高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：必修1 Unit 1 Lifestyles Word版含解析

这是一份高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：必修1 Unit 1 Lifestyles Word版含解析，共17页。

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必修1
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[话题素材]
好词
1．diligent adj. 勤奋的→lazy (反义词) adj. 懒惰的
2．positive adj. 积极乐观的→negative (反义词)消极的
3．hobby n. 业余爱好
4．passion n. 激情
5．hard­working adj. 努力工作的
6．happiness n. 幸福
7．be used/accustomed to 习惯于……
8．be crazy about 对……着迷
9．achieve/realize one's dream 实现某人的梦想
10．manage to_do sth. 设法做成某事
11．be full of 充满
12．take one's advice 接受某人的劝告
13．appreciate/value one's friendship 珍视……的友谊
14．stick to 坚持
15．be satisfied with 对……满意
佳句
1．You have to keep moving towards where you want to be no matter what is in front of you.
你要向目标迈进，不管横在你前面的是什么。
2．Let go of what you can; the_less negative, the_more room there is to be happy.
能放手就放手；负面因素越少，开心的空间就越大。,[精美语篇]
The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that comes along their way. Happiness belongs to those who cry, those who hurt, those who have searched, and those who have tried, for only they can appreciate the importance of people who have touched their lives. Love begins with a smile; grows with a kiss and ends with a tear. The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past, you go on well in life until you let go of your past failures and heartaches.

高频单词
1．matter (vi.) 要紧，重要；有重大关系 (n.) 物质，问题；毛病
2．relaxing (adj.) 轻松的，放松的→relax (vt.&vi.) 放松→relaxed (adj.) 松懈的；放松的
3．stressful (adj.) 充满压力的，紧张的→stress (n.) 压力→pressure (n.) 压力(同义词)
4．suppose (vt.) 认为，猜想，假定，假设→supposing (conj.) 假设，假定
5．switch (vt.) 转换，转变 (n.) 开关
6．urgent (adj.) 急迫的，紧急的→urgency (n.) 紧急；催促
7．bored (adj.) 厌烦的，不感兴趣的→boring (adj.) 令人厌烦的；无聊的→boredom (n.) 厌烦；无聊
8．suffer (vi.) 遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛→suffering (n.) 苦难；受苦
9．reduce (vt. & vi.) 减少，降低，缩小→decrease (同义词)(vt.&vi.)减少，缩减→increase (反义词)(vt.&vi.) 增加
10．organise (vt.) 组织→organisation (n.) 组织→organiser (n.) 组织者→organ (n.) 器官；机构
11．prefer (vt.) 更喜欢；宁愿→preference (n.) 喜好；偏爱
12．challenge (n.) 挑战→challenging (adj.) 挑战性的；考验能力的
13．support (vt. & n．) 支持；支撑→supporter (n.) 支持者；拥护者→supportive (adj.) 给予帮助的；支持的；鼓励的
14．design (n.&vt.) 设计→designer (n.) 设计者
15．otherwise (adv.) 否则；另外
16．graduate (vi.&n.) 毕业；毕业生→graduation (n.) 毕业
重点短语
1．look_forward_to　　　　　　盼望，期望
2．make_a_difference 有影响；重要；起作用
3．play_a_role/part_in 在……中起作用
4．suffer_from 忍受，遭受
5．make_sure 弄清，查明
6．go_off (铃、爆竹等)响
7．take_up 占据
8．at_the_moment 此刻，目前
9．switch_over 转换频道，转变
10．come_up_with 想出(计划、办法等)
热点句型
1.do you think用作插入语
What kind of lifestyle do_you_think the people have？(教材P7)
你认为这些人有什么样的生活方式？
2．不定式短语作后置定语
I am always the first person to_get_to_the_office.(教材P9)
我总是第一个到达办公室的人。
3．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
I find painting or drawing very_relaxing.(教材P10)
我发现画画让人很放松。
4．so...that...引导结果状语从句
Usually, it's so crowded that I can't find anywhere to sit.(教材P14)
通常地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。
5．the same... that...句型
We don't have the_same work hours that office workers in the city have.(教材P15)
我们和这个城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。
教材复现
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I watch more films and I usually switch ________ the TV at about two o'clock.
答案：off
2．I sit on the stone wall ________ the dog walks round in a circle.
答案：while
3．I couldn't live this lifestyle ________ a good wife.
答案：without
4．The mornings are always very busy and the afternoons are even ________！
答案：busier
5．Every minute of the day is filled ________ urgent matters.
答案：with
6．I work for a French company so I think ________ (study) French will help me in my job.
答案：studying
7．We like to go walking ________ there are no shops, crowds or the tube.
答案：where
8．Right now I am studying Chinese by ________ (distant) learning.
答案：distance
9．________ (fortunate), my wife isn't as fond of them as I am.
答案：Unfortunately
10．This meal ________ (include) cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food.
答案：included


1　　matter　vi.要紧；重要；有重大关系　n．物质；问题；毛病

As long as I get good marks in my texts, it doesn't matter if I can speak English or not.(P4)
只要考试得高分，我会不会说英语就无关紧要了。

(1)as a matter of fact 事实上；实际上
a matter of 一个……的问题
to make matters worse 使情况更糟的是＝what's worse
no matter＋疑问词＝疑问词＋ever 无论；不管
What's the matter with...？……怎么了？
(2)It doesn't matter. 没关系。
What matters is... 重要的是……
It matters/doesn't matter to sb.＋主语从句(对某人来说)有关系/没关系；重要/不重要
①[牛津大词典]Does it really matter who did it?
是谁干的真的很重要吗？
②[2014·江苏高考]Sweet Maya, it_doesn't_matter what you “become” later on.
亲爱的玛雅，以后你成长为什么样的人并不重要。
③[2013·山东高考]And to_make_matters_worse/what's worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.
让事情更糟的是，它的新主人对需要给予的资金没有任何计划。
易混辨析
matter
通常指客观存在的或有待处理的问题，常用于“a matter of”结构中
affair
可用于描述严肃认真的公共或政治“事务”，如：foreign affairs外交事务；也可描述与个人生活密切相关的“小事”
event
通常指“重大事件”、“大事”；亦可指体育赛事中的“项目”
三者都有“事情”之意
④用matter/affair/event的适当形式填空
a．The election was the main ________ of 2010.
b．We are friends, but I don't know much about their private ________.
c．We have several important ________ to deal with at our next meeting.
答案：a.event　b．affairs　c．matters
2　　

Mmm and my life is very stressful, I suppose.(P7)
嗯，我想我的生活很有压力。

(1)suppose sb./sth.(to be)．..认为某人/某事……
be supposed to do 应该做
(2)I suppose so./ I suppose not. (I don't suppose so.) 我想是这样/我想不会的。
(3)suppose/supposing (that) 假使……；假定……
①[牛津大词典]I haven't seen it myself, but it's supposed_to_be a great movie.
这部电影我没看过，不过人们普遍认为它不错。
②[新高中英语词汇]I don't_suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?
我觉得没有人会自告奋勇，是不是？
③[2014·山东高考]Maybe Odie was_supposed_to find you, maybe you should keep it.
也许欧迪应该找到你，也许你应该保留着它。
④[2013·浙江高考]Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr Plowright.
假设有另一位我们称之为普洛赖特的先生。
－特别提示－
当主语是第一人称，suppose后的that从句的否定形式通常转移到suppose上，且其反意疑问句要与从句保持一致，类似动词还有think, believe, imagine, guess等。
3　　

Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room.(P8)
然后我起床，下楼并且打开起居室的电视。


①[北师大①－1]Please switch_off the TV when you go to bed.
睡觉时请关上电视。
②[外研④－3]I hear that song whenever I switch_on the radio.
每次打开收音机时，我都能听到那首歌。
③[牛津大词典]She made_the_switch from full­time to part­time work when her first child was born.
第一个孩子出生后，她从全日工作改为非全日工作。
④[2014·四川高考]After a week, the two groups switched with participants.
一周以后，两个小组调换参与者。
⑤[2014·安徽高考]From a distance, Lucy switched_on the pre­recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera.
在远处，露西就打开了提前记录下来的愤怒的蜜蜂的声音，同时用摄像机记录大象的行为。
⑥[2012·湖北高考]We'd take the train into the city center, then switching_to the tram.
我们乘火车到市中心，接着换乘电车。
4　　

I seldom have time for fun and other activities with my family. My family complains about it.(P9)
我很少有时间娱乐并和家人一起活动，妻子和孩子总是抱怨。

(1)complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth. (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事，就(做)某事(向某人)发牢骚
complain (to sb.) that...(向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n．抱怨，投诉，控告
make a complaint (to sb.) about/against sb./sth.(向某人)抱怨/投诉某人/某事
①[2015·北京高考]One of their neighbors had written to complain_about the sound of the piano.
他们的一个邻居已经写信抱怨钢琴声了。
②[2014·江苏高考]A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint over the inclusion of these English words, which, they think, goes against Chinese language policies.
一群学者签了一封投诉信，抱怨含有这种他们认为违背汉语策略的英文单词。
③[新高中英语词汇]Why don't you make_a_complaint against your noisy neighbours?
你为什么不投诉吵闹的邻居呢？
④[2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ]How many adults, who now complain_about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their driver's licenses?
有多少现在抱怨开车上班时间长的成年人在他们第一次获得驾照时迫切地开上数小时的车呢？
5　　

John is suffering from backache.(P10)
约翰正遭受背痛之苦。

(1)suffer from 意为“受……之苦，患……疾病”
(2)suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains 遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦
(3)suffering n．痛苦，苦难
①[2014·湖南高考]Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something.
无论在我的一生中遭受什么样的失败，一件熨过的衬衫都会告诉我我擅长某事。
②[2013·陕西高考]Does he suffer_from any kind of mental disability?
他患有精神疾病吗？
③[人教⑩－1]He slept on firewood and straw to remind him of his sufferings.
他睡在柴草上，提醒自己不要忘记所遭受的苦难。
－特别提示－
suffer指遭受一般的损害，痛苦等；而suffer from常加具体的不幸或痛苦的名词，如战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。如：suffer from hunger/flood/fever/cold/disease/stomachache 遭受饥饿/洪水/发烧/感冒/患病/胃疼。
图解助记

6　　

I can't stand talking in front of the class.(P11)
我无法忍受在全班同学面前说话。

(1)can't stand sth. 无法忍受某事
can't stand (sb.) doing sth.无法忍受(某人)做某事
(2)stand for 代表；象征；主张，支持
stand against 反对；倚着……站着
stand by 袖手旁观；支持
stand out 突出，显眼；出色；显著
stand up for 支持，维护
(3)stand n. 货站；货摊，货架；看台
①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]My 10­year­old noticed him and made a comment on how bad it must be to have_to_stand outside in the cold wind.
我10岁的孩子注意到了他，评论说寒风中不得不站在外面是多么糟糕的一件事。
②[2015·湖北高考]As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand_out above the rest.
正如人们期待的，他写的基本是很清楚的，公平点说，某些章节突出于其它的。
③[朗文中阶词典]People just stood_by and watched him being attacked.
人们只是袖手旁观，看着他被攻击。
④[2014·福建高考]At the front of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a_stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds.
在超市的前面，一个慈善集团建立了一个卖熟香肠和鲜花的货摊来筹集资金。
⑤[2013·课标全国卷Ⅱ]In China, these knots stand_for friendship, love and good luck.
在中国，中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。
－特别提示－
(1)stand作“忍受”讲时，后跟名词、代词或动名词；常与can, could连用，一般用于否定句和疑问句中，但不用于进行时态。
(2)stand也可表示“经得起，承受得了”。
⑥The new material can stand very high temperatures.
这种新材料耐高温。
7　　

I prefer meeting people in small groups.(P11)
我比较喜欢和少部分人会面。

(1)prefer doing/to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢……胜过……
prefer sb. to_do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
(2)prefer doing sth. to doing sth.
＝prefer to_do...rather than (to) do...
＝would do...rather than do...
＝would rather do...than do...
宁愿做……而不愿做……
(3)preference n. 喜爱，偏爱
have a preference for... 偏爱……
(4)preferable adj.更可取的，更好的
①[2015·广东高考]That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water.
那就是比起深水，鱼更喜欢浅水的原因。
②[2014·山东高考]They preferred_to_use a toothbrush with a dry head.
他们更喜欢用有干燥头的牙刷。
③[2014·湖南高考]The behaviour preference of building users is similar.
建筑用户的行为偏好是相似的。
④[2013·安徽高考]Some people prefer_to_do almost everything over the Internet.
有些人喜欢在网上做几乎一切事情。
⑤[牛津英汉词典]He finds country life infinitely preferable to living in the city.
他觉得乡村生活比都市生活称心得多。
⑥[新高中英语词汇]I would prefer reading_books to watching_TV.
比起看电视，我还是喜欢读书。
8　　

His idea to organise a big party has won support from his friends.(P12)
他组织一个大型聚会的建议已经得到朋友的支持。

(1)support a family/oneself 养家糊口/养活自己
(2)come to one's support 来支持某人
give/lend/offer support to sb. 支持某人
in support of 支持
①[2015·广东高考]In order to support_his_family,_Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.
为了养活全家人，约翰先生开始种植草药和蔬菜。
②[2015·广东高考]The cow was their only means of support.
他们家全靠这头牛来维持生计。
③[2014·福建高考]Tenyson's idea of buying a flower gained his father's support.
Tenyson要买一束花的主意得到了自己父亲的支持。
④[牛津英汉词典]Only a few people spoke in_support_of the proposal.
只有几个人表示支持这一提议。
9　　

I need to do that because I don't get enough exercise otherwise.(P14)
我需要那样做，否则我每天的运动量不够。


①[2014·江西高考]Thanks for your direction to the house, we wouldn't have found it otherwise.
谢谢你为我们指明去那所房子的路，否则我们是找不到的。
②Unless otherwise assigned a seat by the teacher, I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom.
除非老师另外指定一个座位，否则我总是坐在教室后面。
③[牛津高阶英汉词典]It was necessary to discover the truth or_otherwise of these statements.
有必要查证这些说法的真实性或虚假性。
－特别提示－
(1)otherwise常用作插入语，后可用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，or用以连接两个并列句，其后不可用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
(2)otherwise, but for(要不是), without(没有), or(不然)等常用于含蓄虚拟条件句。
④Seize the chance. Otherwise,_you'll regret it.
＝Seize the chance, or you'll regret it.
抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。
⑤We didn't know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise we would_have_given you a hand.
我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money ________ (support) their study for the degree.
答案：to support　句意：越来越多的学生利用间隔年挣钱来支持他们为获得学位的学习，这并不令人惊讶了。不定式作目的状语。
2．[2015·北京高考]You're involved in another task—________ (preferable) something simple, like taking a shower.
答案：preferably　句意：你该进行另一项更可取的简单活动了，像洗个淋浴。preferably在此用副词修饰simple，指“更简单可取的”。
3．[2014·辽宁高考]No ________ what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.
答案：matter　句意：不管是什么季节，戴太阳镜都是非常重要的。no matter what “无论什么”。
4．[2014·陕西高考]There was a girl student in his class who suffered ________ a serious back disease.
答案：from　句意：在他的班里有个女学生患有严重的背部疾病。suffer from “患……病”。
5．[2013·浙江高考]This is because nature figures you're set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches ________.
答案：off　switch off“关闭，关上”，此处指牙齿的再生长停止了。
6．[2013·山东高考]While waiting for a bus to the office where he was ________ (suppose) to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.
答案：supposed　be supposed to “应该……”。句意：在等公交车到他应该去接受面试的办公室的时候，他看见一个老人疯狂地踢他车的轮胎。
7.[2013·陕西高考]The children must ________ (get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
答案：have got　句意：孩子们一定是在森林里迷路了，否则，他们会按时到达湖边的营地。根据otherwise及后面的would have been可知应是对过去肯定的推测。
8．Please stay in your own lane; don't switch ________ to the fast lane.
答案：over　句意：请待在原车道上；不要变换到快车道。switch over “转换频道/车道等”。
9．She can't stand ________ (hear) them arguing.
答案：hearing　stand此处意为“忍受”后接名词、代词或动名词，故空处应填v.­ing形式。
10．I have a number of complaints ________ the hotel room.
答案：about　句意：我对旅馆房间有许多不满。complaints about “对……的不满”。

1　　

I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.(P9)
我一般在闹钟响前大约5分钟醒来。


图解助记

①[2015·四川高考]As the months went_by,_the rabbits saw that I was no threat and didn't escape.
几个月过去了，兔子见我没有威胁，不逃走了。
②[2014·湖南高考]The summer before I went_off to college, Mom stood me in her usual spot behind the ironing board.
在我离开家去大学的那个夏天，妈妈让我站在她经常用的烫衣板后面。
③[2014·江西高考]—Could I use this dictionary?
—Just go_ahead. It's a spare one.
——我可以用这本词典吗？
——行，没人在用它。
④To get a better grade, you should go_over the notes again before the test.
要想得高分，你应该在考试前再复习一遍笔记。
⑤I overslept this morning because my morning clock didn't go_off.
今天早晨闹钟没有响，所以我睡过头了。
⑥[牛津高阶词典]Her books have gone_off in recent years.
她最近写的书质量下降了。
⑦[朗文中阶词典]Fireworks went_off all over the city that night.
那天晚上，城里到处都在燃放烟花。
2　　

Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.(P9)
会议和电话占据了一天中的大部分时间。


图解助记

①[2015·陕西高考]Peter will take_up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
在下个月月末，Peter将开始担任旅行社领导的职位。
②[2014·江苏高考]This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take_up a good habit or drop a bad one.
这类影响也可能使一个朋友远离毒品，或是帮助一个成年人养成一个好习惯或丢掉一个坏习惯。
③[2014·湖北高考]It was several minutes before I could take_in what he was saying.
过了好几分钟我才理解他说的什么。
④Some insects take_on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.
一些昆虫会呈现它们周围环境的颜色来保护它们自己。
⑤We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken_up.
我们打算找一张能坐7个人的桌子，但是，它们都被占了。
3　　

At the moment I'm studying medicine at a university.(P16)
目前我在一所大学学习医学。

at this/that moment 这时/那时
at any moment 随时，马上
for the moment 目前，暂时
for a moment 一会儿
in a moment 马上，过一会儿(常用于将来时)
the moment (that) 一……就……
just/wait a moment 稍等一会儿
①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]At_that_moment,_I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.
那一刻，我意识到萨拉索塔市在冬天最美的就是能吃那些我回到纽约的家中将几个月也吃不到的东西。
②[2014·安徽高考]I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at_the_moment.
很抱歉听说你此刻过得不好。
③[牛津词典]This house is big enough for_the_moment,_but we'll have to move if we have children.
这房子现在还够大，但是有了孩子，我们还得搬。
4　　

To solve this problem, the Duchess came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five o'clock.(P18)
为解决这个问题，公爵夫人想出了好办法：在下午四点到五点之间，邀请一些朋友到她那里吃下午餐。


①[2015·湖北高考]A gentleman at the office came_up and patted Jason's shoulder fondly, “You're just the boy I am looking for.”
从办公室里走过来一位先生，很赞赏地拍着Jason的肩说“你就是我要找的男孩”。
②[2014·福建高考]I was amazed that he'd come_up_with such a sweet idea.
我很吃惊，他竟会想出这样美妙的主意。
③[2013·山东高考]The designer says he came_up_with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.
设计师说，他是看到在俄国的大街上人们都(淋)湿了之后，才想出这一主意的。
④She came_across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
昨天当她在百货大楼购物时，遇到了她的一个老朋友。
⑤His first novel has received good reviews since it came_out last month.
他的第一部小说自从上月出版以来已受到好评。
－特别提示－
作“提出”讲时，come up为不及物动词短语，无被动语态，其主语是sth.; come up with是及物动词短语，其主语是sb.。

过关演练
选词填空
go off； take up； come up with； take in； at the moment； at that moment； come about； play an important part in

1．[2015·北京高考]So how can you ________ brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
答案：come up with
2．[2014·重庆高考]She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost ________ the road.
答案：went off
3．[2013·重庆高考]________， I began to understand what my friend meant by her words.
答案：At that moment
4．[2013·江苏高考]I managed to rent a big enough house to ________ a handful of people.
答案：take in
5．How the accident ________ is unknown to us.
答案：came about
6．________， the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five­star hotel.
答案：At the moment
7．I think I'll ________ writing in my spare time.
答案：take up
8．Nowadays, the Internet ________ our lives.
答案：plays an important part in

1　　I turn on the television and watch the children's programmes and old movies until_about_half­past_ten.(P8)
我打开电视，观看儿童节目和老影片，一直到十点半。

(1)until...表示“直到……为止”，until可以用作介词，后跟一个时间点，也可以用作连词，后跟一个时间状语从句。
(2)对not...until句型进行强调时应用It's_not_until...that...结构。
(3)not until...放在句首可以构成倒装句式。
①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until_next_year.
今年，有25310名被高等学院录取的学生已经把他们的入学推迟到明年。
②[2015·福建高考]This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn.
相同的体验重复着，直到每个家庭成员都轮到了。
③[2015·重庆高考]Bach died in 1750, but it was not_until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.
Bach死于1750年，但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全认可。
④[2014·上海高考]Not_until I returned did I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
直到我回来，才意识到安静的小镇生活才是最好的。
－特别提示－
(1)当until所修饰的谓语动词为延续性动词时用肯定形式，表示该动作延续到until后面的时间时结束；当其所修饰的动词为终止性动词时用否定形式，not...until... 表示“直到……才……”。
(2)主句为一般将来时态时，until引导的时间状语从句应用现在时代替将来时。
⑤I shall stay here until next Sunday.
我将留在这直到下星期天。
⑥He didn't__come until late in the evening.
他直到晚上很晚了才来。
⑦I won't stop shouting until you let me go.
你不放我，我就一直喊叫。
2　　

(1)句型“this/that is what＋从句”，表示“这/那就是……”，用来强调说明前面某种情况，其中what引导一个表语从句。
(2)what引导名词性从句时，what可以具有疑问意义，意为“什么”，也可以不具有疑问意义，what相当于the＋n.＋that结构，可以译为“……的话(事、地方、速度、距离等)”。
(3)what引导名词性从句时，在从句中要担任主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分；that引导名词性从句时，只起连接作用，在从句中不担任成分。
①[2015·安徽高考]A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not what ships are built for.
港口里的船是安全的，但那不是建造船的目的。
②[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.
看到事情积极的一面并不意味着你在忽视所发生的事情。
③[2014·湖北高考]It's what this place offers, and it's free of charge.
它是这个地方主动提供的，是免费的。
3　　


①[2015·湖南高考]In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck.
早期的芝加哥洪灾频繁，尤其是春天，这使得路面如此泥泞以致于人和马车经常被陷住。
②[2015·陕西高考]I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
我英语掌握的很好，被选为了英语老师的助手。
③[2014·广东高考]He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can't play it.
他正在学习一首非常难以致于许多专业的钢琴家也不能演奏的(曲子)。
－特别提示－
将so, such短语放在句首，主句要用部分倒装。
So hard does he work that he finishes his project ahead of time.
他工作如此努力以致于他提前完成了计划。

过关演练
完成句子
1．[2015·北京高考]How we understand things has a lot to do with ________.
我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系。
答案：what we feel
2．Not until she took off her glasses ________ she was Li Yuchun.
直到她摘下眼镜，我才认出她是李宇春。
答案：did I recognize
3．The man showed us an ancient painting. ________ the museum lost last year.
那个人向我们展示了一张古画，这正是那家博物馆去年丢失的。
答案：This is what
4．________ he work ________ he devoted all his life to our country.
他工作如此努力，以致于把生命都献给了祖国。
答案：So hard did; that
5．It was ________ he got seriously ill ________ the importance of health.
直到他生了重病，他才知道健康的重要。
答案：not until; that he knew

动词时态(Ⅰ)
一般现在时
1．表示经常性、习惯性的动作；
2．表示现在的状态、特征和真理；
3．少数动词(如：begin, come, go, leave, arrive等)的一般现在时表示按计划、规定要发生的动作。
①[2014·湖南高考改编]All we need ____________a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
答案：is　All we need 相当于All that we need，作主语时谓语动词用单数，且本句表达的是客观需要，故用一般现在时。
现在进行时
1．表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作；
2．表示现阶段正在进行的动作；
3．少数动词(如：arrive, come, go, leave等)的进行时可表示按计划安排和打算将要发生的动作；
4．与频度状语(always, constantly等)连用，表示不断重复的动作。
②[2015·湖北高考]The girl used to be shy, but ________ gradually ________ (get) active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
答案：is; getting　句意：这个女孩以前很害羞，但是现在正渐渐地在群组工作中变得积极，也更愿意表达自己的想法了。此处表示现阶段正在发生的变化，故用现在进行时。
一般将来时
1．表示将来的动作或状态；
2．表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。
③[2015·重庆高考]The meeting ________ (hold) in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.
答案：will be held　句意：会议要在九月召开，但是没有人知道确切的日期。
过关演练
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．[2014·重庆高考]You'd better write down her phone number before you ________ (forget) it.
答案：forget　句意：你趁着还没忘，最好把她的电话号码记下来。此处before引导的时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。
2．[2013·湖南高考]Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ (bother) us.
答案：bothers　由every night可知：这是一个经常性的情况，故用一般现在时。句意：每天晚上两点左右，她就说梦话，这使我们有点烦心。
3．[2014·安徽高考]Lucy is now ____________(study) whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times.
答案：studying　根据now可知用现在进行时，故空处填v.­ing形式。
4．[2014·安徽高考]It's our hope that we ________ (play) a greater role in the market place and, therefore, supply more jobs.
答案：will play　表示将来的动作或状态，故用一般将来时。
5．[2016·唐山一中质量检测]The thief was caught stealing money from the shop opposite the school and ________ (question) by the local police at the moment.
答案：is being questioned　句意：小偷在学校对面的商店偷钱被抓住，现在正在被警察询问。根据at the moment可知是正在发生的动作，the thief和question是被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。