新高考英语二轮复习课时练第3部分书面表达与短文改错专题5第1 宏观把握整体感知 (含解析)

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习课时练第3部分书面表达与短文改错专题5第1 宏观把握整体感知 (含解析)，共7页。
一般来说，短文改错的材料篇幅较短，100词左右，10～12个句子；难度不大，语篇中基本上无生僻的词汇和怪、偏、难的语法结构。短文改错的话题较常见，通常是叙述一件事情或说明一个事物。从体裁上看，历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文为主，兼顾说明文、议论文和应用文。短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，错误类型有多词、缺词和错词三种。短文改错10处错误中，设错方式是有规律的，一般情况下，多词、缺词各1个，错词8个，做完题后可按此规律进行查验。
通过对近几年的高考英语试题中短文改错的研究可以看出，命题者主要在行文逻辑、一致关系、连接手段、平行结构、多词少词、母语干扰、冠词使用、名词数格、词语搭配以及词形辨析等方面进行设计和考查。从出题频率来看，考查最多的是动词错误，其次是连词的误用、形容词与副词的转换以及名词、代词的误用等。因此在复习备考中，考生应该有所侧重。
解题步骤
口诀致胜
动词形，名词数；冠词连词常光顾；
非谓语，细领悟；还要注意形和副；
代词格，常留心；习惯用法要记住；
句子成分多分析；逻辑错误须关注。
典例示范
规律总结
A
(2022·江西上饶一模)
On a bright Nvember day，a graceful English lady walk int a czy bkshp in the heart f Lndn’s Chinatwn.She picked up a rderly pile f New Year cards and calendars decrating with beautiful Chinese paper cutting patterns and Chinese ink paintings.Then she warm greeted the shp assistant.The lady was 91-year-ld Pamela Yude whse husband was the late Sir Edward Yude，which served as the gvernr f Hng Kng between 1982 and in 1986.Fr several decade，Yude has been a lyal custmer f Guanghwa Bkshp.Every winter，apart frm buy New Year cards frm Guanghwa fr her friends and family，he als buys Chinese calendars fr each f her fur grandchildren.She expects help them learn Mandarin well.
答案
On a bright Nvember day，a graceful English lady eq \f( walk,walked) int a czy bkshp in the heart f Lndn’s Chinatwn.She picked up eq \f(a,an) rderly pile f New Year cards and calendars eq \f(decrating,decrated) with beautiful Chinese paper cutting patterns and Chinese ink paintings.Then she eq \f(warm,warmly) greeted the shp assistant.The lady was 91-year-ld Pamela Yude whse husband was the late Sir Edward Yude，eq \f(which,wh) served as the gvernr f Hng Kng between 1982 and in 1986.Fr several eq \f(decade,decades)，Yude has been a lyal custmer f Guanghwa Bkshp.Every winter，apart frm eq \f(buy,buying) New Year cards frm Guanghwa fr her friends and family，eq \f(he,she) als buys Chinese calendars fr each f her fur grandchildren.She expects eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) help them learn Mandarin well.
B
(2022·河南新乡二模)
I’m very glad that I spent the meaningful winter hliday pleasant.I finished my hmewrk first.Furthermre，I read sme bks and develp new interests t enrich my lives.In an additin，I travelled t Thailand t learn mre abut the wrld.It expanded my knwledges and enriched my experiences.What’s mst，I assisted my parents the husewrk.My parents have cntributed s much t yu，s I shuld d that I can t help them.What a meaningful hliday it was!
答案
I’m very glad that I spent eq \f(the,a) meaningful winter hliday eq \f(pleasant,pleasantly).I finished my hmewrk first.Furthermre，I read sme bks and eq \f(develp,develped) new interests t enrich my eq \f(lives,life).In an additin，I travelled t Thailand t learn mre abut the wrld.It expanded my eq \f(knwledges,knwledge) and enriched my experiences.What’s eq \f(mst,mre)，I assisted my parents eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(with/in)) the husewrk.My parents have cntributed s much t eq \f(yu,me)，s I shuld d eq \f(that,what/whatever) I can t help them.What a meaningful hliday it was!
强化练(三十四) 短文改错(1)
A
(2022·河南名校联盟二模)
An English drama cmpetitin wuld be held in the schl art hall next Friday.Any creative ideas which is abut schl life is warm welcmed.Yu can als chse t make changes in famus dramas t enter int the cmpetitin.If yu want t prve yu，please sign up by this Thursday afternn.It is rewarding take yur time t prepare fr the cmpetitin.There is anther thing that shuld be keep in mind.The play shuld be n lng than fifteen minutes n a whle.Fr mre infrmatin，yu can g t ur website.Dn’t hesitate—cme，r be a winner!
答案
An English drama cmpetitin eq \f(wuld,will) be held in the schl art hall next Friday.Any creative eq \f(ideas,idea) which is abut schl life is eq \f(warm,warmly) welcmed.Yu can als chse t make changes in famus dramas t enter int the cmpetitin.If yu want t prve eq \f(yu,yurself/yurselves)，please sign up by this Thursday afternn.It is rewarding eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) take yur time t prepare fr the cmpetitin.There is anther thing that shuld be eq \f(keep,kept) in mind.The play shuld be n eq \f(lng,lnger) than fifteen minutes n eq \f(a,the) whle.Fr mre infrmatin，yu can g t ur website.Dn’t hesitate—cme，eq \f(r,and) be a winner!
B
(2022·安徽马鞍山教学质量监测)
Last weekend，my classmates and I tk the trip t the Wetland Park.Upn arrival，we attracted by the beautiful scenery there.The park was really a nice place fr him t g bird-watching.We fllwed a guide，wh brief intrductin was interesting.We saw differently types f birds and tk a lt f picture.After lunch，we divided urselves frm grups t play games and sing sngs.At arund 5 p．m.，we had started t walk back.The trip was f great useful.It ffered us a chance t get clse t nature，and made us knw the imprtance f prtect the envirnment.
答案
Last weekend，my classmates and I tk eq \f(the,a) trip t the Wetland Park.Upn arrival，we eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(were)) attracted by the beautiful scenery there.The park was really a nice place fr eq \f(him,us) t g bird-watching.We fllwed a guide，eq \f(wh,whse) brief intrductin was interesting.We saw eq \f(differently,different) types f birds and tk a lt f eq \f(picture,pictures).After lunch，we divided urselves eq \f(frm,int) grups t play games and sing sngs.At arund 5 p．m.，we had started t walk back.The trip was f great eq \f(useful,use).It ffered us a chance t get clse t nature，and made us knw the imprtance f eq \f(prtect,prtecting) the envirnment.
C
(2022·贵州贵阳五校联考)
During my last summer hliday, I g t the cuntryside t enjy myself.I saw mther bird in her nest in a big tree, watching sme f her baby flying away.I thught she must be very prud f her children, that were able t find her wn fd nw.But she might als feel a sense f lss since they wuldn’t need f her day-t-day care any lnger.Fr my parents, things are many easier.We have set up ur family blg t psting ur phts and jurnals.Once I leave fr cllege, we can cnvenient share ur experiences but supprt each ther.Their “nest” will never be empty.
答案
During my last summer hliday, I eq \f(g,went) t the cuntryside t enjy myself.I saw eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) mther bird in her nest in a big tree, watching sme f her eq \f(baby,babies) flying away.I thught she must be very prud f her children, eq \f(that,wh) were able t find eq \f(her,their) wn fd nw.But she might als feel a sense f lss since they wuldn’t need f her day-t-day care any lnger.Fr my parents, things are eq \f(many,much) easier.We have set up ur family blg t eq \f(psting,pst) ur phts and jurnals.Once I leave fr cllege, we can eq \f(cnvenient,cnveniently) share ur experiences eq \f(but,and) supprt each ther.Their “nest” will never be empty.
D
(2022·山西太原一模)
Last weekend，I was brwsing TikTk when a shrt vide drew my attentins，which exactly shwed peple hw t make an amazed fruit plate.Then I decided t give them a try.First I cllected sme fruits like apples，ranges，grapes，strawberries r bananas.After washing and peeled them，I fcused the creatin which tk me abut thirty minutes.T my delight，I wn highly praise frm my parents fr that I had made.Making a fruit plate nt nly relaxes my mind but imprve my practical abilities.I can’t t wait t make anther nutritius fruit plate.
答案
Last weekend，I was brwsing TikTk when a shrt vide drew my eq \f(attentins,attentin)，which exactly shwed peple hw t make an eq \f(amazed,amazing) fruit plate.Then I decided t give eq \f(them,it) a try.First I cllected sme fruits like apples，ranges，grapes，strawberries eq \f(r,and) bananas.After washing and eq \f(peeled,peeling) them，I fcused eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(n)) the creatin which tk me abut thirty minutes.T my delight，I wn eq \f(highly,high) praise frm my parents fr eq \f( that,what) I had made.Making a fruit plate nt nly relaxes my mind but eq \f(imprve,imprves) my practical abilities.I can’t t wait t make anther nutritius fruit plate.年份
卷别
体裁
主题
考点
主题
语境
主题语境内容
名词
动词、数词
连词
形容词
副词
代词
冠词
介词
2022
全国
乙卷
议论文
人与
自我
骑行与健康
1
4
2
1
0
1
0
1
全国
甲卷
记叙文
人与
自我
家庭
生活
0
4
1
1
2
2
0
0
2021
全国
乙卷
记叙文
人与
自我
家庭
生活
1
4
1
1
1
1
0
1
全国
甲卷
说明文
人与
自我
调查问卷结果
1
3
1
0
2
2
0
1
2020
全国
Ⅰ卷
记叙文
人与
自我
家庭
生活
1
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
全国
Ⅱ卷
应用文
人与
自我
乐于
学习
1
1
3
1
1
1
0
2
(2022·全国乙)
We all knw that cycling is a eq \f(greatly,great)① exercise.A dctr tells me peple wh eq \f(lives,live)② the lngest are dancers and cyclists.Maybe it is because eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(f))③ the cmbinatin f fresh air，smth mvement and exercise.eq \f(Whether,If/When)④ yu ride a bicycle，yu dn’t use petrl.S eq \f(they,yu)⑤ are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt eq \f(cause,causing)⑥ air pllutin.Just see hw cars have been ⑦ taken ver ur cities.They ften run at high speeds，eq \f(what,which)⑧ may put ur lives in danger.And there eq \f(were,are)⑨ traffic jams，t.Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with eq \f(bicycle,bicycles)⑩.
动词形：
②考查主谓一致。先行词peple是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。
⑦考查语态。主语cars与take ver之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
⑨考查时态。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
名词数：
⑩bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
冠词连词常光顾：
④考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或When。
非谓语，细领悟：
⑥考查非谓语动词。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
还要注意形和副：
①考查形容词。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
句子成分多分析：
⑧考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中作主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。
③because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because f表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the cmbinatin f fresh air，smth mvement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加f。
逻辑错误须关注：
⑤根据前一句中的人称yu可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为yu。