新高考英语二轮复习课时练高考题型组合练第3组组合练(八)语言知识精准练完形填空＋语法填空 (含解析)

组合练(八)　语言知识精准练　完形填空＋语法填空

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2022·河南焦作一模)

Yusra Mardini，one of the 29 refugee(难民) athletes chosen to compete at the Tokyo Olympics，has managed to prove the tenacity(坚韧) of human spirit.

Before her life took a(n)   1   turn，Mardini grew up in Syria，a beautiful country facing great   2  .It wasn’t until she was 17 that she and her sister decided to leave behind their country for a better   3  .The two made their way to Germany in hopes of   4   a new life.

On the last leg of their   5  ，as Mardini recalls，they   6   a small rowboat but the motor stopped working.For over three hours，the sisters swam   7   alongside the boat in freezing Mediterranean waters，working to keep the boat   8  ，which was carrying 20 people，until they reached their destination   9  .

Today，Mardini is a   10   because of her bravery.At 19，she was appointed as a Goodwill Ambassador for the UN Refugee Agency but her   11   don’t end there.The Olympian continues to be   12   about refugees and a year after her   13   in Germany，she was   14   to compete at the 2016 Olympics in Rio for the women’s 100m swim.

“When I   15  ，I am not only fighting for my country，I’m fighting for the   16   around the world，  17   to keep their passions alive just as I did.My aquatic(水上的)   18   have saved my life in more ways than one，” said Mardini.

“I know that I am not carrying my country’s flag，but I am carrying the Olympic flag which   19   the whole world.I am standing for people beyond   20  ，” she said.

1．A.natural   B．unnecessary

C．unexpected   D．impossible

答案　C

解析　natural自然的；unnecessary不必要的；unexpected出乎意料的；impossible不可能的。根据前文可知，Yusra Mardini是难民运动员，后文讲述了发生转变之前的生活，再结合常识可知，难民经历了出乎意料的转变。故选C项。

2．A.privilege   B．trends

C．hardships   D．discrimination

答案　C

解析　privilege特权；trend趋势，时尚；hardship困境，艰难；discrimination区别对待，歧视。根据前文提及的“refugee(难民)”可推知，这里应是指国家正面临困境。故选C项。

3．A.education   B．future

C．employer   D．company

答案　B

解析　education教育；future未来；employer老板，雇主；company公司。与后文“a new life”相呼应，这里应是“a better future(更好的未来)”。故选B项。

4．A.starting   B．defending

C．accepting   D．describing

答案　A

解析　start开始；defend防御，保卫；accept接受；describe描述。根据“in hopes of”可知，她们应是希望开始新的生活。故选A项。

5．A.journey   B．program

C．schedule   D．effort

答案　A

解析　journey旅程；program节目；schedule工作计划，日程安排；effort努力。根据前文“The two made their way to Germany”可知，她们要去德国，后文“as Mardini recalls，they        a small rowboat but the motor stopped working”提及的是她对这次海上之旅的回忆。故选A项。

6．A.watched   B．built

C．boarded   D．drew

答案　C

解析　watch观看，看管；build建立；board上船；draw绘画。根据“a small rowboat”可知，这里应是上船。故选C项。

7．A.happily   B．excitedly

C．desperately   D．easily

答案　C

解析　happily高兴地；excitedly兴奋地；desperately拼命地；easily容易地。根据前文“the motor stopped working”可知，船发动不了了，且根据“For over three hours，the sisters swam”可推知，她们应该是拼命地在游。故选C项。

8．A.steady   B．tight

C．clean   D．separate

答案　A

解析　steady平稳的；tight牢固的；clean干净的；separate单独的。根据前文船发动不了了，她们在海里沿着船边游可知，应是为了使船保持平稳。故选A项。

9．A.secretly   B．safely

C．gradually   D．frequently

答案　B

解析　secretly秘密地；safely安全地；gradually逐渐地；frequently频繁地。根据前文的动作“reached their destination”可推知，应用副词“safely”表达“安全抵达”的含义。故选B项。

10．A.hero   B．participant

C．doctor   D．coach

答案　A

解析　hero英雄；participant参与者；doctor医生；coach教练。根据后文“At 19，she was appointed as a Goodwill Ambassador for the UN Refugee Agency”可知，她被当作英雄。故选A项。

11．A.chances   B．titles

C．adventures   D．accomplishments

答案　D

解析　chance机会；title标题，头衔；adventure冒险；accomplishment成就。根据后文“to compete at the 2016 Olympics in Rio”可知，她还参加了奥运会，由此可知，她所取得的成就不止于此。故选D项。

12．A.crazy   B．concerned

C．cautious   D．curious

答案　B

解析　crazy疯狂的；concerned担心的，关注的；cautious谨慎的；curious好奇的。根据前文的“refugee(难民) athletes”可知，奥运会官方一直关心着难民，组织了难民运动员参赛。故选B项。

13．A.arrival   B．failure

C．success   D．involvement

答案　A

解析　arrival到达，抵达；failure失败；success成功；involvement参与。根据前文“The two made their way to Germany”和“reached their destination”可知，这里应是指她到达德国一年后。故选A项。

14．A.meant   B．forced

C．reminded   D．invited

答案　D

解析　mean意味着；force强迫；remind提醒；invite邀请。根据前文“Yusra Mardini，one of the 29 refugee(难民) athletes...”可知，她是难民运动员，应是被邀请参加奥运会的。故选D项。

15．A.work   B．graduate

C．struggle   D．compete

答案　D

解析　work工作；graduate毕业；struggle奋斗，斗争；compete竞争，参加比赛。此处呼应前文“to compete at the 2016 Olympics in Rio for the women’s 100m swim”中的“compete”。故选D项。

16．A.hungry   B．disabled

C．homeless   D．unemployed

答案　C

解析　hungry饥饿的；disabled残疾的；homeless无家可归的；unemployed失业的。根据前文“Yusra Mardini，one of the 29 refugee(难民) athletes...”可知，她是难民运动员，代表的是全世界无家可归的人。故选C项。

17．A.asking   B．hurrying

C．promising   D．battling

答案　D

解析　ask询问，要求；hurry急忙(做某事)；promise承诺，答应；battle奋斗，斗争。与前文动词“fighting”相呼应，这里应是“battling”。故选D项。

18．A.targets   B．talents

C．tools   D．dreams

答案　B

解析　target目标；talent天赋，才能；tool工具；dream梦想。根据前文“For over three hours，the sisters swam”可知，姐妹两人在海里游了三个多小时，帮助难民安全抵达，由此可知，她的水上天赋救了她。故选B项。

19．A.signals   B．informs

C．encourages   D．represents

答案　D

解析　signal发信号，示意；inform告知；encourage鼓励；represent代表。结合常识分析可知，奥运会会旗代表全世界人民。故选D项。

20．A.control   B．borders

C．reach   D．limits

答案　B

解析　control控制；border国界；reach臂展，范围；limit限制。根据前文“but I am carrying the Olympic flag which        the whole world”可知，她拿着奥林匹克的旗帜，代表全世界无家可归的人，这超越了国界。故选B项。

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2022·安徽安庆二模)

The “24 solar terms” are a vital part of the Chinese calendar，which has 1.            (it) origin with the ancient Yellow River basin.The Chinese calendar 2.            (include) “24 solar terms” provides detailed guidelines and timetable for agricultural 3.          (activity)．

A complete set of “24 solar terms” first 4.            (appear) in an ancient book The Huainanzi in early Han Dynasty.These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu Calendar，the first well documented calendar in 5.             history of China.

The Chinese Agriculture Calendar is 6.            (actual) a combination of the lunar and solar calendar systems.There 7.            (be) 365.2422 days in one “sidereal year” while 12 lunar months add up to 354 days.To make both the lunar calendar 8.             the solar calendar agree，a leap lunar month needs to be added every 2 to 3 years.Since the early Han Dynasty，a lunar month without a major solar term 9.            (adopt) as a leap month(闰月)．

With more far-reaching cultural exchanges，the “24 solar terms” have been known 10.________ people in other parts of the world and were added to the UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage list in 2016.

1．答案　its

解析　考查代词。origin为名词，意为“起源”，因此设空处应使用形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。

2．答案　including

解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，provides为谓语动词，此处应填非谓语动词，include与其逻辑主语The Chinese calendar之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。

3．答案　activities

解析　考查名词复数。activity是可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数形式。

4．答案　appeared

解析　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，且由时间状语“in early Han Dynasty”可知，动作发生在过去，因此谓语动词需要用过去式。

5．答案　the

解析　考查冠词。根据句意可知，句中特指在中国历史上，因此应填定冠词。

6．答案　actually

解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰整个句子。

7．答案　are

解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此句为there be句型，系动词后为复数名词365.2422 days，因此系动词应使用复数形式；此处表述客观事实，应用一般现在时。

8．答案　and

解析　考查连词。both...and...为固定用法，意为“两者都”。

9．答案　has been adopted

解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，adopt与主语a lunar month是被动关系，应用被动语态；又由时间状语“Since the early Han Dynasty”可知，应用现在完成时；主语a lunar month是单数形式，故填has been adopted。

10．答案　to

解析　考查介词。be known to sb.意为“被某人所知”。