2023届高考英语二轮复习：完形填空（含解析）

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习：完形填空（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了高考原题，考情分析，说明文，夹叙夹议文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（3）完形填空—2023届高考英语一轮复习揭秘高考原题【新高考】
一、高考原题
1.（2022年新高考）    My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
    Some of our    1    are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we    2    along Chalk Creek. I was    3    that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was    4    , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So    5    tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It    6    —he didn't end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
    Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we    7    , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly    8    our peaceful morning trip. The    9    picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to    10    the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No    11    . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there    12    , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed(拖) us back. We were    13    .
    Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of    14    , wondering what camping fun and    15    we will experience next.
1.A.ideas     B.jokes     C.memories     D.discoveries
2.A.camped     B.drove     C.walked     D.cycled
3.A.annoyed     B.surprised     C.disappointed     D.worried
4.A.unhurt     B.unfortunate     C.uncomfortable     D.unafraid
5.A.due to     B.instead of     C.apart from     D.as for
6.A.worked     B.happened     C.mattered     D.changed
7.A.signed up     B.calmed down     C.checked out     D.headed off
8.A.arranged     B.interrupted     C.completed     D.recorded
9.A.wind     B.noise     C.temperature     D.speed
10.A.find     B.hide     C.start     D.fix
11.A.luck     B.answer     C.wonder     D.signal
12.A.patiently     B.tirelessly     C.doubtfully     D.helplessly
13.A.sorry     B.brave     C.safe     D.right
14.A.relief     B.duty     C.pride     D.excitement
15.A.failure     B.adventure     C.performance     D.conflict
2.（2021年新高考）阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
    My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time,    1    little bunny(兔子) cakes for all its    2    throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for    3    help during our spring break, for which I had no    4    beyond listening to my favorite records. I'd    5    minimum wage. I'd see how a factory    6    . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their    7    .
    Our    8    in the factory were simple. Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing(糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.    9    bunny from the belt. This was    10    than it sounds.    11    a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd    12    .
    Dad    13    . The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood    14    food in Bernardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you    15    the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
1.A.sold     B.ordered     C.made     D.reserved
2.A.stores     B.families     C.schools     D.citizens
3.A.generous     B.financial     C.technical     D.temporary
4.A.plans     B.problems     C.excuses     D.hobbies
5.A.offer     B.earn     C.set     D.suggest
6.A.worked     B.closed     C.developed     D.survived
7.A.ambition     B.permission     C.experience     D.invitation
8.A.joys     B.ideas     C.roles     D.choices
9.A.Save     B.Keep     C.Stop     D.Remove
10.A.harder     B.better     C.longer     D.cheaper
11.A.Calm down     B.Slow down     C.Stay on     D.Move on
12.A.indicated     B.witnessed     C.expected     D.remembered
13.A.cried     B.smiled     C.hesitated     D.refused
14.A.tasting     B.finding     C.sharing     D.delivering
15.A.withdraw     B.donate     C.receive     D.appreciate
3. （2020年新高考）   Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second      1    . He learned the value and beauty of     2     there from a very young age.
    When he was 16, Molai began to notice something     3     happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the     4     it caused had driven away a number of birds.     5    , the number of snakes had declined as well. He     6     that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the     7    . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek     8     during the daytime. He turned to the     9     department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and     10     a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
        11     young plants in the dry season was     12     for a lone boy. Molai built at the     13     of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to     14     rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below.
    Molai     15     to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
1.A.dream     B.job     C.home     D.choice
2.A.nature     B.youth     C.culture     D.knowledge
3.A.precious     B.interesting    C.disturbing     D.awkward
4.A.waste     B.tension     C.pain     D.damage
5.A.Besides     B.However     C.Therefore     D.Otherwise
6.A.agreed     B.realized     C.remembered     D.predicted
7.A.noise     B.heat     C.disease     D.dust
8.A.directions     B.partners     C.help     D.shelter
9.A.labor     B.police     C.forest     D.finance
10.A.rebuilt     B.discovered     C.left     D.managed
11.A.Decorating     B.Observing     C.Watering     D.Guarding
12.A.tough     B.illegal     C.fantastic     D.beneficial
13.A.back     B.top     C.foot     D.side
14.A.cool down    B.keep off     C.purify     D.collect
15.A.returned     B.learned     C.failed     D.continued
二、考情分析
一、记叙文
记叙文是一种以写人记事为主要内容、以叙述为主要表达方式的文体。它主要包括历史故事、人物传记、逸闻趣事等。文章多交代when、where、who、what、how五个要素。

应对技巧：
1 读懂文章首句
首句往往是整篇文章的引领句，概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图，是文章发展过程的重要线索。细读首句可以判断文章体裁，预测语篇解读和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助考生建立正确的思维导向，对理解全文起着至关重要的作用。所以在仔细阅读了首句后，应快速阅读全文，确定文章的文体、主旨和结构。一般地，记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W（When，Where，Who，What），这为我们理解文章提供了一个“窗口”。
2 理清事件发展顺序
记叙文类文章以叙述为主，一般按事件发展的顺序来叙述，正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要意义。因此，在选择答案时，要按照事情发展的顺序，从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，同时认真比较所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的答案。
3 注意上下文呼应
近几年高考完形填空单纯考查语法知识的题很少，多数题目必须借助对上下文的理解才能得出正确答案。短文中每个空白处的词和上下文在意义和结构上都有着必然的联系。因此，考生必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性。在了解语篇大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给的词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题。

二、议论文
议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据和论证。要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文，论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下种情况：①开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点。然后再通过具体的论据去证明论点，论据有时候既有正面的，也有反面的。最后总结全文。②导入式提出论点。有些议论文会先叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去证明自己的论点。③最后提出论点。有些议论文，作者一开始仅仅是列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，然后通过对具体现象的分析，自然地得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。答题时要注意理清论点、论据和论证。一般来说，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在点里得到印证，而能说明论点主要内容的答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来。抓住了这个特点，部分选项的答案便一目了然。

应对技巧：
1从首句入手，找出中心
2 利用原词复现，寻找近义词语
完形填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中，有时也会出现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或者近义词。考生要充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断，选出正确答案。
3 依据行文逻辑关系，准确辨析词义

三、说明文
说明文类完形填空题常常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章用来说明某一种社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题等。说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。因此，这类文章的每一个段落通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括和说明。说明文一般有四种结构模式：①总分式。包括“总分”“分总”“总分总”等具体形式；②递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。③并列式。文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分，各层之间的关系是并列的、平等的。④连贯式。各层之间按照事物发展过程安排层次，前后互相承接。

应对技巧：
1 利用总分原则，理清段落关系
符合“总分式”结构的说明文通常有两种情况：一是先说一句总结性的话，后面分几个方面阐述或举例说明；二是从几个方面叙述细节情况，然后用一句总结性的话进行归纳。
2 运用顺势承接或者逆向对比，巧妙选择答案
根据空格前后的内容推测出它们之间的关系，根据它们之间的关系选出答案，这属于顺势承接当文章的上下语句间含有一些与空格处意义相反或相对的词汇时，就要运用逆向对比法。

四、夹叙夹议文
夹叙夹议类的文章是高考完形填空中较有难度的体裁，也是容易造成考生失误的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道，寓意深刻，可读性强。因此对这种类型的完形填空，大家应该引起足够的重视。高考夹叙夹议类的完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：
（1）先叙述作者自己亲历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
（2）先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来论证，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以论证。
（3）提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例论证，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。
解答夹叙夹议类完形填空必须做到整体合一，“大环境”与“小环境”有机结合，其中叙是议的基础，议是叙的渗透和延伸。因此，在逐个解题的过程中要注意叙述与议论之间的相互转换，及时调整自己的思维方式，切不可偏离所叙及所议之事，按自己的思路分析题目。

应对技巧：
1 首尾遥相呼应，主题鲜明统一
大多数夹叙夹议类完形填空的尾段是文章的结论段落，是对前面所述故事的分析评论，这样与首段往往形成呼应的效果，所以考生做此类文章时，要仔细分析首段与尾段的这种对应关系。
2 行文逻辑推理，增强语篇意识
夹叙夹议文，文章以叙述为主，绝大多数篇幅是作者在描述事件，而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中。这就要求考生增强语篇意识，在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，做出选择。
3 围绕主题，了解作者的写作意图
夹叙夹议文虽然在讲故事、描述人，但都是作者为了表达某个主题而精心编排的，所以字里行间都渗透着作者的意图，即作者意在通过文章告诉读者道理。如果考生对作者的写作意图不了解，会引起系列的错误认识，导致几个选项连续错误。一般来说，作者讲故事是为了给人经验、教训，那么行文中的词汇应该是与其有关的；如果作者是为了讲述生活中的哲理，那么词汇应该是积极向上的。
三、变式训练
4.    In high school Norman Greenstein was a productive doodler (涂鸦手), and created lots of paintings. When he     1     his works to his teacher, the teacher responded, "The problem with modern art is that you can     2     on a canvas (画布) and call it art." Norman felt so disappointed, but he     3     parted with art over the years.
    After his     4    , Norman spared no efforts to     5     his wife and three children with devotion. Although life was sometimes hard for him, it didn't ruin his     6     for creative expression. After being diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, the 65-year-old social worker, decided to turn his     7     diagnosis into a positive opportunity to     8     a lifelong dream.
    With the help of his son, Norman was able to start a     9     involving his whole family, in order to make his own works     10     by all people around him, as well as his     11     experience of fighting against Parkinson's disease.
    In 2021, an online     12     was launched to feature the colorful canvases and he also     13     a memoir (回忆录) called Spit on a Canvas: the Journey of the Parkinson's Painter. Meanwhile, Norman began selling his first paintings, with galleries exhibiting his works. The team is also     14     releasing (发布) Norman's first digital NFT art collection. 20% of all     15     has been donated to two Parkinson's research foundations.
1. A. found     B. lent     C. offered     D. showed
2. A. practise     B. spit     C. sneeze     D. concentrate
3. A. still     B. occasionally     C. never     D. frequently
4. A. retirement     B. explanation     C. graduation     D. marriage
5. A. support     B. respect     C. provide     D. share
6. A. calling     B. praying     C. longing     D. waiting
7. A. unbelievable     B. dark     C. embarrassing     D. unsolved
8. A. claim     B. change     C. realize     D. delay
9. A. project     B. request     C. competition     D. connection
10. A. spotted     B. recommended     C. developed     D. regarded
11. A. strange     B. tough     C. upset     D. stressful
12. A. museum     B. library     C. programme     D. gallery
13. A. published     B. copied     C. revised     D. examined
14. A. ending with     B. working on     C. giving up     D. paying for
15. A. salary     B. rewards     C. sales     D. allowance
5.    My first diet was in the second grade, and I remember the day clearly. I had overheard a family friend     1     my mom to take me for regular walks. Her     2     was clear: I was fat and needed to lose weight. I felt embarrassed and thought I was not      3     enough.
    That marked the beginning of my problem with     4    . As a seven-year-old child, I thought if I ate vegetables, the weight would     5    . On that spring day I ate more vegetables than I could and stepped on the scale (磅秤). I was     6     why the number on the scale never dropped. Wasn't I     7     the right way? I was unable to think it clearly. That evening I looked at the starry sky and prayed to be     8    . But as the years passed, I was still fat.
    Things     9     in the ninth grade. That spring, I joined the school track team and lost weight. I thought I was quite good enough because I was invited to the best parties     10    . That fall, I entered high school and joined a competitive dance team. The stress of competitions was a heavy burden, and I slowly began gaining back the weight. The pressure to be good enough was too much for me to     11    . So, I began comforting myself from the days' struggles by     12     whatever was in the fridge; I caught bulimia (贪食症).
    My parents caught on over the months. There were various     13     of my illness. They noticed them in my     14     like taking more trips to the bathroom and locking myself in the bedroom. I hit rock-bottom when my parents     15     my "secret". I was forced to go to a doctor for a physical exam, and it helped me recover physically and mentally.
1. A. trouble     B. order     C. advise     D. choose
2. A. message     B. purpose     C. decision     D. task
3. A. cool     B. smart     C. good     D. funny
4. A. study     B. sport     C. mood     D. food
5. A. remain     B. drop     C. hide     D. increase
6. A. confused     B. desperate     C. scared     D. amazed
7. A. standing     B. behaving     C. dieting     D. treating
8. A. healthy     B. skinny     C. beautiful     D. strong
9. A. improved     B. appeared     C. worked     D. changed
10. A. frequently     B. eventually     C. immediately     D. gradually
11. A. admit     B. handle     C. believe     D. avoid
12. A. wasting     B. sharing     C. buying     D. eating
13. A. results     B. worries     C. signs     D. effects
14. A. attitude     B. behavior     C. reaction     D. thought
15. A. prevented     B. refused     C. discovered     D. showed
6.    My bed is the best part of my home, where I go to find   1   after a long stressful day. However, lately, I get   2  just looking at it. I can't fall asleep. I'm a   3   of insomnia(失眠).
    I'm not   4  : studies show more than one in three people worldwide   5   insomnia. Some people can get to sleep on time, but   6   much too early; others get a full-night sleep but still feel very   7   when they wake up. And then there are people like me, ordinary insomniacs who toss and turn all night.
    Insomnia is a side effect of   8  . To find the cure, doctors first find out the   9   by keeping a "sleep diary", in which you   10   your sleep habits. The   11   may indicate lifestyle patterns, which are causing your problem. A specialist in sleep disorders writes, "a good sleep diary can   12   allow the patients to 'cure themselves'."
    A good night's sleep is created during the day.   13   in the beginning of the day, and stay away from caffeine in the afternoon. After dark, dim the lights and try to   14   stress. Our bodies like   15   patterns. If you can't fall asleep, try listening to soft music. You'll most likely be asleep.
1. A. courage     B. relaxation     C. decision     D. wisdom
2. A. confident     B. skeptical     C. nervous     D. curious
3. A. victim     B. specialist     C. recorder     D. witness
4. A. sad     B. alone     C. pleased     D. afraid
5. A. refers to     B. adapts to     C. benefits from     D. suffers from
6. A. get up     B. look up     C. wake up     D. turn up
7. A. exhausted     B. concerned     C. embarrassed     D. frightened
8. A. entertainment     B. anxiety     C. hesitation     D. loneliness
9. A. approach     B. data     C. symptom     D. cause
10. A. develop     B. record     C. break     D. change
11. A. effect     B. cure     C. doctor     D. diary
12. A. seldom     B. rarely     C. often     D. occasionally
13. A. Sleep     B. Work     C. Read     D. Exercise
14. A. experience     B. accumulate     C. reduce     D. inspire
15. A. consistent     B. various     C. normal     D. irregular
7.    As a high school senior, I took Calculus(微积分). I had a famous teacher, Mr Winkler. There was group work in that class, and challenging tasks intended to help students to really    1    why Calculus worked. But I wasn't good at it. So I took my "C", which Mr Winkler was    2    enough to provide. Later I went off to college, fully    3    to never study math again.
    But at college, I met Professor Howard Bernstein. We talked about the classes, the subjects, and the whats and whys of    4    . We talked about what it meant to be educated. I got inspired to examine why I    5    math. So the following semester I took Calculus. Finally I earned an A+. My college Calculus professor was polite, but he was not a    6    teacher than Mr Winkler. The    7    was me: I, the student, was ready to learn.
    Last year, my daughter was in second grade. I'd heard    8    reports of her teacher. Her teacher turned out to be a    9    fit for my daughter. But for some of my daughter's friends, she was great.     10    my daughter's third-grade teacher has been wonderful for her, and she's gone from "hating math", to considering "    11    teacher" as a future career.
    Sometimes we have teachers who    12    us, while we also have others we're just not yet ready to learn from. And sometimes we have teachers whom we just don't    13    . That's a natural part of the human experience.
    Teaching is a(n)    14    job, and different students have different needs at different times in their lives. The most I can reasonably    15    of their teachers is that their teachers try to be the best for all kids.
1.A.dig into     B.set down     C.ask for     D.take in
2.A.strict     B.kind     C.lucky     D.careful
3.A.waiting     B.attempting     C.agreeing     D.intending
4.A.education     B.scores     C.study     D.growth
5.A.missed     B.learned     C.hated     D.chose
6.A.gentler     B.stricter     C.harder     D.better
7.A.problem     B.difference     C.decision     D.value
8.A.puzzled     B.positive     C.mixed     D.negative
9.A.suitable     B.formal     C.good     D.bad
10.A.Thankfully     B.Fearfully     C.Hopefully     D.Finally
11.A.language     B.math     C.music     D.art
12.A.love     B.impress     C.inspire     D.influence
13.A.understand     B.mind     C.fear     D.like
14.A.great     B.special     C.boring     D.interesting
15.A.remind     B.warn     C.rob     D.ask
8.    Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic(满腔热忱的) musician. He once said that if he hadn't been a scientist, he would have been a    1    . "Life without playing music is inconceivable for me," he said. "I get most    2    in life out of music."
    Einstein's mother was a talented pianist who    3    music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the    4    at the age of six. However, he worked hard until he    5    the joys of Mozart's sonatas(奏鸣曲) at the age of 13. From that    6    on, although he had no further lessons, his violin    7    his companion(伴侣).
    When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have    8    much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music    9    in the school, and the examiner reported that "a student called Einstein shone in the    10    felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas." In addition to his great    11    in playing the violin, he also played the piano and,     12    , loved to improvise(即兴创作).
    In late life, Einstein's reputation(声誉) as a physicist often led to    13    to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the    14    of the violinist Einstein that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch, who wrote "There are many musicians with much    15    skills, but none, I believe, ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling."
1.A.physician     B.musician     C.politician     D.reporter
2.A.joys     B.money     C.ideas     D.energy
3.A.played     B.sent     C.created     D.brought
4.A.violin     B.piano     C.knowledge     D.game
5.A.loved     B.tracked     C.discovered     D.confirmed
6.A.location     B.space     C.access     D.point
7.A.turned     B.remained     C.appeared     D.seemed
8.A.devoted     B.spent     C.lost     D.wasted
9.A.performance     B.presentation     C.exhibition     D.examination
10.A.hardly     B.deeply     C.carelessly     D.honestly
11.A.skill     B.patience     C.care     D.courage
12.A.after all     B.in particular     C.at large     D.by accident
13.A.contributions     B.applications     C.invitations     D.prizes
14.A.reaction     B.destination     C.summary     D.instruction
15.A.broader     B.funnier     C.wilder     D.better




答案以及解析
1.答案：1-5 CADCB 6-10 ADBAC 11-15 ADCDB
解析：1.前文说过去10年作者一家有美好的野营经历(My husband...over the past ten years), 下文说"especially from the early years when our children were little", 由此判断此处应选C, 表示"记忆, 回忆"。idea"想法"; joke"玩笑"; discovery"发现"。
2.根据下文的"He was    4    , and his crying let the whole campground know it"可知, 此处表示作者一家选择在Chalk Creek旁边露营, 因此应选A, 表示"露营, 野营"。
3.根据空后的"that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪)"可知, 这里说的是作者担心自己15个月的孩子会掉进小溪里, 因此选D。
4.前文说作者"tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot", 下文提到孩子哭叫。由此可推知, 孩子哭叫是因为他被绳子拴住腰部感到不舒服(uncomfortable), 因此选C。注意文中细致的描述并厘清故事的脉络才能正确解答本题: 被绳子拴住→不舒服→哭叫。
5.前文说作者给15个月大的孩子系上绳子, 孩子因不舒服而哭叫, 下文说"I just kept a close eye on him", 由此可知, 这里表示作者不再用绳子拴着他, 因此选B, 表示"而不是, 代替"。
6.根据上文内容和下文中的"he didn't end up in the creek"可知, 这里表示作者在露营的时候一直密切关注自己15个月大的孩子, 这一招很有效, 孩子没有掉进小溪里, 故选A。
7.根据语境可知, 此处指作者一家人出发时天气还是晴朗的, 但暴风雨快速来临了。因此这里应用head off表示"出发"。
8.根据语境及常识可知, 这里指突如其来的暴风雨打断了作者一家平静的旅途, 因此选B, 表示"打断"。
9.前文说山中暴风雨来得很快, 再结合空后的"picked up and thunder rolled"可知, 此处应选A, 表示"风越来越大"。
10.根据空前的"stopped fishing"及下文中的"We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor"可知, 作者一家人乘坐的船原本停在湖面, 作者的丈夫在钓鱼, 暴风雨来临之后丈夫赶紧启动(start)船只的发动机, 因此选C。
11.结合前文的"Nothing"和下文中的"We were stuck in the middle of the lake"可知, 作者的丈夫再次启动发动机, 不幸的是还是发动不了, 故选A。
12.前文说发动机发动不了, 船被困在湖中, 由此可推知, 当时作者一家人无计可施, 因此选D, 表示"无助地"。
13.前文说作者一家人被困湖中, 此时一个渔民把作者一家人拖到岸边, 由此可推知最终我们"安全"了, 因此选C。
14.下文说"wondering what camping fun and    15    we will experience next", 由此可知, 作者很喜欢这样的经历, 因此选D, 表示"兴奋"。
15.根据前文对两次野营经历的描述可知, 此处应用名词adventure表示"奇遇, 冒险"。
2.答案：1-5 CADAB 6-10 ABCDA 11-15 BCBDD
解析：1.此处指“我”最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是一个烘焙厂的经理,在复活节的时候,烘焙下店里做了小兔子蛋糕。 make cakes"做蛋糕"。
2.此处指的是Betsy的父亲所在的烘焙厂为在克利夫兰所有的分店做小兔子蛋糕。
3.此处指烘焙厂春假期间需要8个孩子暂时帮忙。 D项“短暂的;临时的”。
4.根据空后的"beyond listening to my favorite records"可知,春假期间,“我”除了听最喜欢的唱片外,没有什么计划。
5.此处指通过在烘焙厂帮忙赚得工资。B项“挣得; 获得”。
6.此处指“我”可以了解工厂是怎么运作的。
7.根据空前的"My parents thought all of this was a grand idea"可知,“我”父母觉得这是一个好主意同意“我”去帮助,于是给Betsy的父亲打了电话。
8.根据本段内容可知,此处指孩子们的任务很简单。
9.根据文中的"Place cakes on a moving belt..."及 "the cakes pile up"可知,此处指把蛋糕放在一个传送带上加工之后,再把它取下。D项“移开;取下”。
10.根据本段最后一句中的"it was all a little more high-pressure"可知,此处指工作比听起来要难。
11.根据语境可知,这项工作比听起来要难,是因为一旦我们速度慢了一点,蛋糕就会堆起来。
12.根据上文可知,做这项工作的压力比料想的更大。
13.根据语境可知,此处指父亲听了“我”的亲身体会后,知道我开始了解赚钱不易了,所以父亲笑了。
14.此处指作为一个杂货商的儿子,父亲孩提时代整个夏天都在新泽西州的伯纳兹维尔送货。
15.此处指这种劳动会让你珍惜所赚得的钱。
3.答案：1-5.CACDA; 6-10.BBDCB; 11-15.CABDD
解析：1.文章首句提到Molai在一个小村庄长大,结合语境可知,此处表示一些湿地变成了他的第二个家(home)。
2.根据上文提到的湿地和下文讲述的Molai为保护动物而种树可知,这里指的是在很小的年纪,他就知道了自然(nature)的重要性和美丽。
3.根据下文表述的洪水发生了,鸟和蛇的数量都减少了可知,这里指的是他家周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。
4.根据语境和空后的"it caused"可知,这里指的是洪水带来的破坏(damage)。
5.空前提到鸟的数量减少了,空后提到蛇的数量也减少了,故此处用Besides(此外)。
6.根据语境可知,这里指的是他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树。
7.根据下句中的"during the daytime"并结合常识可知,这里指的是没有足够的树去保护这些动物免受热(heat)的伤害。
8.根据空前的"plant trees"及语境可知,解决方法是种树,以便于这些动物在白天可以寻求到庇护(shelter)。
9.根据上文提到的解决方法是种树以及下文中的"for help but was told that nothing would grow there"可知,他向林业部门求助。forest"林区,森林"符合语境。
10.根据空前的"Molai went looking on his own"以及空后的"a nearby island where he began to plant trees"可知,此处表示他发现了(discovered)一个附近的岛屿。
11.根据下文中的"The water would then drip(滴落) on the plant below"及语境可知,这里指的是在旱季给小树浇水,故用Watering。
12.根据空后的"for a lone boy"可知,对这个男孩来说,独自一个人在旱季给小树浇水是艰难的(tough)。
13.根据下文中的"The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below"可知,他是在每棵幼树的顶部(top)搭建竹台。
14.根据空前的"where he placed earthen pots with small holes"和空后的"rainwater"以及"The water"可知,这里指用陶罐收集(collect)雨水。
15.根据空后的"to plant trees for the next 37 years"以及下文可知,他是在接下来的37年中继续(continued)种树。
4.答案：1-5 DBCDA 6-10 CBCAA 11-15 BDABC
解析：1.根据下文老师对Norman Greenstein 说的话可知,老师在看过他的作品—也就是在他向老师“展示”自己的作品后,老师才会对他说那些话。show意为“展示”,故选D。
2.根据老师对Norman Greenstein的作品的评价可知,老师对现代艺术存在误解,又根据最后一段中的“a memoir(回忆录) called Spit on a Canvas: the Journey of the Parkinson's Painter.”可知,此处是指在画布上“吐唾沫”。spit意为“吐唾沫”,故选B。
3.根据下文可知;Norman重拾自己的绘画梦想,并举办画展。由此可知,此处是指尽管感到失望,但这么多年他“从未”放弃艺术。never意为“从未”,故选C。
4.根据空后的“…Norman spared no efforts to     5     his wife and three children with devotion.”可知,这是在叙述他结婚之后的情况。marriage意为“结婚;婚姻”,故选D。
5.结合语境并分析四个选项可知,此处是指婚后他全心全意地“养活”他的妻子和三个孩子。support意为“养活”,符合语境。respect意为“尊敬”;provide意为“提供”;share意为“分享,有同样的感情(或想法、经历等)”,均不符合语境。
6.根据上文的“Norman felt so disappointed, but he     3     parted with art over the years.”可知,虽然生活有时对他来说是艰难的,但这并没有摧毁他对创造力表达的“渴望”。longing意为“渴望”,故选C。
7.根据“turn his...into a positive opportunity”可以判断出,此处应填与positive含义相反的词,故选B,此处dark意为“忧郁的,无望的”。
8.根据下文可知,Norman重拾自己的绘画梦想,并在儿子的帮助下举办了画展。由此可知,此处是指Norman决定去“实现”自己毕生的梦想。realize意为“实现”,故选C。
9.根据空前的start并分析四个选项可知,在儿子的帮助下,Norman开展了一个全家人都能参与的“项目”。project意为“项目”,故选A。request意为“要求”;competition意为“比赛”;connection意为“联系”,均不符合语境。
10.由上下文可知,此处是指,在儿子的帮助下,Norman能够开展一个全家人都能参与的项目,以让自己身边的所有人都能看到他自己的作品,以及自己与帕金森病斗争的经历。spot意为“看见”,符合语境。develop意为“发展”;recommend意为“推荐”;regard意为“把……视为”,均不符合语境。
11.根据常识可知,与帕金森病做斗争的经历必然是“艰难的”。故选B。
12.根据下文的“….Norman began selling his first paintings, with galleries exhibiting his works.”可知,Norman 的画是在线上“美术馆”展出的。gallery意为“美术馆;画廊”,故选D。
13.根据空后的“a memoir(回忆录) called Spit on a Canvas: the Journey of the Parkinson's Painter.”并分析四个选项可知,此处是指他“出版了”一本回忆录。publish意为“出版”,故选A。copy意为“复制”;revise意为“修改”;examine意为“检查”,均不符合语境。
14.由上下文可知,此处是指,该团队还致力于发布Norman的首套数字NFT艺术作品集。分析四个选项:end with意为“以……结束”;work on意为“致力于……;从事……”;give up意为“放弃”;pay for意为“支付”。故选B。
15.根据本段第二句“Meanwhile, Norman began selling his first paintings, with galleries exhibiting his works.”可知,此处是指20%的“销售额”将被捐赠给两个帕金森病研究基金会。sale意为“销售额”,故选C。
5.答案：1-5 CACDB 6-10 ACBDA 11-15 BDCBC
解析：1.考查动词。根据下句中的I was fat and needed to lose weight可知,一位家族朋友认为作者胖,需要减肥。而作为朋友应是“建议”作者的妈妈定期带作者去散步。故选C。
2.考查名词。根据上下文内容可知,作者无意中听到一位家族朋友和妈妈的谈话。而“作者胖,需要减肥”是谈话中那位家族朋友所传达的“信息”。故选A。
3.考查形容词。根据第三段中的I thought I was quite good enough及The pressure to be good enough可知,“觉得自己不够好”是作者多年来节食的内在原因。此处与下文照应,指出了作者的内心想法。故选C。
4.考查名词。根据下文内容,尤其是第三段中的I caught bulimia(贪食症)可知,这件事是作者患“饮食”问题的开始:从一开始的“吃蔬菜减肥”到最后的“患上贪食症”。故选D。
5.考查动词。由上文中的“I felt embarrassed and thought I was not 3 enough.”可知,作者因为胖而觉得尴尬,觉得自己需要减肥,所以此处是说作者认为如果自己吃蔬菜,体重就会“下降”。下文why the number on the scale never dropped中的dropped是本空的原词复现。故选B。
6.考查形容词。根据下文“Wasn't I 7 the right way? I was unable to think it clearly.”可知,作者想不明白体重不下降的原因,为此感到“困惑”。confused意为“困惑的”;desperate意为“绝望的”;scared意为“恐惧的”;amazed意为“吃惊的”。故选A。
7.考查动词。根据文章首句中的My first diet was in the second grade及第二段中的“…I thought if I ate vegetables, the weight would 5 .”可知,作者尝试节食后体重却没有下降,所以此处是指作者怀疑自己的“节食”方法出了问题。故选C。
8.考查形容词。根据上文作者减肥的想法及下句“But as the years passed, I was still fat.”可知,此处是指那天晚上,作者望着星空,祈祷自己能变“瘦”。故选B。
9.考查动词。根据上句中的I was still fat和下句中的lost weight可知,此处是指在九年级时,事情发生了“变化”。故选D。
10.考查副词。根据空前的because可知,前后句之间存在因果关系。再结合I thought I was quite good enough可知,此处是指作者“经常”被邀请参加最好的聚会。故选A。
11.考查动词。理解语境可知,此处是指“足够优秀”的压力太大了,作者“应付”不来。分析四个选项可知,只有B项符合语境,handle意为“应付”。
12.考查动词。根据下文I caught bulimia(贪食症)可知,作者开始通过“吃”冰箱里的东西来宽慰自己。故选D。
13.考查名词。根据下文中的taking more trips to the bathroom and locking myself in the bedroom可知,作者频繁上厕所,而且把自己锁在卧室里。再结合常识可知,这是患贪食症的“迹象”。故选C。
14.考查名词。本空后的taking more trips to the bathroom and locking myself in the bedroom是作者的“行为”。attitude意为“态度”;behavior意为“行为”;reaction意为“反应”;thought意为“思想”,故选B。
15.考查动词。根据上文中的“My parents caught on over the months.”以及下文的I was forced to go to a doctor for a physical exam可知,作者的父母“发现了”作者的秘密。故选C。
6.答案：1-5 BCABD 6-10 CABDB 11-15 DCDCA
解析：1.句意：我的床是我家里最好的地方，在漫长而紧张的一天结束后，我会去那里放松(relaxation)一下。courage勇气； decision决定； wisdom智慧。由after a long stressful day可知，作者去床上是为了放松。故选B项。
2.句意：不过，最近我一看见它就紧张（nervous)。confident自信的； skeptical怀疑的; curious好奇的。结合后文“I can't fall asleep.”可知，作者睡不着，所以一看见床就紧张。故选C项。
3.句意：我睡不着，我是失眠的受害者（victim)。specialist专家； recorder记录员； witness证人。
4.句意：我不孤单（alone):研究显示全世界超过三分之一的人患有失眠。sad悲伤的； pleased高兴的； afraid害怕的。
5.suffer from insomnia遭受失眠之苦。refer to 参考； adapt to适应； benefit from受益于。
6.句意：有些人可以按时睡觉，但醒（wake up)得太早；另一些人睡了一整晚，但醒来时仍然感到非常疲惫。get up起床； lookup查找； turn up出现。
7.句意：……另一些人睡了一整晚，但醒来时仍然感到非常疲惫(exhausted)。concerned担心的; embarrassed尴尬的； frightened害怕的.。
8.句意：失眠是焦虑（anxiety)的副作用。entertainment娱乐； hesitation犹豫； loneliness孤独。结合句意及常识可知，失眠可能是由焦虑造成的。故选B项。
9.句意：为了找到治疗方法，医生们首先要通过记录你的睡眠习惯的睡眠日记来找出病因（cause)。approach方法； data数据； symptom症状。
10.结合上文 keeping a “sleep diary”可知，需要记录(record)下你的睡眠习惯。develop发展; break打破； change改变。
11.句意：日记（diary)可以展示你的生活方式，这可能是造成你的问题的原因。effect效果; cure治疗； doctor医生。结合前文的sleep diary可知，此处是指睡眠日记。故选D项。
12.句意：睡眠障碍专家写道，“好的睡眠日记常常（often)能让病人自我治愈。” seldom很少; rarely罕有; occasionally偶尔。
13.句意：早上要锻炼（exercise)，下午要远离咖啡因。sleep睡觉； work工作； read阅读。结合前文中的“A good night's sleep is created during the day.”可知，要在早上进行锻炼。故选D项。
14.句意：天黑后，把灯调暗，尽量减轻（reduce)压力。experience经历; accumulate积累; inspire激励。
15.句意：我们的身体喜欢始终如一的（consistent)模式。various多样的； normal正常的; irregular不规则的。
7.答案：1-5 ABDAC 6-10 DBCDA 11-15 BCDBD
解析：1.句意为: 在那门课上有小组学习, 还有一些挑战性的任务, 旨在帮助学生真正探究微积分为什么起作用。dig into意为"探究"; set down意为"写下"; ask for意为"要求"; take in意为"吸收, 欺骗"。根据空前的There was group work和空后的why Calculus worked可推知, 小组学习的目的就是探究微积分为什么起作用。故选A项。
2.句意为: 所以我得了C, 那是温克勒先生好心给我的。根据上文的But I wasn't good at it.可知, 作者不擅长微积分, 由此推知能得到C都是老师好心给的。故选B项。
3.句意为: 后来我去上大学了, 打算完全不再学数学了。intend意为"打算"。结合上文提到作者的微积分不好, 因此推知他打算大学不再学习数学。故选D项。
4.句意为: 我们讨论了课程、科目以及教育的内容和原因。score意为"得分, 进球"; study意为"学习, 研究"; growth意为"成长, 增长"。根据下文的We talked about what it meant to be educated.可知, 作者和大学老师谈论了有关教育的话题。故选A项。
5.句意为: 我受到启发, 想看看我为什么讨厌数学。hate意为"讨厌"。根据上文的never study math again可推知, 作者曾经讨厌数学。故选C项。
6.句意为: 我的大学微积分教授很有礼貌, 但他并不比温克勒先生更好。根据上文的Finally I earned an A+.和下文提到微积分成绩不同的原因在于作者本身可推知, 大学的微积分老师并不比之前的老师好。故选D项。
7.句意为: 不同的是我: 我, 这个学生, 已经准备好学习了。根据上文的I took my "C"和Finally I earned an A+.可知, 此处是指微积分成绩不同的真正原因在于作者的改变, 即不同之处是"我"。故选B项。
8.句意为: 关于她的老师, 我听到的说法褒贬不一。puzzled意为"困惑的"; positive意为"积极的, 肯定的"; mixed意为"混合的"; negative意为"消极的, 否定的"。根据下文提到老师不适合作者的女儿, 但女儿的朋友却认为老师很好可推知, 大家对老师的评价褒贬不一。故选C项。
9.句意为: 她的老师被证明不适合我的女儿。suitable意为"适合的"; formal意为"正式的"。根据下文的But for some of my daughter's friends, she was great.可知, 上下文形成转折关系, 老师适合女儿的朋友, 但不适合女儿。故选D项。
10.句意为: 幸好, 我女儿三年级的老师对她很好, 她已经从"讨厌数学"变成了考虑把"数学老师"当作未来的职业。thankfully意为"幸好"; fearfully意为"恐惧地"; hopefully意为"有希望地"; finally意为"最后"。空后的my daughter's third-grade teacher has been wonderful for her可知, 女儿三年级的数学老师很好, 这是一件幸运的事, 作者万分感激。故选A项。
11.句意见上一题解析。根据空前的my daughter's third-grade teacher has been wonderful for her, and she's gone from "hating math"可推知, 作者的女儿从讨厌数学变成了以后想成为数学老师。故选B项。
12.句意为: 有时, 我们有一些给我们灵感的老师, 而我们也有一些我们还没有准备好向他们学习的老师。impress意为"使......铭记, 使......印象深刻"; inspire意为"启发, 鼓励"; influence意为"影响"。空后的while we also have others we're just not yet ready to learn from中, while表示上下文对比, 由此可知上文指一些能够启发我们的老师。故选C项。
13.句意为: 而且有时我们会遇上我们不喜欢的老师。根据上文Sometimes we have teachers who _____ us, while we also have others we're just not yet ready to learn from.可知, 此处与上文描写了对老师的两种不同情感, 故此处指遇上不喜欢的老师。故选D项。
14.句意为: 教学是一项特殊的工作, 不同的学生在生活的不同时期有不同的需求。根据空后的different students have different needs at different times in their lives可知, 老师的工作非常特殊。故选B项。
15.句意为: 我对他们的老师最合理的要求是, 他们的老师要尽力成为所有的孩子最好的老师。remind意为"提醒"; warn意为"警告"; rob意为"抢"; ask意为"询问, 要求"。根据空后的their teachers try to be the best for all kids可知, 这是作者对老师的合理要求。故选D项。
8.答案：1-5 BADAC 6-10 DBADB 11-15 ABCCD
解析：1.根据上文Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician.可知, 此处应该指的是音乐家, 故选B项。
2.根据上文中的Life without playing music is inconceivable for me可推断, 音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣, 故选A项。
3.根据上文中的Einstein's mother was a talented pianist可知, 是爱因斯坦的母亲把音乐带到了家庭生活中, 故选D项。
4.根据下文中的although he had no further lessons, his violin _____ his companion可知, 此处应该指的是小提琴, 故选A项。
5.根据上文可知, 音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣, 此处应该指的是发现乐趣, 与上文呼应, 故选C项。
6.根据上文中的until he _____ the joys of Mozart's sonatas at the age of 13可知, 从那个时刻起, 小提琴就一直陪伴着他, 故选D项。
7.根据上文中的although he had no further lessons可知, 上下文构成转折关系, 所以此处指的是他的小提琴一直陪伴着他。故选B项。
8.根据下文中的much of his time to music可知, 他投入了大量的时间, 且devote...to意为"贡献......给", 符合语境, 故选A项。
9.根据下文的the examiner可知, 此处指的应该是音乐考试, 故选D项。
10.根据下文的In addition to his great _____ in playing the violin, he also played the piano可知, 他的表演非常出色, 感人至深, 故选B项。
11.根据下文中的he also played the piano and, _____, loved to improvise可知, 本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧, 故选A项。
12.根据上文中的In addition to his great _____ in playing the violin, he also played the piano可知, 此处是进一步赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧, in particular意为"尤其", 后接内容与空前呈递进关系, 符合语境, 故选B项。
13.根据下文中的perform at benefit concerts可知, 此处指他受邀请去演奏, 故选C项。
14.根据下文中的There are many musicians with much _____ skills, but none, I believe, ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling可知, 此处是对爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱的总结, 故选C项。
15.设空处所在句将爱因斯坦和其他音乐家的技巧进行比较, 并且前后构成转折关系, 所以此处应该指的是更好的技巧, 故选D项。