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    高考英语二轮复习易错题专练17 语法填空(含解析)

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    高考英语二轮复习易错题专练17 语法填空(含解析)

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    这是一份高考英语二轮复习易错题专练17 语法填空(含解析),共28页。试卷主要包含了易错题类型,举一反三,易错题通关等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    
    专题17 语法填空
    备战2023高考英语考试易错题(新高考专用)(解析版)

    一 易错题类型

    【易错题01】 谓语动词时态,语态和主谓一致
    1. (2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
    After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
    58.【答案】were
    【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句讲的是过去未受保护,所以要用一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。故填were。
    59.【答案】to increase
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中已经有一个谓语动词“will extend”,剩下的这个“increase”作非谓语,由句意可知,increase在此处表示目的,应用动词的不定式的形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。故填to increase。
    60.【答案】is designed
    【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。本句句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,维护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。故填is designed。
    2. (2022年全国乙卷语法填空)...The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address)the opening ceremony. "
    【答案】addressed
    【解析】考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填addressed。
    3. (2022年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached ......
    【答案】has walked
    【解析】考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。

    【易错题02】 非谓语动词
    1.(2022年全国乙卷语法填空) It can help to build a community with a 66 (share)future for mankind," he said. ...
    【答案】shared
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
    2.(2022年全国甲卷语法填空)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___61___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
    【答案】to journey
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey为动词,表示“旅行”,step前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。
    3.He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____70____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
    【答案】planning
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步返回到西安。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式,plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填planning。
    4. (2022年全国乙卷语法填空) 68 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 69 (invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
    68. 【答案】To strengthen
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
    69.【答案】 inviting
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。

    【易错题03】 形容词和副词
    1.(2022年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years. Cao has walked (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.
    【答案】highest
    【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
    2. (2023届高三九师联盟9月联考) Walking along a trail in the shadowy forest, I saw ____68____(variety) plans that have started to turn reddish.
    【答案】various
    【解析】考查形容词。根据设空处后面的名词可知,此处应当使用形容词,故填various。
    【易错题04】 连词
    1. (2022年全国高考新高考I卷) The GPNP is designed (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
    61.【答案】and
    【解析】考查连词。设空处无提示词,且前后为并列关系,应用and,连接三个指导原则 “protecting..., ,preserving ..., and leaving ...”。本句句意。大熊猫保护区(GPNP)旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。故填and。
    2. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___65___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查定语从句关系词。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词等于关系词,设空处在从句中作指物的主语,先行词为species,且先行词前为all修饰,只能用关系代词that。(语法知识点:当先行词指物,且被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时,只使用that不用which引导。)本句句意:大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并大大改善该地区的生态系统健康。故填that。

    【易错题05】 介词
    1. (2022年全国乙卷语法填空)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
    【答案】by
    【解析】考查介词。句意:2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
    2. (2022年全国高考新高考I卷) Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
    【答案】as
    【解析】考查介词。固定短语:serve as (充当)。本句句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。故填as。
    【易错题06】 冠词
    1. (2022年全国高考新高考I卷) Covering (cover)an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
    【答案】the
    【解析】考查冠词。本句的结构为:倍数+the+名词(size/weight/length ...)+of B,表示“是B(大小/重量/长度...)的多少倍。本句句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。故填the。

    【易错题07】 代词
    ( 2023届高三九师联盟9月联考) When it was impossible for ___64___ (I) to row my boat, I tied it to my waist and pulled it behind me, with my plans rolled to my knees.
    【答案】my
    【解析】设空前面为介词,应当使用代词的宾格形式,故填me。
    【易错题08】 名词
    1. (2022年全国甲卷语法填空)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect).
    【答案】protection
    【解析】考查名词。句意:曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知,此处应用名词protection,作宾语,protection表示“保护”时,是不可数名词。故填protection。
    2. (2022年全国乙卷语法填空)As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest (large)tea-producing country, China has a 65 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
    【答案】Responsibility
    【解析】考查名词。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。
    3. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and eventually (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
    【答案】populations
    【解析】考查名词。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式,注意population为可数名词。本句句意:大熊猫保护区(GPNP)的的主要目标是改善大熊猫独立种群和家园之间的联系,并最终达到野外种群的理想水平。故填populations。

    二 举一反三


    1. (2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). __56___ (cover)an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
    56.【答案】Covering
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中以及有一谓语动词作非谓语“will be”,且无连词,动词cover需要用非谓语的形式。cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大写。本句句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。故填Covering。
    57.【答案】the
    【解析】考查冠词。本句的结构为:倍数+the+名词(size/weight/length ...)+of B,表示“是B(大小/重量/长度...)的多少倍。本句句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。故填the。
    58.【答案】were
    【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句讲的是过去未受保护,所以要用一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。故填were。
    59.【答案】to increase
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中已经有一个谓语动词“will extend”,剩下的这个“increase”作非谓语,由句意可知,increase在此处表示目的,应用动词的不定式的形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。故填to increase。
    2. (2023届高三加印一高8月测试卷) The first creature ____31____ (orbit) our planet was just 2 years old. Her name was Laika.She was a good dog. ...
    Our first steps into space began. Laika ____37____(follow) into orbit four years later by the first human,Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin. ...That hasn’t stopped people from signing up and blasting off. NASA’s Apollo program had ended____39____private companies are readying their own space programs. A company______40______(name) SpaceX is hoping to land civilian astronauts on Mars. Maybe you’ll be a member of them. Don’t forget to bring your dog.
    31.【答案】to orbit
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:第一个绕地球运行的生物才两岁。动词的修饰名词或代词前面有序数词、形容词最高级时,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to orbit。
    37.【答案】was followed
    【解析】考查动词语态。句意:莱卡进入太空四年后,第一个人类尤里·阿列克谢耶维奇·加加林(Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin)也被送入轨道。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词;根据文意,此处要用一般过去时;句子主语Laika与所填动词follow之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was followed。
    39.【答案】but
    【解析】考查连词。句意:美国宇航局的阿波罗计划已经结束,但是私人公司正在为他们自己的太空计划做准备。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填连词;根据句意,空格前后句有转折关系。故填but。
    40.【答案】named
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:一家名为SpaceX的公司希望将平民宇航员送上火星。分析句子结构可知,空格处要填非谓语动词,在句中作定语,修饰前面的名词SpaceX;所填词name与该名词之间是被动的关系,应用过去分词,意为“被称作”。故填named。
    3. (2022年全国甲卷语法填空)Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___63___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
    【答案】held
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold应用非谓语动词形式,hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。
    4. Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
    【答案】meaningful
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构,应用形容词meaningful,作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
    5. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony, opening 70 (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
    【答案】 its
    【解析】考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
    6. (2022年全国高考新高考II卷语法填空) Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child.

    Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
    36. 【答案】falling
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
    39. 【答案】to see
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。


    三 易错题通关

    Passage 1 (2022年1月浙江卷语法填空)
    Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___36___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____37____(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____38____ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____39____(change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____40_____(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____41____ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
    Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___42___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___43___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ____44____ (invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _______45_______(continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
    【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践,目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。
    36.【答案】that/who
    【解析】考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词替代,故填that/who。
    37.【答案】is viewed/has been viewed
    【解析】考查被动语态。句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed或has been viewed。
    38.【答案】are
    【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,此处也应使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。
    39.【答案】changing
    【解析】考查时态。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知,此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change,故填changing。
    40.【答案】roughly
    【解析】考查副词。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”,故填roughly。
    41.【答案】have promised
    【解析】考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have promised。
    42. 【答案】whether/if
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。
    43.【答案】the
    【解析】考查冠词。句意:大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内,故填the。
    44.【答案】invitation
    【解析】考查名词。句意:当答案是否定的时候,她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语,故填invitation。
    45.【答案】to continue
    【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth“计划做”,故填to continue。
    Passage 2
    The home of the future won't be ____1____(complete) different and we will be living in houses and flats just as we do today. ____2____(build) in different shapes, no two homes will look the same. People will be able to buy “house kits” containing a basic house structure, with adjustable walls, doors and windows. They will put together the different parts ____3____ (create) the home they want.
    Space holidays will develop in the future, but these holidays won't be for everyone because they are ____4____ (expensive) than holidays on the earth. Short space trips will develop first, then the space hotels will go around the earth ____5____it will be possible to have a longer vacation. By ____6____end of the next century, there will be holiday centres on the moon with leisure facilities for families.
    According to the laws of physics, the earth is going to____7____( appear) some time in the future. This isn't going to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion years when our sun____8____(explode). ____9____ a result,we will have to explore the universe and find another home. At some point in the distant future, either we stay on the earth and die with it,or we leave and move to another planet. There won't be any other____10____(choose).
    【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文,介绍了将来的房子及生活。
    1.【答案】completely
    【解析】考查副词。句意:将来的家不会是完全不同,我们将住在房子里和公寓里,就像现在住的一样。修饰形容词 different要用副词。故填completely。
    2.【答案】Built
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:被建成不同的形状,没有两个房子是一样的。空格处是状语,build与主语two homes是被动关系,要用过去分词,故填Built。
    3.【答案】to create
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们将不同的部分组装成他们想要的家。空格处表目的,要用不定式。故填to create。
    4.【答案】more expensive
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:太空度假在将来将会发展,但是这些假期不适合于每一个人,因为这些假期要比地球上的贵许多。根据 than holidays on the earth可知此处进行比较,要用比较级。故填more expensive。
    5.【答案】where
    【解析】考查定语从句。句意:短期太空旅游将首先发展,然后太空旅馆将围绕地球,在那里较长的度假是可能的。空格处引导定语从句,先行词是 the earth,在定语从句中作地点状语,需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
    6.【答案】the
    【解析】考查冠词。句意:到下一世纪末,在月球上将有舒适的度假中心。根据 by the end of(在......末)可知空格处填the。 故填the。
    7.【答案】disappear
    【解析】考查动词。句意:根据物理法则,地球将在将来的某个时候消失。根据 be going to do(将做某事)可知,空格处是动词原形,结合句意“消失”可知,此处为disappear。故填disappear。
    8.【答案】explodes
    【解析】考查动词。句意:这个不可能明天发生,但是科学家预测50亿年以后,太阳将会爆炸。主句为一般将来时,when引导的时间状语从句,要用一般现在时表将来,主语为our sun,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填explodes。
    9.【答案】As
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:因此,我们不得不探索宇宙,找到新的家园。根据固定短语as a result(因此)可知,空格处填as,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填As。
    10.【答案】choice
    【解析】考查名词。句意:那里不会有其它选择。根据any other可知空格处是名词。故填choice。
    Passage 3
    Chinese carmakers are taking the lead in developing the intelligent cockpit (驾驶座舱),____1____ is becoming a key part of the modern driving experience.
    Intelligent cockpits combine smart technologies with ____2____ (vary) driving functions, such as voice recognition for vehicle commands and the entertainment and navigation (导航) systems.
    According to a report ____3____ (publish) by patent research firm PatSnap last week, globally there have been 193, 000 patent applications related ____4____ intelligent cockpits.
    Of those, China owns 82, 300 applications, accounting for 42.56 percent of the total and ____5____ (rank) first worldwide. It means that the country has become the ____6____ (much) important market for intelligent cockpit technology, according to the report.
    Japan ranks ____7____ (two) with 31, 900 patent applications and the United States follows with 19, 300. The patent applications of the top three nations account for around 70 percent of the total.
    A representative from PatSnap has said the three countries represent the development trend of the automobile industry to a certain degree as they ____8____ (be) the three largest auto producers worldwide.
    It can ____9____ (see) that under the global trend of autonomous, connected, electric and shared vehicles, the intelligent cockpit has become one of the vital development ______10______ (direction) of the future of mobility, the report said.
    【篇章解读】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了中国汽车制造商在开发智能座舱方面处于世界领先地位,智能座舱正成为现代驾驶体验的重要组成部分。
    1.【答案】which
    【解析】考查定语从句。句意:中国汽车制造商在开发智能座舱方面处于领先地位,智能座舱正成为现代驾驶体验的重要组成部分。分析可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the intelligent cockpit,关系代词which引导从句,在从句中作主语,指代事物。故填which。
    2.【答案】various/varied
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:智能驾驶舱将智能技术与多种驾驶功能结合在一起,比如车辆命令的语音识别、娱乐和导航系统。根据后文名词functions可知,此处应用形容词various或varied作定语修饰名词。故填various/varied。
    3.【答案】published
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:根据专利研究公司PatSnap上周发布的一份报告,全球有19.3万件与智能驾驶舱内相关的专利申请。非谓语动词publish和所修饰的名词report之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
    4.【答案】to
    【解析】考查介词。句意:根据专利研究公司PatSnap上周发布的一份报告,全球有19.3万件与智能驾驶舱内相关的专利申请。relate to“与……有关”是固定搭配。故填to。
    5.【答案】ranking
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:其中,中国有82,300人申请,占总数的42.56%,位居世界第一。非谓语动词rank和主语之间是主动关系,故用其现在分词作状语,和前文accounting并列。故填ranking。
    6.【答案】most
    【解析】考查最高级。句意:报告称,这意味着中国已成为智能座舱技术最重要的市场。根据句意可知,此处用most构成形容词important的最高级。故填most。
    7.【答案】second
    【解析】考查序数词。句意:日本以31,900件专利申请排名第二,美国以19,300件紧随其后。根据句意可知,此处应用序数词表示“排名第二”。故填second。
    8.【答案】are/have been
    【解析】考查时态。句意:PatSnap的一位代表表示,这三个国家在一定程度上代表了汽车行业的发展趋势,因为它们是(已经成为)世界上最大的三个汽车生产商。根据句意可知,此处描述现在事实,故可用一般现在时;也可用现在完成时,表示过去的状态对现在的影响,意为“已经成为”。主语为复数,故填are/have been。
    9.【答案】be seen
    【解析】考查被动语态。句意:报告称,可以看出,在自动驾驶、互联、电动和共享汽车的全球趋势下,智能座舱已成为未来移动的重要发展方向之一。谓语动词see和主语(it为形式主语,替代后面that引导的主语从句)之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,情态动词后接动词原形。故填be seen。
    10.【答案】directions
    【解析】考查名词复数。句意:报告称,可以看出,在自动驾驶、互联、电动和共享汽车的全球趋势下,智能座舱已成为未来移动的重要发展方向之一。根据前文one of可知,此处应用可数名词direction的复数形式。故填directions。
    Passage 4
    Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a health care system in which patients ____1____ (treat) with natural plant, animal, and mineral remedies (药物). It is assumed, for a person to be healthy, ____2____ yin and yang forces should he in balance. Imbalance causes illness or injury. TCM is about ____3____ (restore) the balance between yin and yang forces in patients. It has been a major part of traditional Chinese culture and continues to play ____4____ vital role in medical treatment in China today.
    According to the World Health Organization, nearly 80 percent of the world's population depends for its primary health care needs____5____ medicines from plants and animals. This is especially true in countries where traditional medicines are ____6____ (wide) used.
    Increasingly, however, modern medicines also contain substances from animals and plants. Given growing populations, increasing wealth, and the spreading____7____ (popular) of natural remedies around the world, the demand for these medicines and remedies ____8____ (rise) now. The rising demand, ____9____ (combine) with reduced habitat, has caused an alarming increase in the number of plant and animal species used for medicinal purposes at risk for many years. For instance, TCM uses about 1,000 plant and 36 animal species, including the tiger, rhinoceros, and sea horse, _____10_____ are all in danger.
    【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍传统中医、传统中医的疗法及其对所需用药的动植物的影响。
    1.【答案】are treated
    【解析】考查时态语态。句意:传统中医是一种医疗保健系统,是一种患者接受天然植物,动物和矿物质药物的治疗。根据句意可知,此句描述一般事实,故用一般现在时。主语patients与treat是动宾关系,故用被动语态。主语patients是复数。故填are treated。
    2.【答案】that
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:人们认为,为了使一个人健康,阴阳力量应该平衡。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查It is assumed that。其中It作形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语,引导词that不可以省略。故填that。
    3.【答案】 restoring
    【解析】考查动名词。句意:传统中医是关于恢复患者阴阳之间的平衡。根据空前的介词about可知,此处用动名词restoring,作宾语。故填restoring。
    4.【答案】a
    【解析】考查冠词。句意:它一直是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,并在当今中国的医疗中继续发挥着至关重要的作用。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语play a vital role in,表示“在……发挥至关重要的作用”。因为vital是以辅音音素开头,故设空处填a。故填a。
    5.【答案】on/upon
    【解析】考查介词。句意:根据世界卫生组织的数据,世界近80%的人口依靠植物和动物的药物来满足其基本的卫生保健需求。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语depend on/upon,表示“依靠”。故填on/upon。
    6. 【答案】widely
    【解析】考查副词。句意:在广泛使用传统药物的国家尤其如此。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处用副词widely,表示“广泛地”,作状语,修饰used。故填widely。
    7.【答案】popularity
    【解析】考查名词。句意:鉴于人口不断增长,财富不断增加,以及自然疗法在世界各地的普及,对这些药物和疗法的需求现在正在上升。根据空格前的定冠词the可知,此处应填不可数名词popularity,表示“普及”,故填popularity。
    8.【答案】 is rising
    【解析】考查时态及主谓一致。根据句子结构可知,此处应填谓语动词。根据句意,此句描述现阶段持续的状态,故用现在进行时。主语the demand是单数。故填is rising。
    9.【答案】combined
    【解析】考查过去分词。句意:结合栖息地的减少,不断增长的需求导致多年来用于药用目的的植物和动物物种数量惊人地增加。根据句子结构可知,此处填非谓语动词。The rising demand与combine是动宾关系,故用过去分词combined作后置定语。故填combined。
    10.【答案】 which
    【解析】 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意:例如,传统中医使用大约1000种植物和36种动物,包括老虎,犀牛和海马,它们都处于危险之中。根据句子结构可知,此句是非限制性定语从句,引导词用which,指代先行词about 1,000 plant and 36 animal species,在从句中作主语。故填which。
    Passage 5
    Inspired by Chinese jade ornaments (玉制品), the medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games were announced ____1____ (official) on Oct. 26, 2021, 100 days ahead of the opening of the sporting event. After months of expectation and secrecy, the organizing committee of the Beijing 2022 Games introduced the medals — named tong xin, ____2____ means togetherness — during a ceremony ____3____ (mark) the countdown to the opening of the event on February 4th.
    The medals shave carvings of the Olympic rings ____4____ one side and are carved with the words “XXIV Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022”. The concentric rings around the center represent the pursuit of unity ____5____ harmony, while echoing the Olympic values of solidarity, inclusiveness and promoting peace. The other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem (徽章) at the center.
    Engravings (版画) of cloud patterns, an element ____6____ (use) on the torch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings. The outer rings ____7____ (decorate) with 24 stars strung together by circles, representing the 24th edition of the Winter Olympics. Visually, it looks quite simple and plain at first glance, while ____8____ (detail) such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven casting on the surface have made it special. 
    Designers’ ____9____ (inspire) from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital’s unique status-the first city ____10_____ (host) both the Summer and Winter Olympics.
    【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2022年冬奥会的官方奖牌设计细节。
    1.【答案】officially
    【解析】考查副词。句意:受中国玉器的启发,北京2022届冬奥会奖牌于2021年10月26日正式宣布,离体育赛事开幕前还有100天。副词officially作状语,修饰动词announce。故填officially。
    2.【答案】which
    【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意:经过数月的期待和保密,北京2022年奥运会组委会在2月4日的开幕倒计时仪式上推出了这些奖牌,名为同心,意思是团结。此处是非限制性定语从句  2   means togetherness,先行词是tong xin,指物,在从句中作主语,用关系代词which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
    3.【答案】marking
    【解析】考查现在分词。主句已有谓语introduced且无连词,动词mark用非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语a ceremony与动词mark是主谓关系,用现在分词(doing)表主动,作a ceremony的后置定语。故填marking。
    4.【答案】on
    【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:奖牌的一面刻着奥林匹克五环,上面刻着“2022年北京冬奥会”字样。固定搭配on one side (一边、在一边、一面)。故填on。
    5.【答案】and
    【解析】考查连词。句意:围绕中心的同心环代表着对团结与和谐的追求,同时呼应了团结、包容和促进和平的奥林匹克价值观。名词unity和名词harmony是并列关系,用并列连词and。故填and。
    6.【答案】used
    【解析】考查过去分词。句意:2008年北京夏季奥运会火炬上使用的云纹元素的雕刻,雪花和冰纹填满了外圈。本句已有谓语fill且无连词,动词use用非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语an element与动词use是动宾关系,用过去分词表被动,作an element的后置定语。故填used。
    7.【答案】are decorated
    【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:外圈由24颗星星组成,用圆圈串在一起,代表第24届冬奥会。此处缺少谓语,讲述客观事实,主语The outer rings和谓语动词decorate是被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语The outer rings是复数,谓语用复数形式。故填are decorated。
    8.【答案】details
    【解析】考查名词的数。句意:乍一看,它在视觉上看起来非常简单朴素,而云纹雕刻和雪花图案的雕刻以及表面不均匀的铸造等细节使它显得特别。detail是可数名词,结合下文such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven casting on the surface可知,不止一个细节,用名词复数形式作主语。故填details。
    9.【答案】inspiration
    【解析】考查名词。句意:设计师们第二次从玉制品身上汲取灵感,以表彰中国首都的独特地位——第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。由名词所有格Designers’可知,此处用抽象名词inspiration作主语。故填inspiration。
    10.【答案】to host
    【解析】考查动词不定式。the +序数词+(名词)+to do sth. (第几个做某事的人/物),host使用动词不定式作名词city的后置定语。故填to host。
    Passage 6
    A grand bridge over the Yangtze River serving cars and trains began operations on Wednesday in Nantong, Jiangsu province, and is expected to ____1____ (great) promote the integration (整合) and the economy of one of China’s most developed regions-the Yangtze River Delta.
    It took six years and four months____2____ (build) the bridge between Nantong and Zhangjiagang. Many new technologies ____3____(use) then, including cables (电缆) with the highest tensile (拉力的) strength in the world and ____4____ advanced anti-collision system.
    “The anti-collision system can warn the river traffic authority within 3 kilometers if a ship appears likely to strike the bridge.” an engineer said. Each of the bridge’s 432 cables can hold up to 1, 000 metric tons, roughly the ____5____ (weigh) of more than 600 cars.
    As the second dual-use bridge in Jiangsu, ____6____ (follow) the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, the newly opened structure will help to ease traffic jam, ____7____ currently occurs on two neighboring Yangtze River bridges in Nantong and Wuxi cities. Travel time between Nantong and Wuxi by highway will be cut in half to 40 minutes.
    The upper half of the bridge, a highway of six lanes, ____8____ (have) a speed limit of 100 kilometers per hour. The ____9____ (low) half of the bridge has four lanes for trains. With what is designed to be 200 km/h, the new railway lane will cut travel time between Nantong and Shanghai from 3. 5 hours ____10____ just over an hour.
    【篇章解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国沪苏通长江公路铁路两用大桥的基本情况。
    1.【答案】greatly
    【解析】考查副词。句意:周三,江苏省南通市一座可通汽车和火车的长江大桥通车,预计将极大地促进中国最发达的地区之一——长江三角洲地区的一体化和经济发展。此处用副词greatly作状语,修饰动词promote。故填greatly。
    2.【答案】to build
    【解析】 考查不定式。句意:南通张家港大桥的修建历时6年4个月。此处考查“It took some time to do sth.”,意为“花费一段时间做某事”,It为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式,因此空格处是to build,故填to build。
    3.【答案】were used
    【解析】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:当时使用了许多新技术,包括世界上抗拉强度最高的电缆和先进的防撞系统。根据时间状语then可知,该动作发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,又因为主语“Many new technologies”与动词use是被动关系,故此处用所给动词的一般过去时的被动语态,主语technologies是复数,因此空格处是were used,故填were used。
    4. 【答案】an
    【解析】考查冠词。此处是泛指,故用不定冠词,advanced是以元音音素开头的,故用不定冠词an。故填an。
    5.【答案】weight
    【解析】考查名词。句意:这座桥有432根钢缆,每根钢缆可以承重1000吨,大约相当于600多辆汽车的重量。根据名词所有格the       (weigh) of more than 600 cars可知,此处用名词weight,是不可数名词,意为“重量”,故填weight。
    6.【答案】following
    【解析】考查现在分词。句意:作为江苏省继南京长江大桥之后的第二座两用桥梁,新开放的结构将有助于缓解目前南通和无锡市两座相邻的长江大桥上出现的交通拥堵。分析句子成分可知,bridge和follow之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处用所给动词的现在分词做后置定语,表示主动。故填following。
    7.【答案】which
    【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词“traffic jam”是物,故此处用关系代词which。故填which。
    8.【答案】has
    【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:大桥上半部分是6车道高速公路,限速为每小时100公里。此处陈述的是一般事实,故用一般现在时,又因为主语是“The upper half of the bridge”是单数,故此处用所给动词的第三人称单数形式has。故填has。
    9.【答案】lower
    【解析】考查比较级。句意:桥的下半部分有四条火车车道。由前面的“The upper half of the bridge”可知,此处指“较低的桥的一半部分”,故用所给形容词的比较级,即lower,意为“较低的”,故填lower。
    10.【答案】 to
    【解析】考查介词。句意:这条新线的设计时速为200公里,南通至上海的旅行时间将从3.5小时缩短至1小时多一点。“from. . . to. . . ”意为“从……到……”,为固定搭配,因此空格处是介词to,故填to。
    Passage 7
    With a world reputation of beautiful silk producing nation, Chinese clothing enjoys a time-honored culture. China was the first country in the world ____1____ (develop) silk weaving (编织). According to archaeologists, Chinese people ____2____ (start) weaving since Neolithic ages. 3,000 years ago, silk weaving was already significantly developed.
    In ancient China, people’s rank and social status could easily be figured out from their daily dressing, especially for the ordinary people and the upper class. Among the upper class, only the Emperor ____3____ (assign) the colour yellow. As for the ministers, generals and their ____4____ (wife), their uniforms were also restrictively regulated.
    Chinese clothing has many types and suits according to ____5____ (variety) occasions. We have traditional Zhongshan suit, Cheongsam (旗袍) and many other suits ____6____ (create) by ethnic minorities (少数民族). Each type of the clothes has a unique way of making and sewing.
    Cheongsam is popular because it has simple lines and looks elegant, ____7____ it fits Chinese females’ figures well. It is suitable ____8____ both young and elderly group. And it can either belong or short. Cheongsam is recognized around the world, ____9____ has inspired many foreign adaptations. It is ____10____ (popular) worn in China as the wedding dress, traditionally in red.
    【篇章解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是中国的特色服装。
    1. 【答案】to develop
    【解析】考查不定式。句意:中国是世界上最早发展丝织的国家。“the first+名词”后用不定式作后置定语,因此空格处是不定式to develop,故填to develop。
    2.【答案】have started
    【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:根据考古学家的说法,中国人从新石器时代就开始编织了。由“since Neolithic ages”可知,句子时态用现在完成时,主语people是复数,助动词使用have,因此空格处是have started,故填have started。
    3.【答案】was assigned
    【解析】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:在上层社会,只有皇帝才被指定使用黄色。根据语境可知,只有皇帝才被指定使用黄色,句子用被动语态,且句子描述过去的事情,因此时态用一般过去时,因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were done,主语Emperor是第三人称单数,系动词用was,因此空格处是was assigned。故填was assigned。
    4.【答案】wives
    【解析】考查名词的复数。句意:至于大臣,将军和他们的夫人,他们的制服也被严格规定。and表并列,由前面的“the ministers, generals”是复数形式可知,空格处用复数wives,故填wives。
    5.【答案】various
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:中国服装根据不同的场合有多种类型和套装。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词occasions,variety的形容词是various,意为“各种各样的”,故填various。
    6.【答案】created
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们有传统的中山装、旗袍等少数民族创造的服装。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是have,空格处用非谓语动词,由by可知,空格处用过去分词created表被动作后置定语,故填created。
    7.【答案】and
    【解析】考查连词。句意:旗袍很受欢迎,因为它线条简单,看起来优雅,而且很适合中国女性的身材。“it has simple lines and looks elegant”和“it fits Chinese females’ figures well”是并列关系,因此空格处用and连接,故填and。
    8.【答案】for
    【解析】考查介词和固定短语。句意:它适合年轻人和老年人使用。be suitable for是固定短语,意为“适合”,因此空格处是介词for,故填for。
    9.【答案】which
    【解析】考查定语从句。句意:旗袍在世界范围内被认可,这激发了许多外国的改版。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,主语是前面整个主句,因此空格处用关系代词which,故填which。
    10.【答案】popularly
    【解析】考查副词。句意:在中国,它被普遍用作结婚礼服,传统上是红色的。空格处用副词popularly修饰动词worn,popularly意为“普遍地”,故填popularly。
    Passage 8
    The first creature ____1____ (orbit) our planet was just 2 years old. Her name was Laika.She was a good dog. Her 1957 flight paved the way for space ____2____(explore) when scientists wondered____3____it was lethal (致命的) for living things.
    Humans are explorers since the dawn of civilization. We ____4____ (attract) over the horizon to find food or more space, or just to see what beyond those trees or mountains or oceans. Our ability to explore reached new heights. Airplanes shortened distances, simplified travel and showed us Earth from ____5____ new aspect. By the middle of the last century, we aimed even____6____ (high).
    Our first steps into space began. Laika ____7____(follow) into orbit four years later by the first human,Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin. Space travel is nothing like in the movies. Getting from A to B requires complex calculations____8____ (involve) inertia (惯性) and gravity. Space is also dangerous. More than 20 astronauts have died while doing their jobs.
    That hasn’t stopped people from signing up and blasting off. NASA’s Apollo program had ended____9____private companies are readying their own space programs. A company_____10_____(name) SpaceX is hoping to land civilian astronauts on Mars. Maybe you’ll be a member of them. Don’t forget to bring your dog.
    【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类探索太空的历史。
    1.【答案】to orbit
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:第一个绕地球运行的生物才两岁。动词的修饰名词或代词前面有序数词、形容词最高级时,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to orbit。
    2.【答案】exploration
    【解析】考查名词。句意:1957年,她的飞行为太空探索铺平了道路,当时科学家们想知道它对生物是否致命。分析句子结构,根据空格前space可知,此处要填名词,构成固定短语space exploration(太空探索)。故填exploration。
    3.【答案】whether
    【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,此处宾语句,从句不缺主宾表状等成分;根据句意可知,此处意指“它对生物是否致命”,应用whether引导。故填whether。
    4.【答案】have been attracted
    【解析】考查动词语态。句意:我们被地平线所吸引,去寻找食物或更大的空间,或者只是去看看那些树、山或海洋之外的东西。根据前句since the dawn of civilization可知,该段主要讲述自从人类文明以来,人类就渴望探索太空,所以用现在完成时;同时,句子主语we和所填词attract之间是被动的关系。故填have been attracted。
    5.【答案】a
    【解析】考查冠词。句意:飞机缩短了距离,简化了旅行,并从一个新的角度向我们展示了地球。根据句意,此处泛指“一个全新的角度”,应用不定冠词,new是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故填a。
    6.【答案】higher
    【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:到上个世纪中叶,我们的目标更高了。根据空格前副词even可知,空格处要填比较级。故填higher。
    7.【答案】was followed
    【解析】考查动词语态。句意:莱卡进入太空四年后,第一个人类尤里·阿列克谢耶维奇·加加林(Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin)也被送入轨道。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词;根据文意,此处要用一般过去时;句子主语Laika与所填动词follow之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was followed。
    8.【答案】involving
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:从A点到B点需要复杂的计算,包括惯性和重力。分析句子结构可知,此处要填非谓语动词,在句中作状语;根据句意,所填词involve与前面的名词calculation之间是主动关系,此处应该用现在分词。故填involving。
    9.【答案】but
    【解析】考查连词。句意:美国宇航局的阿波罗计划已经结束,但是私人公司正在为他们自己的太空计划做准备。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填连词;根据句意,空格前后句有转折关系。故填but。
    10.【答案】named
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:一家名为SpaceX的公司希望将平民宇航员送上火星。分析句子结构可知,空格处要填非谓语动词,在句中作定语,修饰前面的名词SpaceX;所填词name与该名词之间是被动的关系,应用过去分词,意为“被称作”。故填named。
    Passage 9
    The design and colors of the Beijing Winter Olympic Villages reflect Chinese aesthetics (美学). The city ___1___ (see) 288 days of good air quality last year, up by 112 days from 2013. In history, Beijing 2022 is the first Games ___2___ all venues (场地) are powered by clean energy and Beijing is the first city in the world ___3___ (host) both the Summer and Winter Games. Passenger vehicles used for the Games’ official transport service are powered by renewable energy. The world’s first express train with a studio ___4___ (power) by 5G tech has been launched. “Green” tops ___5___ China-proposed concept of hosting “green, inclusive, open and clean” Olympic Winter Games. A number of Olympic high ___6___ (technology) have been applied for the first time in Beijing to ensure ___7___ (it) goal of carbon neutrality.
    The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games mascot Shucy RhonRhon symbolizes reunion and joy. China’s commitment to engage 300 million people in winter sports has already become a ___8___ (real). Named “Tongxin”, the medals are designed and inspired ___9___ Chinese ancient jade concentric circle pendants (同心圆吊坠). A menu of 678 dishes will be served ___10___ (special) to athletes from diverse cultural backgrounds all around the world.
    【篇章解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022北京冬季奥会所体现的中国美学、北京冬奥会的与众不同之处和北京冬季奥会吉祥物的设计理念。
    1.【答案】saw
    【解析】考查动词。句意:北京冬季奥运村的设计和色彩体现了中国美学。北京去年空气质量良好的天数为288天。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语last year,可知句子的时态为一般过去时。设空处应用动词的过去式的形式。故填saw。
    2.【答案】where
    【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意:北京2022年冬奥会是历史上第一届所有场馆都使用清洁能源的奥运会,也是世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作地点状语,先行词为games,故填where。
    3.【答案】to host
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语,当名词被序数词修饰时,应用动词不定式的形式作定语。故填to host。
    4.【答案】powered
    【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:世界上首次在高速列车上安装了5G技术驱动的工作室。设空处在句中作非谓语,根据空后的by,可知应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填powered。
    5.【答案】the
    【解析】考查冠词。句意:“绿色”优于中国提出的举办“绿色、包容、开放、清洁”冬奥会的首要理念。设空处特指后面的办奥理念。应用定冠词the。故填the。
    6.【答案】technologies
    【解析】考查名词。句意:为了实现碳中和的目标,一些奥运高科技首次在北京得到应用。设空处在句中作主语,应用名词的形式,a number of许多,后应用名词的复数形式。故填technologies。
    7.【答案】its
    【解析】考查代词。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词,设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词。故设空处应为形容词性的物主代词。故填its。
    8.【答案】reality
    【解析】考查名词。设空处前为不定冠词a,设空处应为名词的单数形式。故填reality。
    9.【答案】by
    【解析】考查介词。句意:奖牌的设计灵感来源于中国古代玉石同心圆挂件。根据句意,此处表达受……启发,应用by。故填by。
    10.【答案】specially
    【解析】考查副词。设空处后为动词,副词修饰动词,设空处应用副词的形式。故填specially。
    Passage 10
    Shennongjia is a household name in China because it’s the home of the legendary “wild man”. Its folk tale spans the generations.
    Between 1976 and 1981, the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized three large scale ____1____   (science) investigations. They have collected hair, footprints and waste suspected of belonging ____2____ a “wild man”, but some experts argue that most were the result of bears, monkeys or even human beings. They failed ____3____ (uncover) the myth of “wild man”, but discovered the area’s rich biodiversity. Although several hundred people have claimed ____4____ (they) as eyewitnesses of some giant apelike creatures in Shennongjia, there is no tangible evidence to confirm the ____5____ (exist) of a “wild man”.
    Nowadays, Shennongjia’s attraction is not merely about “wild man”. Its appeal ____6____ (be) more about its lively ecology, rich biodiversity and karst landforms. Shennongjia’s beauty varies over the year as nature ____7____ (take) its course. Tourists can enjoy flower blossoms in spring, be shaded from the summer heat, appreciate red leaves in autumn ____8____ go skiing in winter.
    The “wild man” legend has been passed on for generations by word-of- mouth. In 2016, the legend of "wild man" in Shennongjia ____9____ (add) to Hubei province’s intangible cultural heritage list. Today, tourists can visit Wild Man Cave, _____10_____ eyewitnesses claimed that they spotted the creatures, and see “wild man” sculptures.
    【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国神农架自然保护区。神农架在中国家喻户晓,因为它是传说中的“野人”的故乡,本文告诉我们那里的风景也很美。
    1.【答案】scientific
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:1976年至1981年间,中国科学院组织了三次大规模的科学调查。分析句子,该空需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词investigations,所给词science为名词,其形容词形式为scientific。故填scientific。
    2.【答案】to
    【解析】考查介词。句意:他们收集了怀疑属于“野人”的头发、脚印和垃圾,但一些专家认为,大多数是熊、猴子甚至人类的产物。固定短语belong to意为“属于”,符合语境。故填to。
    3.【答案】to uncover
    【解析】考查动词。句意:他们没能揭开“野人”的神秘面纱,却发现了该地区丰富的生物多样性。固定短语fail to do表示“没能做成某事”,符合语境,所给动词uncover应使用动词不定式形式作fail的宾语。故填to uncover。
    4.【答案】themselves
    【解析】考查代词。句意:尽管数百人声称自己在神农架亲眼目睹了一些巨大的类人猿生物,但并没有确凿的证据来证实“野人”的存在。该句中使用了短语claim…as,该空应该是claim的宾语,并且指代主语several hundred people,宾语与主语相同时,宾语应使用反身代词;所给人称代词主格they,其反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
    5.【答案】existence
    【解析】考查名词。分析句子,该空应填名词作confirm的宾语,所给词exist为动词,其名词拼写为existence。故填existence。
    6.【答案】is
    【解析】考查时态及主谓一致。句意:它的吸引力更多地体现在生动的生态、丰富的生物多样性和喀斯特地貌。该空所给动词be在句中作谓语,描述的是一般性事实,应使用一般现在时,主语appeal为不可数名词,谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填is。
    7.【答案】takes
    【解析】考查时态及主谓一致。句意:如今,神农架的吸引力已不仅仅是“野人”,随着自然的变化,神农架的美丽一年又一年。所给动词take在as引导的时间状语从句中作谓语,叙述大自然的变化应使用一般现在时,主语nature为不可数名词,谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填takes。
    8.【答案】and
    【解析】考查连词。句意:游客可以在春天欣赏鲜花盛开,在夏天的炎热中乘凉,在秋天欣赏红叶,在冬天滑雪。该句列举了四个在神农架游客可以做的事情,四个动词短语enjoy, be shaded from, appreciate和go skiing 为并列关系,应填and。故填and。
    9.【答案】was added
    【解析】考查时态语态。句意:“野人”传说代代相传,2016年,神农架“野人”传说被列入湖北省非物质文化遗产名录。该空所给动词add在句中作谓语,主语legend与add为被动关系,应该是有关工作人员把这个传说列在了名录里,应使用被动语态;时间状语In 2016,应使用一般过去时。故填was added。
    10.【答案】where
    【解析】考查定语从句。句意:如今,游客可以参观野人洞,那是目击者声称他们看到这种生物的地方,还可以看到“野人”雕塑。该空需要一个关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Wild Man Cave,并指代先行词在定语从句作地点状语。故填where。




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