人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists背景图课件ppt

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists背景图课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课前自主预习，猜词意　，课文语篇研读，课堂新知讲练，◇词汇拓讲，用法详解，◇句式解读，归纳拓展，随堂知能小练等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A．极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的　B．把手；拉手；柄；处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)　C．证据；证明；检验 D．未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的　E．相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的　
1．Fire has caused severe damage t the cntents f the building. (　　)2．Yu have n prf f my invlvement in anything.(　　)3．We were wrried she wuldn’t be able t handle it, but she came thrugh in the end. (　　)【答案】1．A　2．C　3．B　
4．We are faced with tw apparently cntradictry statements. (　　)5．The cuntry has t imprt mst f its raw materials. (　　)【答案】4．E　5．D　
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写　1．infectin n. →__________　adj. 传染性的；感染的　(参考：cautin→cautius)　2．subscribe vi. →__________　n. 订阅；(报刊等的)订阅费；订阅款　(参考：describe→descriptin)　【答案】1．infectius　2．subscriptin　
3．pure adj. →__________　vt. 使(某物)洁净；净化　(参考：simple→simplify)　4．decrease　n. &vt. &vi. →__________vi. &vt. (使)增长；增多；增加　n. 增长；增多；增加　5．transfrm vt. &vi. →__________　n. 转型；转变；改变　(参考：infrm→infrmatin)　【答案】3．purify　4．increase　5．transfrmatin　
Ⅲ．猜短语填空　nce and fr all；subscribe t；thanks t；be t blame fr　1．I have rdered a number f jurnals cncerned with my majr. ＝I have ___________________ a number f jurnals cncerned with my majr. 【答案】1．subscribed t　
2．One in fur cases f dementia(痴呆) is sclded fr drinking, dctrs have warned. ＝Drinking may ______________________ ne in fur cases f dementia, dctrs have warned. 【答案】2．be t blame fr　
3．Owing t recent research, effective treatments are available. ＝____________ recent research, effective treatments are available. 4．We have t reslve this matter cmpletely. ＝We have t reslve this matter ________________. 【答案】3．Thanks t　4．nce and fr all　
Ⅰ．阅读课文JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”，匹配段落大意　
【答案】1－5　BCDEA　
Ⅱ．阅读课文，判断信息正误　(　　)1．Chlera causes severe diarrhea, dehydratin, but never causes death. (　　)2．In the early 18th century, millins f peple died frm the utbreak f chlera in Eurpe. (　　)3．In general, dctrs in thse days had tw cntradictry theries t explain hw chlera spread. 【答案】1－3　FFT　
(　　)4．Jhn Snw discvered that in tw particular streets，the utbreak f chlera was s severe that mre than 5，000 peple died in ten days. (　　)5．With enugh evidence, Jhn Snw was able t annunce that the pump water carried chlera germs. (　　)6．Frtunately, we nw knw hw t prevent chlera because f the wrk f Jhn Snw. 【答案】4－6　FTT　
Ⅲ．阅读课文，选择正确选项　(　　)1．Accrding t Jhn Snw’s view, ________. A．Queen Victria suffered a lt frm bad health　B．a cure had been fund fr chlera befre his time　C．chlera’s cause had t be discvered in rder t cntrl it　D．thusands f terrified peple knew what they shuld d　【答案】C
(　　)2．Which f the fllwing theries did Jhn Snw believe in?A．A clud f dangerus gas wuld flat arund until it fund its victims. B．Peple absrbed chlera int their bdies with their meals. C．Peple gt infected with chlera because f cld and hunger. D．Peple suffered frm chlera because they were nt clean. 【答案】B
(　　)3．Befre 1854, when chlera brke ut, ______. A．many thusands f peple died　B．peple with chlera culd be cured　C．Jhn Snw began t knw its cause　D．Jhn Snw became inspired　【答案】A
(　　)4．Hw did peple defeat “King Chlera”?A．By nt plluting the river again. B．By eating healthy diets. C．By delivering the water frm ther rivers. D．By stpping drinking the plluted water. 【答案】D
(　　)5．What’s the main idea f the passage?A．Jhn Snw was a well－knwn dctr in Lndn. B．The cause f chlera was the plluted water. C．The surce f all drinking water supplies shuld be examined. D．Hw Jhn Snw fund the cause f chlera and defeated it. 【答案】D　
Ⅳ．课文语法填空　Jhn Snw was a famus dctr in Lndn in the 19th century. He was s expert that he attended t Queen Victria 1. ______ she gave birth. Hwever, he was frustrated because n ne knew hw t prevent r treat chlera, ne f the mst feared 2. __________ (disease) in the wrld. 【答案】1．when　2．diseases　
At that time, there were tw 3. ________(cntradict) theries t explain hw chlera spread. One was that bad air caused the disease. Jhn Snw subscribed 4. __________ the ther that chlera was caused by an 5. ____________(infect) frm germs in fd r water. 【答案】3．cntradictry　4．t　5．infectin　
6. ___________(cnsequent), when an utbreak f chlera hit Lndn in 1854, Snw began t investigate. He marked n a map 7. _________ exact places where all thse wh died had lived. With the help f the map, he gt a valuable clue abut the cause f the disease and he suspected that the water pump was 8. ________ (blame). S he had the handle f the pump 9. ____________ (remve) s that it culd nt be used. Thrugh this interventin, the disease was stpped in its tracks. 【答案】6．Cnsequently　7.the 　8.t blame　9.remved　
By using maps and statistics, Snw 10. __________ (transfrm) the way scientists study diseases. Fr this reasn, Snw is cnsidered the father f mdern epidemilgy. 【答案】10．transfrmed　
1．nce and fr all 最终地；彻底地　(P2)Hwever，he never lst his desire t destry chlera nce and fr all. 【翻译】然而，他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。
all at nce 突然；同时　at nce 立刻；马上　nce and again 一而再；再三　nce r twice 一两次；几次　
I’m warning yu nce and fr all; if yu dn’t stp disturbing me，yu’ll be regretful. 我最后一次警告你。如果你不停止地纠缠我，你会后悔的。
【针对练习】　单句填空　(1)All ________nce there was smene kncking n the dr. (2)He was punished nce ________again fr telling lies. 【答案】(1)at　(2)and　
完成句子　(3)他一个月去一两次巴黎。He visits Pairs ____________ a mnth. (4)是我们彻底处理这个问题的时候了。It is time we ________. 【答案】(3)nce r twice　(4)handled this prblem nce and fr all
2．infectin n. 感染；传染　(P2)The ther was that chlera was caused by an infectin frm germs in fd r water. 【翻译】另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。
(1)infect vt. 使感染；传染　be infected with… 感染上……；传染上……　(2)infectius adj. 感染的；传染性的　
Sme peple can be infected with the disease and have mild symptms. 有些人可能感染了这种疾病，症状轻微。
【针对练习】　单句语法填空　(1)Every year, there are peple unlucky enugh t be infected ________ the flu. (2)Dn’t yu find her enthusiasm ________(infect)?【答案】(1)with　(2)infectius
完成句子　(3)Are yu sure there is ________________ nw?你确定现在没有感染的危险吗?(4)The cmpser __________________ terrible bacteria and sn died. 这位作曲家感染了可怕的细菌，不久之后就去世了。【答案】(3)n danger f infectin　(4)was infected with　
3．subscribe vi . 认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)　(P2)Snw subscribed t the secnd thery. 【翻译】斯诺赞同第二种理论。
(1)subscribe t 订阅(报纸、杂志等)；签字认可；同意；向……捐赠　subscribe fr 预定；认购　(2)subscriptin n. 订金；订阅；签署　(3)subscriber n. 订户；捐献者　
Hw many shares did yu subscribe fr in the new cmpany?你在这家新公司认购了多少股份?
【语境串记】　The subscriber never subscribes t the view that he is richer than thers. 这位捐助者从不认为自己比别人富有。
【针对练习】　指出下列各句中subscribe t的含义。(1)I can’t subscribe t yur plan because it is nt reasnable. ________(2)They refused t subscribe t the agreement. ________(3)We subscribe t an animal prtectin sciety. ________(4)Which jurnals des the library subscribe t？________【答案】(1)同意　(2)签名　(3)向……捐赠　(4)订阅　
4．suspect vt. &. vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任　n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象　(P2)Snw suspected that the water pump was t blame. 【翻译】斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。
suspect sb. t be＋n. /adj. 怀疑某人……　suspect sb. f ding sth. 怀疑某人做了某事　be suspicius f/abut… 对……怀疑　
He resigned after being suspected f theft. 他被怀疑有偷窃行为，随后就辞职了。
【针对练习】　完成句子　(1)He _______________ at the party last night, and the plice were lking int the matter. 他被怀疑在昨晚的聚会上偷了戒指，警察正在调查这个事件。(2)I began t ____________ me. 我开始怀疑他邀请我的动机。【答案】(1)was suspected f stealing the ring　(2)suspect his mtivatin in inviting
句型转换　(3)I suspect that he is the pickpcket. (用suspect sb. t be… 改为简单句)　I suspect ____________. 【答案】(3)him t be the pickpcket　
5．blame vt. 责怪；指责；把……归咎于　n. 指责；责备　(P2)Snw suspected that the water pump was t blame. 【翻译】斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。
(1)blame sb. fr… 因……而指责某人　blame sth. n sb. 把……归咎于某人　be t blame fr sth. 因某事而指责某人(主动形式表被动意义)　(2)take/bear the blame 承担责任　put/place the blame n sb. 把责任推到某人身上　
But I ften had crazy dreams in which I was t blame fr Miller’s accident. 但我经常做疯狂的梦，在梦中我应该为米勒的事故负责。
【语境串记】　Dn’t always blame yur wn failure n thers. Smetimes yu yurself are t blame, that is t say，yu shuld take the blame fr failure. 不要总是把自己的失败归咎于别人。有时候你自己应该受到责备，也就是说，你应该为失败承担责任。
【针对练习】　单句语法填空　(1)They think the blame shuld be placed __________ the cnductr. (2)Mrs Green std up in defence f the 16-year-ld by, saying that he was nt the ne __________(blame). 【答案】(1)n　(2)t blame　
完成句子　(3)The plice had figured ut the cause f the traffic accident and it was the lrry driver that shuld ______________ it. 警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此负责。【答案】(3)take the blame fr　
6．link n. 联系；纽带　vt. 把……连接起来；相关联　(P3)Mrever, Snw was later able t shw a link between ther cases f chlera and the different water cmpanies in Lndn. 【翻译】而且，斯诺后来还指出了其他霍乱病例和伦敦不同供水公司之间的联系。
link…t/with… 把……与……连接；联系　be linked with… 把……与……联系起来　
Fingerprints linked the suspect t the crime. 指纹证实了犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪行为。
【针对练习】　完成句子　(1)He ________clsely __________ in the public mind ________ hrrr mvies. 在公众心目中，他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。【答案】(1)is; linked; with　
一句多译　(2)There are many serius health prblems which __________ smking. →We always __________ many serius health prblems __________ smking. 很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。【答案】(2)are linked with; link; with/t　
7．decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量　vt. &vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低　(P3)Thrugh Snw’s tireless effrts, water cmpanies began t sell clean water, and the threat f chlera arund the wrld saw a substantial decrease. 【翻译】 通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净水，霍乱对世界各地的威胁大幅减少。
(1)a decrease in… ……的减少　n the decrease在减少　(2)decrease (frm… ) t… (从……)减少到……(表示减少后的量)　decrease by… 减少了…… (表示减少的量)　decrease in… 在……方面减少　
This species f bird is decreasing in number every year. 这种鸟的数量每年都在减少。
【针对练习】　单句语法填空　(1)The number f the students in each class is ________ the decrease. (2)The decrease ________ sales was almst 20 percent. 【答案】(1)n　(2)in　
(3)The prductin f wheat has decreased __________20% because f the dry weather. (4)The latest warm perid has caused the number f glaciers t decrease ________ 150 in 1850 t 26 tday. 【答案】(3)by　(4)frm　
8．transfrm vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变　(P3)Mrever, in his use f maps and statistics, Snw transfrmed the way scientists study diseases. 【翻译】此外，通过使用地图和统计数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
(1)transfrm…int… 把……变成……　transfrm…frm…t… 把……从……变成……　be transfrmed frm…t…　由……变成……；由……迁到……　(2)transfrmatin n. 转变；变化　
The mvie transfrmed her almst vernight frm an unknwn schlgirl int a well-knwn star. 这部电影让她几乎一夜之间从一位不知名的女学生变成一个众所周知的明星。
【针对练习】　单句语法填空　(1)The Brwns have transfrmed their garage ________ a guest huse. (2)In recent years his ideas have undergne a cmplete __________ (transfrm). (3)His characters ______________(transfrm) by success and wealth since years ag. 【答案】(1)int　(2)transfrmatin　(3)have been transfrmed
完成句子　(4)They successfully ________________________ a glbal ne. 他们成功地把这家公司变成了一家全球性的公司。【答案】(4)transfrmed the cmpany int　
1．(P2)It seemed that the wman liked the water frm the pump s much that she had it delivered t her huse every day. 【翻译】这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都让人把水送到家里来。
【句式剖析】　本句是主从复合句。It seemed that… (看来……)，that 引导主语从句，it是形式主语。另外这个句子里还有“s…that…(如此……以至于……)”和“have sth. dne(让某事被做)”这两个结构。
(1)It＋不及物动词(短语)＋that从句，that引导主语从句，常用于该句型的不及物动词(短语)有：seem(看上去)，turn ut(证明是)，appear(显得)，happen(碰巧)。(2)①s…that… 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”。其常见形式为：　
②such…that… 意为“如此……以至于……”，such后接名词。其常见形式为：　
(3)“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的用法有以下几种：　have sb. /sth. ding让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行的含义)　have sb. d让某人做某事　have sth. dne让/请别人做某事；遭受到　
It turned ut that we were wrng. 结果证明我们错了。It is s gd a camping spt that I’d like t g there again. 这个露营地点如此好，以至于我想再去一次。
【针对练习】　完成句子　(1)____________________ that yu disagree n the plan. 在我看来你不同意这个计划。(2)____________________ the harvest was bad that year. 那年碰巧收成不好。【答案】(1)It seems t me　(2)It happened that　
(3)We did _______________ we were invited t share ur idea and experience with all the students f ur schl. 我们做得很好，以至于被邀请与学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。(4)In rder t make herself mre beautiful, she _________ ___________ yesterday. 为了让自己更漂亮，她昨天把头发剪了。【答案】(3)s well that　(4)had her hair cut　
2．(P3)Thrugh Snw’s tireless effrts, water cmpanies began t sell clean water, and the threat f chlera arund the wrld saw a substantial decrease. 【翻译】通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净水，霍乱对世界各地的威胁大幅减少。
【句式剖析】　“the threat f chlera arund the wrld saw a substantial decrease”是一个以无生命的名词词组作主语的句式。“无生命的名词＋see/find/witness…”意为“……经历、发生、见证、目睹某事”。
有些动词，如see, find, witness等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时经历、发生、见证或目睹某事。
The twentieth century witnessed tw wrld wars. 二十世纪经历了两次世界大战。
【针对练习】　完成句子　(1)_________________ the imprvement f peple’s life. 这棵老树见证了人们的生活得到了改善。(2)_______________ him wandering alne in the evening. 夜晚，他独自一人在寂静的街道上徘徊。【答案】(1)The ld tree has seen　(2)The quiet street fund　
3．(P3)Mrever, in his use f maps and statistics, Snw transfrmed the way scientists study diseases. 【翻译】此外，通过使用地图和统计数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
【句式剖析】　“Snw transfrmed the way scientists study diseases”，是主从复合句。“scientists study diseases”是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰“the way”。
在含有定语从句的复合句中，the way作先行词时有以下三种情况：　(1)关系词在定语从句中作状语，关系词用in which，that或省略。(2)关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用that或which。(3)关系词在从句中作宾语，关系词用that, which或省略。
During thse times, music can help yu in the same way (that/ in which) it helped me. 在那些时候，音乐可以像帮助我一样帮助你。
【针对练习】　单句语法填空　(1)What surprised me was nt what he said but the way _____ he said it. (2)N ne will supprt the way _______ he mentined at the meeting. (3)Is this the way __________ was against by many peple?【答案】(1)in which/that/省略　(2)that/which/省略　(3)which/that　
完成句子　(4)The Smiths are praised fr _____________ their children. 史密斯夫妇因教育孩子的方式而受到称赞。(5)I dn’t knw ___________________ such a big fire. 我不知道汤姆是怎么在这么大的火灾中幸存下来的。【答案】(4)the way they bring up　(5)the way Tm survived　
Ⅰ．单句语法填空　1．Befre the 1830s, mst newspapers were sld thrugh annual __________(subscribe) in America, usually frm $8 t $10 a year. 2．A large number f peple were __________(severe) injured in the accident. 【答案】1．subscriptins　2．severely　
3．____________(suspect) the traveller f carrying drugs, the custms fficial stpped him and went thrugh his suitcase. 4．Either he r his wife is __________(blame) fr the bad behaviur f the by. 5．Mst fd webs, fr instances, cnsist f many weak ________(link) rather than a few strng nes. 【答案】3．Suspecting 　4．t blame　5．links　
6．They ____________(defeat) their enemies befre they culd get help. 7．Althugh her relatives didn’t think she culd live fr three mnths, the ld dctr finally cured her __________ her disease. 8．Experts warn that medical waste frm hspitals, if nt __________(handle) prperly, may cntribute t spreading diseases. 【答案】6．had defeated　7．f 　8．handled　
9．The accidents have decreased____________20% since the measure was taken. 10．The fats in fish are thught t help prevent heart disease. But it seems ________ many peple dn’t ck fish at hme. 【答案】9．by　10．that　
Ⅱ．短语填空　be infected with; thanks t; be t blame; nce and fr all; suspect sb. f sth. ; be linked t　1．__________________ the Beatles, a lt f pprtunities were pened up t new faces n the market. 2．The teacher has warned the student ______________. 【答案】1．Thanks t　2．nce and fr all
3．Sme peple were nt cncerned abut the disease because they didn’t think they culd ______________________ it. 4．The plice ________________ him ________________ having taken the mney. 【答案】3．be infected with　4．suspected; f　
5．The spkesman said that the pr safety standards ______________________ fr last Sunday’s accident. 6．It is bvius that lung cancer ____________________ heavy smking. 【答案】5．were t blame　6．is linked t　
Ⅲ．完成句子　1．It is my hnur t be here t share with yu my pinins n ______________________ in senir high schl. 我很荣幸能在这里和大家分享关于高中学什么的看法。【答案】1．what t learn　
2．The huses in the city are ____________________ families with lw incme can’t affrd t buy ne. 城市里的房子太贵了，低收入家庭买不起。3．___________________ he explained the sentence t us was nt difficult t understand. 他向我们解释这个句子的方式并不难理解。【答案】2．s expensive that 3．The way that