鲁教版八年级英语上册第四单元学案

这是一份鲁教版八年级英语上册第四单元学案，共21页。

Unit4 An old man tried to move the mountains.

1. 能认读并能背诵本单元单词；
2. 能熟记本单元重点短语和句型；
3. 巩固一般过去时，能学以致用；牢记状语从句引导词词义。

单词回顾
1、 射击____________（过去式________）2、 石头__________3、 虚弱的；无力的_____________
4、神；上帝_________5、提醒；使想起____________ 6、有点儿；稍微________________
7、 愚蠢的；不明事理的__________ 8、 代替；反而______________9、 变成_________________
10、物品；物体____________11、隐藏；隐蔽__________ 12、尾巴_________
13、有魔力的____________14、棍；条_________15、使激动_____________
16、西方的；欧美的_____________17、继姐__________
18、王子_____________19、爱上；喜欢上________________ 20、适合；合身________
21、微笑________22、夫妻；两人；两件事____________
23、结婚____________/________________ 24、金子；金色的_______25、皇帝____________
26、丝绸__________27、内衣______________ 28、没有人；小人物_____________
29、愚蠢的___________ 30、欺骗；骗子__________31、继母_________________
32、妻子_____________33、丈夫_____________34、全部的；整体的_____________
35、场景____________36、月光______________37、发光；照耀____________
（过去式__________）38、明亮的（地）________________39、地面______________
40、带路；领路___________（过去式_________）41、声音_______42、勇敢的_______



引导状语从句的连词unless, as soon as, so...that...的用法
状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常与主句用逗号分开，位于句末时，一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，方式状语从句，目的状语从句等。我们主要讲时间状语从句，结果状语从句和条件状语从句。
分类
引导词
例句
时间状语从句
when/while/as(当......时);
before(在......之前);
after(在......之后);
since(自从);
until/till(直到......);
as soon as(一......就......)
I was doing my homework when my mother came in.
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.
条件状语从句
if(如果);
as long as(只要);
unless(除非)
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go to the park.
Unless bad weather stops me, I go for a walk every day.
结果状语从句
so that(结果是);
so...that.../such...that...
(如此......以至于......)
It’s so hot outside that nobody wants to go out.
汉译英：
1. 在我从大学毕业之后，我成了一名教师。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. 我一到达北京就会给你打电话。
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. 除非你更努力地学习，否则你是赶不上他的。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. 她是一个如此善良的女孩以至于每个人都喜欢她。
_________________________________________________________________________________

Section A
1. How does the story begin?
【解析】begin → began → begun v 开始
→ beginning n 开始
at the beginning of 在......开始
【拓展】begin to do sth/ doing sth 开始做某事
【练习】汉译英
她开始向小组解释她的行动计划。
_______________________________________
2. A man told Yu Gong that he could never do it.
【辨析】speak/talk/say/tell
【解析1】say “讲，说”，强调说话内容
say to sb 对某人说（强调说的内容和结果）
It is said that... “据说......” 　　　　
【练习1】汉译英
(1) 请用英语讲它。
_________________________
(2) 跟任何人道别都是我最讨厌的事。
____________________________________________
(3) 据说他能在水下呆很长时间。
__________________________________________
【解析2】speak “说，讲”，其宾语常是某种语言
speak + 语言　　　　　　
speak to sb（注重说的对象，常常用于电话中）
【练习2】汉译英
(1) 我过去说法语。
_______________________
(2) 能让Tom接电话吗？
__________________________
【解析3】talk “谈论，谈话”，不及物动词
talk about/of 谈论......
talk to/with 和......交谈
【练习3】汉译英
(1) 他们正在谈论电影。
______________________
(2) 老师正在跟Mike谈话。
___________________________
【解析4】tell “讲，告诉，对......说”，作及物动词
tell the truth tell a lie tell the time tell a story
tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb.
tell sb. to do sth.
【扩展】tell：辨别，说出区别
tell A from B
【练习4】填空
(1)他们会给你讲故事并且你可以交朋友。
They can ________ ________ stories and you can ________ ________.
(2)说出A与B之间的区别。Tell the differences between A and B.
__________________________________
3. A man saw Yu Gong and his (children/family) when they were working on moving the mountains.
【解析】work on 忙于； 从事
【拓展】work 短语总结：work on 从事 work out 解决；算出
【练习】汉译英
(1) 他正在忙于一本新小说。
______________________________
(2) 我算出了这个数学问题。
________________________________
4. As soon as the man finished (talking/speaking) , Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.
【解析1】as soon as 一......就......（引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，即主将从现）
【练习1】填空
雨一停我们就回家。
We _____ ______ home as ______ as the rain ______.
【解析2】 continue doing sth = go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做同一件事)
continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续做某事(前后不是同一件事)
【练习2】填空
他想继续工作到六十岁。
She wants to continue ______ ______ she ______ 60.
5. This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.
【解析】remind 提醒；使想起
(1) remind of 提醒，使记起 (2) remind sb of sth 使某人记起某事
(3) remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事 (4) remind sb + that从句
【练习】填空
(1) 提醒我出去之前给艾伦打电话。
Remind me _______ phone Alan _______ I go out.
(2) 这股气味让我想起了法国。
The smell _______ me _______ France.
6. So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?
【解析】“你认为……怎么样？” What do you think about …? = What do you think of …? = How do you like …? （用来询问对方对某人或某事的看法和观点）
【练习】汉译英
你认为这个新电影怎么样？
__________________________
【扩展】think短语
短语
含义
接代词时位置
例句
think about
考虑、思考
代词放在其后
I’ll think about it and call you back soon.
think over
仔细思考
代词放在中间
I have to think it over carefully before I make a decision.
think of
想起；认为

I can’t think of his name right now.
7. Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem.
【解析1】a good way to do sth 一个做某事的好办法
【解析2】solve v 解决 → solution n 解决办法
【辨析】
(1)solve 常与problem搭配，表示“解决问题”，且问题难度大，这里的问题更有“麻烦”的含义。
(2)answer 常与question搭配，表示“回答问题”，问题难度小，更多指类似于“1+1=2”的具体学术问题。
【练习】
填空：轮到你回答我的问题了。
It’s your _______ to ______ my question.
汉译英：你能帮我解决这个麻烦吗？
____________________________________
8. Well, I still don’t agree with you.
【解析】agree v → (反) disagree → agreement n同意
(1) agree with sb 同意某人 (表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法)
(2) agree on 主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议
(3) agree to do sth 同意做某事
【练习】填空
(1) 我同意你。
I ________ ________ you.
(2) 我们认同这个价格。
We ________ ________ the price.
(3) 他同意跟我们一起去。
He ________ ________ go with us.

9. I think we should try to find other ways to solve a problem.
【解析】⑴ another “另一个； 另外的” , 泛指三种或三种以上的另一个。
⑵ others “另一些” , 和some对比使用时，无“其他”之意。另：others=other+n
⑶ the others “其余的” , 指在一个范围内的其他全部。
⑷ the other “另一个” , 指两者中的另一个。

【练习】填空
(1) 这件衬衫太小了，请给我看看另一件。
This shirt is too small, please show me ___________ ________.
(2) 一些学生正在唱歌；一些学生正在跳舞。
Some students are singing; _________ are dancing.
=Some students are singing; _________ _________ are dancing.
(3) 丽莎比我们班上的其他学生都高。
Lisa is ________ than ________ ________ in our class.
(4) 我有两个姐姐，一个是老师，一个是医生。
I have two sisters, ________ is a teacher, _________ _________ is a doctor.
10. It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain.
【解析】seem 似乎，好像
(1) seem+adj/n (2)seem to do
(3)seem to be + adj.(说明主语的特征或状态) (4)It seems + that 从句
【练习】填空
(1) 格林先生似乎很开心。
Mr. Green seemed to _________ quite happy.=Mr. Green ________ ________ happy.
(2) 他似乎是一个诚实的男人。
He seems __________ __________ man.
(3) 似乎他在撒谎。
It seemed that he __________ __________.
11. But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains?
【解析】instead of 代替；反而
(1) instead 副词，“代替” 放在句末，或者放在句首用逗号隔开。
(2) instead of +n/doing/代词 “代替，而不是”，放在句中。
【练习】填空
(1) 我代替杰克去。
I’ll go __________ ___________ Jack.
(2) 现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。
Now I can _________ to work __________ __________ _________ by car.
(3) 咱们还是待在家里吧。
Let's stay at home __________.
12. You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you is wrong.
【解析】neither 两者都不；反义词：both两者都
“neither of +名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
neither… nor … “既不......也不......”，连接两个词做主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则。
若要表达“......也不......”，则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助/ V情 + 主”。
【练习】汉译英
我和她都不知道他的名字。
______________________________
填空
—我没完成作业。
—我也没完成。
—I didn't finish my homework.
—________ ________ I.
13. In November 1979, pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey.
【解析1】be able to “能够”，后接动词原形，强调通过努力而获得的能力，用于各种时态。
can “能，会”，强调自身的能力，只有一般现在时或一般过去时。
【练习1】填空
(1) 昨晚我能帮你，但是你没来。
I ________ help you last night, but you ________ come.
(2) 他明天能帮你。
He _______ _______ _______ _______ help you tomorrow.
【解析2】called “被称为”，后面常加名词作后置定语 called=named=with the name of叫做
【练习2】填空
你认识一个叫哈利的男孩吗？
Do you know a boy __________ _________?
14. But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person.
【解析】 turn … into … 把……变成……；把……译成……
turn on 打开 turn off 关掉（煤气，水，电，收音机，电视机等）
turn down 关小　　turn up 调高
turn to 翻到（第几页）；转向（某人）
It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事     
【练习】汉译英
(1) 请翻到第十页。
____________________
(2) 该你看医生了。
______________________________
15. Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.
【解析1】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
口诀：分开是一段，合起是某时；分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时。
(1) some time 一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.
(2) sometime adv. 在某个时候
(3) some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍”
(4) sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词）
【练习1】填空
(1) 开车回家花费了我一些时间。
It took me some _________ _________ _________ to home.
(2) 格林先生上个夏天去了几次三亚。
Mr. Green _________ to Sanya __________ __________ last summer.
【解析2】so… that… “如此......以致......”，引导结果状语从句
【练习2】填空
(1) 他跑的如此快以至于我不能抓住他。
He ran _____ fast that I ________ ________ him.
(2) 他如此生气以至于他不能说一个字。
He _____ so _________ _________ _________ couldn’t say a word.
16. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up.
【解析】(1) as soon as “一......就......”，引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则。
(2) come out ①出版；发行 ②开花；出来；出现；披露
(3) more than = over 超过；多于 反义词：less than 少于
【练习】汉译英
(1) 这个新书什么时候出版？
______________________________
(2) 雨一停我们就回家。
___________________________________
填空
(1) 一些花朵在早春开始开花。
Some flowers ________ to ________ ________ ________ early spring.
(2) 超过500个学生不喜欢穿校服。
More than five _________ students ________ ________ ________ school uniforms.



Section B
1. Gretel heard this, and Hansel made a plan to save himself and his sister.
【解析】 make a plan to do sth 制定计划去做某事 make a plan for sth 为了某事而制定计划
【拓展】①plan v → planning → planned ②n 计划
plan to do sth 计划做某事 = plan on doing sth
【练习】
(1) 为了期末考试做计划是必要的。
______ a plan ______ the final examination ______ necessary.
(2) 我们昨天打算走路回家。
We ________ ______ walk to home yesterday.
2. Did you hear our stepmother planning to kill us?
【解析】hear sb. doing sth 听到某人正在做某事
hear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事，表示听到的全过程
be heard to do sth 被听到做某事
【练习】填空
他昨天被听到练习英语口语。
He ______ heard to practice ________ ________ yesterday.
3. It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread , cake and sugar.
【解析1】lead 带路；领路
lead to 导致......，通向...... lead sb. to do sth 带领某人做某事
【解析2】be made of 由......制成（看得出原材料）
be made from 由......制成（看不出原材料）
【拓展】make →made→ made v 制作，做
(1) make v制作，做
make sentence 造句 make noise 制作噪音 make a mistake 犯错
make money 赚钱 make friends with 与……交朋友
(2) make v使役动词： 迫使，导致，让
①make sb do sth 让某人做某事 make sb laugh 使某人发笑
②make sb/sth + adj. 使某人、某物处于某种状态 ③be made to do sth 被迫做某事
【练习】填空
(1) 雨天经常让我悲伤。
Rainy days often ________ me ________.
(2) 条条大路通罗马。
All roads _________ _________ Rome.
(3) 老师带领我们努力学习。
The teachers _________ _________ _________ study hard.
(4) 这个男孩被迫站在教室外十分钟。
The boy _____ made _____ stand out of the classroom _____ ten minutes.
4. The next day , the wife sent the children to the forest.
【解析】send sb. to +地点 将某人送到某地 send→ sent → sent v 发送
【短语】send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出
send out 分发 send up 发射 send sb sth = send sth to sb 送给某人某物
【练习】填空
这家俱乐部将会寄给我一个免费礼物。
The club ________ ________ ________ a free gift.

Have you ever heard of The Legend of White Snake? It is a very famous traditional Chinese story. 1.       It has a connection (联系) to the Dragon Boat Festival.
Once upon a time, there lived two snakes, White Snake and Green Snake. They had magical power and became two beautiful young ladies. At the West Lake of Hangzhou, they met a men named Xu Xian. White Snake quickly fell in love with him. 2.      
The Dragon Boat Festival came. In those days, people drink realgar wine (雄黄酒). 3.       If she drank the wine, she would turn into the snake again.
Xu Xian didn't know this. So he asked his wife to drink realgar wine. Soon White Snake became very ill and went into her room. When Xu Xian entered the room, he couldn't find his wife. 4.       He was frightened to death. Later, White Snake recovered (恢复). In order to save her husband, she went to steal a magical herb (药草) from a god. In the end, the god was moved by her true love and save Xu Xian.
根据短文内容，从方框内的选项中能填入空白处的最佳 选项（有一项多余）。
A. They got married soon.
B. Xu Xian ran outside to ask someone to save his wife.
C. He saw a huge white snake on the bed.
D. It is a love story between the White Snake and Xu Xian.
E. But it was dangerous for White Snake. 

Not long ago, there was a story in Russia about ZHUOYA and SHULA. They were sister and brother. They were in 1 same class of a middle school. They studied hard. They were 2 strict 3 themselves. Their homework was given the day before. SHULA was clever. He had done his homework earlier. But ZHUOYA hadn’t yet. The next afternoon she went on doing hers.
SHULA thought his sister maybe couldn’t finish some of the exercises. So he put his exercise-book with answers on his sister’s desk before ZHUOYA came in the classroom, and went out quietly to play. A few minutes later, ZHUOYA came in and saw her brother’s exercise-book on her desk. But she had never looked at it all. She sat on her seat, thinking and thinking. Five minutes, ten minutes, half an hour had 4 . An hour and a half 5 , she worked out all problems at last and handed it in on time that afternoon. How happy she was!
“Why not copy my key down in 6 , sister?” asked SHULA with a smile. “No, I didn’t. I must use my head and try my 7 to 8 all by myself. I’m sure, I can 9 a way. I don’t like to be lazy in 10 homework,” answered ZHUOYA.
(　 ) 1. A. a　　　　　　 B. an　　　　　 　C. the　　　　　　 D. /
(　 ) 2. A. both　　　　　 B. either　　　　　 C. neither　　　　 D. all
(　 ) 3. A. on　　　　　　 B. with　　　　　 C. in　　　　　　 D. at
(　 ) 4. A. past　　　　　 B. pass　　　　　 C. passed　　　　 D. pasted
(　 ) 5. A. later　　　　　 B. late　　　　　 C. latterly　　　　 D. lately
(　 ) 6. A. you　　　　　 B. yours　　　　 C. your　　　　　 D. mine
(　 ) 7. A. good　　　　　 B. better　　　　 C. best　　　　　 D. well
(　 ) 8. A. work them out　 B. work out them　 C. work them off　 D. work off them
(　 ) 9. A. look for　　　 B. find　　　　　 C. found　　　　 D. looked for
(　 ) 10. A. doing　　　　 B. to do　　　　　 C. done　　　　　 D. do



请大家反思总结本单元所学重点语法：
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



一、单选题
1.— The radio ______ that there will be another heavy rain in Guangdong.
— Too bad. It has rained for the whole week.
A. tells B. talks C. says D. speaks
2.Our teacher often tells us _____ in the river. It’s dangerous.
A. don’t swim B. not swim C. not to swim D. not swimming
3.--- Do you often go to the gym? --- No, ______. I don’t like sports at all.
A. always B. never C. sometimes D. usually
4.— Could I borrow your computer, Bob? — Sorry, I am ______it.
A. taking out B. turning on C. working on
5.The builders are working ______ building a great building although it’s so hot today.
A. on B. to C. as D. out
6.I’ll go to visit my aunt in England ______ the summer holidays start.
A. while B. since C. until D. as soon as
7.—What smells terrible? —Sorry, I’ll ______ my shoes and wash them at once.
A. put away B. take away C. move away D. get away
8.Action movies ___me of Jackie Chan.
A. remind B. think C. hear D. miss
9.I won't watch basketball matches ______ James is playing. He pays much attention to teamwork.
A. unless B. if C. although D. since
二、完形填空
An interesting thing happened to me last Sunday. The weather was so fine that I decided to 21 in the country. On my way home, my car stopped. It ran out of gasoline(汽油). I decided to walk along the road until I found someone who could sell me some gasoline. I had walked a long way before I found a big 22 near the road. I was 23 to see it because it was getting dark. I knocked at the door and an old lady came out. She said, “I’ve been waiting for you for a long time. Come in, please. I got 24 ready for you.” I was very surprised.
“Oh, Tony! You used to love tea.”
I told her my car ran out of gasoline, 25 she didn’t seem to hear me. She was talking so strangely that I wanted to 26. As soon as she went to get the tea, I went out of the house as quickly as possible.
I was so happy when I saw 27 house by the road. When I told the man about the old lady, he said, “Oh, that’s Helen. She lives by 28 in that big house. She’s strange, but she wouldn’t hurt anyone. She is still 29 for the man whom she was going to marry 25 years ago. The man was named Tony. The day before they got married, he went away and 30 came back.”
( )21.A.walk B. drive C. run D. ride
( )22.A.house B. tree C. hospital D. car
( )23.A.sad B. angry C. happy D. surprised
( )24.A.coffee B. milk C. water D. tea
( )25.A.and B. or C. but D. so
( )26.A.stay B. leave C. sit down D. have a rest
( )27.A.others B. the other C. other D. another
( )28.A.themselves B. myself C. herself D. himself
( )29.A.keeping B. talking C. working D. waiting
( )30.A.never B. usually C. often D. sometimes
三、词汇填空
1. Li Yundi ______________(begin) to play the piano at the age of 4.
2. Let’s continue____________(read) the text.
3. Many students hope to continue ____________ (study) after _______(finish) school.
4. Don’t worry, I’ll remind you_________(get) up early.
5. That’s the girl named/called Lily.= That’s the girl _________ _________ _________ Lily.
6. I like to listen to the song _________(call) Yu Gong Moves a Mountain.
7. We are ___________ about the ____________news. (excite)
8. — Do you agree with him? — No, I ___________ (agree) with him.
9. She wants to finish a job in ____________China. (east)
10.The students are _____________in these _______________books.( interest)