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    高考英语一轮复习小题强化练习专题20完形填空题讲解与练习(含解析)

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    高考英语一轮复习小题强化练习专题20完形填空题讲解与练习(含解析)

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    这是一份高考英语一轮复习小题强化练习专题20完形填空题讲解与练习(含解析),共17页。试卷主要包含了 利用首句信息进行判断,利用语境进行推测,利用词汇复现解题,利用逻辑关系解题,利用生活常识和文化背景解题,受思维定式影响而失分,不明作者态度和感情色彩而失分,不能正确把握文章发展脉络而失分等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    专题20 完形填空题讲解与练习
    一、 利用首句信息进行判断

    完形填空一般无标题,首句一般不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者称为主导句,通常起着开启、概括或贯穿全文的作用。记叙文首句往往介绍事件发生的时润、地点、人物或起因等细节信息,说明文和议论文般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。 仔细分析文章的首句,往往维获取许多解题信息,从而节省考生的做题时间。

    1.利用首句可以帮助我们判断文章的体裁,捕捉文章的要素,预测文章的发展。
    若首句交代了when, where, who, what,即四个W,那么就是记叙文,很可能就是一个故事,为了测试语篇的理解能力,出题者特别注意选材的趣味性,其结尾往往出人意料,耐人寻味;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物,一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点,那么就是议论文。
    [典例]
    Recently, a man showed up at Denny's restaurant in Utah with a special request. And as it turned out, the reason behind his particular 41 is a proof that kindness makes all things work together forever! The man asked if he could be 42 (served) by a waitress who was a single mother. Though it seemed a bit strange, the restaurant owner was 43 to meet his request and seated him in the service section belonging to a 44 (waitress) named Crystal.
    41.A.demand B. identity C. survey D. power
    43.A.happy B. unfortunate C. confident D. unwilling
    ”Recently, a man showed up at Denny's restaurant in Utah with a special request“作为首段首句,包含着两个关键词”restaurant”和"request”。"restaurant”表明故事发生的地点,”request"是推动文章情节发展的主要因素。第41题的答案demand照应request,为同义复现;第43题在餐厅”的背景下,餐厅老板虽感到奇怪但仍”高兴地”满足他的要求并让其坐在Crystal 的服务区域内。
    答案:41.A 43.A
    二、利用语境进行推测
    近几年高考英语完形填空的最大特点是重点考查语境理解。整篇完形填空就是一个大语境,里面存在若干“微语境”,既环环相扣,又交叉包容,另外,所词语境,就是指文章上下文之间的联系,它们之间形成相互提示或相互反衬的作用。正因为完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力,所以空格的间后多有的暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)。考生在做题时,一定要取系上下文, 结合语境辨析所给选项,从中选出最符合语境的选项。

    三、利用词汇复现解题
    在完形填空的一部分题目中,考生不需要做出推理判断,可以利用风汇复现(某一词在同一语篇中重复出现)解题,轻松确定正确答案。这些词汇复现包括:
    (1)原词复现:在上下文中同一词汇重复出现。
    (2)同根词复现:词形变化的词汇复现,
    (3)同义/近义词复现:意思相同,相近的表达方式,或者解释性的词汇复现。
    (4)反义词复现:意思相反的表达方式对应复现。
    (5)上下义词复现:总括与分述的词汇复现。

    四、利用逻辑关系解题
    完形填空对于逻辑关系的考查有两种形式,一种是借助逻辑关系辨析词义,即把逻辑关系作为一种解题工具;另一种则直接选择逻辑关系标志词。

    五、 利用固定搭配解题
    完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查,主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态,即所谓的“习语”,不能随意改动。所以,考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题,需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力,特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。

    六、利用生活常识和文化背景解题
    完形填空题的基本形式是独立语篇,它以自身的语篇内容提供完整的语篇信息,渗透着各类相关的常识与知识,从文化科学常识,到地理历史常识,从风俗民情到名族习惯等等。考生根据已经掌握的丰富的文化知识和生活常识巧妙地加以运用,特别是注意中西方文化方面存在的巨大差异,将会节省宝贵的时间,顺理成章地选出正确答案。另外,利用生活常识和文化背景解题也需要考生结合逻辑推断,谨慎选择。

    七、不明词汇多义和生义理解不透而失分
    在完形填空的选项中,有时也会出现一些多义词。在英语中,有些单词有两个甚至多个意思,我们把这种现象称之为一词多义。如果考生对这类词的常见意义掌握得不够全面,就会在解答完形填空时错选或误选,尤其值得注意的是:近年高考在完形填空中考查熟词生义有加大的趋势。在复习词汇的过程中,我们要特别关注和积累一词多义,特别是常用动词及其短语。

    八、受思维定式影响而失分
    考试之前,考生做了大量的题目,考试不可避免地会在某些地方令考生有似曾相识的感觉,这原本是件好事,但考生的思维定式把这变成了一件坏事。有的考生看题还没过半,发现类似的题目老师讲解过,立即兴奋地动笔,有的同字基至常记忆老师讲过的解法来依葫芦画瓢,却不知试题的其他条件已经发生了变化,错解是必然结果。完形填空常见的有以下两种情况:
    (1)对一些单词形成的思维定式
    有些同学学习英语单词过于简单化,仅记其汉语意思,而不深刻理解其实际用法和用法之间的细微差异。例如:表示“成功做某事”,不可以用succeed to do sth.来表达。
    (2)学习词组或习惯用语时受到思维定式的影响。
    例如:学了wait for这个词组以后,有的学生在做题过程中只要碰到wait,后面要接介词时就毫不犹豫地选择for.但在“He stopped his car to wait at the red light.“中就不用for.

    九、不明作者态度和感情色彩而失分
    快速进入文章的意思就是能够做到整体带入,换句话说,就是我们要找到所有带有感情色彩的词(形容词和副词)。而且,高中英语考试的感情色彩简单,只有两个:好,坏。 形容词和副词往往是用来表达作者对待一件事物的思想感情的,空前后的内容的感情基调是高兴还是悲伤,是积极还是消极,直接决定着这个空所填形容词或副词的感性色彩。阅读过程中,考生有时需要把握文章的情感线索,尽量与作者的思想产生共鸣,正确理解作者所要表达的思想情感或内心感受。

    十、不能正确把握文章发展脉络而失分
    文章都是前后连贯,符合逻辑地向前延伸的,因此在解题中必须把握文章的走势,揣界文章字里行间的意义,选择与作者思路或意图相物合的选项,例如:上文有因为,下文必然有所以:上文有其然,下文必有完形填空
    其所以然。因此,考生在做完形填空时不需“随文应变”,不可“一意孤行”。要随着文段发展脉络,调整预测偏差。


    It was a beautiful, sunny summer day. I was on vacation in Sanya with my family.
    Holidaymakers 1 the beach. Shouts and cheers filled my ears. My mother was sitting under a big 2 , reading a book and drinking lemonade. My father was playing volleyball on the 3 sands. Walking along the beach, I could feel a cool summer breeze 4 my cheeks. So eager was I to explore the world in the 5 of sea that I took off my ring I got as a gift from my parents for graduation (beautiful, gold, inscribed(刻字的), full of emotional value) and 6 it in the cup holder of a foldable chair. Beach day continued, and we packed up and 7 back to the hotel. Upon arrival, I suddenly 8 what I’d done—my ring wasn’t on my finger. Panic 9 .
    We raced back to the beach with only 20 minutes to 10 before sunset. Get to the beach and locate the 11 area I laid out earlier. We searched it thoroughly, but without luck. My heart 12 and tears rolled down my cheeks. Learning what happened, about 25 strangers in the area got down on their hands and knees to help my 13 self search for my ring. And they helped me to the 14 . Suddenly someone 15 and shouted to me “I found it”. They all 16 around me so happy and congratulatory 17 they had won the lottery. My tears of 18 turned into tears of joy and thankfulness for the amazing effort put forth by this 19 faces.
    Just as Marianne Williamson 20 it, we experience love as kindness, giving, forgiveness, peace, joy and acceptance. Love can show up in a million different forms.
    1.A.arrived B.crowded C.deserted D.existed
    2.A.roof B.shadow C.umbrella D.sky
    3.A.cutting B.freezing C.moving D.burning
    4.A.brush B.strike C.impress D.seize
    5.A.depth B.length C.strength D.growth
    6.A.placed B.hide C.remained D.found
    7.A.headed B.flew C.escaped D.reached
    8.A.declared B.ignored C.shared D.realized
    9.A.set in B.set up C.set aside D.set out
    10.A.waste B.spare C.save D.rescue
    11.A.common B.damp C.general D.calm
    12.A.hurt B.crashed C.sank D.suffered
    13.A.begging B.sobbing C.nodding D.disguising
    14.A.course B.shore C.end D.distance
    15.A.backed off B.stepped forward C.stood up D.broke in
    16.A.assisted B.argued C.confirmed D.gathered
    17.A.in case B.even if C.as though D.what if
    18.A.appreciation B.expectation C.ignorance D.loss
    19.A.abnormal B.fresh C.unfamiliar D.remote
    20.A.goes B.creates C.puts D.expands
    (二)
    Christmas was near a season that we took seriously in our house. But a week or so before the 25th, my father would give each of his children $ 20. This was the 1970s, and $ 20 was quite a bit of money.
    But I saw it 1 . My father trusted me to have the 2 to spend money wisely. Even better, he gave me the 3 to get it. On a very basic level ,my father was giving me a shopping spree(狂欢)every year. But he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to 4 money and making me feel like a/an 5 . He didn't buy me Sherlock Holmes, but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, so it felt like a gift from him.
    My mother had a/an 6 for giving me what I needed, usually 7 at the moment I needed it most. This was when I was 25, I 8 at being an adult on my very first try. I had quitted my 9 job but had no new one. But when my mother 10 me a visit, I 11 a good show, telling her I had started my own company.
    My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn't until 12 she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with 13 . She knew how 14 I needed it. She knew that had she just shown up with groceries, or 15 to pay my rent, she would have made me feel much 16 . The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enough, the 17 with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space to 18 my life and preserve my dignity. My mother and father both did the same thing. One was giving me the means to take my own 19 ,and the other was giving me a second 20 when those decisions had cost me dearly.
    1.A.positively B.differently C.naturally D.originally
    2.A.intelligence B.passion C.power D.potential
    3.A.courage B.suggestions C.discipline D.means
    4.A.spend B.carry C.manage D.use
    5.A.grown-up B.teenager C.adventurer D.pioneer
    6.A.habit B.gift C.approach D.tradition
    7.A.approximately B.about C.right D.slightly
    8.A.failed B.fooled C.dropped D.fell
    9.A.important B.creative C.challenging D.previous
    10.A.brought B.suggested C.paid D.gave
    11.A.put on B.put away C.put off D.put forward
    12.A.before B.after C.when D.as
    13.A.credit B.loans C.receipts D.cash
    14.A.desperately B.hardly C.eventually D.accurately
    15.A.attempted B.offered C.promised D.refused
    16.A.better B.more C.less D.worse
    17.A.decoration B.love C.distance D.method
    18.A.defend B.equip C.fix D.develop
    19.A.actions B.opportunities C.risks D.decisions
    20.A.solution B.chance C.visit D.assistance
    (三)
    Not many 17-year-old girls know how to solder(焊)copper pipes together or light a pilot light. These are 1 I’ve learned as an assistant to my 2 in his plumbin(管道)business.
    My summer job deals with 3 that constantly arise physical and mental discomfort, and the work 4 an attitude of determination and patience that I frequently struggle to adopt.
    Each morning, I 5 myself into large-thick men’s jeans most girls would 6 to wear and climb into the plumber truck. As my classmates begin their 7 babysitting, or selling groceries, my dad and I carry 8 toolboxes and work in the dark basements. I often get 9 in messy storage boxes looking for the water meter. Nothing around is beautiful or tidy.
    Sometimes I 10 why I stand the dust and sweat when I could be in my air-conditioned house doing summer homework. Yet as much as I 11 the mess of plumbing. I look down upon myself for being so easily annoyed by disorder. 12 , the world was built by people willing to get their hands 13 .
    Five such summers have 14 me that the messy parts of people’s houses 15 the messy parts of their lives. As I learn to 16 the mess, I also learn to handle the 17 and contradictions in my adolescence. Life is a process of accepting 18 and learning to put it in order. Plumbing work is no different. You can see it in each newly soldered group of copper pipes. And when customers express 19 , I understand that, in a small way, we bring 20 to their lives.
    1. A. manners B. skills C. facts D. rules
    2. A. brother B. dad C. teacher D. friend
    3. A. messes B. customers C. noises D. exercises
    4. A. offers B. develops C. demands D. lacks
    5. A. wrestle B. lower C. squeeze D. hide
    6. A. need B. expect C. refuse D. choose
    7. A. shifts B. studies C. meetings D. travels
    8. A. fancy B. small C. expensive D. heavy
    9. A. injured B. absorbed C. lost D. interested
    10. A. know B. question C. imagine D. remember
    11. A. see B. clean C. hate D. create
    12. A. Or rather B. At least C. After all D. In addition
    13. A. full B. dirty C. firm D. free
    14. A. taught B. promised C. advised D. guaranteed
    15. A. examine B. divide C. reduce D. reflect
    16. A. sort out B. care about C. hunt for D. give up
    17. A. arrangements B. uncertainties C. competitions D. expectations
    18. A. failure B. help C. change D. chaos
    19. A. sympathy B. suspicion C. disapproval D. appreciation
    20. A. peace B. success C. wonder D. order
    (四)
    Isn't it amazing how you never have to water your weeds or nurture(培育) them and they still give you an unwanted crop?
    I can remember as a young boy my grandfather showed me how to 1 this annoying weed called Bermuda grass. It was 2 stuff and it would really 3 if you didn't get it out by the 4 .
    More recently when my wife and I bought our first home about 8 years ago, what I had to deal with was this certain part of weeds 5 to the Bermuda grass, which would also spread wildly.
    After getting the inside of our home 6 , it was time to work on the outside. On my hands and knees I 7 attacked the weeds with a small hand spade getting each one 8 by the roots.
    Just this Spring I realized that one particular weed was no longer 9 but another one was in full 10 . So again, I got down on my hands and knees and got to work 11 them from my yard. When I was 12 , my yard was better off.
    Sometimes our life can be so similar. We all have weeds in our life. These weeds can be challenges, setbacks, or 13 beliefs, and the list can be 14 .
    The 15 when dealing with these weeds of 16 is to get to the root of it and remove them one by one out and eventually you will 17 this round. And when another crop of weeds 18 , deal with them directly 19 they spread, because now that you know what to do with them by getting to the root of it, it will give you more courage and 20 the next time a problem arises up.
    1. A. eat up B. dig up C. break up D. put up
    2. A. powerful B. poisonous C. sensitive D. terrible
    3. A. spread B. succeed C. withdraw D. compromise
    4. A. leaves B. hands C. spades D. roots
    5. A. attractive B. similar C. fundamental D. unknown
    6. A. counted B. mended C. appreciated D. settled
    7. A. energetically B. unsuccessfully C. curiously D. thankfully
    8. A. inside B. out C. off D. across
    9. A. useful B. dynamic C. different D. common
    10. A. force B. length C. detail D. vain
    11. A. collecting B. attending C. ridding D. distinguishing
    12. A. worn-out B. accustomed C. finished D. introduced
    13. A. familiar B. religious C. past D. negative
    14. A. reasonable B. endless C. normal D. uncertain
    15. A. progress B. solution C. disadvantage D. permission
    16. A. life B. school C. house D. factory
    17. A. interrupt B. memorize C. conquer D. recognize
    18. A. shows up B. shows off C. takes up D. takes off
    19. A. unless B. even if C. before D. so that
    20. A. impression B. motivation C. wisdom D. satisfaction

    (一)
    【答案】
    1-5.BCDAA 6-10.AADAB 11-15.CCBCC 16-20.DCDCC
    【解析】
    这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在海滩度假时不小心丢了承载着重要意义的戒指,最后在很多陌生人的帮助之下找回了戒指。
    1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:度假者挤满了海滩。A. arrived到达;B. crowded聚集;挤满;C. deserted遗弃;抛弃;D. existed存在。根据后文“Shouts and cheers filled my ears.”可知,欢呼声充斥着我的耳朵,说明人很多,沙滩很拥挤。故选B项。
    2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我妈妈坐在一把大伞下,一边看书,一边喝柠檬水。A. roof屋顶;B. shadow阴影;C. umbrella伞;D. sky天空。根据句子“My mother was sitting under a big ___2___ , reading a book and drinking lemonade.”句意可知,妈妈应是坐在遮阳伞下看书喝柠檬水。故选C项。
    3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我爸爸在炙热的沙滩上打排球。A. cutting割破;剪切;B. freezing结冰;C. moving移动;D. burning燃烧。根据前文“It was a beautiful, sunny summer day”可知,这是一个阳光明媚的夏日,沙滩应是很热,由此推知本句在描述沙子像“燃烧”一样热。 故选D像。
    4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:沿着海滩散步,我能感到一股夏日凉风拂过我的脸颊。A. brush轻擦;掠过;B. strike撞击;C. impress给予某人深刻印象;D. seize抓住。根据前文“a cool summer breeze”意为“夏日凉风”,其后宾语为“my cheeks(我的脸颊)”可知,本句应是在讲述夏日凉风掠过脸颊,即夏日清风拂面。故选A项。
    5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我是如此渴望去深海里探索世界,以至于我摘下了父母送给我的毕业礼物戒指(漂亮的金色戒指,上面刻着字,充满了情感价值),把它放在了折叠椅的杯架上。A. depth深度;B. length长度;C. strength力量;强度;D. growth发展;增长。根据后文“I took off my ring I got as a gift from my parents for graduation”可知,作者脱下戒指应是为了下海,即探索海洋的深度。故选A项。
    6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我是如此渴望去深海里探索世界,以至于我摘下了父母送给我的毕业礼物戒指(漂亮的金色戒指,上面刻着字,充满了情感价值),把它放在了折叠椅的杯架上。A. placed放置;B. hide躲藏;C. remained保持;停留;D. found发现;找到。根据后文“in the cup holder of a foldable chair”可知,作者应是将戒指放在了可折叠椅上的杯架上。故选A项。
    7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:海滩日还在继续,我们收拾行装,返回酒店。A. headed前进;B. flew流动;C. escaped逃跑;D. reached到达。根据前文“packed up”并结合常识可知,收拾好东西之后作者一家返回酒店。head back to,“返回”。故选A项。
    8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:到达后,我突然意识到我做了什么——我的戒指没有戴在手指上。A. declared宣布;声明;B. ignored忽略;不理睬;C. shared分担;分享;D. realized意识到。根据后文“my ring wasn’t on my finger”可知,作者回到酒店后才发现戒指没有戴在手上,D项“realized”可用在句中表达“猛然发现;突然意识到”含义,符合语境。故选D项。
    9.考查动词词组辨析。句意:(我)开始恐慌了。A. set in (不好的事物) 来了;开始;B. set up建立;C. set aside 省出;抽出;D. set out启程;出发。根据主语“panic”意为“恐慌”,可知,作者开始慌了。故选A项。
    10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们跑回海滩,离日落只有20分钟了。A. waste浪费;B. spare剩下;抽出;C. save节省;挽救;D. rescue营救。根据空后的“before sunset”可知,作者一家赶回沙滩时举例日落只剩下20分钟。with…to spare,“还剩……”,符合语境。故选B项。
    11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:到达海滩,找到我之前说过的大致区域。 A. common普遍的;共同的;B. damp潮湿的;C. general大致的;大概的(方向或地区);D. calm冷静的。根据后文“I laid out earlier”可知,作者应是要在之前到过的沙滩的位置寻找丢失的戒指,这种位置应是一个大概的方向或地区。故选C项。
    12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的心一沉,眼泪顺着脸颊滚落下来。A. hurt伤害;B. crashed碰撞;撞击;C. sank下沉;D. suffered遭受;患有。根据前文“We searched it thoroughly, but without luck”可知,作者并没有找到戒指,且后文“tears rolled down my cheeks”提及作者哭了,因此判断作者心情沉重。故选C项。
    13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:得知发生了什么事后,附近大约有25个陌生人跪下来帮助啜泣的我寻找我的戒指。A. begging乞求;B. sobbing抽噎;啜泣;C. nodding点头;D. disguising掩饰。根据前文“My heart ___12_ and tears rolled down my cheeks.”可知,作者哭了,本句应是在表达有25个陌生人在了解情况后帮助作者寻找戒指,而作者的状态是“哭泣”。故选B项。
    14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们帮我到最后。A. course课程;B. shore海滨;岸;C. end结尾;结束;D. distance距离。根据后文:shouted to me “I found it”可知,这些陌生人帮助作者直到找到了戒指。help sb. to the end,“帮助某人到底”。故选C项。
    15.考查动词词组辨析。句意:突然有人站起来,对我喊道:“我找到了。”A. backed off避开;撤回;B. stepped forward前进;C. stood up站起来;D. broke in打断;闯入。根据前文“about 25 strangers in the area got down on their hands and knees to help my ___13___ self search for my ring.”可知,大家帮忙找戒指时是趴在地上的,后文“I found it”应是有人找到戒指站起身来冲作者大喊。故选C项。
    16.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们都聚集在我周围,兴高采烈地祝贺我,就好像他们中了彩票一样。A. assisted帮助;B. argued争论;C. confirmed确认;D. gathered聚集。根据空后的“around me”可知,应是找到戒指后,他们都围绕在我身边。gather around sb.,“聚集在某人周围”。故选D项。
    17.考查连词词义辨析。句意:他们都聚集在我周围,兴高采烈地祝贺我,就好像他们中了彩票一样。A. in case以防;万一;B. even if即使;C. as though就好像;D. what if如果……将会怎样。根据句子“so happy and congratulatory ___17___ they had won the lottery”可知,帮我找到戒指,大家都很高兴,就好像彩票中奖一样。故选C项。
    18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我失去的泪水变成了喜悦和感激的泪水,因为这张陌生的面孔所做出的惊人努力。A. appreciation感激;B. expectation期待;C. ignorance无知;D. loss损失。分析可知,空前的“tears”眼泪应是由于之前“失去”了戒指而流的眼泪,在找到戒指后,成为了后文提及的“tears of joy and thankfulness(喜悦和感激的泪水)”。故选D项。
    19.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我失去的泪水变成了喜悦和感激的泪水,因为这张陌生的面孔所做出的惊人努力。A. abnormal不正常的;B. fresh新鲜的;C. unfamiliar陌生的;不熟悉的;D. remote偏远的。分析可知,空后的“faces”应是指帮助作者的25个人的面庞,他们对于作者来说,是陌生人。故选C项。
    20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:正如玛丽安·威廉姆森所说,我们体验到的爱是善良、给予、宽恕、和平、欢乐和接纳。A. goes离开;去(从事某活动);B. creates创造;C. puts说;表达;D. expands延展。(just)as sb. puts it, “正如某人所说”。故选C项。
    【点睛】
    完型填空之词汇复现显神通
    在完型填空题中,作者在围绕一个话题描述时会出现词汇的复现,即:原词,同义词,近义词,同根词等的交互使用,从而使文章连贯而完整。把握词汇复现原则能够有效地解决一些题的答案选择。比如文章:
    Holidaymakers ___1___ the beach. Shouts and cheers filled my ears.
    1. A. arrived B. crowded C. deserted D. existed
    该题答案在后文“Shouts and cheers filled my ears.”存在近义词复现:filled,意为“充满”。故答案为B项。
    My tears of ___18___ turned into tears of joy and thankfulness for the amazing effort put forth by this 19 faces.
    19. A. abnormal B. fresh C. unfamiliar D. remote
    该题答案在前文“about 25 strangers in the area got down on their hands and knees to help my ___13__ self search for my ring.”存在同义词表达复现:strangers,意为“陌生人”。故答案为C项。

    (二)
    【答案】
    1-5.BADCA 6-10.BCADC 11-15.ABDAB 16-20.DCCDB
    【解析】
    这是一篇记叙文。作者从讲述圣诞节父母给自己的不同礼物,说到父母对自己伟大的、理智的爱让作者在成长的过程中越来越坚强。父亲教会他做决定的方法,母亲在他因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助,让他再一次拥有机会。
    1.考查副词词义辨析。句意:但是我的看法不同。A. positively乐观地;B. differently 不同地;C. naturally自然而然地;D. originally最初地。结合上文内容和本句but可知作者并不认为20美元是孩子不能花的巨额现金,故选B项。
    2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的父亲相信我有明智花钱的智慧。A. intelligence 智慧;B. passion热情;C. power权力;D. potential潜力。由本句的wisely判断此处用“智慧”符合语境,故选A项。
    3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:更好的是,他教我方法来获得它。A. courage勇气;B. suggestions建议;C. discipline纪律;D. means方法。根据下文的but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself,可知作者的父亲通过让作者自己选书的方法获得20美元,故此处用“方法”符合语境,且means是原词复现,故选D项。
    4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是他让我自己找乐子,相信我有管理钱的能力,并且让我感到自己像一个成人。A. spend花;B. carry 携带;C. manage管理;D. use使用。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者的父亲相信他可以管理好自己的钱,且前文的giving me charge over my own fun也有暗示,charge和manage是同义词复现,故选C项。
    5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. grown-up成人;B. teenager 青少年;C. adventurer冒险者;D. pioneer先驱。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者认为可以自己管理钱让他觉得自己长大了,故用“成人”符合语境,故选A项。
    6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我妈妈在送我东西方面有天赋,她总是在我恰好需要的时刻把东西送给我。A. habit习惯;B. gift天赋,礼物;C. approach途径;D. tradition传统。根据下文的at the moment I needed it most可推测作者的妈妈擅长送礼物,故此处用“有天赋”符合语境,have a gift for在某方面有天赋,故选B项。
    7.考查副词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. approximately 适当地;B. about大约;C. right恰好(表强调);D. slightly稍微地。结合下文的My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn't until___12___she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with ____13____.可知作者的妈妈在他最需要钱的时候给他送了钱,故此处用“恰好需要”符合语境,故选C项。
    8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那是我25岁的时候,我作为成人的第一次尝试失败了。A. failed失败;B. fooled愚弄;C. dropped下降;D. fell落下。根据下文的I had quitted my ___9___job but had no new one.可知作者辞去了工作,而且暂时没有新工作,故此处用“失败”符合语境,故选A项。
    9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我已经辞去我之前的工作,但是还没有新工作。A. important重要的;B. creative创造性的;C. challenging具有挑战的;D. previous从前的。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者辞掉了从前的工作,故选D项。
    10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是当妈妈来看我时,我上演了一出好戏,告诉她我已近启动了自己的公司。A. brought带来;B. suggested建议;C. paid支付,付出;D. gave给。此处考查短语pay a visit to sb拜访某人,故选C项。
    11.考查动词短语辨析。句意:同上。A. put on上演;B. put away方在一边,收好;C. put off推迟;D. put forward提出。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者骗妈妈说自己开了公司,故用“上演一出好戏”符合语境,故选A项。
    12.考查连词词意辨析。句意:直到她离开之后我才发现床脚下有个厚厚的装着现金的信封。A. before在……之前;B. after在……之后;C. when当;D. as当,随着,因为。结合上下文可知,作者的妈妈为了不让他感到尴尬,所以把装钱的信封藏在床脚下,因此推测作者是在妈妈走后才发现的,故选B项。
    13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. credit信用卡;B. loans贷款;C. receipts收据;D. cash现金。根据下文的The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me.可知作者的妈妈提供现金来帮助他,故此处用“现金”符合语境,且cash是原词复现,故选D项。
    14.考查副词词义辨析。句意:她知道我有多迫切地需要那些钱。A. desperately迫切地;B. hardly几乎不;C. eventually最后;D. accurately准确地。根据前文的I had quitted my ___9___job but had no new one.可知作者当时没有工作,所以推测他迫切需要钱,故选A项。
    15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她知道,如果她带着东西出现,或者主动为我交房租,她会让我感到更糟糕。A. attempted企图;B. offered主动提出;C. promised 承诺;D. refused拒绝。结合上下文可知,此处是作者假设妈妈主动给他交房租,会让他更难受,offer to do sth主动提出做某事,故选B项。
    16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. better更好的;B. more更多的;C. less更少的; D. worse更糟糕的。根据前文的I had quitted my ___9___job but had no new one.可知作者当时没有工作,故推测他心情不好,如果妈妈再帮他交房租,会让他更难受,故选D项。
    17.考查名词词义辨析。句意:有趣的是,她给礼物的距离感让我觉得她是在给我空间来修复我的生活和保持我的尊严。A. decoration装饰;B. love爱;C. distance距离;D. method方法。根据前文的The cold, hard cash可知作者认为现金是冰冷无感情的,故推测此处用“距离感”符合语境,故选C项。
    18.考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. defend防御;B. equip配备;C. fix修复;D. develop发展。结合上下文可知作者当时在工作上失败了,故推测妈妈用这样的方式来帮助他,让他觉得有空间调整自己,进而让自己的生活向着好的方向发展,故选C项。
    19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:一个教我自己做决定的方法,另一个在我因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助,让我再一次拥有机会。A. actions行为;B. opportunities机会;C. risks风险;D. decisions决定。根据前文的he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself可知在买书时父亲让作者自己决定买哪些书,故此处用“做决定”符合文意,且下文的when those decisions had cost me dearly也有暗示,故选D项。
    20.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. solution解决方案;B. chance机会;C. visit拜访; D. assistance协助。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者的妈妈给他提供帮助,让他有机会可以恢复,故选B项。
    【点睛】
    完成完形填空的技巧之一是利用复现原则,包括原词复现,同义词复现和反义词复现。以本篇为列:
    第3小题答案means和下文but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, 的means是原词复现;
    第4小题答案manage和前文giving me charge over my own fun中的charge是同义词复现;
    第13小题答案cash和下文The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me.中的cash是原词复现;
    第19小题答案decisions和下文when those decisions had cost me dearly中的decisions是原词复现。
    (三)
    【答案】1-5. BBACA 6-10. CA DCB 11-15. CCB AD 16-20. A BDDD
    【语篇解读】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过作者在5个暑假作为水管工父亲的助手,每天穿着大而厚的牛仔裤修理管道,认为世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。人们房屋的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。如果学会处理工作中的混乱,也能处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾,生活就是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。
    1. 考查名词辨析。句意:很少有17岁的女孩知道如何将铜管焊接......。这些都是作为我父亲的水管工助手时我学到的技能。A. manners方式;B. skills技能,技巧;C. facts事实;D. rules规则。根据语境可知,这些东西是她在工作中学到的技能(skills)。故选B。
    2. 考查名词辨析及语境。句意:这些都是我作为我父亲的水管工助手学到的技能。A. brother兄弟;B. dad爸爸;C. teacher老师;D. friend朋友。根据后面的my dad and I carry___8___toolboxes可知,此处是指作为爸爸(dad)的助手。故选B。
    3. 考查名词辨析。句意:我的暑期工作是应付不断出现的身体和心理中的各种混乱。A. messes杂乱,麻烦,混乱;B. customers顾客;C. noises噪声;D. exercises经历。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知,作者不喜欢工作中的混乱及麻烦。后文多处出现“messy”、“mess”的提示。如“I often get ___9___in messy storage boxes”以及“As I learn to sort out the mess, I also learn to handle the___17___and contradictions in my adolescence.” 经常处理找工具的麻烦当我学会如何处理混乱时,我也学会了如何处理青春期的矛盾,可知在暑期中要应付许多混乱(messes)。故选A。
    4. 考查动词辨析。句意:而这项工作要求毅力和耐心的态度。A. offers主动提供;B. develops开发,发展;C. demands要求;D. lacks缺乏。根据下文作者每天的工作情况可知,这是工作方面的要求(demands),故选C。
    5. 考查动词辨析。句意:每天早上,我都会努力穿上大而厚的男式牛仔裤。A. wrestle努力处理,费力对付;B. lower恶劣;C. squeeze挤压;D. hide躲藏。 根据后面的“large-thick men”以及“许多女孩都不愿意穿” 可知,作为一个女孩我也不想穿上这样的衣服,要努力(wrestle)(即与自己心理斗争)让自己穿上这种衣服。故选A。
    6. 考查动词辨析。句意:这种牛仔是大多数女孩都会拒绝穿的。A. need需要;B. expect期待;C. refuse拒绝;D. choose选择。这是“大而厚的男式牛仔裤”的工作服,作为女孩是不会穿的,因此要用拒绝(refuse),故选C。
    7. 考查名词辨析。句意:当我的同学们开始轮班照看孩子,或者卖杂货时,我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱,在黑暗的地下室里工作。A. shifts班次;B. studies学习,研究;C. meetings会议,会见;D. travels旅行。根据常识可知,工作时还要休息的,所以工作是轮班(shifts)照看孩子的。故选A。
    8. 考查形容词辨析。句意:我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱,在黑暗的地下室里工作。A. fancy太花哨的,精致的;B. small小的;C. expensive昂贵的;D. heavy重的。根据作者工作的工种可知,做这种工种,他们的工具箱是很重的(heavy)。故选D。
    9. 考查形容词辨析。句意:我经常迷失在凌乱的储物箱里找水表。A. injured受伤的;B. absorbed吸收的;C. lost迷路的,迷失的;D. interested感兴趣的。根据后一句“Nothing around is beautiful or tidy.”可知,常在混乱的环境中找这样的物品,会让迷乱(lost)。故选C。
    10. 考查动词辨析。句意:当我在空调房里做暑假作业时,有时我想知道为什么我会忍受那些灰尘和流那么多的汗水。A. know知道;B. question问(问题),质问;C. imagine想像;D. remember记得。根据后面的“why I stand the dust and sweat ...”可知,这些都是问题,所以是问 (question)。故选B。
    11. 考查动词辨析。句意: 但正如我讨厌水管的混乱一样。我看不起自己,因为我很容易被混乱所困扰。A. see看见;B. clean清理;C. hate痛恨,讨厌;D. create创造。根据后一句“我看不起自己”可知,讨厌(hate)水管中的混乱。故选C。
    12. 考查副词短语辨析。句意:毕竟,世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A. Or rather确切地说;B. At least至少;C. After all毕竟;D. In addition另外,而且。根据语境可知,此处是对前面内容的解释,即“毕竟(after all)。故选C。
    13. 考查形容词辨析。句意:世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A. full充满的;B. dirty脏的;C. firm强有力的;D. free免费的。根据常识工人工作时会把手弄脏的(dirty)。故选B。
    14. 考查动词辨析。句意:五个这样的夏天教会了我:人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A. taught教;B. promised承诺;C. advised劝告;D. guaranteed保证。根据下文的内容可知,这是作者从五个这样的夏天经历得到的经验,即就是“五个这样的夏天经历教会(taught)了我”。故选A。
    15. 考查动词辨析。句意:五个这样的夏天教会了我,人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A. examine检测;B. divide划分;C. reduce减少;D. reflect反映,显示。根据语境可知,此处是指家里的脏乱反映(reflect)了生活中的脏乱。故选D。
    16. 考查动词短语辨析。句意:在我学会处理混乱的同时,我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A. sort out解决(问题),整理;B. care about关心;C. hunt for寻找;D. give up放弃。根据下文“also learn to handle the___17___”中的“handle(处理问题)”是A项中的sort out解决(问题)同义词。故选A。
    17. 考查名词辨析。句意:在我学会处理混乱的同时,我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A. arrangements安排;B. uncertainties不确定性;C. competitions竞争;D. expectations期望。根据“the___17___and contradictions”中的and,可知,本空与contradiction(矛盾)并列关系的只有B项的 uncertainties(不确定性)符合。故选B。
    18. 考查名词辨析。句意:生活是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。A. failure失败;B. help帮助;C. change变化,改变;D. chaos混乱。文中反复强调生活中有各种的“mess(混乱)”,可知D项(chaos)就是它的同义词。故选D。
    19. 考查名词辨析。句意:当顾客表达感激之情时,我明白了,在很小的程度上,我们让他们的生活有秩序。A. sympathy同情;B. suspicion怀疑;C. disapproval反对;D. appreciation欣赏,感激。根据文章可知,作者认为管道工人帮助他人修理管道,让人们的生活有条理,那么顾客就会感激(appreciation)。故选D。
    20. 考查名词辨析。句意:当顾客表达感激之情时,我明白了,在很小的程度上,我们让他们的生活有秩序。A. peace和平;B. success 成功;C. wonder奇迹;D. order秩序。根据上下文的语境可知,人们学会和处理工作和生活中的混乱,让生活有秩序(order)。故选D。
    (四)
    【语篇解读】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。通过除杂草这件事情,影射生活中会遇到像杂草一样难处理的挑战和困难。
    1. B 考查动词短语。根据下文中“ get it out”可知,此处指爷爷像我展示怎样才能把 这种讨厌人的草挖出来。
    2. D 考查形容词。根据前文的“annoying weed ”可知,此处指这些草是可恶的。
    3. A 考查动词。根据下文中的“they spread”可知,此处指如果你不把它们连根拔掉,它们会蔓延。
    4. D 考查名词。参见上一题解析。
    5. B 考查形容词。根据下文“which would also spread wildly.”可知,我必须得处 理的草与Bermuda 草很相似。
    6. D 考查动词。根据句意,此处指把屋里边收拾妥当。
    7. A 考查副词。根据句意,此处指我手脚并用精力充沛地拿把小铲子向杂草进攻。
    8. B 考查形容词。根据上下文,此处指拔草除根。
    9. D 考查形容词。根据下文的转折连词but可知,这个春天我发现我拔过的草很少 见了。
    10. A 考查名词。但是另外一种草大量出现。“in full force”,意为大量的,数量大的。
    11. C 考查动词。根据上下文此处指我俯身开始工作把这些草从院子中除掉。
    12. C 考查形容词。根据上下文,此处指当我干完活的时候,院子好多啦。
    13. D 考查形容词。根据上文“challenges, setbacks”作者把院子中的杂草比作人生 中的负面信念。
    14. B 考查形容词。根据常识可知,人生中的如杂草般的挑战或逆境无穷尽。
    15. B 考查名词。根据下文“ to get to the root of it and remove them ”可知,此处指的是应对杂草的解决方法。
    16. A 考查名词。根据上文,“Sometimes our life can be so similar. We all have weeds in our life. ”,可知,作者用类比手法,此处指人生中的杂草。。
    17. C 考查动词。作者成功除去院子中杂草“my yard was better off”可知,最终,如人生中的杂草我们最终会征服这一局。
    18. A 考查动词短语。根据上文“ but another one was in full force”此处指,当另一种杂草出现时。
    19. C 考查连词。趁着它们还没蔓延直接把它们处理掉。
    20. C 考查名词。所以当下一次一个难题出现的时候,因为你已经知道怎样去把它们斩草除根处理掉,这会给你勇气与智慧。




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