高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：必修5 Uint 15 Learning Word版含解析

这是一份高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：必修5 Uint 15 Learning Word版含解析，共18页。


[话题素材]
好词
1．creative adj. 创造性的
2．attitude n. 态度
3．overcome v. 克服
4．diligent adj. 勤奋的
5．be determined to do 决心做……
6．have a gift/talent for 有……天赋
7．form a good habit 养成好的习惯
8．find fault with... 对……挑剔
9．take interest in 对……感兴趣
10．go_over 复习
11．be well known for 因……出名
12．on account of 由于
13．take measures 采取措施
14．enlarge one's vocabulary 扩大词汇量
15．have a good command of sth. 精通……
佳句
1．Useful_as words are, they can also harmful when we use them improperly.
尽管说话是有用的，但当我们运用不当时，也是有害的。
2．It_was the harmful words that turned Jim into such a miserable situation.
正是这些有害的话使吉姆陷入这样一个悲惨的处境。,[精美语篇]
My Approach to
Difficulties in Learning
As high school students, we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning. Everyone has their own way to deal with them. Here I would like to share mine.
When I am faced with difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages. In this way, I can not only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself.
However, when it comes to something beyond my competence, I turn to my classmates or teachers for help. Sometimes I also ask my parents for advice. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.

高频单词
1．suspect (v.) 怀疑 (n.) 嫌疑犯；可疑对象→suspection (n.) 怀疑
2．instruct (v.) 指导，教导→instruction (n.) 指令，指示，教导
3．distinguish (vt.) 区别；辩别
4．alternative (adj.) 非传统的；另类的(n.)可能的选择；选择对象
5．punishment (n.) 惩罚，处罚→punish (vt.) 惩罚
6．reflect (vt.) 反映；反射→reflection (n.) 反映
7．lack (vt.) 缺乏，没有→ lacking (adj.) 缺乏的，不足的
8．access (n.) (使用或见到的) 机会，权利→accessible (adj.) 可使用的；可见到的
9．worthwhile (adj.) 值得努力的→worthy (adj.) 值得的→worth (adj.) 值，值得(n.) 价值
10．acquire (vt.) 获得，得到→acquired (adj.) 后天的，获得的
11．defence (n.) 保卫，保护→defend (v.) 防御，保卫
12．approve (v.) 赞成；认可；满意→approval (n.)赞成；批准
13．ignore (vt.) 忽视；不顾→(n.) ignorance 无知，愚昧
14．simplify (vt.) 简化→simple (adj.) 简单的→simply (adv.) 简单地；仅仅
15．urge (vt.) 力劝，强烈要求→urgent (adj.) 紧急的
16．inspire (v.) 启发；鼓舞→inspiration (n.) 灵感，启发→inspired (adj.) 受到鼓舞的→inspiring (adj.) 鼓舞人心的
17．beneficial (adj.) 有用的，有益的→benefit (n.) 利益，好处
18．assume (vt.) 假定，假设→assumption (n.) 假定，假设
19．adapt (vt.) (使)适应→adaptation (n.) 适应；改编
20．appreciation (n.) 欣赏→appreciate (vt.) 重视，鉴赏，感激
重点短语
1．frankly_speaking　　　　　　　坦率地说
2．lay_off 裁员；解雇
3．aside_from 除……之外
4．to_a_certain_extent 在某种程度上
5．set_off 使爆炸；引发
6．be accustomed to 习惯于
7．tend to 倾向于
8．approve of 赞成
9．as a whole 总的来说
10．switch off 关闭
热点句型
1．be about to do... “正要做某事”，通常与when连用
Now I'm_about_to_graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.(教材P36)
如今通过远程教育我就要从清华大学继续教育学院毕业了，并会获得该院计算机工程学的学士学位。
2．It's time (that)．.. “是……的时候了”，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气形式，动词过去式或“should＋动词原形”
I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.(教材P36)
我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。
3．wish后的从句常用虚拟语气
Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！(教材P40)
有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见。
教材复现
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would ________ (have) no chance of getting a degree.
答案：have had
2．I have always dreamed ________ starting my own company.
答案：of
3．I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at ________ my messages get sent and answered.
答案：which
4．I haven't seen Mr Jenkins ________ I left school but I often think about him.
答案：since
5．I had no idea ______ an atom was and I didn't really want to know either!
答案：what
6．I remember that he let me ________ (pour) some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off.
答案：pour
7．________ I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit the furthest off the school stage!
答案：Once
8．________ seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.
答案：It
9．At that time, people believed more in religion ________ in facts and people like Galileo Galilei, who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the center of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.
答案：than
10．It's not surprising ________ people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle.
答案：that


1　 suspect　vt.怀疑；觉得(通常不用于进行时)　n.嫌疑犯；可疑分子；被怀疑者

I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to my throat and made me want to cry.(P36)
我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好，但这仍然使我喉咙哽咽，并且想哭。

(1)suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事
suspect sb./sth. to be 怀疑某人/物是……
suspect that... 怀疑/觉得……
(2)a suspect of ……的嫌疑犯
①[2013·江苏高考]He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.
他怀疑是其他动物身上的进化才导致了这种变化。
②[牛津词典]Who do the police suspect_of the crime?
警察怀疑谁(作的案)?
③[牛津词典]I strongly suspect_that they are trying to get rid of me.
我强烈地感觉到他们要除掉我。
易混辨析

suspect
指“怀疑……是”，表示相信
doubt
指“怀疑……不是”，表示不相信
[一言辨异]
I suspect that he is more or less involved in the affair, but I doubt whether he will be removed from office as a result of that.
我猜他和这件事多少有点牵连，但不知他是否会因此事被开除。
④用suspect/doubt的适当形式填空
a．[朗文词典]She strongly ________ he was lying to her.
b．[朗文词典]Pilcher was ________ of giving away government secrets to the enemy.
c．[牛津词典]I ________ we will ever see him again.
d．[朗文词典]She loved him, and had never ________ him.
答案：a.suspected　b．suspected　c．doubt　d．doubted
2　　

I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.(P36)
我让孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网，我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。

(1)instruct sb. in sth. 在……方面指导某人
instruct sb. to_do_sth. 指示某人做某事
instruct that sb.(should)_do sth. 命令某人做某事
(2)instruction n．[U]教导；[复数]用法说明；指示，命令
follow the instructions 遵照说明
carry_out one's instructions 执行某人的命令
(3)instructive adj.有教育意义的；有指导性的
(4)instructor n．辅导员，导师
－特别提示－
instruct后跟that从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，即：谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。
①[朗文词典]Diane instructs_senior_citizens_in basic computer skills.
戴安娜指导老年人学习基本的电脑操作技巧。
②[朗文词典]The teacher instructed_them_to_open their test sheets and begin.
老师指示他们打开试卷开始答题。
③[牛津词典]We are_instructed by our clients that you owe them $300.
我们的委托人通知我们说你欠他们300美元。
④[2014·湖南高考]Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.
根据下面所给提示，写一篇英语作文。
⑤[2014·广东高考]I must say that I have the potential to work as an instructor.
我必须说，我有能力担任教官。
3　　

If the room hadn't been dark, he would have distinguished the two pictures.(P37)
如果房间不是太暗的话，他就会辨认出那两张照片了。

(1)distinguish between...and... 分辨，区分……
distinguish...from... 辨别……与……
distinguish oneself 表现突出
(2)distinguished adj. 著名的，卓越的，高贵的
be distinguished for 因……而著称
be distinguished as 辨明为；称之为
①[2015·天津高考]For example, the robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad.
例如，当一个人高兴或悲伤时这些机器人能分辨出。
②[2014·北京高考]Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
区分研究报告和公共健康建议的区别。
③[朗文词典]The bright feathers distinguish the male peacock from the female.
雄孔雀鲜艳的羽毛使之与雌孔雀区别开来。
④[牛津词典]She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery.
她因头脑冷静、敢作敢为而为人称道。
⑤Mo Yan is distinguished for his good knowledge of literature.
莫言因其文学知识丰富而出名。
4　　

I know that I wasn't a willing student and I shouldn't have been so difficult at school, but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.(P40)
我上学时不是一个特别上进的学生，我知道自己本来不该那么叛逆，但那也许是因为我太缺乏自信了。

(1)lack sth. 缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态)
(2)(a) lack of... 缺乏……
for lack of 因缺乏……
(3)lacking adj.缺少的，不足的(不置于名词前)
be lacking in sth. 缺少某物
①[人教⑦－5]At first I lacked confidence.
起初，我缺乏自信。
②Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是把他培养考入大学。
③[2014·福建高考]Strange as it may seem, if you're unsatisfied, the issue is not a_lack_of means to meet your desires but a_lack_of desires—not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don't have enough tastes.
尽管看起来也许奇怪，如果你不满意，问题不是没有满足渴望的手段，而是没有渴望；不是你不能满足自己的喜好，而是你没有足够的喜好。
④[牛津词典]The project had to be abandoned for_lack_of funds.
工程因资金匮乏只得放弃。
⑤[朗文词典]No one said she was_lacking_in determination.
没有人说她决心不足。
5　　access　n．接近或进入之路；(使用或见到的)机会/权利

The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.(P40)
作为老师，你可以在孩子们心灵顿开、渴望学习时走进他们的思想。

(1)access to＋n. 进入……，通往……的入口
gain/obtain/get/have access to 有权进入……，有权使用……
give access to 接见，准许进入
(2)accessible adj. 易到达的，易接近的；可进入的，可使用的
be accessible to sb. 可以为某人所接近/使用/了解
①[2014·天津高考]All students have_access_to the Writing Center on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.
所有学生都有权进入Douglas Hall的顶层的写作中心。
②Across the world, 1.1 billion people have_no_access_to clean drinking water.
全世界有11亿人喝不到干净的饮用水。
③[外研①－6]The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and it's accessible through a computer.
互联网是世界上最大的信息资源库，只要通过一台电脑就可以访问。
④Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be_accessible_to the kids.
弗兰克把药放在最上面的抽屉里确保孩子们不容易够到。
6　　

And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.(P40)
如果我作为老师所做的能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个如此成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。

(1)It is worthwhile 值得做某事
(2)be worthy 值得被做(主语是动作的承受者)
(3)be (well) worth doing (很)值得做某事(用主动形式表示被动含义)
①[2015·天津高考]He realized he would take a loss by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile.
他意识到卖给我们会有一定损失，但是仍觉得值得。
②[牛津词典] Nursing is a very worthwhile career.
护理职业是很值得干的职业。
③[2014·重庆高考]It_is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett.
在Corbett进行动物研究真的很值得。
④[牛津词典]It's worthwhile taking/to_take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.
给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求，费点事也是值得的。
⑤[朗文词典]Her achievements are worthy of being_praised.
她的成就值得奖赏。
⑥Tickets for a good concert are worth waiting for.
好的音乐会门票值得等。
一言串记
What has just happened is well worth focusing on. It is also worthy of being thought about by everyone present. Is it worthwhile to spend so much money on a wedding? We don't think it is worth it at all.
刚刚发生的事情值得观注，也值得在场的每个人去思考：花费如此多的金钱办一场婚礼值得吗？我们认为根本不值。
7　　

The church and many people tended to ignore the facts...(P42)
教堂和许多人开始忽视这些事实……

(1)ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/忽视某事
ignore one's advice/warning/remarks/protests
无视某人的忠告/警告/话/抗议
(2)ignorance n. 无知，愚昧；不知道
be in ignorance of sth. 不知道某事
(3)ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的
be ignorant of/about 对……一无所知
①[2015·北京高考]They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.
他们因不理睬我们并漏掉重要的事情而使我们大为恼火。
②[2015·福建高考]I'm not suggesting you ignore problems, or that you pretend things are better than they are.
我不建议你们忽视问题的存在，也不是让你们假装事情比本来的样子要好。
③[牛津词典]We are in complete ignorance_of your plan.
我们对你的计划一无所知。
④[牛津词典]To say you were_ignorant_of/about the rules is no excuse.
说自己不知道规则是不能成为借口的。
易混辨析

ignore
表示有意识地不理睬
overlook
表示无意识地忽视或由于心胸宽广而忽略小事情
[一言辨异]
How can I ignore it? I know it is very important. I overlooked it only because I was very busy then.
我怎么能忽略它呢？它是如此地重要。我之所以忽略它只是因为我当时很忙。
图解助记

⑤用ignore或overlook填空
a．Either she didn't see me wave or she deliberately ________ me.
b．He ________ a spelling error on the first page.
答案：a.ignored　b．overlooked
8　　

At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison.(P42)
起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是当他证实亚里士多德是错误的时候，他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。

(1)urge sb. to_do_sth.＝urge sb. into doing sth. 强烈要求某人做某事
urge sth. on/upon sb. 向某人强调某事
urge that sb. (should)_do sth. 力劝某人做某事
(2)have an urge to_do sth. 有做某事的强烈欲望
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的
urgency n. 紧急的事
①[2014·重庆高考]I urged the elephant deeper into the forest.
我催促这头大象深入森林内部。
②[朗文词典]Cal's family urged_him_to_find another job.
卡尔的家人竭力劝他找一份新工作。

③He urged_that we (should)_take such steps.
他极力主张我们采取措施。
④[北师大①－1]Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.
一天中的每分钟都排满了亟待解决的事情。
－特别提示－
urge后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，其形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。具有类似用法的动词还有：suggest, advise, insist, demand, prefer, desire, recommend等。
9　　

Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth？(P43)
为什么亚里士多德认为太阳绕着地球转？

(1)assume sb./sth. to_be... 假设/认为某人/某事是……
assume (that) 从句 假设/假定……
assuming that...＝supposing/suppose that...＝provided/providing (that) 假定……
It's generally assumed that... 普遍认为……
(2)assumption n. 假定；假想；担任(任务等)；承担
make an assumption 假定，认为
on the assumption that 在假定……的情况下
①[2013·安徽高考]Don't assume it is OK to be rude if the person you're in touch with won't recognize you.
不要认为如果你接触的人不认识你粗鲁就是可以的。
②[人教⑧－5]We think it is reasonable to_assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
我们认为假设他们不顾严寒住在这些洞穴里是有道理的。
③Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed_that the latter is due to the former.
在失业率和犯罪率高的地方，我们可以假定犯罪率是由高失业率造成的。
④[朗文词典]We are working on_the_assumption_that everyone invited will turn up.
我们假设每个人都会应邀出席，并正在就此做安排。
10　　

For a start, it would be hard adapting to a new culture.(P44)
首先，适应一种新文化是会很难的。

(1)adapt (oneself) to 适应
adapt sth. for sth. 改编为；使某事物适应或适合
be adapted from 由……改编
(2)adaptation n．适应，改编(本)
①[2014·上海高考]I had difficulty adapting myself to life in the city.
我难以适应城市生活。
②[外研⑧－7]All animals have to adapt to their environment.
所有动物都必须适应环境。
③[朗文词典]The house was adapted_for wheel­chair users.
为方便轮椅使用者，对房子进行了改造。
一言串记
The film is adapted from his story. It mainly tells us his quick adaptation to the new environment, and in fact at first he thought he couldn't adapt himself to the changed environment.
这部电影是根据他的故事改编的，它主要告诉我们的是他快速适应新环境的能力，事实上，他原认为他不能使自己适应变化了的环境。
易混辨析
adopt
采用，采纳；收养；正式通过
adapt
改编；使适应
adjust
调整，使适合
[一言辨异]
The adopted boy adopted a new way to adapt to the new life. He just adjusted his life.
这个被收养的孩子采用了一种新的方法去适应新生活。他刚刚适应了新生活。
④用adopt/adapt/adjust的适当形式填空
a．The children found it hard to ________ to their new school.
b．The couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to ________ one.
c．It took him a while to ________ (himself) to working night shifts.
答案：a.adapt　b．adopt　c．adjust
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．I ________ (suspect) his motives in offering to help.
答案：suspected　句意：我怀疑他帮忙的动机。
2．The policeman suspected him ________ killing the girl.
答案：of　suspect sb. of doing sth.“怀疑某人做过某事”。
3．It is the most ________ (instruct) lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.
答案：instructive　“有教育意义的”，此处为形容词作定语，修饰名词lecture。
4．Mum instructed that I ________ (deliver) the box of sweets to my grandma.
答案：(should) deliver　instruct后的that引导的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。
5．You should distinguish facts ________ rumours.
答案：from　distinguish...from “辩别……与……”。
6．She has already distinguished ________ as an athlete.
答案：herself　distinguish oneself “表现突出”。
7．Do you ________ (ignorant) work, study, and other activities to check your phone for messages?
答案：ignore　此处为谓语动词，前有助动词do，故用动词原形。
8．[2014·上海高考]In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, ________ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set­up new community stores.
答案：urging　此处为urge的现在分词作状语。
9．It is generally ________ (assume) that stress is caused by too much work.
答案：assumed　It is＋过去分词＋that...句型。
10．The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily ________ new environment.
答案：to　adapt to “适应”。

1　　

Three months ago, when my manager told me that I would be laid off, my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.(P36)
三个月前，当经理告诉我我将要下岗时，我大脑一片空白，怒火满腔。


①The company has laid_off a great number of employees due to the financial crisis.
由于金融危机，这个公司进行了大量裁员。
②[朗文词典]Don't you think you should lay_off alcohol for a while?
你不觉得你应暂时把酒戒了吗？
③[牛津词典]I'm going to lay_off smoking for my health.
为了健康我打算戒烟。
④[朗文词典]The rules have already been laid_down.
规则早已制定好。
⑤[朗文词典]Pam laid her dress out on the bed.
帕姆将连衣裙摊开放在床上。
2　　

I remember that he let me pour some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off.(P40)
我记得他让我把一些粉末倒入火箭，然后让另一个学生点火使火箭发射出去。


①[2013·安徽高考]Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set_off on their life journey.
从传统意义上说，大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在开启他们人生旅程之前鼓励他们自己。
②[牛津词典]What time are you going to set_off tomorrow?
你打算明天几点钟启程？
③[牛津词典]Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.
这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。
④[朗文词典]The rains set_off a mudslide that killed 15 people.
持续降雨引起了泥流，造成15人死亡。
⑤[朗文词典]He set_out to make a movie about his experiences in Vietnam.
他开始着手把他在越南的经历拍成电影。
⑥[朗文词典]Johnny set_about improving his Spanish before his trip.
约翰尼旅行前着手提高他的西班牙语水平。
3　　

And aside from emailing, it's fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the i­Cam.(P36)
除了发电子邮件，能在网络上亲眼看到我在美国的孙辈并与之交谈也很有意思。

(1)aside from＝apart from＝except for 除……之外(别无)
aside from＝apart from＝besides 除……之外(尚有)
(2)in addition to 除了……之外(还有)
①[2013·广东高考]Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high­tech methods are becoming increasingly popular.
除了网上摄像，许多其它的高科技方法变得越来越受欢迎。
②[朗文词典]Aside from coal, copper is the state's largest natural resource.
除了煤以外，铜是该州蕴藏最丰富的自然资源。
③Aside from providing maps of the downtown area, the book also contains a guide to the city's best restaurants.
这本书除了提供市中心的地图，还包括全市最棒的餐厅指南。
4　　

Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine...(P42)
尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎里输入几个关键词……

(1)be accustomed to (doing) sth.＝be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事
get/become/grow accustomed to (doing) sth. 变得适应了(做)某事
(2)accustom vt. 使……习惯于……
(3)accustom sb./oneself to... 使某人/自己习惯于……
①[2014·上海高考]I'm accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.
我习惯于在睡前听一些轻音乐。
②[人教⑥－3]This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.
这就是说，过了一段时间以后，你的身体就会习惯有尼古丁在体内。
③They are accustomed to_not_talking at meals.
他们习惯了吃饭时不说话。
5　　

The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed. (P42)
教会和许多人经常忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直舒舒服服所相信的一切。

(1)tend to_do sth. 倾向于做某事，可能会做某事
tend_(to) sb./sth. 照顾，护理；看管
(2)tendency n. 趋向，倾向(常与to/towards连用)
have a tendency to_do sth. 倾向于做某事；喜欢做某事
①[2014·陕西高考]Researchers conclude that the French tend_to_stop eating when they feel full.
研究人员得出结论，当法国人感觉饱了的时候往往会停止吃。
②[朗文词典]Rescue teams were tending_to the survivors.
救援队在照料这些幸存者们。
③[朗文词典]He has_a_tendency_to_talk too much.
他喜欢唠叨。
6　　

At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved...put him in prison. (P42)
起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是后来当他……把他关进了监狱。

(1)approve of sb./sth. 赞成……，同意……
(2)approve oneself 证明自己是
(3)approve of (one's) doing sth. 赞成/同意(某人)做某事
①[朗文词典]Her parents didn't approve_of her marriage.
她的父母不赞同她的婚姻。
②[外研⑧－6]I approve_of_your_trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我赞成你设法赚钱，但不要荒废学业。
过关演练
选词填空
tend to； lay off； aside from； set off； set about； grow accustomed to； approve of
1．Jack is often absent from work, so he is ________ by the firm.
答案：laid off
2．The bomb was ________ by a remote control device.
答案：set off
3．Armed with the information you have gathered, you can ________ preparing your business plan.
答案：set about
4．________ being good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.
答案：Aside from
5．My eyes slowly __________ the dark.
答案：grew accustomed to
6．No teacher can ________ cheating on exams.
答案：approve of
7．[2014·浙江高考]The Swiss ________ be formal and address each other by last name.
答案：tend to

1　　

(1)“too＋adj./adv.＋to do”译为“太……而不能……”，“太……而无法……”。
(2)“too...to...”结构之前带but, only, all, never, not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常……”“十分……”“实在……”“真是太……”等。
①[牛津词典]It's too long a journey to make in one day.
路程太远，一天之内到不了。
②I'm too_busy enjoying my life now to_worry_about the future!
我现在忙于享受生活而无暇为未来担忧！
③The students were only too glad to go back home for the winter holiday.
放寒假回家，学生们很高兴。
2　　

It is/was time (that)．.. 句型
(1)It is/was (high/about) time that...表示“该是做某事的时候了”，在that从句中要用虚拟语气，即用动词的过去时或should＋动词原形(should不可省略)。
(2)It's time (for sb.) to_do_sth. “该是(某人)做某事的时候了”。
(3)It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋that... “是某人第几次做……”，that从句中使用完成时(若是it is，则从句用现在完成时；若是it was，则用过去完成时)。
①[牛津词典]It's high time (that) you stopped fooling around and started looking for a job.
你可别再游手好闲了，也该找份工作了吧！
②It's_high_time that the article were published.
发表这篇文章是适时的。
③[朗文词典]It's time to_go.
该走了。
④This was the last time that I had_asked you for money.
这是我最后一次向你要钱。
3　　

wish后加宾语从句，常表示难以实现的愿望/希望，用虚拟语气。
wish后面从句中的谓语动词形式为：
wish
①I wish I could_speak French.
我要是能讲法语就好了。
②[2015·陕西高考]Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I danced as well as her.
埃伦是一个很棒的舞者，我希望和她跳得一样好。
③[2015·天津高考]I wish I had_been at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
我很希望参加了上周我妹妹的婚礼，但我当时在纽约商务旅行。
过关演练
完成句子
1．The problem is too complicated ________.
这个问题太复杂了，我们解决不了。
答案：for us to solve
2．You can ________ careful in the street.
在街上，你越小心越好。
答案：never be too
3．[朗文词典]It's about time you ________ a job.
你该找份工作了。
答案：got/should get
4．[朗文词典]I wish I ________ remember his name.
我真希望我能记得他的名字。
答案：could
5．[牛津词典]I wish I ________ what is going to happen.
但愿我能知道要发生什么事。
答案：knew

虚拟语气
　虚拟语气表示一种主观愿望和假想虚拟的情况。
if条件句表示与现在事实相反，动词用过去式。(be多用were)
主句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
①If it ________ not raining, we should go for a picnic.
如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。
答案：were
if引导的条件句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done，主句与过去事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/should/might＋have done。
②[2015·北京高考]If I ________ (see) it with my own
eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
如果我没有亲眼看到，我是不会相信的。
答案：hadn't seen
if条件句表示与将来事实相反，动词用过去式或should/were to＋动词原形。主句表示与将来事实相反，谓语用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
③If you came tomorrow, we ________ the meeting.
如果你明天来，我们就开会。
答案：should have
－特别提示－
省略if的虚拟条件句。当if条件句中含有had, should, were, 可把if省略，把had, should, were提前。
④[2016·四川成都诊断测试]________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Water Cube.
如果明天下雨的话，我们将不得不推迟参观水立方。
答案：Should
过关演练
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．If he ________ (come) here, he might be able to help you.
答案：came　与现在事实相反，if虚拟条件句谓语动词用过去式。
2．[2014·湖南高考]If Mr Dewey ________ (be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
答案：had been　根据主句谓语would have...可知此句表示与过去事实相反，if虚拟条件句用had done。
3．[2016·河北省联考]He called to tell me that you are in hospital. Otherwise I ________ (know) nothing about it.
答案：would have known　otherwise “要不然”隐含一个条件在里面，此句表示的条件是不真实的，用虚拟语气。而前句为陈述语气，由谓语called可知为过去时，故此句谓语用would have known。