四川省绵阳南山中学2023届高三英语下学期仿真考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省绵阳南山中学2023届高三英语下学期仿真考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

绵阳南山中学2023年高考仿真考试英语试题
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将 试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What is the man?
A. A student. B. A librarian. C. A job hunter
2. Where did the woman work?
A. At a drug store. B. In a hospital. C. At a college.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. She’ll attend the party. B. She’ll have to work. C. She’ll invite Tom.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Asking for help. B. Asking for leave. C. Asking for permission.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. On the phone.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. How does Joshua go to school in Japan probably?
A. He takes a school bus every morning.
B. He rides the subway alone at 8:00 am.
C. He walks with other students.
7. What time does Joshua probably come home from school most days?
A. Between 1:00 pm and 2:00 pm.
B. Between 2:00 pm and 3:00 pm.
C. Between 3:00 pm and 4:00 pm.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. How long has the man played the piano up to now?
A. For 5 years. B. For 10 years. C. For 15 years.
9. What do we know about the man?
A. He started to write music at five.
B. His CDs became the best seller last year.
C He has given concerts in schools.
10. What is “Someone Like You”?
A. A short story. B. An album. C. A poem.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. What was the woman planning to study originally?
A. Law. B. Business. C. Medicine.
12. What made the woman change her mind?
A. The outbreak of COVID- 19.
B. The lockdown of schools.
C. The increasing unemployment.
13. What kind of school did the man want to go to?
A. A law school. B. A medical school. C. A Business School.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14. Who gave the woman her first mountain bike?
A. Her uncle. B. Her father. C. Her brother.
15. What happened in the Regional Championship?
A. A fallen tree blocked the road.
B. A photographer suddenly fell off a tree.
C. Someone appeared on the road suddenly.
16. What does the woman think is the most important before a race?
A. Doing sports to keep fit.
B. Looking at the route in advance.
C. Making sure the bike is in good condition.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Space travel. B. Chatting on the Internet. C. Hotel expense.
18. What can we know about the hotel?
A. It runs 320 km around the sun.
B. It can hold two guests at a time.
C It will be put into use in 2022.
19. What can guests do in the space hotel?
A. Cook food. B. Have a video chat. C. Take the astronauts’ place.
20. What does the speaker think of the space trip?
A. Relaxing. B. Dangerous. C. Expensive.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
L. A. Science Weekend: Natural History and Space
Join in The New York Times Journeys for three days of scientific leaning in Los Angeles. This program includes visits to the city’s most fascinating sites for natural history, zoology and space with experts helping you gain relevant knowledge.
Your New York Times experts:
Kenneth Chang is a science reporter for The New York Times. With a background in physics, he specializes in writing about the physical sciences. His articles have included the mysteries of neutrinos(中微子),and the discovery of a planet around a distant star.
Cornelia Dean is a lecturer at Brown University, a science writer and a former science editor of The New York Times. When she worked in the paper’s science department, members of its staff won every major journalism prize as well as the Lasker Award for public service. She is at work on her fourth book about how to make the best of the land in coastal areas.
John Schwartz is a reporter at The New York Times who writes about climate change. In his career at The New York Times, he has also covered the space program, which took him to half a dozen shuttle launches, two zero-gravity flights, and Space City in Russia, where astronauts train together to fly to the International Space Station.
Anahad O’Connor, who joined The New York Times in 2003, covers consumer health, medicine, science and other topics. As a graduate of Yale University with a degree in psychology and a focus on child studies, he is the author of four books, including the best-selling Never Shower in a Thunderstorm. His work has been featured in The Best American Science Writing, a collection of articles selected by Atul Gawande. Anahad is a frequent guest on national media programs, including PBS Newshour, Good Morning America, and NPR’s All Things Considered.
1. What do we know about Cornelia Dean?
A. She used to be a science reporter.
B. She got a personal award as a volunteer.
C. She specializes in the study of coastal land use.
D. She remains an editor of The New York Times.
2. Which of the following topics is covered by more than one expert?
A. Climate. B. Psychology. C. Space. D. Health.
3. Who should you consult if you are interested in medicine?
A. Kenneth Chang. B. Cornelia Dean.
C. John Schwartz. D. Anahad O’Connor.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了会在洛杉矶为期3天的科学学习中解读洛杉矶的自然历史、动物学和太空景点的四位专家。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“She is at work on her fourth book about how to make the best of the land in coastal areas.”(她正在写她的第四本关于如何充分利用沿海地区土地的书。)可知，Cornelia Dean写了好多本关于沿海土地利用的书，可知她是专门研究这方面的专家。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“His articles have included the mysteries of neutrinos(中微子),and the discovery of a planet around a distant star.”(他的文章包括中微子的奥秘，以及发现一颗遥远恒星周围的行星。)可知，Kenneth Chang的研究与太空有关；根据第五段“In his career at The New York Times, he has also covered the space program, which took him to half a dozen shuttle launches, two zero-gravity flights, and Space City in Russia, where astronauts train together to fly to the International Space Station.”(在《纽约时报》的职业生涯中，他还报道了太空计划，参与了六次航天飞机发射、两次零重力飞行，以及俄罗斯的太空城(space City)，宇航员在那里一起接受飞往国际空间站的训练。)可知，John Schwartz的研究也与太空有关，可知太空这个主题有2位专家研究。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Anahad O’Connor, who joined The New York Times in 2003, covers consumer health, medicine, science and other topics. ”(Anahad O’Connor于2003年加入《纽约时报》，报道消费者健康、医药、科学和其他主题。)可知，Anahad O’Connor是医药方面的专家，对医药感兴趣应该向他咨询。故选D项。
B
For some people, October is October. On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear 747, also known as “Bear Force One”, took the first-place spot with 68,105 votes. It weighed around 1,400 pounds.
Fat Bear Week started in 2014.At first it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people got involved, turning it into a global campaign.
The contest serves two main purposes. First, some of America’s national parks are in remote and undeveloped areas, which are difficult or costly to reach. Fat Bear Week brings Alaska’s wilderness to fans’ computer screens. “It’s not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river anymore, ”Fitz said.
Second, Fat Bear Week brings attention to the bears and the ecosystems they live in. The 2,200 bears of Katmai are strong for feeding on some of the healthiest salmon(三文鱼)in the world, said Sara Wolman, a former park keeper. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest are suffering from overfishing, dam construction and warming rivers due to climate change. Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai’s bears like to fish in, has been free from these threats so far.
Fat Bear Week has spread like viruses. Fans and creators say it’s because it shows a conservation success story. For one week, people don’t have to focus on climate change or habitat loss. “Maybe things aren’t super great all the time in the world,” said Felicia Jimenez, who is a current Katmai keeper. “But there are some really fat bears in Alaska.”
4. Why did Bear 747 become the winner of Fat Bear Week in southern Alaska?
A. It gained the most pounds. B. It was the heaviest.
C. It presented the best photos. D. It was the most famous.
5. What is the purpose of paragraph 2?
A. To show the popularity of fat bears. B. To review the history of the event.
C. To praise Mike Fitz for his work. D. To explain the role of live webcams.
6. What can we learn about Katmai’s bears?
A. They bring tourists to the park. B. They face a population decline.
C. They remain difficult to be seen. D. They have a stable food source.
7. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Fat Bear Week: Conservation Is Joyful B. Brown Bears; Winter Survival Is Crucial
C. Bear 747: A Fat Yet Healthy Champion D. Katmai’s Bears: A Special Beauty Contest
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿拉斯加南部的卡特迈国家公园和自然保护区举行的“胖熊周”活动。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear 747, also known as “Bear Force One”, took the first-place spot with 68,105 votes. It weighed around 1,400 pounds. (10月5日，阿拉斯加南部的卡特迈国家公园和自然保护区拉开了“胖熊周”的序幕，粉丝们根据前后对比照片，投票选出他们认为体重增加最多的那只熊。“熊747”，也被称为“熊力一号”，以68105票获得第一名。它重约1400磅)”可知，粉丝们投给他们认为体重增加最多的熊，所以Bear 747获胜是因为它体重增加得最多。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Fat Bear Week started in 2014.At first it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people got involved, turning it into a global campaign.(胖熊周始于2014年。一开始只是胖熊星期二。迈克·菲茨(Mike Fitz)是卡特迈(Katmai)的前公园管理员，他注意到直播的网络摄像头显示熊在网上引起了很多评论，所以他让人们在网上为他们最喜欢的胖熊投票。为期一天的活动吸引了1700人投票。2015年，假期延长至一周。去年，近80万人参与其中，使之成为一场全球性的运动)”可推知，本段旨在回顾“胖熊周”的历史。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai’s bears like to fish in, has been free from these threats so far. (幸运的是，到目前为止，布鲁克斯河还没有受到这些威胁，卡特迈公园的熊喜欢在此捕鱼)”可知，卡特迈公园的熊有一个稳定的食物来源。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段中“Fat Bear Week has spread like viruses. Fans and creators say it’s because it shows a conservation success story. (胖熊周像病毒一样传播开来。粉丝和创作者说，这是因为它展示了一个环保成功的故事)”可知，文章主要介绍了阿拉斯加南部的卡特迈国家公园和自然保护区举行的“胖熊周”活动，它以一种竞技方式让人们关注熊及它们所居住的生态系统。由此可知，A项“胖熊周：环境保护也可以很快乐”适合作为文章标题。故选A。
C
Whether you admit it or not, people’s love for Christmas jumpers (毛衣) around Christmas has increased over recent years. And while you may be less willing to get involved in the Christmas jumper trend, Christmas Jumper Day now enables you to do more with your jumper than build up sweat in an incredibly warm office.
The origin of the Christmas jumper can date back to the late 19th century in the USA. Americans in the 1930s knitted (编织) for Christmas to create an item of clothing to keep them “warm” during the tough period- the Great Depression. They copied the jumpers they saw their favorite stars wearing on the big screen. From the 1950s, it was common to see American families wearing festive jumpers as they sat down to eat their Christmas dinner.
Now, alongside wearing a festive jumper for the fun of it, there are other positive outcomes. Christmas Jumper Day has been set up to encourage people to make the world better and raise funds tor Save the Children by wearing a Christmas jumper and making a minimum donation of £1. Ladbrokes, a company, in the UK, is running a competition in which all you have to do is take a selfie (自拍) outside of one of their shops while wearing a jumper- the winner will win a good prize and for every submission Ladbrokes will donate f5 to St. Luke’s Hospital charity. For you, it’s a win-win situation.
If you’re still unconvinced that it’s about time you bought yourself a Christmas jumper, then maybe the fact that Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg have all been spotted wearing Christmas jumpers will raise your enthusiasm. Retailers (零售商) such as Topshop, Burberry and H&M have also become committed to Christmas Jumper Day and have their very own types of Christmas jumpers.
8. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. Christmas jumpers serve many functions.
B. Wearing Christmas jumpers in the office has been a trend.
C. Christmas jumpers have gained huge popularity.
D. Everyone should have a Christmas jumper.
9. For what reason did Americans in the 1930s make Christmas jumpers?
A. To protect them from cold weather. B. To lift their spirits.
C. To follow the stars they like. D. To establish a tradition.
10. What does the author mean by saying “it’s a win-win situation” in Paragraph 3?
A. You may help others and win some money.
B. You may raise awareness and save resources.
C. You may make a donation and achieve fame.
D. You may get some aid and promote Ladbrokes.
11. Why does the author mention Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg?
A. To encourage people to donate Christmas jumpers.
B. To show the significance of Christmas Jumper Day.
C. To persuade readers to purchase a Christmas jumper.
D. To prove Christmas jumpers are popular among stars.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文介绍了一年一度的圣诞毛衣日（Christmas Jumper Day），19世纪晚期就流行起圣诞节前穿圣诞毛衣的传统。但现在这个传统被延伸为一年一度的慈善活动，人们穿上充满圣诞气息的毛衣，为孩童们募款。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whether you admit it or not, people’s love for Christmas jumpers (毛衣) around Christmas has increased over recent years. And while you may be less willing to get involved in the Christmas jumper trend…(不管你承认与否，近年来，人们对圣诞节毛衣的喜爱有所增加。虽然你可能不太愿意参与圣诞套头衫的潮流……)”可知，圣诞毛衣节越来越受欢迎，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Americans in the 1930s knitted (编织) for Christmas to create an item of clothing to keep them ‘warm’ during the tough period — the Great Depression.(20世纪30年代，美国人为圣诞节编织了一件衣服，以在经济大萧条时期保持‘温暖’)”可知，二十世纪三十年代人们编织毛衣是为了让自己在美国经济大萧条时期保持“热情”，故选B。
【10题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第三段中“Ladbrokes, a company, in the UK, is running a competition in which all you have to do is take a selfie (自拍) outside of one of their shops while wearing a jumper — the winner will win a good prize and for every submission Ladbrokes will donate £5 to St. Luke’s Hospital charity. For you, it’s a win-win situation.(英国Ladbrokes公司正在举办一场比赛，你所要做的就是穿着套头衫在他们的一家店外自拍，获胜者将赢得一份很好的奖品，每提交一份作品，Ladbrokes公司将向圣卢克医院慈善机构捐赠5英镑。对你来说，这是双赢的局面)”可知，穿着套头衫自拍一张照片提交后，不仅能赢得一些奖品，Ladbrokes公司将向圣卢克医院慈善机构捐赠5英镑，故作者说“这是一个双赢的局面”意思是你可能会帮助到别人，同时自己也赢得一点钱，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If you’re still unconvinced that it’s about time you bought yourself a Christmas jumper, then maybe the fact that Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg have all been spotted wearing Christmas jumpers will raise your enthusiasm.(如果你还不相信是时候给自己买一件圣诞套头衫了，那么也许Taylor Swift，Justin Bieber和Snoop Dogg都被拍到穿圣诞套头衫的事实会让你的热情高涨)”可知，作者提到Taylor Swift，Justin Bieber和Snoop Dogg这些名人是为了劝说读者购买圣诞毛衣，故选C。
D
According to a new study from Oxford Economics, a rise in artificial intelligence will result in an increase in “income inequality” as they estimate that 20 million manufacturing jobs will be lost in the next 1l years. In China alone, there could be 14 million robots taking work currently done by humans by 2030. While in the United States, more than 1.5 million workers would have lost their employment to technology by 2030.
The report predicts the use of robots worldwide has increased to 2.25 million over the past two decades. The researchers said, “As a result of robotisation, tens of millions of jobs will be lost, especially in poorer economies that rely on lower-skilled workers, which will therefore translate into an increase in income inequality.”
However, the researchers noted how “robotisation” has the potential to boost productivity and economic growth. They predicted a 5.3 percent rise in global gross domestic product(GDP) in 2030.The report said, “This means adding an extra $4.9 trillion per year to the global economy by 2030(in today’s prices).”
The report remained positive about the use of automation and urged lawmakers not to sand in the way of robots in the workplace, despite the threat of job losses.
The researchers said, “These findings should not lead policy-makers to seek to prevent the adoption of robot technology. Instead, the challenge should be to distribute the robot profits more evenly by helping workers prepare for and adapt to the big changes it will bring about. Explore all policy options from training, initiatives (新方案)and new welfare programs such as universal basic income.”
12. What is the number of potential job loss in Oxford Economics report based on?
A. Accurate figures. B. Official statistics.
C. Artificial intelligence. D. Approximate calculation.
13. What can we infer about the trend of robotisation in manufacturing industry?
A. It may enlarge the gap between rich and poor.
B. It has helped increase the global income.
C. It may increase international competition in lawmaking.
D. It has been universally recognized.
14. What do the researchers suggest to policy-makers in the last paragraph?
A. Boosting national economic development.
B. Providing citizens with lifelong education.
C. Slowing down the spread of robot technology.
D. Protecting workers’ interests by making new plans.
15. What’s the researchers’ attitude towards “robotisation” ?
A. Skeptical. B. Favorable. C. Conservative. D. Tolerant.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述一项研究，表明人工智能的兴起将导致“收入不平等”加剧及研究人员对机器人化的态度和建议。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“According to a new study from Oxford Economics, a rise in artificial intelligence will result in an increase in “income inequality” as they estimate that 20 million manufacturing jobs will be lost in the next 1l years. In China alone, there could be 14 million robots taking work currently done by humans by 2030. While in the United States, more than 1.5 million workers would have lost their employment to technology by 2030. (牛津经济研究院(Oxford Economics)的一项新研究显示，人工智能的兴起将导致“收入不平等”加剧，他们估计，未来11年将有2000万个制造业岗位流失。到2030年，仅在中国，就可能有1400万个机器人取代目前由人类完成的工作。而在美国，到2030年，将有150多万工人因技术而失去工作。) ”可知这些数据是被估计的，也就是近似计算，故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers said, “As a result of robotisation, tens of millions of jobs will be lost, especially in poorer economies that rely on lower-skilled workers, which will therefore translate into an increase in income inequality.” (研究人员表示：‘由于机器人化，数千万人将失去工作，尤其是在依赖低技能工人的较贫穷经济体，这将导致收入不平等的加剧。’)”可推断制造业的机器人化趋势可能会扩大贫富差距。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The researchers said, “These findings should not lead policy-makers to seek to prevent the adoption of robot technology. Instead, the challenge should be to distribute the robot profits more evenly by helping workers prepare for and adapt to the big changes it will bring about. Explore all policy options from training, initiatives (新方案)and new welfare programs such as universal basic income.” (研究人员说：“这些发现不应该导致政策制定者试图阻止机器人技术采用。相反，挑战应该是通过帮助工人准备和适应机器人将带来的巨大变化，更平均地分配机器人的利润。探索所有的政策选择，从培训、倡议到新的福利项目，如全民基本收入。”)”可知研究人员建议政策制定者制定新计划保护工人的利益。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The report remained positive about the use of automation and urged lawmakers not to sand in the way of robots in the workplace, despite the threat of job losses. (该报告对自动化的使用仍持积极态度，并敦促立法者不要阻碍机器人在工作场所的发展，尽管这可能会导致失业。)”可知研究人员对“机器人化”仍然支持，故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Museums become the next stop many students want to visit at their leisure.____16____ However, the experience of visiting a museum could be quite disappointing if not done right, even for the experienced museumgoers.
____17____. No matter how much you’re enjoying yourself, many museums can take hours, days, or even weeks to fully explore. If you try to put it all in, you will get worn out to the point that you won’t really be seeing anything. Pick a few paintings and explore them in a detailed way, and your museum experience will be more relaxing.
Have you ever started your visit by waiting in line in front of the museum for a few hours just to get in? And that’s the sad reality when visiting many of those world-famous museums. Thus, be smart to browse the instructions for visiting and book in advance online.____18____.
What if you don’t like some museums? Then don’t visit them! I’m not a massive fan of parks, so I would hardly ever end up in any park while travelling.____19____Do they have a nice collection of an art style you love? Just ask yourself and visit the museum website to see what the highlights are.
There is nothing worse than impolite manners while visiting. We’ve all witnessed that guy being yelled at by the security for touching or taking flash photos.____20____.Otherwise, not only will you absolutely get embarrassed by security guards, but you can actually ruin artworks!
All of these ground rules are often neglected by us. Bear them in mind before setting off, and you will enjoy your museum tour!
A. It’s the same with the museums
B. But most of them do it all wrong
C. If you haven’t, don’t let it be you
D. That way you can have an easy access
E. The first step is to research how to enjoy everything
F. Sometimes you may sigh museum tiredness is a real thing
G. Generally, there is no right or wrong way to visit a museum
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对如何更好地游览博物馆给出一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“However, the experience of visiting a museum could be quite disappointing if not done right, even for the experienced museumgoers.(然而，如果做得不对，参观博物馆的经历可能会非常令人失望，即使是对经验丰富的博物馆游客来说也是如此)”可知，这里说的是参观博物馆要合理安排，G项“一般来说，参观博物馆没有对错之分”符合题意，故选择G项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“No matter how much you’re enjoying yourself, many museums can take hours, days, or even weeks to fully explore.(无论你多么享受，许多博物馆都可能需要数小时、数天甚至数周的时间才能完全探索)”可知，这里说的是参观博物馆有时会花费很长时间，会令人疲惫，F项“有时你可能会感叹博物馆的疲惫是真实存在的”符合题意，故选择F项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Thus, be smart to browse the instructions for visiting and book in advance online.(因此，明智地浏览访问指南并提前在线预订)”可知，这里要说的是，在网上提前预定就可轻松游览，而不用等待，D项“这样你就可以轻松访问”符合题意，故选择D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“What if you don’t like some museums? Then don’t visit them! I’m not a massive fan of parks, so I would hardly ever end up in any park while travelling.(如果你不喜欢一些博物馆怎么办？那就不要去游览它们！我不太喜欢公园，所以我在旅行时几乎不会去任何公园)”可知，这里要说的是，如果不喜欢博物馆那就不要去游览，就像作者不喜欢公园一样，A项“博物馆也是如此”符合题意，故选择A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“We’ve all witnessed that guy being yelled at by the security for touching or taking flash photos.(我们都目睹过某个家伙因为触摸或拍闪光灯照片而被保安大喊大叫)”可知，作者想要劝大家不要做不礼貌的事情，C项“如果你没有这样，就不要让它成为你”符合题意，故选择C项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。
I remember the night, some years ago, my wife and I were going to dinner at a fiend’s house in New York city. As we hurried toward the house, with its welcoming ___21___ , I noticed a car pulling out from the sidewalk. Just ahead, another car was waiting to ___22___ into the parking space. But before he could do so another car came up from behind, and sneaked into the ___23___ .
“That’s a(n) ___24___ trick.” I thought. While my wife went ahead into our friend’s house, I stepped into the street to give the ___25___ driver a piece of my mind. A man in work clothes ___26___ the window.
“Hey,” I said, “this parking space belongs to that guy.” I ___27___ toward the man ahead, feeling pretty manly in my new coat.
“Must you get ___28___?” the driver yelled, “None of your business!”
“No,” I said. “You don’t understand. That fellow was waiting for this space.” Things quickly became ___29___ , until finally he leaped out of the car. The huge man ___30___ me and bent me back over the hood (引擎盖) of his car. I was ___31___ . I scrambled (跌跌撞撞) to my friend’s front door. Seeing that I was ___32___ , my wife and friends asked me what had happened. All I could say was that I had had a(n) ___33___ about a parking space. They had the thoughtfulness to let it go at that.
Perhaps half an hour later, the ___34___ rang. I was sure the guy had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her. I was morally, ___35___ to answer it myself.
I walked down the halfway with ___36___ . Yet I knew I had to face up to my fear. I opened the door. There he stood, ___37___ yet murmuring. “I came back to apologize,” he said in a low voice. “The Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. I’ve worked there for years. And today I got. ___38___ . I hope you’ll accept my apology.”
I often remember that big man. I think of the efforts and___39___ it took for him to come back. He was man at his ___40___.
21. A. smell B. atmosphere C. location D. light
22. A. advance B. back C. slide D. break
23. A. house B. courtyard C. destination D. spot
24. A. absurd B. logical C. dirty D. invisible
25. A. fierce B. cruel C. mean D. dangerous
26. A. opened up B. knocked at C. pushed aside D. rolled down
27. A. gestured B. sighed C. hurried D. moved
28. A. involved B. interrupted C. caught D. annoyed
29. A. sharp B. tense C. illegal D. smooth
30. A. criticized B. seized C. scratched D. hugged
31. A. disappointed B. mistaken C. depressed D. terrified
32. A. disabled B. upset C. fallen D. drunken
33. A. competition B. bargain C. argument D. assessment
34. A. doorbell B. alarm C. telephone D. music
35. A. informed B. allowed C. supposed D. ashamed
36. A. doubt B. patience C. scare D. curiosity
37. A. towering B. trembling C. leaning D. wandering
38. A. laid off B. lifted up C. cared for D. dealt with
39. A. honesty B. courage C. energy D. confidence
40. A. cost B. risk C. leisure D. best
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者看到有个司机插队停车，他觉着这个行为很不好，所以去和司机理论。结果这样做引起了司机的愤怒，导致他们两个差点打起来。后来司机来和作者道歉，作者觉得能够鼓起勇气来道歉是一件值得称赞的行为。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们匆匆忙忙地驶向那座亮着迎宾灯的房子时，我注意到一辆汽车从人行道上驶出。A. smell气味；B. atmosphere大气；C. location位置；D. light光。根据上文“I remember the night, some years ago, my wife and I were going to dinner at a fiend’s house in New York city.”可知，作者晚上去朋友家吃饭，所以是房子的迎宾灯亮着。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在前方，另一辆车正等着回到停车位。A. advance进步；B. back倒退；C. slide滑动；D. break打破。根据空后的“the parking space”可知，一辆车驶出了停车位，而另一辆车等着停回停车位。故填B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他还没来得及这么做，另一辆车就从后面开了过来，偷偷地进入了停车位。A. house房子；B. courtyard庭院；C. destination目的地；D. spot地点。根据上文的“the parking space”可知，另一辆车突然停入了那个停车位。spot意为“地点”，此处指停车位。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“那是个卑鄙的把戏。”我想。A. absurd荒谬的；B. logical有逻辑的；C. dirty卑鄙的；D. invisible看不见的。根据上文“But before he could do so another car came up from behind, and sneaked into the ___3___ ”可知，当一辆车等着停车时，另外的一辆车却插队偷偷的倒进了停车位，所以作者觉得这是一个卑鄙的把戏。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我妻子走进朋友家时，我走到街上，想狠狠地教训一下那个卑鄙的司机。A. fierce凶猛的；B. cruel残忍的；C. mean低劣而肮脏的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文““That’s a(n) ___4___ trick.” I thought.”可知，作者觉得这个插队停车的司机很卑鄙。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个穿着工作服的男人摇下窗户。A. opened up打开；B. knocked at敲；C. pushed aside推到一边；D. rolled down滚下来。根据空后的“the window”可知，车上的司机摇下车窗。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我朝前面的男人做了个手势，穿着我的新外套，感觉很有男子气概。A. gestured打手势；B. sighed叹气；C. hurried赶快；D. moved移动。根据上文“this parking space belongs to that guy”可知，作者指着本应该倒进停车位的那位男士给插队的司机看。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你必须参与进来吗？”司机喊道，“不关你的事！”A. involved涉及；B. interrupted中断；C. caught抓住；D. annoyed使恼怒。根据下文“None of your business!”可知，因为这件事并不关作者的事，所以男士质问作者“必须要参与进来吗？”。get involved (参与；介入)。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事情很快变得紧张起来，直到最后他跳下车。A. sharp锋利的；B. tense绷紧的、紧张的；C. illegal非法的；D. smooth平整的。根据下文“The huge man ___10___ me and bent me back over the hood (引擎盖) of his car.”可知，因为作者执意要为陌生人出头，所以插队的司机很生气，气氛变得紧张起来。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个身材魁梧的男人抓住我，把我向后弯到他的汽车引擎盖上。A. criticized批评；B. seized抓住；C. scratched刮伤；D. hugged拥抱。根据下文“bent me back over the hood (引擎盖) of his car”可知，魁梧的男士下车抓住了作者，并把他按在了汽车引擎盖上。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我吓坏了。A. disappointed失望的；B. mistaken错误的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. terrified害怕的。根据上文“The huge man ___10___ me and bent me back over the hood (引擎盖) of his car.”可知，魁梧的男士下车抓住了作者，并把他按在了汽车引擎盖上，这让作者感到害怕。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到我很沮丧，我的妻子和朋友问我发生了什么事。A. disabled残疾的；B. upset沮丧的；C. fallen落下的；D. drunken醉酒的。根据上文“I scrambled (跌跌撞撞) to my friend’s front door. ”可知，作者因为害怕而跑回了朋友家中，所以当时他的心情是沮丧的。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所能说的就是我为停车位的事吵了一架。A. competition比赛；B. bargain讨价还价；C. argument争论；D. assessment评估。根据上文语境可知，作者和插队的司机就停车位的问题发生了争执。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析句意：大约半小时后，门铃响了。A. doorbell门铃；B. alarm警报；C. telephone电话；D. music音乐。根据下文“I was sure the guy had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her.”和“I opened the door. ”可知，魁梧男人找上门来了，所以门铃响了，所以女主人去开门。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：从道义上讲，我应该自己去开门。A. informed通知；B. allowed允许；C. supposed所谓的；D. ashamed惭愧的。根据上文“I was sure the guy had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her.”可知，魁梧男人找上门来了，作者在女主人要去开门时站了出来，他觉得他应该去开门。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着恐惧走了半路。A. doubt怀疑；B. patience耐心；C. scare恐惧；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“I scrambled (跌跌撞撞) to my friend’s front door. ”可知，作者之前很害怕那个魁梧的司机，所以他去开门时感到很害怕。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他站在那里，高高耸立，却喃喃自语。A. towering高耸；B. trembling颤抖；C. leaning倾向；D. wandering徘徊。根据上文“The huge man ___10___ me and bent me back over the hood (引擎盖) of his car. ”可知，那个司机很魁梧，所以作者打开门后，看到他高高的站在那里。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：今天我被解雇了。A. laid off解雇；B. lifted up举起；C. cared for照顾；D. dealt with处理。根据下文“The Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. I’ve worked there for years.”可知，男士上班的地方倒闭了，所以他被解雇了。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起他回来所付出的努力和勇气。A. honesty诚实；B. courage勇气；C. energy能量；D. confidence信心。根据空前“the efforts”以及全文语境可知，插队的司机就前面的行为来道歉。作者认为这是需要努力和勇气的。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是处于最佳状态的人。A. cost成本；B. risk风险；C. leisure休闲；D. best最佳状态。根据上文“I think of the efforts and　19　 it took for him to come back.”可知，作者认为有能够鼓足勇气来道歉，这才是一个人的最佳状态。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bird-watching has been included in a public benefit program “Park Classes” in Wuhan schools. ____41____(bury) in books and having little access to the outside world, many students don’t have the ____42____(little) idea of what nature really is.
This program is designed ____43____(raise) the awareness of environmental protection among school kids, ____44____ often feel greatly refreshed by appreciating the grace of the adorable creatures through cameras.
Among the selective courses ____45____(be) the restoration of small and micro wetlands. As for this course, what ____46____(need) is a lot of hands-on practice. Under the ____47____(guide) of their teachers, students are required to conduct research on a 500-square-meter wetland in the city parks. Focusing their attention ____48____ the wetland’s physical condition, they have recorded the number of plant and animal species to create a restoration plan. Thanks to their efforts, the biodiversity of the wetland has been ____49____(significant) improved.
“It’s very meaningful,” said Li Chenliang, _____50_____ eighth grader from this project. “I have gained a lot of knowledge that cannot be directly got from books. I should make full use of the city’s ecological advantages and get more chances to get closer to nature.”
【答案】41. Buried
42. least 43. to raise
44. who 45. is
46. is needed
47. guidance
48. on 49. significantly
50. an
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报导了观鸟已被纳入武汉学校的公益项目“公园课堂”，既让学生们了解了自然，又有利于环境保护。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生埋头于书本，很少接触到外面的世界，对大自然的真实面目一无所知。分析句子可知，空处作句子的状语，bury和many students逻辑上是被动关系，应用bury的过去分词形式buried，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Buried。
【42题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：许多学生埋头于书本，很少接触到外面的世界，对大自然的真实面目一无所知。根据句意可知，此处用固定短语not have the least idea of…，意为“对……一无所知，完全不知道”，空处应用little的最高级形式least构成该短语。故填least。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语冠词。句意：该项目旨在提高在校学生的环境保护意识，他们经常通过镜头欣赏可爱生物的优雅，从而感到精力充沛。此处用固定短语be designed to do sth.，意为“旨在做……”，空处应用raise的不定式形式to raise。故填to raise。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该项目旨在提高在校学生的环境保护意识，他们经常通过镜头欣赏可爱生物的优雅，从而感到精力充沛。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词school kids进行补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在选修课中有小型和微型湿地的恢复。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，表示地点的介词短语Among the selective courses放在句首，引起句子完全倒装，主语是the restoration of small and micro wetlands，且句子在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，空处应用is。故填is。
【46题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：对于这门课程来说，所需要的是大量的动手实践。分析句子可知，空处作what引导的主语从句的谓语，句子在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，need和主语what之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，what作主语，be动词应用is。故填is needed。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：在老师的指导下，学生们需要在城市公园500平方米的湿地上进行研究。分析句子可知，空处被the限定，作Under的宾语，guide的名词形式guidance符合题意，是不可数名词，意为“指导”，构成固定短语under the guidance of…，意为“在……的指导下”。故填guidance。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们关注湿地的实际状况，记录了动植物物种的数量，以制定恢复计划。此处用固定短语focus one’s attention on…，意为“关注……”，空处应用介词on构成该短语。故填on。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：在他们的努力下，湿地的生物多样性得到了显著改善。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词improved，应用significant的副词形式significantly，意为“显著地”。故填significantly。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“这很有意义，”这个项目的一名八年级学生李晨亮说。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一名，一位”，应用不定冠词，且eighth以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Tuesday, the Students’ Union in our school advised that Senior Three students do something specially for their parents on their 18th birthdays. All the students are active in responding it and most of them have come up with their ideas. Some say this is meaningful to express their appreciations as well as love for their parents through a letter. Others prefer to cook a big meal to show that they’ve already been grown up.
As for me, I want to do up hair but wash feet for my parents. By doing that my parents have been doing for me I can really know how much they’ve devoted to bring me up. Being 18 years old meant that we should learn to be independent and that we should be responsible for us.
【答案】第一处：specially→special
第二处：responding后加to
第三处：this→it
第四处：appreciations→appreciation
第五处：去掉been
第六处：but→ and
第七处：that→what
第八处：bring→bringing
第九处：meant→means
第十处：us→ourselves
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了校学生会建议他们在18岁生日时为父母做一些特别的事情，同学们有各种各样的想法，而作者也有自己的想法。
【详解】第一处：考查形容词。句意：上周二，我们学校的学生会建议高三学生在他们18岁生日的时候为他们的父母做一些特别的事情。分析句子可知，修饰不定代词something应用形容词作后置定语。故将specially改为special。
第二处：考查介词。句意：所有的学生都积极回应，大多数人都提出了自己的想法。respond意为“回应”，是不及物动词，后接介词to，再接宾语。故在responding后加to。
第三处：考查固定句型。句意：有人说，通过一封信来表达他们对父母的感激和爱是有意义的。本句应使用固定句型“it is+形容词+to do”，表示“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。故将this改为it。
第四处：考查名词。句意：有人说，通过一封信来表达他们对父母的感激和爱是有意义的。名词appreciation意为“感激，感恩”，是不可数名词。故将appreciations改为appreciation。
第五处：考查动词。句意：另一些人则喜欢做一顿大餐来显示他们已经长大了。grow up是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。故去掉been。
第六处：考查连词。句意：至于我，我想为我的父母梳头和洗脚。分析句子可知，do up hair 和wash feet之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接两个动词短语。故将but改为and。
第七处：考查宾语从句。句意：通过做父母为我所做的一切，我才能真正知道他们为抚养我付出了多少。分析句子可知，my parents have been doing for me为名词性从句作doing的宾语，从句中doing缺少宾语，表示“所……的”，应用连接代词what作引导词。故将that改为what。
第八处：考查动名词。句意：通过做父母为我所做的一切，我才能真正知道他们为抚养我付出了多少。devote sth. to doing sth.为固定短语，to为介词，后面接动名词作宾语。故将bring改为bringing。
第九处：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：18岁意味着我们应该学会独立，我们应该对自己负责。本句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Being 18 years old为单个的动名词短语，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故将meant改为means。
第十处：考查代词。句意：18岁意味着我们应该学会独立，我们应该对自己负责。分析句子可知，此处“负责”这一行为的实施者和承受者相同，都是“我们”，应用反身代词ourselves作for的宾语。故将us改为 ourselves。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 今年4月22日是第54个“世界地球日”，主题是“众生的地球（Earth for All）”。你校围绕这一主题规划了一系列的活动。请你代表学生会为下周举行的植树活动写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1. 树木的重要性；
2. 植树的倡议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The 54th World Earth Day, with the theme of “Earth for All”, was observed on April 22nd this year. There are a series of activities centered around this in our school. To promote students’ awareness of protecting our earth and add green to our planet, I’m writing to call on everyone to participate in the tree planting activity to be held next Sunday.
As we all know, trees are powerful. A tree is a vacuum cleaner, because it can release oxygen and reduce harmful gases including carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by absorbing them, providing clean and fresh air for people to breathe. Meanwhile, a tree also serves as a pump. It absorbs water from the soil which will be converted into steam through leaves and evaporated as a sprayer and humid air. Besides, a tree is a natural fertilizer. When the leaves fall on the ground, they will gradually rot, and the rotten leaves are the nutrient sources of fertile soil.
From what I’ve stated above, it’s obvious that trees play a vital role in our daily life. It’s high time that we should take immediate action to plant more trees and add some green to our earth. I’m convinced that, with our joint efforts, our living conditions will get greatly improved.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生代表学生会为下周举行植树活动写一封倡议书，需阐述树木的重要性，并发出植树的倡议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
庆祝：observe→celebrate
一系列：a series of→a range of, a collection of
提高：promote→improve
呼吁某人做某事：call on sb. to do sth.→appeal to sb. to do sth.
明显的：obvious→apparent, clear
采取行动：take action→take measures, take steps
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The 54th World Earth Day, with the theme of “Earth for All”, was observed on April 22nd this year.
拓展句：The 54th World Earth Day, whose theme was “Earth for All”, was observed on April 22nd this year.
【点睛】[高分句型1] A tree is a vacuum cleaner, because it can release oxygen and reduce harmful gases including carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by absorbing them, providing clean and fresh air for people to breathe. (运用了从属连词because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] It absorbs water from the soil which will be converted into steam through leaves and evaporated as a sprayer and humid air. (运用了关系代词which引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词water)
[高分句型3] From what I’ve stated above, it’s obvious that trees play a vital role in our daily life. (运用了连接代词what引导名词性从句作From的宾语、连接词that引导名词性从句作真正的主语)
听力答案： 1-5 CBBAC 6- 10 CBBCB 11- 15 AACAC 16-20 CACBC