新高考英语二轮复习课时练高考题型组合练第5组组合练(十三)阅读理解主题练阅读理解＋阅读七选五 (含解析)

第五组　人与自然(一)——自然生态和环境保护

组合练(十三)　阅读理解主题练　阅读理解＋阅读七选五

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Travel Highlights in Slovenia

Lake Bled

Classy blue waters surround a tiny island and the romance factor goes up when you arrive there on a traditional wooden boat.Located on a hill overlooking the lake is Bled Castle.When not swimming in the lake nicely warmed by hot springs, visitors can go paddle-boarding or just wander along the four-mile path around the lake, enjoying those incomparable views.

Tolmin Gorges

At the southern end of Triglav National Park, the Tolmin Gorges cut through dramatic scenery.Forested stone walls loom over the Tolminka River, with deep green waters rushing below along the rocks.There’s a meeting spot between the Tolmin and the Zadlascica which you can access via rocky steps and picture-like wooden bridges.

Zelenci

A lake of green water is surrounded by wet lands.Bubbling beneath are the springs of the source of the Sava River.Raised wooden walkways lead you through this peaceful landscape past more than 1,000 species of wildlife, including sand lizards and the rare scarlet grosbeak bird.The average temperature doesn’t drop below 41 degrees Fahrenheit and the waters don’t freeze even during winter.

Kranjska Gora

Slovenia’s best-known ski resort has all the prettiness you would expect of a mountain village.And when the snow melts, that’s the time to explore its mountain paths on foot or by bike.In a country that has produced Tour de France winners, it’s not surprising that cycling is big business here.At nearby Planica, you can fly through the air on the world’s steepest zipline descent(溜索)．

1．What do the first three attractions have in common?

A．Mountain paths.

B．Water views.

C．Hot springs.

D．Wooden walkways.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。根据前三个景点的介绍可知，介绍中都有对湖景或河景的描述，所以在这三个景点都可以看水景。故选B项。

2．Where will you go if you’re a fan of wildlife?

A．Lake Bled.   B．Tolmin Gorges.

C．Zelenci.   D．Kranjska Gora.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据Zelenci部分中的“Raised wooden walkways lead you through this peaceful landscape past more than 1,000 species of wildlife, including sand lizards and the rare scarlet grosbeak bird.”可知，野生动物爱好者会去Zelenci。故选C项。

3．What activity can you choose in Kranjska Gora?

A．Rock climbing.   B．Boating.

C．Swimming.   D．Cycling.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。根据Kranjska Gora部分中的“In a country that has produced Tour de France winners, it’s not surprising that cycling is big business here.”可知，在Kranjska Gora，你可以选择骑车活动。故选D项。

B

While living and working in Karlstad University in Sweden，I was entrusted the challenging assignment of catsitting three 10-year-olds for two weeks.At first，I was a bit perturbed.From all that I had heard about cats being selfish creatures，I wondered if I would ever be able to deliver the goods.

I had been asked to stay at the cat-owners’ place for the fortnight.The first day，all three，Mercedes，Mio and Casper，seemed to be suspicious of me.I fed them，disposed of their litter and got to work.Soon，however，they began to look forward to my returning，and would mew happiness hearing the key turn in the door-lock.

As our familiarity grew，I began to playfully bid goodnight to the cats，sometimes adding aloud in Swedish that I had to wake up at 7∶00 a．m.I forgot to set the alarm on most nights，but faced no problems，because at exactly 7∶00 a．m.—no exaggerations here—I would hear the sounds of gentle mewing and scratching outside my bedroom door.

Then，there was one evening，when I felt a bit under the weather.Sitting on the sofa，mentally worn out and physically exhausted，I stared blankly into space，when a gentle tapping landed on my cheek.I found Casper standing on the sofa’s armrest peering into my eyes.He seemed to be asking me to cheer up，switch off for the evening and look forward to a better tomorrow.

On the evenings of the last few days，all three cats began to rush over and sit close to me on the sofa and snooze against my feet or on my lap.They knew perhaps that our time together was nearing its end and that they would not see me again.They all came over to the door，when I left the next morning with my things packed.They just stood there and mewed for a while，and as I walked around the street bend，they hopped on to the window watching me go.

4．What does the underlined word “perturbed” mean in the first paragraph?

A．Excited.   B．Unwilling.

C．Confident.   D．Worried.

答案　D

解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词后两句可知，作者听说猫是自私的动物，不知道自己能不能不负众望，完成照顾猫的任务。由此可知，一开始，作者有点担心。故选D。

5．How did the author get familiar with the cats?

A．By taking care of them.

B．By taking them out.

C．By cheering them up.

D．By talking to them.

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三、四句可知，起初三只猫似乎都怀疑作者，但作者细心照顾它们，喂它们，处理它们的垃圾，很快，猫开始和作者熟悉起来，开始期待作者的归来。由此可知，作者是通过照顾这些猫和它们熟悉起来的。故选A。

6．How did the author interpret Casper’s tapping?

A．The cat was asking to go out.

B．The cat was playing with him.

C．The cat was trying to comfort him.

D．The cat was reminding him of bedtime.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，作者认为Casper的轻拍是在安慰他，似乎在要求他振作起来，晚上休息一下，期待一个更好的明天。由此可知，作者把Casper的轻拍解释为在试图安慰他。故选C。

7．Which of the following best describes the relationship between the author and the cats?

A．Temporary.   B．Complex.

C．Casual.   D．Close.

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这三只猫会靠着作者的脚或腿打盹，作者走时会送作者。由此可推断出，作者和猫之间的关系是亲密的。故选D。

C

(2022·安徽安庆二模)

Climate breakdown threatens to cause a global food production crisis.The UN forecasts that by 2050，feeding the world will require a 20% expansion in global water use for agriculture.It is hard to see how agriculture can feed the population of the planet，let alone toward the end of the century and beyond.Agriculture is a major cause of climate breakdown，and both river and air pollution.Industrial fishing is similarly driving ecological collapse in seas around the world.

However，at this critical time，farming(a new kind of food technology) is creating astonishing possibilities to save both people and the planet.Farming will enable the return of vast areas of land and sea to nature，greatly reducing carbon emissions(排放物)．It means an end to the employment of animals，a stop to overfishing，and a dramatic reduction in cutting down forests and the use of pesticides(杀虫剂)．It is the best hope for stopping the destruction of the planet and，if it is done right，it means cheap and abundant food for everyone.

We are about to welcome one of the biggest economic transformations，of any kind，for 200 years.Arguments continue about plants against meat-based diets; however，new technologies will soon make these arguments irrelevant.Before long，most food will come neither from animals nor plants，but from micro-organisms(微生物)．

Not only will food be cheaper，it will also be healthier.Due to the fact that farming creates food products built up from simple components rather than broken down from complex ones，hard fats and other unhealthy components can be screened out.Meat will still be meat，but it will be grown in factories rather than in the bodies of animals.Fats will still be fats，but food is likely to be better，cheaper and much less damaging to the living planet.

8．What is the major cause of sea ecological breakdown?

A．Food production.

B．Global farming.

C．Industrial fishing.

D．Climate breakdown.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，造成海洋生态破坏的主要原因是工业捕捞，故选C。

9．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about farming?

A．Its benefits.   B．Its security.

C．Its research.   D．Its limits.

答案　A

解析　段落大意题。根据第二段第二、三、四句可知，本段主要讲述新型农业的好处，故选A。

10．What will provide the majority of food in the near future?

A．Sea animals.   B．Wild plants.

C．Micro-organisms.   D．Farm products.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，作者认为在不久的将来，人们的食物来源主要是微生物。故选C。

11．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude to farming?

A．Doubtful.   B．Positive.

C．Disapproving.   D．Unclear.

答案　B

解析　观点态度题。根据第二段第一句、第三段最后一句和第四段最后一句可知，作者认为新型农业可以解决人类面临的粮食危机，而且人们的主要食物来源会改变，同时食物也会更实惠、更健康，以上评价都是正向的，因此最能描述作者对新型农业的观点态度是“积极的”。故选B。

D

It shouldn’t come as news to anyone that the planet is moving quickly towards a climate emergency.And fast fashion certainly plays its part in this.

Fast fashion brands，which release hundreds of new styles every week，have caused trends cycles to speed up rapidly，leading to overproduction and overconsumption.British shoppers are buying twice as much as we did a decade ago and both brands and consumers are throwing away “unfashionable” clothing more often—over ￡300,000 of it ends up in landfill every year.How do we solve this issue?

One answer lies in the new generation of made-to-order brands making their way into the mainstream.These brands make clothes only as and when they’re ordered，and because there’s no overproduction，less unwanted stock ends up in landfills.They also promote a slower fashion model，with pieces taking between three weeks and three months to arrive once purchased.The focus is on creating special，well-made pieces for consumers to treasure for years to come.

Made-to-order fashion is nothing new.Until the mid-20th century，it was the norm.However，the 1960s brought about the dawn of fast fashion and a shift in our relationship with our clothes.The value once placed on craftsmanship and quality was replaced by the desire for low cost and volume，resulting in cut-cost production and the attitude that clothing should be cheap and disposable.

Of course，made-to-order fashion has continued to exist alongside this，though research clearly shows that fast fashion prevails(盛行)．Cue a made-to-order brand bringing bespoke(定制) back to the mainstream.Spanish brand Alas features a slow business model.It takes orders each week which are then handmade and delivered in about three weeks.It also revolves around an on-demand production process that rewards consumers for “pre-planned responsible shopping.” Every week，they launch a new drop，available to pre-order for a discounted rate for a limited time.From pre-order，Alas determines how popular each new item is and calculates how many units should be produced to fulfill both pre-orders and future full-price orders，therefore reducing the overproduction of stock.

With made-to-order brands growing in popularity，it begs the question—could this be the dawn of a new，environmentally responsible era? The answer is self-evident.

12．What do the first two paragraphs mainly show?

A．Our strong desire for fashion.

B．The fast development of fashion industry.

C．The urgent need for a different fashion model.

D．The advantages and disadvantages of fast fashion.

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第二段第一句可知，快时尚品牌的经营模式导致生产过剩和消费过度，进而加快了气候危机。因而，我们需要一种不同于快时尚的时尚模式，来解决这个问题。由此可知，前两段主要展示了对一种不同的时尚模式的迫切需要。故选C。

13．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 5 refer to?

A．The shadow of fast fashion.

B．The value placed on quality.

C．The shift towards a green lifestyle.

D．The criticism for cheapness and quantity.

答案　A

解析　代词指代题。根据第四段内容和画线词后文“though research clearly shows that fast fashion prevails(盛行)”可知，上文介绍了定制时尚是先于快时尚出现的，后来快时尚出现，但定制时尚仍然存在。由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是定制时尚仍然存在于快时尚的阴影之下，“this”指代“快时尚的阴影”。故选A。

14．What does the example of Spanish brand Alas tell us?

A．The reward mechanism is a must in slow fashion.

B．It takes patience and thought to buy made-to-order items.

C．The pre-order model reduces the cost of purchasing brands.

D．Consumers have a say about how their orders are produced.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。根据第五段第三、四、五句可知，西班牙品牌Alas号召消费者进行预先计划的、负责任的购物。由此可知，西班牙品牌Alas的例子告诉我们购买定制商品需要耐心和深思熟虑，要进行负责任的购物。故选B。

15．As for the future of made-to-order fashion，the author is         .

A．anxious   B．confident

C．puzzled   D．curious

答案　B

解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在文章中介绍定制品牌越来越受欢迎，并且对环境有利，再结合最后一句“The answer is self-evident.(答案是不言而喻的)”可知，作者认为定制时尚会为一个新的、对环境负责的时代带来曙光。由此可推断，关于定制时尚的未来，作者是有自信的。故选B。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Humans have been known to develop strong connections with dangerous animals.Werner Freund，aged 79，has spent the last 40 years of his life in the company of wolves.While why the former soldier became attached to these beautiful wild animals is a little unclear，he has been caring for them since 1972.  1   Thus，Werner has the great ability to survive in the period of entering this group of animals and getting along with these cold-blooded creatures.

  2   They touch him with noses，play with him.What’s more，they are generally very submissive when he is around，just like they would be around a head wolf!

This，however，does not happen by chance.  3   Whenever it’s feeding time，he calls his pack to come for the raw meat by howling.As the hungry animals rush to get their food，they always meet with this scene.Werner sinks his teeth into the raw meat first.

What may sound a little cruel is how the position of hierarchy(等级制度) is built in the animal world.  4   When he signals，the rest of the pack can join in.Werner’s wolves know this rule quite well and never challenge his authority.

Wolves，the largest member of the dog family，are mistakenly believed to be dangerous.  5   They are beautiful gentle souls，whose reputation has been spoiled by fairy tales like Red Riding Hood!

A．But in reality they rarely attack humans.

B．They are considered as the smartest beasts.

C．Werner works on it with a simple act every day.

D．Werner seems to know where wolves come from.

E．It is always the strongest male that gets the first meal.

F．The wolves treat Werner as if he were one of their own.

G．Army experience leaves him a strong body and energetic state.

1．答案　G

解析　根据本空上一句和下一句可知，空处承上启下说明以前的从军经历对于与狼一起生存的能力的影响，空前的“former soldier”呼应G项中的“Army experience”，空后的“the great ability”呼应G项中的“a strong body and energetic state”。故选G。

2．答案　F

解析　根据本空后两句可知，空后的They指代的是F项中提到的wolves，本段最后的“just like they would be around a head wolf”呼应F项中的“as if he were one of their own”。故选F。

3．答案　C

解析　根据空前一句可知，发生这件事并非偶然，空后详细叙述了Werner的具体做法。C项(Werner每天都会做一个简单的行为)承上启下，说明并非偶然的原因。故选C。

4．答案　E

解析　根据本空上一句可知，动物之中有等级制度，E项(只有最强壮的公狼才能得到第一顿饭)承接上文继续讲等级制度的具体表现。故选E。

5．答案　A

解析　根据本空上一句和下一句可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，说明其实狼并不是很危险。故选A。