鲁教版八年级英语上册第七单元学案

这是一份鲁教版八年级英语上册第七单元学案，共11页。

 Unit 7 Have you ever been to a museum?

1. 记住重点单词、词组用法，学以致用；
2. 句型、语法分析，准确理解运用现在完成时。

词汇填空
1. I can’t ____________ (忍受) the show because it’s _____________ (bore).
2. Watching sitcoms is a great way _________ (relax). You can learn some great _________ (笑话).
3. Some news is also ____________________ (有教育意义的).
4. I can’t guess what ________________ (发生) next.

现在完成时
1. 含有be动词的现在完成时的基本句式：
（1） 肯定句：主语+have/has+been+其他.
Tom has been abroad for a week.
（2） 否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+been+其他.
Tom ________ been abroad.
（3） 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+其他?
Has Tom been abroad? Yes, _______ _______. No, _______ ________.
（4） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+have/has+主语+been+其他?
How long has Tina been here?
2. 用法：动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在，可以和never, ever, once, twice, three times等副词（短语）连用。
I have never( ) been there.
Have you ever( ) been to Singapore?
3. 辨析
have/has been to + 地点名词
某人曾经去过某地
现在已经回来了，不在那里了
have/has gone to + 地点名词
某人去了某地
现在还没回来，可能在途中或目的地
翻译：他去过上海。___________________________________
她去上海了。___________________________________
4. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
（1）现在完成时是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。
I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）
（2） 一般过去时常与表示过去的具体的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last year, ...ago, just now。
现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时的时间状语有：ever, never, just, yet,
in the past/last few years, recently, so far等。
改错：Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.____________________________________
【练习】
(1) —How many times ____ Carl ____ to the Great Wall? —Only once.
A. does; go B. did; go C. has; gone D. has; been
(2) —Ben and Sue aren’t home, are they? —No. They _____ to London on business.
A. have gone B. go C. have been D. will go


Section A
1. Have you ever been to a science museum?
【解析】ever 副词 意为“曾经”，常与现在完成时连用，位于助动词之后、过去分词之前。
【注意】ever 反义词为never，意思是：从未，未曾。
当 ever 用于疑问句时，其答语中不用ever，若是否定回答则用never。
【拓展】hardly ever 几乎从不 表示否定意义 We hardly ever go out.

2. Me neither.
【解析】常用于口语中，表示前面所表达的否定情况同样也适合于自己。
Me neither. 与 Me too. 相对。 Me too. 表肯定 Me neither. 表否定
3. Let’s go to one tomorrow.
【解析】Let’s... 意为“让我们...”
【辨析1】
Let’s
“让我们...”
表示向对方提建议，包括说话方和听话方在内，其附加问句是shall we
Let us
“让我们...”
不包括听话方在内，具有请求允许的意味，其附加问句是will you
Let’s go fishing, shall we?
Let us go, will you?
【辨析2】one, that, it
1. one 意为“一个人或物”，代替前面提到的同类人或物中的一个。one代替可数名词单数，复数形式为ones。
—That boy is my brother.
—Which one?
—The one on a bike.
2. that 与所指名词同类，但不是同一个；既可代替上文提到的事物，也可代替不可数名词。
The population of China is much larger than that of America.
3. it 用于指代前面提到过的名词，即同名同物。
-- —Do you like the game? —Yes, I like it.
【练习】There are enough cups for each visitor to have _______.
A. one B. it C. this D. that
4. amusement park
【解析】amusement 名词，意为“娱乐，游戏”
【拓展】amusement 名词，还可意为“开心，好笑的感觉，乐趣”
amuse 及物动词，意为“给...提供娱乐”
amusing 形容词，意为“好笑的，有趣的”
【练习】
(1) He made funny faces to _________ the children.（他做鬼脸逗孩子开心。）
(2) I find his jokes _________.（我觉得他的笑话很好笑）
(3) There are lots of ___________（娱乐活动）in a big city---plays, films and so on.
(4) To everyone’s _____________,（令大家感到好笑的是）the actor fell off the stage on purpose.
5. John has never been to the space museum.
【解析】never 频度副词，意为“决不，从不，从未”
（1）never 通常置于实意动词之前，连系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后
I never get up early on Sunday morning.
（2）有时置于句中特定词/短语之前，以强调其否定意味。
They spoke never a word to each other.
（3）never 可以置于祈使句前。
Never eat too much.
【练习】—How often do you go skating? —__________. I can’t skate at all.
A. Always B. Sometimes C. Seldom D. Never
6. It’s really interesting, isn’t it?
【解析1】反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。
【解析2】当陈述句中有否定词few, little, never, no, nobody, hardly, seldom等时，其后的疑问部分用肯定。
【解析3】陈述部分为there be 句型时，疑问部分的主语应用there。
【练习】
(1) He is a driver, _______ _______?
(2) Your elder sister didn’t help him, ________ ________?
(3) He can hardly swim,_________ _________?
(4) We have little water, ________ _________?
(5) There are some apples in the basket, _________ _________?
7. It’s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!
【解析】unbelievable 形容词，意为“难以置信的；不真实的”
【拓展1】un- 表示“不，未，无，相反，解除”之意，故un-形容词→否定意义的形容词
known（出名的）→unknown （无名的，不为人所知的）
tidy （ ）→untidy （ ）
kind （ ）→ unkind （ ）
happy（ ）→unhappy （ ）
usual （ ）→ unusual （ ）
【拓展2】progress 用作不可数名词，意为“进步” make progress (in...) （在...方面）取得进步；rapid 形容词，意为“迅速的，快速的”，副词形式 rapidly。
【练习】
(1) He is driving at a __________ speed.他正在快速驾驶。
(2) Our country is developing __________.我们国家正在飞速发展。
8. I’ve finally realized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and collecting tea sets.
【解析】含有宾语从句的主从复合句，当宾语从句为疑问句时，要用陈述语序。
Could you tell me how he came here?
【练习】—Could you tell me ________ the Space Museum?
—Sure, next Monday.
A. when we visited B. when did me visit C. when we will visit D. when will we visit
9. There are some special German paintings there right now.
【解析】German 形容词，意为“德国的” 还可意为“德国人的，德语的”
【拓展】German 可数名词，意为“德国人”，复数形式 Germans
German 不可数名词，意为“德语”
Germany 名词，意为“德国”
10. There are many exciting rides...
【解析】ride 名词，短途旅程，主要指乘车或骑车等。
It’s a train ride through beautiful countryside.
It’s a ten-minute bus ride from here to town.
Section B
1. For thousands of tourists from China, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday.
【解析】thousands of 数以千计的；许许多多的
【练习】

(1) There are six ___________(六千) students in our school.
(2) ___________ ______ (数以千计的) birds are flying to the south.
2. On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time. On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country, so it’s also a good place to practice your English.
【解析1】on (the) one hand...on the other hand... 意为“一方面...另一方面...”
【解析2】three quarters 四分之三 分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于一，分母用复数；分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与其后面的名词的数保持一致。
【练习】
(1) 四分之一________________ 三分之二__________________
(2) One fifth of the water _______(be) dirty.
(3) Three fifths of the students in our class________(be) girls.
(4) ______ of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.
A. Fifth two B. Two fifth C. Fifth second D. Two fifths

完形填空
One day, a poor boy named Howard Kelly was trying to sell things door to door. He was 1.______so he decided to beg for (乞讨) a meal at the next house.
However, he was too nervous when a lovely young woman opened the door. He asked for a drink of water 2.______ a meal. She thought he was hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. 
He 3.______ it slowly, and then asked, "How much do I owe (欠) you?"
"You owe me 4.______." She answered, "Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a 
kindness." The boy was thankful to her for her kindness and then left.
Years later the woman became very 5.______. She was sent to a hospital in the big city. The poor
boy now was a famous 6.______. When he heard the name of the town she came from, he went 
down through the hospital hall into her room at once. He recognized 
(认出) her at once. He decided to save her 7.______ no matter how hard it was.
   8.______ the woman felt much better. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final 
bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. Then the bill 9.______ to her. 
She was afraid to open it 10._______ she was afraid that it would take the rest of her life to pay it
off. Finally she looked and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: "Paid in full with a glass of milk." 
(  ) 1.
A. tired
B. sad
 
C. thirsty
D.hungry
(  ) 2.
A. with
B. without
 
C. instead of
D. of
(  ) 3.
A. eats
B. ate
 
C. drinks
D.drank
(  ) 4.
A. everything
B. nothing
 
C.anything
D.something
(  ) 5.
A.ill
B. healthy
 
C.well
D. fine
(  ) 6.
A. teacher
B. professor
 
C. doctor
D. nurse
(  ) 7.
A. body
B. life
 
C. live
D. illness
(  ) 8.
A. In the end
B.By the end
 
C. At the end
D. End up
(  ) 9.
A.gave
B. was given
 
C. passed
D.was past
(  ) 10.
A. since
B. as soon as
 
C. so
D. because

阅读理解
    My brother, John, is a college student. Last year he went to Italy and stayed for two months. I was surprised that John was able to have such a long holiday, because he never had any money.
    “How did you manage it, John?” I asked. “I thought you were going to stay for two weeks.”
    “It was easy,” John answered. “I got a job.”
    “A job?” I asked in surprise. “What did you do?”
    “I gave English lessons to a shop manager,” John answered.
    “His name is Luigi. We have become good friends.”
    “But you're not a teacher,” I said.
    “I told Luigi I couldn't teach,” John explained. “But he insisted on having conversation (会话) lessons. He wanted to practice his English. He had a lot of American customers, so it was important for him to speak English. I spent three hours a day talking to him. In return he gave me a room, three meals a day and a little pocket of money.”
    “Did your pupil learn much English?” I asked.
    “I don't know,” John said, “but I learnt a lot of Italian.”
( ) 1. The writer was surprised that John was able to stay in Italy for_____________.
A. a week B. two months C. two weeks D. two years
( ) 2. John was able to have a long holiday in Italy because _____________.
A. he was a shop manager
B. he had a lot of money
C. he taught a shop manager to learn English
D. he worked in a shop as an assistant
( ) 3. John's pupil was_____________.
A. an American B. an Englishman C. a Chinese D. an Italian
( ) 4. How long did John spend talking to his pupil every day?
A. Two hours. B. Twenty minutes. C. Three hours. D. Thirty minutes.
( ) 5. Why did the shop manager ask John to teach him English? Because _____________.
A. he was an Italian
B. he liked English very much
C. he was a shop manager
D. he had many American customers

综合填空
for example, in fact, take, another, but, walk, park, attraction
Most of us have heard of Mickey Mouse Donald Duck and many other famous Disney characters. But have you ever been to Disneyland? 1________, there are now four different Disneyland amusement 2________ around the world. Two are in the United States, one is in Japan, and 3_________is in France.
Disneyland is an amusement park,4_________ we can also call it a theme park. It has all the normal attractions that you can find at an amusement park, but it also has a theme. The theme, of course, is Disney movies and Disney characters. 5__________, you can find a roller coaster in most amusement parks, but in Disneyland, the roller coaster is themed with Disney characters. And you can see Disney characters 6_________ around Disneyland all the time!
Have you ever heard of Disney Cruise? These are huge boats that also have Disney theme. You can 7__________ a ride on the boat for several days, and you can sleep and eat on board. There are also many 8__________ on board, just like any other Disneyland. You can shop, go to Disney parties, and eat dinner with Mickey Mouse! The boat rides all take different routes, but they all end up in the same place. That is Disney's own island.
1_______ 2_______ 3_______ 4_______
5_______ 6_______ 7_______ 8_______

请大家反思总结本单元所学重点语法：
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


一、单项选择
( ) 1. —Where is your father, Tom?
—He __________ to Changsha.
A. goes B. has been C. has gone D. went
( ) 2. —Have you ever been to Shanghai?
—Yes, I _________ there a few months ago.
A. have been B. went C. have gone D. will go
( ) 3. I ________ to Hainan twice. It’s beautiful.
A. will go B. have gone C. have been D. went
( ) 4. —________ to the United States?
—No, never, but I went to Canada last year.
A. Have you been B. Have you gone C. Did you go D. Will you go
( ) 5. —You haven’t been to the West Lake, have you?
—______. But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation.
A. No, I haven’t B. No, I didn’t C. Yes, I have D. Yes, I did
二、根据括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The beach is a good place _________ (relax).
2. In our class, three _________(quarter) of the students are boys.
3. Do you fear _________(watch) thrillers when you are alone?
4. I like listening to ________ (India) songs, because they sound very beautiful.
5. That baby is __________(wake); even though no one looks after him, he doesn’t cry.
三、综合填空
though   interest   visit   we   daytime   at   smile   quick   ticket   save
The London Eye is a tourist attraction in London，the UK．There you can get into a capsule（密封舱） to enjoy a great view of the city of London．
I（1）__________ the London Eye last summer with a friend．My friend didn't know where we were going．I just told him we would go somewhere very special．As we arrived（2）__________ Waterloo Station，he had worked out where we were going．He（3）__________ happily．When we reached the London Eye，there was a very long waiting line，so in order to（4）__________time，he stayed in the line while I went to buy the（5）____________．
The capsule doesn't completely stop when people get on，so you have to get into it（6）__________．Then the door of the capsule shuts．The view was wonderful．We took many photos of the view and of（7）___________．It took about half an hour for the capsule to go around．
If you are（8）___________ in going there，I'd like to give you some advice．To enjoy the view，go in the（9）____________．There are night rides，but you won't see a lot．Sometimes the top of the wheel can be quite cool even（10）___________ it's sunny．So ladies，don't forget to take a scarf．