2024株洲二中高一上学期第一次适应性检测英语试题含解析

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株洲市第二中学2023-2024学年度高一第一学期第一次适应性检测
英语试题卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the two speakers leave if they get cheaper tickets?
A. On Thursday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Friday.
2. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Passenger and driver.
C. Salesgirl and customer.
3. What does the man imply?
A. He got help from the woman. B. He needed more time to study.
C. He worked hard for his composition.
4. What will the woman do in the morning?
A. See Lisa off. B. Go to the zoo. C. Deal with an e-mail.
5. Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A. In a bus. B. In an office. C. In a phone box.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where will the man have his dinner?
A. At Golden Pond Restaurant.
B. At Black Forest Restaurant.
C. At Moon River Restaurant.
7. What do we know about the man?
A. He wants to eat beef.
B. He likes to have dinner late,
C. He prefers to wear a jacket and tie.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How does the man feel about the delay of his flight?
A. Calm. B. Glad. C. Angry.
9. Which is the right boarding gate for the man?
A. Gate 5 B. Gate 20 C. Gate 38.
10. When will the plane probably take off?
A. At 3:30 p. m. B. At 3:40 p. m. C. At 3:50 p. m.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?
A. Eco-tours. B. Popular sports. C. Famous countries.
12. Which activity in the USA is introduced in the dialogue?
A. Mountain climbing. B. River rafting. C. Bird watching.
13. How many countries are mentioned in the dialogue?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does the man ask the woman for help?
A. He has to read a report. B. He has to write a report.
C. He has to wait for a call.
15. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Buy some food. B. Make tomato soup. C. Bring back the cafe.
16. Which of the following is suggested by the woman?
A. A pie. B. A salad. C. A sandwich.
17. What does the woman think of the man?
A. Lazy. B. Hungry. C. Curious.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which students are invited to join the camp?
A. Students of Grade 1 to Grade 3.
B. Students of Grade 3 to Grade 7.
C. Students of Grade 3 to Grade 5.
19. How long will the music camp last?
A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Three weeks.
20. What can’t students do in the camp?
A. Enjoy concerts every night.
B. Experience different music.
C. Watch music videos of top artists.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Phillip Island Penguins
The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations. Get to Phillip Island in plenty of time to watch a summer sunset at Summerland Beach－the stage is attractively set to see the Little Penguin leave water and step onto land.
·Leave Melbourne at 5:30 pm. for a direct journey to Phillip Island
·See the Gippsland area－Guinness Book of Records place for the world’s longest earthworm
·Journey along the coastal highway around the Bay with French Island and Churchill Island in the distance
·Cross the bridge at San Remo to enter Phillip Island－natural home for Little Penguins and many animals
·Take your place in special viewing stands to watch the daily evening performance of the wild Little penguins
Ultimate Penguins (+U)
Join a group of up to 15. This guided tour goes to an attractive, quiet beach to see Little Penguins. You can see penguins at night by wearing a special pair of glasses.
Adult $ 60.00 Child $ 30.00
Viewing Platform Penguin Plus (+V)
More personalized wildlife viewing limited to 130 people providing closer viewing of the penguin arrival than the main viewing stands.
Adult $ 25.00 Child $ 12.50
Penguin Skybox (+S)
Join a group of only 5 in the comfort of a special, higher-up viewing tower. Gain an excellent overview of Summerland Beach.
Adult 16 yrs + $ 50.00
1. What kind of people is the text mainly written for?
A. Scientists. B. Students.
C. Tourists. D. Artists.
2. What can we learn from the text about Little Penguins?
A. They have been on Phillip Island for years.
B. They keep a Guinness record for their size.
C. They are trained to practice diving for visitors.
D. They live in large groups to protect themselves.
3. How much would a couple with one child pay for a closer viewing tour?
A. $ 37.50. B. $ 62.50.
C. $ 180.00. D. $ 150.00.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为应用文，文章介绍了飞利浦岛企鹅以及旅游的行程，价格。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。文章大部分讨论的景点的介绍及旅游的行程，显然是针对游客的，故选C
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第一句话The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations.可知，企鹅在这座岛上已经好几代了，故选A
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二部分Adult $ 25.00 Child $ 12.50，可计算得知 25+25+12.5=62.5 故选B
B
The way we do things round here
Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started, "Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us." That "quite" saddened me. I thought he was saying "we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else." Then I discovered that in American English "quite" sometimes means "very", while in British English it means "fairly".
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）．
Some of these differences may be only on the surface-dress, food and hours of work-while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate（气候），while getting on with business.
Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality（准时）．If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word "late" because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.
4. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought______．
A. the American bank didn't think much of him
B. the American bank might hire another person
C. it's difficult to get used to American culture
D. it's easy to misunderstand Americans
5. The word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 probably means_____.
A. encourages B. helps to narrow
C. increases D. draws attention to
6. According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences?
A. Ask the native people for help.
B. Understand and accept them.
C. Do things in our own way.
D. Do in-depth research.
7. When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are______.
A. Italians B. Germans C. Greeks D. the British
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】试这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历体会到的各国在文化、语言方面的差异，告诉我们一个道理：了解文化差异并且适应和接受文化的差异。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“That "quite" saddened me. I thought he was saying "we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else." Then I discovered that in American English "quite" sometimes means "very", while in British English it means "fairly".”可知，我相当的（quite）高兴你决定加入我们（银行）。”他用的这个“相当的”字眼让我感到难过。我觉得他好像在说：“我们有些高兴你决定加入我们，虽然我的希望是我们雇用了另外一个人。”后来我发现，在美式英文里“相当”的意思是“非常”，而在英式英文中，“相当”只是说“还可以”，作者对于“quite”一词的理解偏差导致了作者心情不愉快。因为作者认为这家美国银行并没有器重他。故选 A。
【5题详解】
猜测词义题。由文章第二段“So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. ”可知，所以我对在别的国家工作所学到的第一课就是语言。我的意思我不只是把别人所说的来做解释。而是要注意人的肢体语言、服装、态度、以及观念等等。所以人们做事的方式强调了我们在不同文化之间看到的许多差异。highlight 本意“强调”，此处表示“注意”。故选 D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段信息句 “Mostly， is just a question of getting used to the differences and it accepting them，like the climate，while getting on with business.”可知，适应文化差异就像在外出差适应当地的气候一样，学会适应和接受。故本题选 B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段信息句 “If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany .”可知，在德国，如果你邀请别人7点参加聚会，你的客人会认为准时到场是礼貌的。所以德国人是准时的人。故选 B。
C
Odland remembers like it was yesterday working in an expensive French restaurant in Denver. The ice cream he was serving fell onto the white dress of a rich and important woman.
Thirty years have passed, but Odland can not get the memory out of his mind, nor the woman’s kind reaction. She was shocked, regained calmness and, in a kind voice, told the young Odland. “It is OK. It wasn’t your fault.” When she left the restaurant, she also left the future Fortune 500 CEO with a life lesson: You can tell a lot about a person by the way he or she treats the waiter.
Odland isn’t the only CEO to have made this discovery. Instead, it seems to be one of those few laws of the land that every CEO learns on the way up. It’s hard to get a dozen CEOs to agree about anything, but most agree with the Waiter Rule. They say how others treat the CEO says nothing. But how others treat the waiter is like a window into the soul.
Watch out for anyone who pulls out the power card to say something like, “I could buy this place and fire you,” or “I know the owner and I could have you fired.” Those who say such things have shown more about their character than about their wealth and power.
The CEO who came up with it, or at least first wrote it down, is Raytheon CEO Bill Swanson. He wrote a best-selling book called Swanson’s Unwritten Rules of Management. “A person who is nice to you but rude to the waiter, or to others, is not a nice person,” Swanson says. “I will never offer a job to the person who is sweet to the boss but turns rude to someone cleaning the tables.”
8. What happened after Odland dropped the ice cream onto the woman’s dress?
A. He was fired.
B. He was blamed.
C. The woman comforted him.
D. The woman left the restaurant at once.
9. Odland learned one of his life lessons from .
A. his experience as a waiter
B. the advice given by the CEOs
C. an article in Fortune
D. an interesting best-selling book
10. According to the text, most CEOs have the same opinion about ________.
A. Fortune 500 companies B. the Management Rules
C. Swanson’s book D. the Waiter Rule
11. From the text we can learn that ________.
A. one should be nicer to important people
B. CEOs often show their power before others
C. one should respect others no matter who they are
D. CEOs often have meals in expensive restaurants
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文一篇记叙文。作者通过介绍Odland在做服务员时，不小心把冰激凌掉到了一位女士的身上，但这位女士并没有责备他，反而安慰他说没关系。由此，作者有了感慨：无论对方是什么人，我们都应该尊敬对方。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She was shocked, regained calmness and, in a kind voice, told the young Odland. “It is OK. It wasn’t your fault.”(她震惊了，恢复了平静，用和蔼的声音告诉了年轻的奥德兰。“没关系。不是你的错。”)”可知，在奥德兰把冰激凌扔到这位女士的衣服上之后，这位女士没有责备他，反而还安慰了他。故C正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“When she left the restaurant, she also left the future Fortune 500 CEO with a life lesson: You can tell a lot about a person by the way he or she treats the waiter.(当她离开这家餐厅时，她也给这位未来的财富500强CEO留下了人生的一课：从一个人对待服务员的方式，你可以了解他/她很多事情) ”可知，Odland从他做服务员的经历中学会了这个教训。故A正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句“It’s hard to get a dozen CEOs to agree about anything, but most agree with the Waiter Rule.(让一个CEO同意某件事情是很困难的，但是大部分的CEO都赞成the Waiter Rule)”可知，根据这篇文章，大多数CEO对the Waiter Rule有相同的看法。故D正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。作者通过介绍Odland在做服务员时，不小心把冰激凌掉到了一位女士的身上，但这位女士并没有责备他，反而安慰他说没关系。由此，作者有了感慨：无论对方是什么人，我们都应该尊敬对方。故C正确。


D
As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping (录像) the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is.”
The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are it’s the middle child.” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event.”
12. The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to _________.
A. show the relationship between parents and children
B. teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table
C. report on the findings of a study
D. give information about family problems
13. Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because _________.
A. they are busy serving food to their children
B. they are busy keeping order at the dinner table
C. they have to pay more attention to younger children
D. they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family
14. By saying “Middle children are invisible” in paragraph 3, Lewis means that middle children _________.
A. have to help their parents to serve dinner
B. get the least attention from the family
C. are often kept away from the dinner table
D. find it hard to keep up with other children
15. Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
A. It is important to have the right food for children.
B. It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner.
C. Parents should talk to each of their children frequently.
D. Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】试题分析：本文是一则研究报告，通过对餐桌时间对话的研究发现吃饭时候的交流对孩子有很大的影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.可知Michael Lewis和他的同事对餐桌时的家庭对话进行了研究，后面两段中对这次的研究结果进行了说明。因此文章的目的是报道一项研究结果。故C项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents' efforts to control the loud noise they make.可知孩子多的家庭在吃饭的时候，父母亲要忙于管理秩序，和孩子们之间的对话就少了很多。故B正确。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention.可知在多个孩子的家庭里，第一个孩子和最后一个孩子经常会得到最多的关注，而中间的孩子经常被忽视。故B项正确。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段后两句“In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is.”可知父母亲和孩子交流越多 ，孩子的智商更高。那么父母亲应该和孩子做更多的交流。故C项正确。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Money Matters
Parents should help their children understand money. ___16___. So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.
● The basic function of money
Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员).___17___. When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.
● Money lessons
Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. ___18___. If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”
● ___19___
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product—a kind of name-brand butter and a generic (无商标消费品),for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. ___20___. If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.
A. Wise decisions
B. The value of money
C. Permit the child to choose between them
D. Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things
E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you
F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store
G. The best time to teach a child something about money is when he shows an interest
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了家长如何帮助孩子们理解有关金钱的问题。并从三方面提供了解决问题的方法：解释钱的基本功能、教会孩子理性花钱和做出明智的选择。
【16题详解】
根据下文“So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example. (因此，当你的孩子对买东西、糖果或玩具表现出兴趣时，你可能会开始谈论金钱)”可知，空格处和下文应该是因果关系，且下文的“when your child shows an interest in buying things”是对此处信息的复现。G项“The best time to teach a child something about money is when he shows an interest. (教孩子一些关于金钱的知识的最佳时机是当他表现出兴趣的时候)”符合语境。故选G项。
【17题详解】
空格处内容应该与上一句“If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员). (如果他想要玩具，就把钱给他，让他把钱交给收银员)”有关，都是关于买玩具的事情。F项“Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. (谈谈你离开玩具店后，钱是怎么买的)”与本段小标题“The basic function of money (货币的基本功能)”是非常吻合的。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据后文的两个假设，即两个if引导的从句来看，此处应是对后文意义的概括，即告诉孩子为什么能或者不能买某些东西。D项“Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things. (告诉你的孩子为什么他可以或不能拥有某些东西)”符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
此处是小标题。根据下文“Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product—a kind of name-brand butter and a generic (无商标消费品),for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money.( 从杂货店开始。挑选两种类似品牌的产品，例如一种名牌黄油和一种仿制品。你可以向孩子展示如何在不同品牌的产品之间做出选择，这样你就可以省钱)”可知，这一段主要讲的是家长在商店如何帮助孩子做出明智的选择。根据各选项的句式不难看出答案应该在A、B两项中选择，再根据两项中的关键词decisions和value可知，A项“Wise decisions (明智的决定)”最能概括本段主旨。故选A项。
20题详解】
根据下文“If he chooses the cheaper brand(如果他选择了更便宜的品牌)”可知，此处应说明允许孩子在不同的品牌之间做出选择。C项“Permit the child to choose between them. (允许孩子在两者之间做出选择)”符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 1973, I was teaching in an elementary school. Each day, 27 kids ____21____ “The Thinking Laboratory”. That was the ____22____ students voted (投票) for after deciding that “Room 104” was too ____23____.
Freddy was an average ____24____, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). He would ____25____ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s unhappiness.
Before the school year ____26____, I gave the kids a special ____27____, T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your ____28____” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词) may seem dull, most of the ____29____ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide information on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his _____30_____ from high school and remained the same _____31_____ person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man _____32_____ in his truck. Another time, he lent a friend money to buy a house.
Just last year, I was conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman excused the interruption and handed me an envelope (信封). I stopped teaching and _____33_____ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a _____34_____ from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all _____35_____ something from Freddy.
21. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran
22. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan
23. A. small B. dark C. strange D. boring
24. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker
25. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh
26. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended
27. A. lesson B. gift C. report D. message
28. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks
29. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever
30. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation
31. A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart
32. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live
33. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held
34. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary
35. A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的27名学生曾把教室命名为“思维实验室”，其中一名叫Freddy的学生令作者印象深刻，因为他有一种罕见的幽默感和同情心的平衡，后来Freddy毕业了，依旧在关心他人，虽然最终他不幸离世，但是他却给身边的人留下了美好的东西。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，27个孩子进入“思维实验室”。A. built建造；B. entered进入；C. decorated装饰；D. ran跑。根据上文“In 1973, I was teaching in an elementary school.”可知，作者此时在小学教书，因此此处是指学生是每天进入“思维实验室”来上学。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是学生们投票选出的名字，因为他们认为“104室”太无聊了。A. name名字；B. rule规则；C. brand品牌；D. plan计划。根据上文“The Thinking Laboratory”和下文“Room 104”可推知，学生们把教室的名字从“104室”改为了“思维实验室”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是学生们投票选出的名字，因为他们认为“104室”太无聊了。A. small小的；B. dark黑暗的；C. strange奇怪的；D. boring无聊的。根据上文“The Thinking Laboratory”和下文“Room 104”可推知，学生们想把教室叫作“思维实验室”而不是“104室”，很可能是因为“104室”是千篇一律的编号方式，很无聊。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Freddy是个普通的学生，但不是普通人。A. scholar学者；B. student学生；C. citizen公民；D. worker工人。根据下文“In 1973, I was teaching in an elementary school.”可知，作者此时在小学教书，Freddy应该是他的一个学生。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会因开心而笑得最大声，也会因为别人不开心而伤心。A. speak讲话；B. sing唱歌；C. question质问；D. laugh笑。根据上文“He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情).”和下文“the loudest over fun”可知，Freddy可以把幽默感和同情心平衡得很好，因此会因为开心而笑得最大声。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学年结束之前，我给了孩子们一份特别的礼物——印着“动词是你的朋友”的T恤。A. changed改变；B. approached靠近；C. returned返回；D. ended结束。根据下文“Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide information on old classmates.”可知，作者后来遇到过一些以前的学生，由此推知，此时应该是学年结束之前。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学年结束之前，我给了孩子们一份特别的礼物——印着“动词是你的朋友”的T恤。A. lesson课程；B. gift礼物；C. report报告；D. message消息。根据下文“T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your ____8____” on them”可知，作者把T恤送给这些学生，当作特别的礼物。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学年结束之前，我给了孩子们一份特别的礼物——印着“动词是你的朋友”的T恤。A. Friends朋友；B. Awards奖项；C. Masters硕士；D. Tasks任务。根据下文“most of the ____9____ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs”可知，作者告诉自己的学生，他们做的大多数事情都将是动词，因此T恤上的话应该是“动词是你的朋友”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾建议孩子们，虽然动词可能看起来很枯燥，但他们一生中做的大多数有趣的事情都将是动词。A. simple简单的；B. unique独特的；C. fun有趣的；D. clever聪明的。根据上文“while verbs (动词) may seem dull”可知，前面是一个让步状语从句，此处应用fun“有趣的”和dull“枯燥的”形成对比。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我了解到Freddy高中毕业后做了好几份工作，但他仍然是我40年前遇到的那个关心他人的人。A. graduation毕业；B. retirement退休；C. separation分离；D. resignation辞职。根据上文“Freddy did several jobs”和下文“from high school”可推知，Freddy应该是高中毕业后做了好几份工作。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我了解到Freddy高中毕业后做了好几份工作，但他仍然是我40年前遇到的那个关心他人的人。A. daring大胆的；B. modest谦虚的；C. caring关心他人的；D. smart聪明的。根据下文“Another time, he lent a friend money to buy a house.”可知，Freddy借钱给朋友买房子，因此他还是那个关心他人的人。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，他在一家商店通宵工作，让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里。A. wait等待；B. sleep睡觉；C. study学习；D. live居住。根据上文“He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). ”和“while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man”可知，Freddy在商店通宵工作，富有同情心的他让无家可归的人在他的卡车里睡觉过夜。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我停止了教学，把它打开了。A. opened打开；B. packed包装；C. gave给予；D. held举行。根据上文“an envelope”和下文“Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a ____14____ from Freddy’s mother.”可知，作者看到了信封里的东西，因此是把它打开了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：里面是“动词”衬衫和Freddy母亲的一张纸条。A. picture图片；B. bill账单；C. note便签；D. diary日记。根据下文“Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”可推知，这是Freddy的母亲写在便签上的简短的话。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Freddy从我们身边被夺走了，但我们都从Freddy身上拿到了一些东西。A. chose选择；B. took拿，取；C. expected预计；D. borrowed借用。根据上文Freddy能很好地平衡幽默感和同情心，一直是个关心他人的人，以及“Although Freddy was taken from us”可推知，took“拿，取”符合语境，和前面的taken呼应，表示大家也从Freddy身上得到了一些美好的东西。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term ___36___(rest). Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as ___37___ model (模特) in New York.
Sarah ___38___(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning (挣) a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, ___39___ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ___40___(show) that she has brains as well as beauty. She decides to carry on with her ___41___(educate).
She has turned down many ___42___(opportunity) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree ___43___ engineering or architecture (建筑学).
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school ___44___(come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is ____45____(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”
【答案】36. resting
37. a 38. has been told##was told
39. who 40. to show
41. education
42. opportunities
43. in 44. comes
45. certainly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功。虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要先完成学业。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但与她的学校朋友不同的是，16岁的Sarah并没有在期中假休息。根据“spending half-term”可知，此处用固定短语spend time (in) doing sth.，意为“花时间做某事”，因此空处应用rest的动名词形式。故填resting。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约做模特，一天挣6500美元。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一名”，应用不定冠词，且model的发音以辅音音素开头，因此应用a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：Sarah（已经）被告知，她可以在新的一年里成为英国新的超级名模，收入100万美元。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语，tell“告诉，告知”和主语Sarah之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，此处可用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响，或理解为发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，且主语Sarah为单数，助动词应用has或was。故填has been told/was told。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：不过，和顶级模特一起参加过秀的Sarah想要展示的是，她不仅美丽，而且聪明。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Sarah作补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：不过，和顶级模特一起参加过秀的Sarah想要展示的是，她不仅美丽，而且聪明。根据“wants”可推知，此处用固定短语want to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”，因此空处应用show的不定式形式。故填to show。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：她决定继续她的学业。分析句子可知，空处被形容词性物主代词her修饰，作carry on with的宾语，因此应用educate的名词形式education，意为“教育，学业”，是不可数名词。故填education。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：为了专心学习，她拒绝了很多走秀的机会。分析句子可知，空处作turned down的宾语，结合空前的many可知，opportunity应用复数形式。故填opportunities。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：毕业后，她计划休学一年全职当模特，然后上大学攻读工程学或建筑学位。根据空前“a degree”和空后的“engineering or architecture (建筑学)”可知，degree后应用介词in，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但目前，学校是第一位的。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处为Sarah谈自己对做全职模特和继续学业之间如何选择的想法，使用的是一般现在时，空处也是在讨论当前阶段的情况，时态宜保持一致，也使用一般现在时，且主语school为单数，come应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这无疑很有趣，但生活方式有点不真实。分析句子可知，空处是修饰整个句子的状语，因此应用certain的副词形式certainly，意为“无疑，确定”。故填certainly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文学”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给你的美国老师Smith先生写信约稿。要点如下：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件内容；
3. 稿件长度：约400词；
4. 交稿日期：4月15日前。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing to ask you to write an article for our School English Newspaper.
The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper enjoys great popularity among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Your writing about the local culture will be highly appreciated. And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend holidays and festivals, and the life of American students. You can cover anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before April 15th?
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇考查的作文类型是约稿信。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
   总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件内容；
3. 稿件长度：约400词；
4. 交稿日期：4月15日前。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
so long as ；look forward to
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m writing to ask you to write an article for our School English Newspaper.
2. The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper enjoys great popularity among us students.
3. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.
4. Your writing about the local culture will be highly appreciated.
5. And we would especially welcome articlesabout how Americans spend holidays and festivals, and the life of American students.
6. You can cover anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.
7. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before April 15th?
8. Looking forward to your reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
点睛】[高分句型1]
So I am writing this letter to invite you to contribute an article to this column. 所以我写这封信是为了邀请你为这个专栏写一篇文章。contribute sth to this sth为某事贡献某物。
[高分句型2]
It couldn’t be better if you could attach some vivid pictures to your article. 如果你能在你的文章上附上一些生动的图片，那就再好不过了。It can’t/couldn’t be better……再好不过了。
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
School uniforms (校服) are becoming more and more popular in the USA. It is not surprising, because they offer many benefits. They immediately stop the powerful social sorting and labeling (标记) that result from clothing. When every student in the school wears the uniform, nobody has to worry about fashion (时尚) and some of them will not be laughed at for wearing the “wrong” clothes.
A number of people disagree with the rule of school uniforms, but they do not realize that students have already accepted it. Because they want to look just like their friends. The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers (隔阂). Now school uniforms tear those barriers down.
As in other places, people can keep their purposes and duties in mind by wearing uniforms. For example, when a man wears a police uniform, he becomes the symbol (象征) of law and order. The uniform reminds the wearer of his special duties and sends the same message to everyone the wearer meets. For students, the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours in school is to get education. By wearing the school uniforms, the students could feel that they are part of a particular group as well.
Some parents are unhappy about uniforms. They believe that school uniforms will influence students’ “creativity” . First of all, the clothes that students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality (个性). They just copy their classmates. Then, students can live a creative life in the rest of the day. When they are in school, their task is to master the knowledge they are supposed to learn. Mastery of these knowledge will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】School uniforms prevail throughout the U.S.A. as they benefit students a lot. While some people are supposed to them, school uniforms satisfy students’ desire to dress like their classmates, which can end social barriers. Uniforms are a symbol of duty, and school uniforms remind students to focus on their schoolwork. Some parents think uniforms will damage children’s creativity, but real creativity is based on their mastery of knowledge.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了穿校服有很多好处，这使得校服在全美风靡。尽管很多家长不同意穿校服，但是学生已经接受了校服。而制服也是责任的一种象征，校服可以提醒学生专注学习。有家长认为穿校服限制了学生的创造力，但创造力的前提是对知识的掌握。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①School uniforms (校服) are becoming more and more popular in the USA. It is not surprising because they offer many benefits.
②A number of people disagree with the rule of school uniforms, but they do not realize that students have already accepted it. Because they want to look just like their friends. The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers (隔阂).
③As in other places, people can keep their purposes and duties in mind by wearing uniforms.
④For students, the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours in school is to get education.
⑤.Some parents are unhappy about uniforms. They believe that school uniforms will influence students’ “creativity” .
⑥Mastery of these knowledge will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.
2.缜密构思将要点①和要点②进行简化，将要点③和④、要点⑤和⑥进行整合。
3.遣词造句
School uniforms benefit students a lot, so they prevail throughout the U.S.A.
Some people don’t like uniforms but students are in favor of uniforms for some reasons.
Uniforms is a reminder of responsibilities and school uniforms help to remind students that receiving education is their major task.
Some parents blame kids’ being less creative on wearing uniforms, but the fact is that the knowledge that they have mastered builds up their creativity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】While some people are supposed to them, school uniforms satisfy students’ desire to dress like their classmates, which can end social barriers.运用了让步状语从句和非限制性定语从句概括了第二段的内容。
【高分句型2】Uniforms are a symbol of duty, and school uniforms remind students to focus on their schoolwork.运用了并列句和非谓语动词概括了第三段的内容。