新高考英语二轮复习课时练第1部分阅读理解与阅读七选五专题1第9 体裁微解新闻报道 (含解析)

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习课时练第1部分阅读理解与阅读七选五专题1第9 体裁微解新闻报道 (含解析)，共12页。
新闻报道的第一句往往为全文的中心句(tpic sentence)，因此在这个句子中主要讲清what(事件)，when(时间)，where(地点)和wh(人物)，而在下文则要补充事件的过程和细节，往往包括why(目的或原因)和hw(具体过程)等。新闻报道的一些常用语包括It is reprted that...，As is reprted...，Accrding t the reprt...，It is estimated that...等。新闻报道亦为记叙文，时态一般要用过去时；主句、从句结构清晰，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。主要具有以下特点：
新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素，事件经过和各方反应，很少去探究事件背后深层次的原因。新闻报道的体裁主要有消息、通讯，通常采用记叙的方式来讲清事实(即时间、地点、人物、事件、原因)，强调用事实说话，注重准确客观。因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节。具体答题策略如下：
(2019·浙江·B)
Mney with n strings attached. It’s nt smething yu see every day.But at Unin Statin in Ls Angeles last mnth，a bard went up with dllar bills attached t it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What Yu Can，Take What Yu Need.”
Peple quickly caught n.And while many tk dllars，many thers pinned their wn cash t the bard.“Peple f all ages，races，and sci-ecnmic(社会经济的) backgrunds gave and tk，” said Tyler Bridges f The Tlbx，which created the prject.“We even had a bride in her wedding dress cme up t the bard and take a few dllars.” Mst f the bills n the bard were singles，but a few peple left fives，tens and even twenties.The vide clip(片段) shws ne man wh had fund a $ 20 bill pinning it t the bard.
“What I can say fr the flks that gave the mst，is that they were full f smiles，” Bridges said.“There’s a certain feeling that giving can d fr yu and that was apparent in thse that gave the mst.”Mst peple wh tk dllars tk nly a few，but Bridges said a very small number tk as much as they culd.
While the clip might lk like part f a new ad campaign，Bridges said the nly gal was t shw genersity and sympathy.He added that he hpes peple in ther cities might try similar prjects and pst their wn vides n the Internet.
“After all，everyne has bad days and gd days，”he said.“Sme days yu need a helping hand and sme days yu can be the ne giving the helping hand.”
24．What des the expressin “Mney with n strings attached.” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Mney spent withut hesitatin.
B．Mney nt legally made.
C．Mney ffered withut cnditins.
D．Mney nt tied tgether.
答案 C
解析 句意理解题。根据下文的内容并结合木板上写的“Give What Yu Can，Take What Yu Need.”可知，附在木板上的钱是可以随意取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C。
25．What did Bridges want t shw by mentining the bride?
A．Wmen tended t be mre sciable.
B．The activity attracted varius peple.
C．Ecnmic prblems were getting wrse.
D．Yung cuples needed financial assistance.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“Peple f all ages， had a bride”可推知，Bridges提到新娘参与该活动是为了说明参与人员的多样性，故选B。
26．Why did Bridges carry ut the prject?
A．T d a test n peple’s mrals.
B．T raise mney fr his cmpany.
C．T earn himself a gd reputatin.
D．T prmte kindness and sympathy.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句并结合全文内容可知，Bridges开展这个活动的目的是提倡仁慈和同情，故选D。
A
Launched in Singapre last Nvember，Hng Kng-based cmpany Omnifds has intrduced a range f six plant-based sea fds t stand in fr tuna，crab and whitefish.Similar t their prk substitutes，the new prducts are said t ffer a safe and alternative surce f prtein while tackling envirnmental cncerns like verfishing and wrsening f the seas.
Omnifds’ expansin cmes at a time when the market fr plant-based prducts is grwing.Accrding t Enterprise Singapre，lcal interest in sensible cnsumptin dubled in 2021，and flexitarians—peple wh primarily eat a plant-based diet but ccasinally cnsume meat r seafd—represent the fastest grwth.The cean is anther reasn cited as the need fr plant-based seafd.The average persn here cnsumed 22kg f seafd last year，surpassing the glbal average f 20kg.The Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature(WWF) als bserved that three quarters f the seafd served in Singapre is unsustainable.Besides，fish farming invlves the use f chemicals t prevent disease and parasites and these chemicals then accumulate in fish tissues，which becmes a serius threat t peple’s health.
Omnifds says their prducts address all these cncerns.Made primarily frm nn-genetically mdified sybeans，the plant-based alternatives are free f harmful substances，abslutely safe.The cmpany pinted ut that the prducts share a similar lk，feel and taste f the real thing.“We’ve dne pilt taste tests with friends，family，and ne sushi restaurant.Many admire the appearance and muthfeel that ur tuna prduct has as well as its nutritinal benefits.Nw we are struggling t imprve ur prduct until it’s an exact match r tastes better than animal-based tuna，” added David Yeung.
Besides Omnifds，Singapre cmpanies are als explring the alternative seafd market.Grwthwell Grup recently raised US $22 millin t fund its attempt int shrimp，squid and crab made using chickpea prtein.“Glbal demand fr plant-based meats is als shting up，with the value set t reach US $ 23.2 billin by 2024，” said market research cmpany Eurmnitr.
1．Which is the highlight f the plant-based seafd?
A．Being reasnably-priced.
B．Being physically-appealing.
C．Being envirnmentally-friendly.
D．Being persnally-tailred.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的tackling envirnmental cncerns可知，植物性海鲜的亮点是环保。故选C。
2．What des paragraph 2 mainly fcus n?
A．The recent trend in peple’s diet.
B．The ptential risks f fishing farming.
C．The methds f Omnifds expanding its business.
D．The factrs driving the ppularity f plant-based seafd.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，此段主要讲的是推动植物性海鲜受欢迎的因素。故选D。
3．Which best describes the prspect f the alternative seafd market?
A．Prmising. B．Risky.
C．Wrrying. D．Uncertain.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句和最后一段可推知，替代海鲜市场的前景非常乐观。故选A。
4．What’s the best title f the text?
A．Real Seafd Is t be Replaced
B．Alternative-seafd Has a Lng Way t G
C．Omnifds：A Pineer f Plant-based Seafd
D．Next Fd Frntier：Seafd Made Frm Plants
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合文章主要介绍了推动植物性海鲜受欢迎的因素以及这一行业的前景情况可知，D项“下一个食品前沿：植物制造的海鲜”最符合文章标题。故选D。
B
(2022·安徽江南十校一模联考)
Watching his father die withut xygen supprt while suffering frm a heart attack in 2020，Taher Mahmud Tarif，a Bangladeahi by，made up his mind t build a device t prevent any mre such tragic deaths.Afterwards，many COVID-19 patients experienced lw xygen levels in their bld，with demand fr xygen cncentratrs(浓缩器) amng ther medical equipment shting up during the recent sharp rise in cases.Tarif said the situatin gave him mre driving frce t build the device.
With the financial and verall supprt f Ishwardi UNO ffice and his educatinal institutin，Tarif’s determinatin and tireless effrts were rewarded with success as the ninth grader f Ishwardi Sara Marwari High Schl managed t make the cncentratr after trying five times fr abut seven mnths，mainly using dmestic cmpnents.He said that a lcally made xygen cncentratr like his csts apprximately $760 whereas an imprted ne des ver $2,600.
In June，Tarif gave a detailed accunt f his inventin and manufacture at the UNO ffice in Ishwardi at 11∶00 am n Tuesday.He said it was created frm his wn thinking and with the additin f lcal technlgy generatrs and electric cmpnents.An xygen cncentratr takes in air and remves nitrgen(氮气) frm it，leaving xygen-enriched gas fr use by peple needing medical xygen.“Abut 90 percent xygen cncentratin can be generated frm my xygen cncentratr machine.This machine can prvide high-flw xygen supply t.It can be very handy in lcal areas with n scpe f getting xygen supprt，” Tarif added.
“This is bviusly a gd inventin fr xygen generatin.It is capable f prducing high-flw xygen s it can be used fr patients r refilling xygen bttles，” said an assistant prfessr f Pabna Medical Cllege Hspital.“Despite mre lab and ther examinatins befre using the machine as medical equipment，” the UNO said，“Tarif’s inventin will prbably be a great achievement during this alarming COVID-19 situatin.”
5．Why did Tarif build an xygen cncentratr?
A．Because his father needed ne.
B．Because his father died f COVID-19.
C．Because COVID-19 patients need xygen.
D．Because he wants t help save ther patients.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知，Tarif 的父亲因缺氧去世以及新冠病人需要氧气的现状是他发明氧气压缩机的动机，即为了拯救更多因缺氧而危在旦夕的病人。故选D。
6．What can we knw abut Tarif’s inventin in paragraph 2?
A．It mstly cnsists f lcal parts.
B．It succeeded at the first attempt.
C．It was made withut thers’ help.
D．It csts mre than 2,600 dllars.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“mainly using dmestic cmpnents”可知，Tarif的发明主要使用国内配件。故选A。
7．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Tarif’s inventin has nt been tested yet.
B．Tarif’s inventin has a prmising future.
C．Tarif’s inventin prduces xygen bttles.
D．Tarif’s inventin has prved useful fr COVID-19.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然这项发明在正式作为医疗器械之前还需要更多的试验和测试，但它很可能将在应对疫情中发挥重要的作用。故选B。
8．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary. B．A brchure.
C．A newspaper. D．A nvel.
答案 C
解析 文章出处题。本文围绕孟加拉国少年Tarif发明氧气压缩机而展开，第一段介绍了氧气压缩机的发明背景，第二段叙述了Tarif发明氧气压缩机的过程，第三段说明了氧气压缩机的工作原理，最后一段展望了氧气压缩机的应用前景。所以本文很有可能是一篇选自报纸的新闻报道。故选C。
强化练(十七) 新闻报道
A
Desperate t help his 96-year-ld mther t speak her mther tngue again，Keith McDermtt made an appeal n scial media and was met with a fld f kind respnses.The ld lady，Ray，was mved t tears after talking n the phne with ne f the enthusiastic respndents in Welsh.
Ray mved t America after meeting her husband when she was nly 18，hence waving gdbye t her life in Wales.She cntinued t speak Welsh with her mum—keeping a little bit f hme.But she lst her belved mum fur decades ag and hadn’t spken Welsh ever since.
Despite suffering frm shrt-term memry lss and smetimes nt remembering what she has dne recently，Ray’s childhd memries in Wales remain clear.“She wants t return but I knw，given her age，such lng-distance travel is ut f the questin，” said Keith.“Once she mentined ‘I wish I culd speak Welsh again but I suppse I never will.’ It was then that I thught I shuld make her wish happen.”
S Keith,70，psted n scial media in the New Yrk Welsh area asking fr any Welsh speakers that culd speak Welsh with his mum.And he was tuched，as well as a little shcked，t receive ver 30 respnses within half an hur.Keith thanked everyne and eventually asked Melisa t give his mum a phne call.“Speaking with Melisa，her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty.A few mre Welsh cnversatins and I think she’d be fluent again，” added Keith.
“When yu have a parent in their nineties，yu will find yu tw have smething in cmmn：yu’re bth ld，s I am very sympathetic t my mther’s feelings f lneliness and islatin(孤立)．I’m feeling it myself.” Keith hpes t set up mre Welsh phne cnversatins fr his mum and Melisa has prmised t send Ray sme shrt stries in Welsh t remind her f her life in Wales.
1．Why did Keith pst a message n scial media?
A．T gather American Welsh speakers.
B．T help his mum speak Welsh again.
C．T slw dwn his mum’s memry lss.
D．T track dwn his family’s Welsh rigin.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Keith在社交媒体上发信息是想帮他妈妈再次说威尔士语。故选B。
2．Hw did Keith feel after seeing the respnses?
A．Surprised and mved.
B．Cncerned and thankful.
C．Sympathetic and excited.
D．Astnished and islated.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，Keith看到这些回应后，感到既吃惊又感动。故选A。
3．What is cnveyed in the stry?
A．Scial media cntribute t clser family ties.
B．Mther tngue means mre than a language.
C．Childhd experiences shape ne’s later life.
D．One will be mre sensitive when getting lder.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段并结合整篇文章内容可知，这篇文章传达了这样一个理念：母语不仅仅意味着一种语言，它是内心深处的一种细腻温暖的情感的体现。故选B。
4．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A cmmunity nticebard.
B．A health magazine.
C．A language-learning website.
D．A lcal newspaper.
答案 D
解析 文章出处题。根据第一段第一句并结合整篇文章内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermtt急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。由此可见这是一则新闻报道，最可能出现在当地的一家报纸上。故选D。
B
(2022·福建漳州质检)
Guy Bryant never intended t be a father figure.But ver the past 12 years，he’s hused mre than 50 fster kids in his Brklyn apartment.
Fr decades，Bryant,61，wrked with teens aging ut f New Yrk’s child welfare system.His jb was t find services that wuld make the transitin(过渡) t living n their wn easier.But he felt that what he culd accmplish at the New Yrk City Administratin fr Children’s Services ffice wasn’t enugh.S in 2007，he decided t becme a fster parent.
In an interview last mnth，Bryant tld Rmari Vassell,21，ne f his fster children，that agreeing t care fr him was definitely ne f the best decisins he made in fster care.Bryant tld Vassell that he was nervus when he tk in his first fster child.He said，“I lived alne at that pint，and he was a kid that nbdy wanted t take because f his behavirs.He gt in a fight and he appeared at my huse.”Bryant said his family thught he was ut f his mind fr making such a big lifestyle change and wndered hw Bryant wuld adjust.
Bryant had been Vassell’s assigned case wrker when they met.Bryant suggested that Vassell，then an untidy 18-year-ld，cnsider fster care as an ptin t get ut f the hmeless shelter where he was staying.
At first，Vassell was hesitant.“I didn’t knw hw fster care was，” he said.
Since living with Bryant，Vassell nw feels like he has a supprt netwrk.“If I feel dwn and like I’m crnered，I have smene I can reach ut t and talk t，” he said.“And that’s what I really lve.”
Bryant tld Vassell，“Whatever yu’ve learned frm me，I want yu t teach it t smene else.Because that’s what’s imprtant t me.”
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Guy Bryant收养了50多个孩子的善举。)
5．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．The shift f teens’ life.
B．An intrductin f Bryant’s task.
C．Bryant’s challenge as a fster parent.
D．The reasn fr Bryant’s being a fster parent.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第二段第三、四句可知，第二段的主要内容是Bryant成为养父母的原因。故选D。
6．Hw did Bryant’s family feel abut his decisin?
A．Disappinted. B．Ashamed.
C．Puzzled. D．Embarrassed.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Bryant的家人对他的决定感到不解和困惑，故选C。
7．What can we knw abut Vassell frm the text?
A．He is nw living alne.
B．He was Bryant’s first fster kid.
C．He refused Bryant’s ffer at first.
D．He was instructed t pay kindness frward.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，瓦塞尔被教导要继续行善。故选D。
8．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T call fr scial care.
B．T praise Bryant’s deeds.
C．T tell the stry f Vassell.
D．T cmment n Bryant’s life.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是Guy Bryant收养了50多个孩子的善举，因此本文的目的是赞美Bryant的事迹。故选B。
C
Half f all wrk tasks will be handled by machines by 2025 in a shift likely t wrsen inequality，a Wrld Ecnmic Frum reprt has frecast.
The think tank said a “rbt revlutin” wuld create 97 millin jbs wrldwide but destry almst as many，leaving sme cmmunities at risk.Rutine r manual jbs in administratin and data prcessing were mst at threat f autmatin，WEF said.But it said there wuld be a need fr new jbs in care，big data and the green ecnmy.
The WEF surveyed 300 f the wrld’s biggest cmpanies，with mre than 8 millin emplyees glbally.Mre than 50% f emplyers surveyed said they expected t speed up the autmatin f sme rles in their cmpanies，while 43% felt they were likely t cut jbs due t technlgy.
WEF said the pandemic(疫情) had sped up the adptin f new technlgies as firms lked t cut csts and adpt new ways f wrking.But it warned wrkers nw faced a duble threat frm “accelerating autmatin and the ecnmic impact frm the COVID-19”．
“These things have deepened existing inequalities acrss labr markets and remved gains in emplyment made since the glbal financial crisis in 2007－2008，” said Saadia Zahidi，managing directr at WEF.“The windw f pprtunity fr active management f this change is clsing fast.”
WEF said currently arund a third f all wrk tasks were handled by machines，with humans ding the rest，but by 2025 the balance wuld shift.Rles that relied n human skills such as advising，decisin-making，reasning，cmmunicating and interacting wuld rise in demand.There wuld als be a sudden large increase in demand fr wrkers t fill green ecnmy jbs，and new rles in areas like engineering and clud cmputing.
But it said millins f rutine r manual jbs wuld be displaced by technlgy，affecting the lwest paid，lwest skilled wrkers the mst.It said millins wuld need t be re-skilled t cpe with the change，while gvernments wuld have t prvide “strnger safety nets” fr displaced wrkers.
9．Wh are included in “sme cmmunities” mentined in Paragraph 2?
A．Unskilled wrkers.
B．Sftware engineers.
C．Career cnsultants.
D．Organic farmers.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由第二段第二、三句可知，世界经济论坛指出行政和数据处理方面的常规或体力工作受自动化的威胁最大。不过护理、大数据和绿色经济领域将出现新的就业岗位，说明“机器人革命”使非技术工人处于危险之中，让他们失去就业机会，由此可知，sme cmmunities包含非技术工人。故选A。
10．What is the purpse f Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A．T analyse the reliability f the figures and facts.
B．T prvide supprting evidence fr the main idea.
C．T intrduce tw events fr discussin.
D．T highlight tw causes f the effects.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，世界经济论坛的一份报告预测，到2025年，一半的工作任务将由机器完成，这种转变可能会加剧不平等，第三段用数据表明“多数雇主希望加快公司某些职位的自动化进程，裁员，使用机器来工作”，第四段讲“新冠疫情加速了新技术(机器)的采用”，因此这两段都在为第一段提出的观点提供支持性证据。故选B。
11．What d the displaced peple expect their gvernments t d?
A．Slw dwn the autmatin.
B．Strengthen scial security.
C．Imprve netwrk safety.
D．Prmte the Rbt Revlutin.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句可知，下岗工人希望政府为自己提供“更强大的安全网”，结合下岗工人无工作、无收入的处境，“更强大的安全网”在此处意为“加强社会保障”。故选B。
12．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Further Inequalities frm the Rbt Revlutin
B．A Duble Threat frm Autmatin and Pandemic
C．Half f All Wrk Tasks t Be Lst
D．Half f All Wrk Tasks t Be Autmated
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲由于雇主使用机器来工作，人们会失去一些工作岗位，一半的工作任务将实现自动化。故选D。选材
新闻报道要突出新闻性，作者应避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。
内容
新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及时、重要、趣味可读，时效性极强。
结构
标题＋导语＋正文＋结束语
语言
短小精悍(常用代词)；客观真实(被动语态和间接引语的使用)。
命题
题型主要为观点推断题；考查语篇衔接，推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容；考查主旨归纳题。
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。本文向读者介绍了Tyler Bridges创办的一项“尽你所能，取你所需”的活动。这一活动吸引了许多不同的人，其唯一目的就是证明人们的慷慨和同情心。结果显示，人们付出的多，拿取的少，达到了预期的效果。
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了去年11月，总部位于香港的Omnifds公司在新加坡推出了6种植物性海鲜，取代了金枪鱼、螃蟹和白鱼。还介绍了推动植物性海鲜受欢迎的因素以及这一行业的前景情况。
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。孟加拉国的一位少年在经历了父亲因缺氧去世，又目睹了新冠疫情下众多病人因缺氧生命危在旦夕之后，在自己的不懈努力和当地联合国组织的资助下，成功利用国内配件自制出氧气压缩机。
语篇解读 这是一则新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermtt急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。世界经济论坛的一份报告预测，到2025年，一半的工作任务将由机器完成，这种转变可能会加剧不平等。