略。根据时间状语In 1950可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式。故填entered。
28.考查形容词。句意: 英勇的CPV士兵和军官,与朝鲜人民和武装部队一起,冒着生命危险,进行了艰苦的战斗,取得了他们战争的最终胜利。根据后文名词forces可知,此处应用过去分词转化的形容词armed修饰名词,作定语。故填armed。
29.考查代词。句意:英勇的CPV士兵和军官,与朝鲜人民和武装部队一起,冒着生命危险,进行了艰苦的战斗,取得了他们战争的最终胜利。主语The heroic CPV soldiers为第三人称复数,故此处应用第三人称复数的形容词性物主代词,修饰名词短语ultimate victory。故填their。
30.考查定语从句。句意:《长江湖之战》在中国电影观众中获得了很高的评分——猫眼评分9.5分,豆瓣评分7.6分,这应该能确保该片在整个长假期间保持领先者的位置。 分析可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为scores,关系代词which引导从句,在从句中用作主语,指代事物。故填which。
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