初中英语2024届中考复习短语和句型详细讲解（字母B开头）

中考英语短语句型详解1.be able to* v.能;会[用]后接动词原形。[辨]be able to:表示经过努力而成功做成某事,可用于多种时态。can:表示本身具备的能力,只用于现在时和过去时中。[例]Finish your homework first, then you'll be able to watch TV for an hour.先做完作业,然后你能看1个小时电视。2.be about to v.即将;将要[用]常与一般将来时连用。[例] We are about to leave.我们即将离开。[例]I am not about to give up; l have to work harder.我不打算放弃;我得更加努力。3.be afraid of*    v.害怕[辨]be afraid of:后接名词或代词,表示“害怕某人或某物”;后接动词-ing 形式,表示“害怕或担心某种情况发生”。be afraid to do:表示害怕做某事,指内心恐惧。[例]Are you afraid of the dark? 你怕黑吗?(山西)[例]I am afraid of getting fat.我害怕会长胖。4.be afraid to do*  v.害怕去做;不敢去做[例]:Don't be afraid to ask for help if you need it.如果需要帮助，尽管提出来。[例]Don't be afraid to make mistakes when you speak English.说英语时,不要害怕出错。5.be against v.反对[用]后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。反be for 支持[例]:Everyone will be against us.所有人都会反对我们的。[例]l am against all forms of hunting.我反对任何形式的捕猎。6.be allowed to do v.被允许做[反]be not allowed to do不被允许做联allow sb to do 允许某人做[例]:Sixteen-year-olds shouldn't be allowed to drive in China.在中国不允许16岁的青少年驾驶。(四川遂宁)7.be angry* v.生气[辨]be angry about [at]:表示“对某事生气”,后跟表示事情的词。be angry with:表示“生……的气”,后跟表示人的词。例:Father is angry at what I said.父亲对我说的话感到生气。[例]Don't be angry with her. She is only five.别跟她生气,她才5岁而已。8.be asleep   v.睡着[反]be awake 醒着的联half asleep 半睡半醒[例]:She closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.她闭上眼睛,假装睡着了。9.be away* v.离开[用]用于完成时,常和表示一段时间的词连用;be away from 表示离开某地。[例]He has been away from Luzhou for three months.他已经离开泸州3个月了。(四川泸州)[例]He has been away from his hometown for a long time.他离开家乡好长一段时间了。10.be bad for*     v.对..…有害(的)[反]be good for 对……有帮助的;对……有好处[例]:Smoking is bad for your health.吸烟有害身体健康。(湖南永州)[例]:Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.躺着读书有损视力健康。11.be born*  v.出生于[辨]be born in:后接地点、年份或月份表示“出生于某地、某年或某月”。be born on:后接具体的日期表示“出生于哪一天”。例:The twins were born in London.这对双胞胎出生在伦敦。例1 was born on a cold winter day.我出生在一个寒冷的冬天。12.be busy with [( in ) doing]* v.忙于(做)......[用]在be busy (in) doing 中,介词 in 可省略。[例]l am busy doing my homework.我正忙着做作业。(山东滨州)[例]:The farmers are busy (in) getting ready for the harvest.农民们正忙着为农作物的收割做准备。13.be careful*    v.当心;小心[用]可单独使用,用作警示语;也可以与about, of, with 等连用。[例]Be careful! The pool is very deep.小心!池塘很深。[例]Be careful of the cars when you cross the road.过马路时要小心汽车。14.be close to     v.接近;亲近[辨]be close to:表示“接近;亲近”。be closed:表示“关闭的”。[例]The store is close to the market.商店靠近市场。[例]She is very close to her father.她和父亲的关系很亲密。15.be confident  v.有信心[用]表示“对……有信心”时,用be confident of.例Be confident; don't lose heart.要有信心,别泄气。[例] She is confident of making speech.她对演讲非常自信。16.be covered with*  v.被….…覆盖[辨]be covered with :强调状态。be covered by:强调动作。[例]The ground is covered with snow.地面被雪覆盖着。[例]My glasses are covered with vapour.我的眼镜上都是水汽。17.be different from*    v.与.....不同[用]different 可被much, quite, completely 等词修饰。[例] City life is very different from country life.城市生活与农村生活很不一样。[例]My new mobile phone is different from Jennifer's.我的新手机和詹尼弗的不一样。(云南)18.be dressed in    v.穿.…的衣服;穿着[辨]be dressed in:后接衣服或表示颜色的词。be in:意为“穿着”,后接衣服或表示颜色的词,表示穿的状态。have on:意为“穿着;戴着”,无进行时。put on:强调穿的动作。[例]You are required to be dressed in school uniforms.你们被要求穿校服。19.be excited about   v.对.…感到兴奋[用]后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。[例] The World Cup is coming. Are you excited about it?世界杯快到了,你感到兴奋吗?[例]:How can you be excited about this?你怎么对这件事这么兴奋?20.be excited to do   v.对做……感到兴奋[例]:The boys were excited to hear the news.听到这个消息,男孩们兴奋不已。[例]He is so excited to take part in the English speaking contest.参加这次英语演讲竞赛让他感到很兴奋。21.be familiar to*     v.对某事/人熟悉[用]通常由物作主语。[例]The Big Ben is familiar to us.我们都很熟悉大本钟。[例]“The Voice of China” is very familiar to the young.年轻人都很熟悉“中国好声音”。22.be familiar with   v.(某人)对.…熟悉[用]通常由人作主语。[例]He is familiar with this area.他对这个地区很熟悉。[例]They are familiar with the customs there.他们对那里的风俗很熟悉。23.be famous as   v.作为..….而出名[用]主语是人时,表示“某人以……身份而出名”;主语是地点时，表示“某地作为……的产地而出名”。同 be known as 作为……著称[例]The village is famous as a green tea producing place.这个村庄以绿茶产地而闻名。24.be famous for*      v.以.….而闻名[用]往往指因好事而出名,后常接名词。同be known for 因……而众所周知[例]: Beijing is famous for its many places of interest in the world.北京以其众多的名胜古迹而闻名于世。(北京)25.be fed up with     v.对……不满;对……厌倦[同] be tired of 对……厌倦;厌烦[联] feed sb up 用大量食物养肥/养壮某人例| am really fed up with the hot weather.我真的很讨厌这么热的天气。[例]She is fed up with waiting for me.她等我等烦了。26.be filled with*     v.被……填满;充满[例]:The box is too heavy to carry. What's in it?这个箱子太重了,搬不动。里面有什么?-Oh, it is filled with books.哦,里面装满了书。(山西)例:You always seem to be filled with energy.你看起来总是精力充沛。27.be fond of     v.喜欢[用]后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。[例]It's human nature for parents to be fond of their children.父母爱孩子是人类的天性。[例]Ellen was fond of working as a nurse in the hospital.埃伦喜欢作为一名护士在医院工作。(浙江杭州)28.be free     v.有空的;免费的[反]be busy 忙的[例]:I will be free next weekend.下个周末我有空。[例]Admission is free.免费入场。29.be friendly to sb v.对某人友好[用]to 为介词,后跟名词、代词或相当于名词的词。[例]-How are you getting along with your new classmates?你和你的新同学相处得怎么样?--Very well. They are all friendly to me.很好。他们对我很友好。(湖北襄阳)30.be from* v.来自[同]come from 来自;出身于;产自例-Where are you from?你来自哪里?I am from Shandong.我来自山东。31.be full of*   v.装满;充满[辨]be full of:full 是形容词,强调状态。be filled with:意为“被……填满;充满”,fill 是动词,强调动作。[例] You should be full of self-confidence whatever difficulties you meet.无论你遇到什么困难都应该充满自信。(甘肃兰州)32.be going to*   v.将要;打算做[用]后接动词原形,构成将来时,表示将要、打算做某事。例He is going to see the doctor tomorrow.他打算明天去看医生。[例]I am going to be a teacher when I grow up.长大后我想当老师。33.be good at*. v.擅长;在……方面做得好[用]主语通常为有生命的人或动物,后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。[例]Zhou Yang is good at skating. She won a gold medal at the 2010 Olympic Winter Games.周洋擅长滑冰。她获得了2010 年冬季奥运会的金牌。(浙江)34.be good for*    v.对..…有帮助的;对……有好处[反]be bad for对……有害(的)[例]:lt is good for your health to eat more vegetables and fruit.多吃蔬菜水果对健康有好处。(北京)[例]:The weather is good for business.这样的天气对生意很有帮助。35.be good to    v.对..态度好[用]后面一般接表示人的名词或代词。同 be nice to 对……友好[例]:The teacher is good to the children.老师对孩子们很好。36.be in agreement  v.意见一致[联] reach an agreement 达成协议[例]:A decision will not be made until everyone is in agreement.直到所有的人都同意才能做决定。[例]It's hard for them to be in agreement.很难让他们意见一致。37.be interested in*   v.对.…感兴趣[用]人作主语,后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。[辨]be interested in:表示状态。become interested in:强调由不感兴趣到感兴趣这个动作,且不与表示一段时间的状语连用。[例]Not only the young but also the old are interested in WeChat.不仅年轻人,而且老人也对微信感兴趣。38.be late for*     v.迟到[用]主语通常为表示人的名词或代词。[例]Don't be late for the meeting next time.下次会议不要迟到了。[例]I am never late for the class.我上课从来没有迟到过。39.be like*     v.像辨be like:多指人的性格、个性等方面相像。look like:多指人的外貌方面相像。[例]-What is she like?她是什么样的人?-She is kind and honest.她和蔼、诚实。40.be lost*   v.迷路;丢失[同] get lost 迷路lose oneself 迷路[例]:When you are lost, it's better for you to stay where you are.如果迷了路,你最好待在原地不动。例:My pet cat is lost.我的宠物猫走丢了。41.be mad at   v.对.….非常生气[用]程度较 be angry with 要深一些。[例]She is mad at me for being late.我迟到了,她非常气愤。[例] l am not mad at my friend any longer.我不再生我朋友的气了。(山东枣庄)42.be made from*     v.由.…制成[辨]be made from:从制成品看不出原材料。be made of:从制成品可以看出原材料。[例]This kind of wine is made from wheat.这种酒是用小麦制成的。[例]Paper is made from wood.纸是用木材制成的。43.be made in      v.在.…制造[用]后接产地,表示“在某地制造”。[例]Your shoes look so cool. Where are your shoes made in?你的鞋子看起来很酷。你的鞋子是哪里制造的?-Shanghai.上海。(广西来宾)44.be made of*. v.由..…制成[联] be made up of 组成;构成[例]:The Great Wall was made of stones and bricks.长城是由石头和砖砌成的。(贵州铜仁)[例]:The kite is made of paper.风筝是用纸做的。45.be on*     v.进行;处于……状态;上演;放映[反]be off 关闭[例]:The TV is still on.电视还开着。[例]The film will be on next week.这部电影将于下周上映。46.be pleased to do sth  v.高兴做某事[同] be happy [glad] to do sth 高兴做某事[例]:lf there's anything we can do, we'd be pleased to help.如果有需要我们做的,我们将非常乐意帮忙。47.be pleased with  v.对.…感到满意[同]be satisfied with对……感到满意[例]:I am pleased with your progress.我对你的进步很满意。[例]You will be pleased with the up-to-date clothes.你一定会满意这款时髦的衣服。48.be popular with  v.受...欢迎[用] with 之后多接名词。[例]Video games are very popular with children.电子游戏很受孩子们欢迎。49.be proud of: v,以...而自豪；为...而骄傲be proud of:指正当的骄傲和自豪,常含有褒义。be proud about:意为“自觉了不起,盛气凌人”,常含有贬义。[例]Your achievements are something to be proud of.你的成就是值得骄傲的。50.be ready for [to do]*v.为.……做准备;乐意做某事[辨]be ready for:为系表结构,强调状态。get ready for:为动词短语,强调动作。[例]Are you ready for breakfast?你准备好早饭了吗?[例]:He has a lot of interests and he is always ready to help others.他有很多兴趣爱好,并且总是乐于助人。(安徽芜湖)51.be satisfied with v.对..…感到满意[联] be pleased with对……感到满意[例]:She is never satisfied with what she has got.她对自己的所得从不感到满足。[例]Father is very satisfied with what I have done.父亲对我做的事情感到很满意。52.be short for v.为……的缩写;是……的简称[辨]be short for:意为“是……的缩写”,在句中作谓语。for short:意为“简称”,是介词短语,多用在句末。[联] be short of 缺乏……[例]:Call me Jo--it is short for Joanna.叫我乔好了-这是乔安娜的简称。53.be similar to* v.与.…相像[反]be different from 与……不同[例]:Mary's hat is similar to Jane's.玛丽的帽子和珍的差不多。[例]My opinions on the matter are similar to Kay's.我对这件事的见解和凯差不多。54.be [feel] sorry for* v.为……而难过;为……而不[例]:I am sorry for missing your birthday party.很抱歉我没能参加你的生日晚会。(北京)[例]:I feel sorry for those who can't go to school.我同情那些不能上学的孩子们。