新高考英语二轮复习课时练第2部分完形填空与语法填空专题4第2 有提示词类名词、代词、形容词和副词 (含解析)

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习课时练第2部分完形填空与语法填空专题4第2 有提示词类名词、代词、形容词和副词 (含解析)，共15页。
名词的变化主要包括名词变复数、名词所有格和名词的词形变化。
附表 名词变复数
注意 1. 除了上表中的情况以外，还有一些特殊变化的名词如：
German→Germans human→humans stmach→stmachs chief→chiefs belief→beliefs
2．两个名词组成的合成词一般只变后一个名词，如 apple trees，factry wrkers；但是和man，wman组成的合成词两个词都要变复数，如wmen teachers，men dctrs
技法二 如何确定代词的词形变化
技法三 如何确定形容词和副词的词形变化
附表1 形容词变副词的规则
注意 以下单词是特殊的形式：whle-whlly public-publicly shy-shyly
附表2 形容词、副词变比较级或最高级
Grup 1 达标练
1．After refrm and pening-up，teahuses flwered in China with the develpment f the ecnmy and evident imprvement f peple’s(peple) living standards.
2．(2022·福建莆田质检)A highlight f the villages is the dining halls，which will ffer 678 dishes t athletes frm diverse cultural backgrunds(backgrund)．
3．As is shwn in the cmments f the audience，the spirits f the heres wh fught bldily fr ur cuntry and the peple have arused their(they) natinal pride and reminded them t value tday’s peaceful life.
4．By the age f 23，she has visited all the cuntries in an effrt t challenge herself(she) and push the limits f what she believed was pssible fr a female traveler.
5．But the mst valuable (value) experience f all was discvering a new sense f independence，she said.
6．It was the first rad in China with three clred dividing lines，and has successfully(successful) applied fr natinal intellectual prperty certificatin.
7．The best time t start thinking abut pssible careers is while yu are still at schl，befre yu make any chice abut yur further(far) educatin.
8．As a result，China has the furth largest(large) number f museums in the wrld next t the United States，Germany and Japan.
9．(2022·江西八校联考)Accrding t fficial statistics，ver 346 millin Chinese peple have participated in winter sprts training，amateur r prfessinal(prfessin) cmpetitins，r winter sprts leisure activities，surpassing the gal f 300 millin the gvernment set in 2015 when Beijing wn the Olympic bid.
10．(2022·江西九江二模)China’s cmmitment t engage 300 millin peple in winter sprts has already becme a reality(real)．
Grup 2 真题练
1．As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day，the birthplace f tea and the largest(large) tea-prducing cuntry，China has a respnsibility(respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.(2022·全国乙)
2．The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremny，pening its(it) first exhibitin：The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.(2022·全国乙)
3．The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ppulatins(ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas，and eventually(eventual) achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
4．Why d we dream？Scientists aren’t cmpletely sure，and they have diverse ideas(idea).
(2021·北京)
5． decided it was time fr sme actin and what better(gd) than t ride n a piece f histry！(2021·全国甲)
6．It will undubtedly(undubted) help yu get refreshed! (2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
7．This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple living in the cuntryside，including lwer(lw) levels f incme and educatin，higher csts f healthy fds，and fewer sprts facilities.(2021·浙江1月)
8．It is calculated by dividing a persn’s (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared，and a BMI f between 19 and 25 is cnsidered healthy.(2021·浙江1月)
9．As well as lking at exhibits，visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins(模拟) and imagine themselves(they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
10．Histrical accuracy(accurate) is imprtant but s is entertainment.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
A
Yang Liu，a 25-year-ld inheritr f single bamb drifting(独竹漂)，has given ver 3,000 perfrmances f the traditinal sprt acrss China in the past 10 years.She desires 1. (familiarize) peple with it nt just in the cuntry but the entire wrld.
Brn and 2. (bring) up in Zunyi，Guizhu，Yang started learning drifting n a bamb ple n the water when she was seven.In the 3. (begin)，she treated it just as a way t keep fit.But later n，she develped 4. interest when she managed t pull ff sme basic dance mves while drifting n the water.
5． each brave attempt，her cnfidence grew.She 6. (late) applied traditinal Chinese cstumes，Hanfu，t her perfrmances.A girl in Hanfu dancing n the water—it was a sight t behld.
7． Yang didn’t just stp there.Having a sft crner in her heart fr 8. (disable) peple，she integrated sign language int her dance，thus nt nly prmting Chinese culture，but als telling peple that “as lng as yu are willing t make 9. (attempt)，yu can als find yur value.”
Since 2020，Yang has been actively ppularizing the technique n scial media platfrms，where she 10. (earn) millins f fllwers and likes frm hme and abrad.
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了独竹漂传承人杨柳的个人经历。)
1．答案 t familiarize
解析 考查非谓语动词。desire后面接不定式作宾语。故填t familiarize。
2．答案 brught
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句主句谓语动词是started，所以设空处动词需填非谓语形式，由于动词bring和Yang是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以bring需用过去分词形式。故填brught。
3．答案 beginning
解析 考查名词。in the beginning是固定短语，意为“起初”。故填beginning。
4．答案 an
解析 考查冠词。结合句意可知，她后来将独竹漂培养成一种爱好，所以interest前需加不定冠词，由于interest发音以元音音素开头，所以此处应填an。故填an。
5．答案 With
解析 考查介词。分析句子结构可知， each brave attempt充当的是伴随状语，“with＋名词/名词短语”结构符合条件，又因为句首字母要大写，故填With。
6．答案 later
解析 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填副词，充当状语，修饰整个句子。later是副词，意为“后来”，可充当该句时间状语。故填later。
7．答案 But
解析 考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，设空处前后之间形成转折关系，需填表转折的连词but。句首字母要大写。故填But。
8．答案 disabled
解析 考查形容词。由设空处后面的“sign language”可知，她融入手语到舞蹈当中，所以此处指的是身患残疾的人，disabled peple表示“残障人士”。故填disabled。
9．答案 attempts
解析 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填名词充当动词make的宾语，此处可数名词attempt前面没有限定词，所以需用复数形式。故填attempts。
10．答案 has earned
解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处充当谓语。由时间状语Since 2020可知，设空处需用现在完成时。从句主语she是单数，所以从句谓语动词需用单数形式。故填has earned。
B
The term “China-Chic” characterizes the rise f China’s native fashin trends.It has expanded the cncept f “Made in China”，1. is usually regarded as the assurance f the quality f prducts.
In recent years，“Made in China” has 2. (increasing) been recgnized as the representatin f Chinese culture 3. (ffer) by hmegrwn Chinese brands，r simply “China-Chic”．
The initial 4. (adpt) f the term “China-Chic” was similar t “Brit Style”， which represents a unique fashin trend mainly defined by the cuntry’s differentiating cultural 5.___________(element)．
Designers in the fashin industry were 6. first t feature traditinal Chinese patterns and characters，garment textiles and crafting technique in 7. (they) newest cllectins.The eye-catching clrs and styles created a visual feast that many have never seen befre，quickly 8. (turn) the cllectins int best sellers.
Under such influence，yung peple gradually 9. (shift) their attentin frm pp culture imprted frm Japan，Krea and the West and started t develp interest 10. traditinal Chinese art and literature，practicing Chinese calligraphy and musical instrument，such as Guzheng.
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是“China-Chic”这个词产生的背景。)
1．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指物，因此空格处填关系代词which。
2．答案 increasingly
解析 考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词recgnized，故填increasingly。
3．答案 ffered
解析 考查过去分词。句中谓语是“has (increasing) been recgnized”，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填ffered。
4．答案 adptin
解析 考查名词。initial是形容词，修饰名词，adpt的名词是adptin，意为“采用”，是不可数名词，故填adptin。
5．答案 elements
解析 考查名词复数。element是可数名词，differentiating意为“不同的”，其后跟复数名词，故填elements。
6．答案 the
解析 考查定冠词。first是序数词，表示“第一”，前面加定冠词，故填the。
7．答案 their
解析 考查物主代词。Designers和“newest cllectins”是所属关系，用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词短语“newest cllectins”。故填their。
8．答案 turning
解析 考查现在分词。句中谓语是created，空格处用非谓语动词，前面描述的事情和turn之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词作状语，故填turning。
9．答案 shifted
解析 考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空格处与后面的started为并列谓语动词，and前后时态一致，故填shifted。
10．答案 in
解析 考查介词和固定短语。develp interest in是固定短语，意为“对……产生兴趣”。故填in。
强化练(二十九) 语法填空(2)
A
The Winter Olympic Games are nt just an pprtunity fr athletes t win medals and hnur fr their cuntries.Every fur years，1. Games als ffer audiences a chance t get t knw mre abut winter sprts frm arund the wrld.The Winter Olympics may nt have the large crwds and huge stars f 2. (it) summer sibling(兄弟)，but they share the same Olympic spirit.
One f the 3. (ppular) sprts f the Winter Olympic Games is skiing.Skiers cmpete in the dwnhill and slalm(回转赛)，and in the shrt and lng crss-cuntry ski races.Skiing was 4. (riginal) a sprt played nly in cld nrthern cuntries，but nw athletes frm all ver the wrld cmpete in this sprt，even thse frm cuntries 5. any snw!
Skaters cmpete with each ther in speed races r in figure-skating(花样滑冰) events.The figure-skaters are generally cnsidered 6. (be) the stars f the Winter Olympic Games.These ice princes and princesses are s graceful that it’s easy t frget that they are actually highly skilled 7. (athlete)．
The skeletn 8. (name) after the shape f the metal sleds used in the 1890s，when the sprt first started.It is a dwnhill sled race，usually n ice.This sprt lks a little like the luge(无舵雪橇)，9. a persn sits n the back f the sled with his r her feet frward，but the skeletn is a lt mre exciting and dangerus than that.In the skeletn，a persn lies n his r her stmach n the sled，with his r her head 10. (pint) dwnhill!
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3个冬奥会的比赛项目。)
1．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，Games指冬奥会，所以前面要用定冠词修饰，表示特指。故填the。
2．答案 its
解析 考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词短语summer sibling。故填its。
3．答案 mst ppular
解析 考查形容词最高级。固定搭配“ne f＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”，意为“最……的之一”。故填mst ppular。
4．答案 riginally
解析 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要用副词作状语，修饰系动词was，意为“最初地”。故填riginally。
5．答案 withut
解析 考查介词。根据句意且分析句子结构可知，这里需要用介词withut，意为“没有”。故填withut。
6．答案 t be
解析 考查固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，这里考查固定搭配be cnsidered t be...，意为“被认为是……”。故填t be。
7．答案 athletes
解析 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，句子主语是they，指代上文的These ice princes and princesses，所以是指复数意义，名词athlete意为“运动员”，为可数名词。故填athletes。
8．答案 is named
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，这里考查句子的谓语动词，这句话是描述事实，所以用一般现在时，主语The skeletn和谓语动词name是被动关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动结构；主语是单数形式，谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故填is named。
9．答案 where
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the luge，在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。
10．答案 pinting
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词pint与head是主动关系，而且是和谓语lies同时发生的动作，所以用现在分词作with复合结构中的宾补成分。故填pinting。
B
During the Lantern Festival，lng lines f custmers are waiting utside Daxiangcun stres in the capital city Beijing.“I feel I’m missing smething 1. I dn’t eat yuanxia during the Lantern Festival.Getting up early in the mrning，2. (put) n warm clthes and waiting in a lng line utside a Daxiangcun stre t buy newly-made yuanxia is a srt f private ceremny fr me and ensures I will have anther sweet year.” Dng Shanshan,3. 35-year-ld Beijinger said.Fr many peple like Dng，eating Daxiangcun yuanxia 4. (be) an essential Lantern Festival traditin.
The Beijing Daxiangcun Fd Cmpany，5. wns the brand and stres，recently staged an event t mark the fficial launch f yuanxia being made at sme f its 6. (factry)．Shi Yan，the cmpany’s representative manager，said，“All 7. (we) yuanxia are handmade，because it is the nly way t maintain the traditinal flavr.”
8． (meet) lcal demand，the cmpany will demnstrate hw yuanxia are made at sme f its stres in Beijing.“This will 9. (hpeful) bring a festive atmsphere t the city and its residents，” Shi said.“Yung peple can learn hw the traditinal fd is made and the culture surrunding this fd can 10. (carry) frward and expanded.”
1．答案 if
解析 考查状语从句。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用if。故填if。
2．答案 putting
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，put在句中应用非谓语动词形式，空格处与Getting up early in the mrning以及waiting in a lng line共同构成句子的主语，and连接的并列主语，形式应该保持一致。故填putting。
3．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。Beijinger为泛指应用不定冠词，且35-year-ld的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
4．答案 is
解析 考查时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实用一般现在时；主语为动名词短语eating Daxiangcun yuanxia，谓语用单数。故填is。
5．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Beijing Daxiangcun Fd Cmpany，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
6．答案 factries
解析 考查名词复数。factry为可数名词，由sme f修饰，应用复数形式。故填factries。
7．答案 ur
解析 考查代词。修饰后面名词应用形容词性物主代词。故填ur。
8．答案 T meet
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处meet作目的状语应用不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填T meet。
9．答案 hpefully
解析 考查副词。修饰空后动词bring，应用副词作状语。故填hpefully。
10．答案 be carried
解析 考查语态。主语fd与carry构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be carried。
C
(2022·山西太原一模)
Shenzhu  crew members became the first Chinese 1. (spend) the natin’s mst imprtant festival，the Chinese Lunar New Year，in uter space.Onbard China’s space statin cre mdule，taiknauts Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu extended 2. (they) Spring Festival greetings in a vide n New Year’s eve.They wished the mtherland and all Chinese peple prsperity.While 3. (display) a pair f cuplets，Cmmander Zhai，a Chinese calligraphy enthusiast，said，“I wish all f yu gd 4. (healthy) and gd luck in everything yu d.” Dressed 5. festive cstumes，Wang held a balln with Chinese character “Fu”，meaning gd luck.Ye als held 6. sticker with the Chinese character “Fu”．In additin，the taiknauts decrated the rbiting cre mdule with red 7. (lantern)，Chinese knts and paper-cut crafts.
On Oct.16,2021，the Shenzhu  missin sent the three taiknauts int the space statin，a six-mnth stay，the 8. (lng) ever duratin in the cuntry’s manned space prgram.Multiple tasks 9. (cmplete) by them ver the past five mnths，including perfrming tw spacewalks and a live science lecture.There is a general belief 10. mre Chinese peple will enjy the Spring Festival in space in the future.
1．答案 t spend
解析 考查非谓语动词。Chinese由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填t spend。
2．答案 their
解析 考查代词。修饰名词greetings，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
3.答案 displaying
解析 考查非谓语动词。在while引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，从句完整形式为While Cmmander Zhai was displaying a pair f cuplets。故填displaying。
4．答案 health
解析 考查名词。作宾语，表示“健康”，应用名词health，不可数。故填health。
5．答案 in
解析 考查介词。此处为固定短语be dressed in，意为“穿着……”。故填in。
6．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。sticker为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且sticker的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7．答案 lanterns
解析 考查名词复数。lantern为可数名词，根据空后的Chinese knts and paper-cut crafts可知应用复数形式。故填lanterns。
8．答案 lngest
解析 考查形容词最高级。根据定冠词the以及句意“最长的”可知，应用形容词最高级。故填lngest。
9．答案 have been cmpleted
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文ver the past five mnths可知为现在完成时的被动语态；主语为tasks，助动词用have。故填have been cmpleted。
10．答案 that
解析 考查同位语从句。空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整。故填that。
D
The Jiangsu cuntryside stretching between the cities f Suzhu and Shanghai is hme t a lt f small beautiful water twns，many f which 1. (lcate) alng the Grand Canal，an artificial canal cnnecting Hangzhu t Beijing with the aim f bringing supplies f gds t the imperial capital.
One f these twns is Tngli，which is easily 2. (access) t turists frm the nearby city f Suzhu.3. (build) in the Sng Dynasty，the twn ffers pleasant views and landscapes f traditinal China，characterized by picturesque canals crssed by arch bridges and whitewashed huses that verlk the water.
Walking alng the narrw alleys(巷)，yu can admire 4. interesting number f well-preserved traditinal huses，temples and gardens.The atmsphere is 5. (exceptinal) peaceful cmpared t mst ppular sites that are ruined by mass turism and cmmercializatin.Yes，Tngli is hme t a great many suvenir shps and lcal prducts，but what amazed me was 6. well the twn is preserved despite being pen t turism：a gd balance 7. cmmercial activities and lcal life.S in spite f its 8. (ppular)，Tngli maintains a quiet，laid-back feeling，making it an ideal destinatin fr visitrs wh seek peace and leisure.
I 9. (take) scres f pictures while turing Tngli，which I hpe may inspire travelers t add this pretty water twn t their trips.My impressin f Tngli is s psitive that I’ve been meaning 10. (g) back with my family fr their first visit t China.
1．答案 are lcated
解析 考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。结合句意表示“位于”，短语应为be lcated；根据上文is hme t可知为一般现在时；定语从句中与先行词twns保持主谓一致，谓语应用复数形式。故填are lcated。
2．答案 accessible
解析 考查形容词。此处作表语，应用形容词accessible，表示“可到达的”。故填accessible。
3．答案 Built
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，build在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语twn构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Built。
4．答案 an
解析 考查冠词。结合句意表示“许多”可知，短语为a number f，此处interesting是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
5．答案 exceptinally
解析 考查副词。修饰形容词peaceful应用副词exceptinally，作状语。故填exceptinally。
6．答案 hw
解析 考查表语从句。分析句子可知，此处引导表语从句，且表示“多么完好，十分完好”应用hw well。故填hw。
7．答案 between
解析 考查介词。结合句意，这里表示“……(两者)之间”，短语为。故填between。
8．答案 ppularity
解析 考查名词。空处作宾语，表示“受欢迎”应用名词ppularity，表抽象概念，不可数。故填ppularity。
9．答案 tk
解析 考查时态。根据时间状语while turing Tngli可知，描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填tk。
10．答案 t g
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处为短语mean t d sth.，表示“打算做某事”。故填t g。考查方向
解题思路
针对训练
名词变复数
1.有数词或者these，thse，several，many，all，bth，varius，a number f 等词修饰时，名词用复数形式。
2.前有“ne f”修饰时，名词用复数形式。
3.若谓语动词是复数形式，则作主语的名词用复数形式。
1.(2022·江西九江二模)A number f Olympic high technlgies (technlgy) have been applied fr the first time in Beijing t ensure its gal f carbn neutrality.
2.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we humans(human) are.
3.“Making cins was ne f the greatest financial activities(activity) in human histry，” said researchers，adding that it allwed wealth t be traded easily.
名词所有格
提示词与后面的名词为所属关系，应考虑名词所有格。单数名词或不以s 结尾的复数名词，在词尾加’s；以s 结尾的单数或者复数名词，在词尾加’。
4.These Yungang researchers’(researcher) attempt is a gd example f technlgy helping t preserve cultural heritage.
名词变
形容词
提示词为名词，如果作定语修饰后面的名词或前面有比较级修饰，则一般考查名词变形容词。一般在名词词尾加后缀-able；-al；-ful；-en；-y；-less；-ly；-us等构成形容词，如：terrible，natinal，useful，wden，healthy，careless，mnthly，dangerus等。
5.(2021·全国乙)Prvide financial(finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.
6.(2022·全国甲)Ca believes this will make the hiking trip even mre meaningful(meaning).
名词变动词
提示词为名词，如果作谓语或非谓语，则一般考查名词变动词。一般在名词词尾加后缀-en；-ize或前缀en-等构成动词，如：strengthen，aplgize，encurage，endanger等。
7.T avid knee pain，yu can run n sft surfaces，d exercises t strengthen (strength) yur leg muscles，avid hills and get gd running shes.
变化规则
典型例词
规则变化
一般在词尾加s；如果是以ch，sh，s，x等结尾的单词，则加es
trees，bikes，bks，buses，watches，bxes，bushes
辅音字母＋y结尾的单词，变y为i再加es；元音字母＋y结尾的单词，则直接加s
babies，families，bys，plays
以结尾的单词除了两人(negr，her)、两菜(tmat，ptat)加es外，其余一般加s
radis，phts
以f或fe结尾的单词，通常把f，fe变为v再加es
wives，knives，wlves
特殊变化
man→men，wman→wmen；tth→teeth，ft→feet；child→children；muse→mice
单复数同形
Chinese，Japanese，peple，sheep，deer，fish
考查方向
解题思路
针对训练
人称代词
1.提示词为代词，当句子缺少主语时，应考虑人称代词主格(I，we，yu，he，she，it，they等)形式。
2.提示词为代词，当句子缺少宾语或表语时应考虑人称代词宾格(me，us，yu，him，her，it，them等)形式。
1.She shwed them(they) the micrwave，water dispenser(饮水机) and refrigeratr in the space kitchen.
物主代词
1.提示词为代词，当句子缺少定语时，应考虑形容词性物主代词(my，ur，yur，his，her，its，their等)形式。
2.提示词为代词，当句子缺少主语或宾语，且表示拥有者时，应考虑名词性物主代词(mine，yurs，his，hers，its，urs，theirs等)形式。
2.All ur(we) yuanxia are handmade，because it is the nly way t maintain the traditinal flavr.
3.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)As the sng ges，this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”，and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry.It sure des in mine(I).
反身代词
提示词为代词，当该词作动词或介词的宾语或表语，且和主语是同一人时，应考虑反身代词(myself，yurself，himself，herself，itself，urselves，yurselves，themselves等)形式。
4.Althugh several hundred peple have claimed themselves(they) as eyewitnesses f sme giant apelike creatures in Shennngjia，there is n tangible evidence t cnfirm the existence f a “wild man”.
考查方向
解题思路
针对训练
形容词变副词、名词
1.若空格处的词修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，应考虑副词形式。
2.若空格处在动词前作主语或介词或形容词后作宾语，应考虑名词形式。
1.(2022·浙江1月)On a website called N Fly Climate Sci，fr example，rughly(rugh) 200 academics—many f them climate scientists—have prmised t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
2.(2020·全国Ⅲ)Filled with curisity (curius)，the artist packed his bags and left.
形容词、副词变反义词
根据句意和前后逻辑关系，确定句意表否定时，可以添加否定前缀(il-，un-，im-，dis-等)或否定后缀(-less等)变为反义词。
3.Over the past decades，the cuntry has lst mre than 30% f its frest cver due t illegal(legal) lgging.
形容词、副词变比较级
1.空前有much，far，still，even，rather，a little，a bit，a lt，a great deal，than等标志性词时应考虑用比较级。
2.句型“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”表示“越……，就越……”。
3.句型“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。
4.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
5.句中如果没有标志词，但暗含比较级的意思，也需要用比较级。
4.(2021·浙江6月)When the huse was built，it was much smaller(small) than it is tday.
5.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets，the htter(ht) the spring！
6.—Did yu have a gd sleep last night？
—Yes，never sleep better(well).
7.(2022·安徽马鞍山二模)Cmpared with ther prvinces，they are als larger(large) in number，and have bigger impact.
形容词、副词变最高级
1.设空后有表示范围的标志词in，f，amng等时，用最高级。
2.设空前有ne f the，the＋序数词等修饰词时，用最高级。
3.句中如果没有标志词，但暗含最高级的意思，也需要用最高级。
8.China’s new-generatin high-speed train，the Fuxing Ha，is nw ne f the fastest(fast) trains in the wrld.
9.(2022·全国甲)In the last five years，Ca has walked thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents，and in 2016，he reached the tp f Kilimanjar，Africa’s highest(high) muntain.
变化规则
典型例词
一般形容词变副词直接在其后加-ly
quick→quickly，anxius→anxiusly
以辅音字母＋e结尾的形容词直接加-ly，以元音字母＋e结尾的形容词去掉e再加-ly
immediate→immediately，plite→plitely，true→truly
以辅音字母＋le结尾的形容词要去掉e再加-y
pssible→pssibly，prbable→prbably
以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词要变y为i再加-ly
happy→happily，healthy→healthily
以-ic 结尾的形容词要在其后加-ally
ecnmic→ecnmically，basic→basically
以-ll 结尾的形容词要在其后加-y
full→fully，dull→dully
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
一般单音节词，末尾加-er，-est
tall
great
taller
greater
tallest
greatest
以不发音的-e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-st
nice
simple
nicer
simpler
nicest
simplest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est
big
ht
bigger
htter
biggest
httest
“以辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加-er，-est
easy
busy
easier
busier
easiest
busiest
少数以-er，-w结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er，-est
clever
narrw(窄的)
cleverer
narrwer
cleverest
narrwest
其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加mre，mst来构成比较级和最高级
imprtant
easily
mre imprtant
mre easily
mst imprtant
mst easily
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北京稻香村的元宵是许多北京人的传统，介绍了其特色及意义。
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道，主要说明了神舟十三号机组人员成为第一批在外太空度过中国最重要节日——农历新年的中国人。文章介绍了他们给中国人民拜年的情况。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于苏州和上海之间的同里镇，讲述了当地的旅游特色和作者对同里镇的感受。