2024舟山中学高二上学期10月月考试题英语含解析

这是一份2024舟山中学高二上学期10月月考试题英语含解析，共34页。

舟山中学高二第一学期第一次英语素养测评
注意事项：
1．本卷满分150分，考试时间100分钟;
2．答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第I卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the boy do on Saturday?
A. Take an exam. B.Play outside. C.Study hard.
2. What did the woman leave behind?
A.Her purse. B.Her keys. C.Her bag.
3.Where will the speakers meet?
A.At a bar. B. On a bridge. C. In a house.
4.When wil1 the speakers arrive?
A.At about 1:30. B. At about 2:00. C.At about 2:30.
5.What are the speakers talking about?
A.A football game. B.A new film. C.A weekend plan.
第二节：(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the woman think of the match?
A.Exciting B. Discouraging. C.Boring.
7.What dothe speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?
A. Watch a game. B.Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema.
听第7段材料，回答8至10题
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B.Brother and sister. C.Teacher and student.
9.How does the man sound?
A.Uninterested. B.Delighted. C.Annoyed.
10. Why is the man interested in space travel?
A He enjoys studying physics. B. He wants to be an astronaut. C. He likes science fiction movies.
听第8段材料，回答11至13题
11What color are the jeans Jennifer Fox ordered?
A. Light blue. B. Dark blue. C.Light dark.
12. What does the man ask Jennifer Fox to do?
A. Deliver the jeans back. B. Contact the salesperson. C.Check the order number.
13. What will the man confirm?
A. The delivery information, B. The original price. C. The discount.
听第9段材料，回答14至17题
14.Why can’t the man stay focused?
A.He has too many things to deal with. B. He has a difficult decision to make. C. He has a quarreI with his girlfriend.
15.When should the man reply to the company?
A.By the end of the week. B. By the end of the month. C.By the beginning of next month.
16.What is part of the man’s problem?
A.His girlfriend doesn’t support his decision.
B.He lacks the money for his doctoral program.
C. His parents and adviser have different opinions.
17. Why doesn’t the man’s girlfriend agree to get married now?
A.She hasn’t graduated yet. B. They haven’t started their careers yet. C. They haven’t won their parents’ approval
听第10段材料，回答18至20题
18.How did Ted connect with his students?
A.By playing chess with them. B. By dealing with their struggles. C.By helping with their homework.
19. What are dozens of students going to do this week?
A. Join the school’s chess team. B.Visit a chess team in Nashville. C. Participate in a national chess competition.
20.What lesson have the students learned from Ted?
A.Actions speak louder than words. B. Think twice before taking action. C.Take action before it gets too late.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Visit Iceland — A Space-like Odyssey (奇幻历险)
With all of its unique experiences, a trip to Iceland will take your breath away. Iceland is truly an outdoor enthusiast’s paradise. If you are planning to visit Iceland, choose one from the handpicked tour operators.
ELDHESTAR-Volcano horse-riding
At Eldhestar we develop activities to combine pleasure, comfort and adventure in a way of respecting nature. We offer various riding tours all year round. For experienced riders, the adventure of 6-7 days on horseback in the Icelandic highlands is highly recommended.
CONTACT: 480-4800; info@eldhestar.com; www.eldhestar.is
ADVENTURE VIKINGS
Just join our great selection of scheduled day tours available all year round! We provide diverse adventures from easy hiking to extreme sports and we can even plan a customized adventure for you. We are also the first to offer surfing school for beginners in Iceland.
CONTACT: 571-2900; info@adventurevikings.com; www.adventurevikings.is
EXTREME ICELANDIC ADVENTURES
We are a tour operator, with a focus on tours and adventures in the north of Iceland. If you want to explore Iceland by hiking, snowmobiling, driving super jeeps or parachuting (跳伞), send us an email and we fix what you need.
INTO THE GLACIER
Join Into the Glacier for an adventure that will lead you to the untouched beauty and raw nature of Langjokull, Iceland’s second largest glacier It’s an opportunity of a lifetime as we journey up the white slopes and go deep inside the man-made ice tunnels.
CONTACT: 578-2550; info@intotheglacier.com; www.intotheglacier.is
There is always an adventure waiting to happen in Iceland. Click here and look for more things to do in Iceland!
1. Which number would you dial if you want to try water sports in Iceland?
A. 862-7988. B. 578-2550. C. 571-2900. D. 480-4800.
2 What do the travel operators have in common?
A They best suit outdoor lovers. B. They are located in northern Iceland.
C. They provide services all year round. D. They offer extreme sports experiences.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A travel journal. B. An academic article.
C. A travel website. D. A geography magazine.
B
Family vlogging — the frequent recording and uploading of personal videos of the family, usually on video sharing website — has become big business nowadays, especially among parents of young children. The more viewers such videos can get, the more money the family can make. At first thought, it does seem like an easy way to make money. However, are we doing right by putting their lives up for public attention?
For one thing, as the children grow up, they increasingly become aware that what they do needs to be admirable enough for the public to enjoy — Being young children, they also would want to do whatever it takes to please others. They then feel the pressure to be perfect, and as that is something not always possible, they become anxious and stressed. Comments from viewers and the expectations of sponsors (赞助者) can also affect the parents’ reactions towards their children.
Another problem is the lack of privacy in the children’s lives. As the children reach adolescence, there is a greaser need for personal space. At 12 or 13, very few children would appreciate being filmed while eating or having a conversation with their friends. Teenhood is a time of significant change in an individual, both physically and emotionally, and is a time when parents need to protect their children and guide them, instead of exposing them to the eyes of the public.
Family vlogging can be irresistible, given how it allows parents to bring greater fun to their family lives. There is also the easy money and the fame to look forward to. Indeed, all would probably go well, but only as long as parents keep in mind that, if not managed well, making their children live their lives in the unforgiving eyes of the public could prove to be a big mistake.
4. How does vlogging about children’s lives influence the family?
A. Children will get used to public attention.
B. Children may suffer from too much pressure.
C. Parents may show no concern for their children.
D. Parents become addicted to exposing their children to the public.
5. How does the writer mainly develop his argument?
A. By providing examples B. By listing numbers
C. By making comparisons D. By analyzing causes
6. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To introduce a new big business
B. To show how vlogging influence people’s lives.
C. To persuade parents to watch out for comments from viewers.
D. To convince parents of the danger of vlogging about children’s lives.
7. What’s the writer’s attitude to vlogging about children’s lives?
A. negative B. positive C. neutral D. uninterested
C
You’ve probably eaten a hot dog and felt like the underdog — but have you ever spotted a sundog?
A sundog is a weather event that causes two bright bursts of rainbow colored light to appear on either side of the sun. It is located approximately 22 degrees either left, right, or both, from the sun, depending on where the ice crystals (冰晶体) are. If the sun were a clock, you would see them around 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock. Sometimes sundogs appear with a halo (光环) around the sun. They can be very beautiful, with a reddish glow closest to the sun and a bluish white center. Sundogs can be seen during any season but are most often seen during the winter months when the sun is lower in the sky. You are also more likely to see them early or late in the day, when the sun is near the horizon (地平线).The most brilliant sundogs happen on sunny days.
Conditions need to be just right for sundogs to appear. Sunlight passes through high, cold cirrus clouds (卷云). These clouds contain flat, 6-sided ice crystals. If the plate-like crystals go toward the ground horizontally with the large face towards the earth, light is reflected through the sides. The crystals act as prisms (棱镜), separating the light and making the sundog.
Throughout history, sundogs have been used to predict weather because they often indicate that snow or rain is on its way. Some people believed that sundogs were a sign of good luck or encouragement, while others saw them as a warning from God.
Famous authors such as William Shakespeare and Jack London have described sundogs in stories and poems as both frightening and amazing. Artists have been inspired to catch the beauty of sundogs in drawings, paintings, and photography, and rock bands have even written songs about them.
8. What can we learn about sundogs from the second paragraph?
A. Sundogs can be used to tell the time. B. Sundogs are most common in winter.
C. Sundogs always come after a rainbow. D. Sundogs predict the coming of sunny days.
9. In which situation will sundogs come into being?
A. The clouds separate the sunlight.
B. The plate turns its face towards the earth.
C. The crystals go toward the ground horizontally.
D Ice crystals are positioned with their flat sides horizontal to the ground.
10. Why do people use sundogs to predict weather?
A. Because people think they stand for bad luck B. Because sundogs are beyond their recognition.
C. Because a rain or snow often comes after them. D. Because people consider it as a warning from God.
11. Why does the author mention Shakespeare and Jack London?
A. To prove sundogs are magical events.
B. To show sundogs have long attracted great attention.
C. To encourage writers to describe sundogs in their works.
D. To remind people that they are good at writing stories and poems
D
Humans have many unique behaviors among animals. For example, we have a formal language that permits communication about things that exist in the past, present, and future. Yet we share at least one emotion with many other species fear.
To really understand our fears we have to go further to study how animals long before humans came into being assessed (评估) and managed predation (捕食) risk in the wild. All animals, past and present, must assess life-threatening predation risks (风险) and make decisions to avoid or otherwise manage those risks. It is a proper balance: being too fearful is costly if fear means that you miss out on getting food, mates, or other important resources. However, being too brazen could end very poorly indeed. It is the context that influences all decisions. If they’re hungry, it’s wise to take more risks or they will go hungry. And, if they’re powerful and can steal food from others at will, perhaps it’s OK to be a bit more careful. Successful individuals are those that make right assessment, and because of this, leave more descendants.
Natural expressions of fear influence the structure of ecological communities, and the removal of predators changes entire ecosystems. To manage predation risks, animals modify(调整) their activity patterns, habitat selection, and their diet. Fear of predators can also reduce an individual’s reproductive(繁殖)success. All of these fear-driven modifications can have a great influence on both the environment and the diversity of many species. Fear, as it turns out, is an essential part of healthy ecosystems and helps keep biodiversity.
Fear is a natural emotion, and that it’s impossible to completely avoid it. It is comforting to know that fear comes from a long line of ancestors, both human and nonhuman. It is a compass(指南针)that, when used I properly, guides us away from danger and toward opportunity.
12. What do we know about animals’ risk assessment and management according to paragraph 2?
A. Animals are too fearful to make right assessments.
B. Animals will fail to get food when they are fearful.
C. Animals have to make proper decisions based on different situations.
D. Animals which arc more fearful are more likely to make right assessment.
13. What does the underlined word “brazen“ mean in paragraph 2?
A. brave B. afraid C. hungry D. strong
14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The ways animals manage fear
B. The influence fear has on ecosystem
C. The approaches to keeping a healthy ecosystem
D. The problems fear brings about to the ecosystem
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Fear from Our Deep Past B. Survival of the bravest
C. Emotion from human and nonhuman. D. Path to risk management
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Today, we’re constantly interrupted by tools, emails, social media-you name it. In our distraction economy, it’s nearly impossible to focus on what truly matters. But time management can bring more mindfulness into your daily routine. ___16___
Timeboxing
Timeboxing is a goal-oriented (面向目标的) time management strategy. ___17___ And then complete those pieces in a reasonable amount of time. Each task should have its own unique timebox that lasts no more than three hours. By breaking the work into smaller pieces, you can make steady progress towards your goal over the course of days or weeks.
Pomodoro method
The Pomodoro method helps you deal with work within short time frames and then take breaks. This strategy is particularly helpful because it actively encourages regular breaks. ___18___ Start by setting your timer for 25 minutes, and try to spend that time working on a task-avoid checking your text messages or social media if possible. Then, once time is up, take a five-minute break.
Eating the Frog
Mark Twain famously said, “If it’s your job to eat a frog, it’s best to do it first thing in the morning.” ___19___ It encourages you to tackle big or complex tasks first before working on your less important or less urgent work. With the Eat the Frog method, you can ensure you’re getting to your most important work every day.
Getting Things Done
____20____ By freeing up brain power and instead relying on task management tools, you can focus on taking action and not remembering what you need to do. To use the GTD method, capture all of your upcoming work in one place. Then once you’ve written down everything you need to do, sort and prioritize (优先) your work.
A. It helps you break down large tasks into smaller pieces.
B. The first step is to write down everything you need to do.
C. This management strategy takes inspiration from this quote.
D. Here are some time management tips to get more things done.
E. Time management isn’t always about getting all of your work done.
F. This can increase motivation for you know exactly what you’re doing.
G. In fact, research suggests that taking breaks makes people more creative.
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year in early summer, I was walking to my house when I saw two large birds standing in my yard. They didn’t seem to ___21___ me until I was right in front of them and then they ___22___ disappeared into the nearby bushes. I was quite excited by the ___23___ of two special birds making a nest (巢) in my yard．
A few weeks later, the birds ___24___. I found them crouching (蹲伏) beside a tree. As I approached them, they ___25___ their heads and made a croaking (嘶哑地叫) sound. I didn’t know why they were croaking at me until a short time later I made an amazing ___26___: there were two small birds ___27___ around happily.
As I inched towards the birds, ___28___ not to make sudden movements, they started their croaking again, putting their necks forward so they seemed ___29___ and more threatening.
The mother put the baby birds under her wings and carefully crouched down over them so her babies were well ____30____.
I was watching them with respect when I suddenly ____31____ and fell to the ground. The mother took this as a/an ____32____ and the father raced towards me, ____33____ his wings to protect the mother and the baby birds.
I felt sorry to have disturbed them and left quickly. I am amazed by their ____34____ actions. Their parental love made them so courageous. It is hard not to show ____35____ for nature.
21. A. remind B. confirm C. notice D. protest
22. A. immediately B. familiarly C. creatively D. slowly
23. A. feeling B. sense C. opinion D. idea
24. A. investigated B. removed C. gathered D. reappeared
25. A. stuck out B. put down C. hang out D. turned around
26. A. collection B. discovery C. conclusion D. mission
27. A. jumping B. fighting C. seeking D. marching
28. A. curious B. patient C. worried D. careful
29. A. neater B. simpler C. longer D. stronger
30. A. fed B. hidden C. raised D. identified
31. A. tripped B. moved C. alarmed D. responded
32. A. target B. defence C. threat D. escape.
33. A. shooting B. spilling C. folding D. spreading
34. A. military B. individual C. brave D. average
35. A. gratitude B. respect C. emotion D. pleasure
第II卷
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kunqu Opera, also called Lunju or kunshan qiang, originated (起源)from Kunshan in Suzhou city. It is an old drama style___36___(list) as a “Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity” by the UNESCO in 2001.
___37___(date) from the late Yuan Dynasty (middle period of 14th century), Kunqu is over 600 years old. It has a dominant influence___38___many forms of opera in China thereafter, including Peking Opera,___39___is about 200 years old. So it is known as the “ancestor of Chinese dramas”.
Combining songs in Suzhou dialect, Kunqu Opera has___40___(typical) rich Suzhou cultural features.___41___as it widely spreads through the main part of China, it combines the characteristics of other famous Chinese___42___(opera). To provide the best stage effect and artistic beauty, Kunqu Opera is especially excellent with the fine makeup, soft and graceful singing, elegant actions, and traditional music, etc.
The Peony Pavilion is the best drama work of Tang Xianzu, a famous and respectable playwright(剧作家)____43____(know) as “the Shakespeare of Asia”. This classic art___44___(perform) around the world for countless times. In October, 2016, the Peony Pavilion of the famous Mr. Pai Hsicn Yungrom Taiwan ____45____(appear) on the stage in London and raised a heat among the audiences.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：句子翻译(每句5分，共25分)
46. 为迎接亚运会的到来，杭州开展了以确保亚运会顺利召开为目标的各项活动。(objective) (汉译英)
47. 屠呦呦，一个诺贝尔生理学奖获得者，全心全意投入在研究上，最后终于发现了治疗疟疾的新的治疗办法。(同位语；非谓语动词表结果) (汉译英)
48. 尽管他怪异的个性，Albert Einstein 依旧对世界作出了无数的贡献，最为著名的就是他的广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2 . (despite；独立主格) (汉译英)
49. 在任何情况下我们都不能把自己的个人信息透露给陌生人，这有可能对我们的生活构成潜在的危险。(倒装；原因状语从句) (汉译英)
50. 智能家庭能使我们感到安全，给我们节省能源并提供更舒适的居住环境。尽管如此，这将需要几年时间我们才能实现这个梦想。(汉译英)
第二节：(满分15分)
51. 假定你是校英语社社长李华，请给外教William 写一封邮件邀请他在校首届英语节上致开幕辞。
内容包括：
1．英语节介绍;
2．开幕式的时间和地点等。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80词左右;
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 CBAAC 6-10 ABABA 11-15 BACBC 16-20 CBACB
舟山中学高二第一学期第一次英语素养测评
注意事项：
1．本卷满分150分，考试时间100分钟;
2．答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第I卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the boy do on Saturday?
A. Take an exam. B.Play outside. C.Study hard.
2. What did the woman leave behind?
A.Her purse. B.Her keys. C.Her bag.
3.Where will the speakers meet?
A.At a bar. B. On a bridge. C. In a house.
4.When wil1 the speakers arrive?
A.At about 1:30. B. At about 2:00. C.At about 2:30.
5.What are the speakers talking about?
A.A football game. B.A new film. C.A weekend plan.
第二节：(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the woman think of the match?
A.Exciting B. Discouraging. C.Boring.
7.What dothe speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?
A. Watch a game. B.Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema.
听第7段材料，回答8至10题
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B.Brother and sister. C.Teacher and student.
9.How does the man sound?
A.Uninterested. B.Delighted. C.Annoyed.
10. Why is the man interested in space travel?
A. He enjoys studying physics. B. He wants to be an astronaut. C. He likes science fiction movies.
听第8段材料，回答11至13题
11.What color are the jeans Jennifer Fox ordered?
A. Light blue. B. Dark blue. C.Light dark.
12. What does the man ask Jennifer Fox to do?
A. Deliver the jeans back. B. Contact the salesperson. C.Check the order number.
13. What will the man confirm?
A. The delivery information, B. The original price. C. The discount.
听第9段材料，回答14至17题
14.Why can’t the man stay focused?
A.He has too many things to deal with. B. He has a difficult decision to make. C. He has a quarreI with his girlfriend.
15.When should the man reply to the company?
A.By the end of the week. B. By the end of the month. C.By the beginning of next month.
16.What is part of the man’s problem?
A.His girlfriend doesn’t support his decision.
B.He lacks the money for his doctoral program.
C. His parents and adviser have different opinions.
17. Why doesn’t the man’s girlfriend agree to get married now?
A.She hasn’t graduated yet. B. They haven’t started their careers yet. C. They haven’t won their parents’ approval
听第10段材料，回答18至20题
18.How did Ted connect with his students?
A.By playing chess with them. B. By dealing with their struggles. C.By helping with their homework.
19. What are dozens of students going to do this week?
A. Join the school’s chess team. B.Visit a chess team in Nashville. C. Participate in a national chess competition.
20.What lesson have the students learned from Ted?
A.Actions speak louder than words. B. Think twice before taking action. C.Take action before it gets too late.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Visit Iceland — A Space-like Odyssey (奇幻历险)
With all of its unique experiences, a trip to Iceland will take your breath away. Iceland is truly an outdoor enthusiast’s paradise. If you are planning to visit Iceland, choose one from the handpicked tour operators.
ELDHESTAR-Volcano horse-riding
At Eldhestar we develop activities to combine pleasure, comfort and adventure in a way of respecting nature. We offer various riding tours all year round. For experienced riders, the adventure of 6-7 days on horseback in the Icelandic highlands is highly recommended.
CONTACT: 480-4800; info@eldhestar.com; www.eldhestar.is
ADVENTURE VIKINGS
Just join our great selection of scheduled day tours available all year round! We provide diverse adventures from easy hiking to extreme sports and we can even plan a customized adventure for you. We are also the first to offer surfing school for beginners in Iceland.
CONTACT: 571-2900; info@adventurevikings.com; www.adventurevikings.is
EXTREME ICELANDIC ADVENTURES
We are a tour operator, with a focus on tours and adventures in the north of Iceland. If you want to explore Iceland by hiking, snowmobiling, driving super jeeps or parachuting (跳伞), send us an email and we fix what you need.
INTO THE GLACIER
Join Into the Glacier for an adventure that will lead you to the untouched beauty and raw nature of Langjokull, Iceland’s second largest glacier It’s an opportunity of a lifetime as we journey up the white slopes and go deep inside the man-made ice tunnels.
CONTACT: 578-2550; info@intotheglacier.com; www.intotheglacier.is
There is always an adventure waiting to happen in Iceland. Click here and look for more things to do in Iceland!
1. Which number would you dial if you want to try water sports in Iceland?
A. 862-7988. B. 578-2550. C. 571-2900. D. 480-4800.
2. What do the travel operators have in common?
A. They best suit outdoor lovers. B. They are located in northern Iceland.
C. They provide services all year round. D. They offer extreme sports experiences.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A travel journal. B. An academic article.
C. A travel website. D. A geography magazine.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是为计划去冰岛旅游的户外爱好者精心挑选的几家旅行社。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据ADVENTURE VIKINGS 部分中的“We are also the first to offer surfing school for beginners in Iceland.(我们也是冰岛第一家为初学者提供冲浪学校的公司。)”和“CONTACT: 571-2900(联系电话：571-2900)”可知，ADVENTURE VIKINGS是一家提供冲浪运动的公司，所以，如果想参加水上运动，应拨打的电话是571-2900。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“With all of its unique experiences, a trip to Iceland will take your breath away. Iceland is truly an outdoor enthusiast’s paradise. If you are planning to visit Iceland, choose one from the handpicked tour operators.(冰岛的独特经历会让你大吃一惊。冰岛确实是户外运动爱好者的天堂。如果你计划去冰岛旅游，可以从精心挑选的旅行社中选择一家。)”可知，冰岛是户外运动爱好者的天堂，本文主要介绍的是为计划去冰岛旅游的人们挑选的几家旅行社，所以这几家旅行社的共同点为：最适合户外运动的爱好者。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“There is always an adventure waiting to happen in Iceland. Click here and look for more things to do in Iceland!(冰岛总有一场冒险在等着你。点击这里寻找更多在冰岛可以做的事情!)”可知，点击此处可以找到更多在冰岛可做的事情，由此可知，本文应该是取自于旅游网站。故选C项。
B
Family vlogging — the frequent recording and uploading of personal videos of the family, usually on video sharing website — has become big business nowadays, especially among parents of young children. The more viewers such videos can get, the more money the family can make. At first thought, it does seem like an easy way to make money. However, are we doing right by putting their lives up for public attention?
For one thing, as the children grow up, they increasingly become aware that what they do needs to be admirable enough for the public to enjoy — Being young children, they also would want to do whatever it takes to please others. They then feel the pressure to be perfect, and as that is something not always possible, they become anxious and stressed. Comments from viewers and the expectations of sponsors (赞助者) can also affect the parents’ reactions towards their children.
Another problem is the lack of privacy in the children’s lives. As the children reach adolescence, there is a greaser need for personal space. At 12 or 13, very few children would appreciate being filmed while eating or having a conversation with their friends. Teenhood is a time of significant change in an individual, both physically and emotionally, and is a time when parents need to protect their children and guide them, instead of exposing them to the eyes of the public.
Family vlogging can be irresistible, given how it allows parents to bring greater fun to their family lives. There is also the easy money and the fame to look forward to. Indeed, all would probably go well, but only as long as parents keep in mind that, if not managed well, making their children live their lives in the unforgiving eyes of the public could prove to be a big mistake.
4. How does vlogging about children’s lives influence the family?
A. Children will get used to public attention.
B. Children may suffer from too much pressure.
C. Parents may show no concern for their children.
D. Parents become addicted to exposing their children to the public.
5. How does the writer mainly develop his argument?
A. By providing examples B. By listing numbers
C. By making comparisons D. By analyzing causes
6. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To introduce a new big business
B. To show how vlogging influence people’s lives.
C. To persuade parents to watch out for comments from viewers.
D. To convince parents of the danger of vlogging about children’s lives.
7. What’s the writer’s attitude to vlogging about children’s lives?
A. negative B. positive C. neutral D. uninterested
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了家庭视频微博中把孩子的生活公之于众对孩子的影响，以此让家长相信关于孩子生活的视频微博存在的危险。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For one thing, as the children grow up, they increasingly become aware that what they do needs to be admirable enough for the public to enjoy — Being young children, they also would want to do whatever it takes to please others. They then feel the pressure to be perfect, and as that is something not always possible, they become anxious and stressed. (一方面，随着孩子们的成长，他们越来越意识到他们所做的事情需要足够令人钦佩，以供公众欣赏——作为孩子，他们也会想尽一切办法取悦别人。然后，他们会感到要完美的压力，因为这并不总是可能的，他们变得焦虑和压力。)”可知，孩子们为了取悦于公众，他们会感到要完美的压力，从而变得焦虑和压力，所以关于孩子的视频博客会让孩子感到很大的压力。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For one thing, as the children grow up, they increasingly become aware that what they do needs to be admirable enough for the public to enjoy — Being young children, they also would want to do whatever it takes to please others. (一方面，随着孩子们的成长，他们越来越意识到他们所做的事情需要足够令人钦佩，以供公众欣赏——作为孩子，他们也会想尽一切办法取悦别人。)”以及第三段中的“Another problem is the lack of privacy in the children’s lives. As the children reach adolescence, there is a greaser need for personal space.(另一个问题是孩子们生活中缺乏隐私。随着孩子们进入青春期，他们对个人空间的需求越来越大。)”可知，作者在首段陈述观点后，在下文中从两个方面分析了家庭视频博客将关于孩子生活的视频公布于众产生的一些问题，所以，作者是通过分析原因的方式来展开他的论点的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“However, are we doing right by putting their lives up for public attention?(然而，我们把他们的生活公之于众是对的吗?)”可知，作者在首段用提问的方式引出本文的主题——把孩子的生活公之于众，对吗？接下来从两个方面分析了家庭视频博客将孩子的生活公之于众存在的问题，结合尾段中的“Indeed, all would probably go well, but only as long as parents keep in mind that, if not managed well, making their children live their lives in the unforgiving eyes of the public could prove to be a big mistake.(事实上，一切都可能顺利进行，但前提是父母要记住，如果管理不善，让孩子在公众无情的目光下生活可能会是一个巨大的错误。)”可知，作者提醒家长，如果管理不善，把孩子公之于众可能是一个巨大的错误，所以本文的目的是让家长相信关于孩子生活的视频微博是有危险的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“However, are we doing right by putting their lives up for public attention?(然而，我们把他们的生活公之于众是对的吗?)”可知，作者在首段用提问的方式引出本文的主题，说明作者对此做法持怀疑态度，结合尾段中的“Indeed, all would probably go well, but only as long as parents keep in mind that, if not managed well, making their children live their lives in the unforgiving eyes of the public could prove to be a big mistake.(事实上，一切都可能顺利进行，但前提是父母要记住，如果管理不善，让孩子在公众无情的目光下生活可能会是一个巨大的错误。)”可知，作者通过分析，向家长阐明，如果管理不善，把孩子公之于众可能是一个巨大的错误，由此可推断，作者对关于孩子生活的家庭视频微博持否定的态度。故选A项。
C
You’ve probably eaten a hot dog and felt like the underdog — but have you ever spotted a sundog?
A sundog is a weather event that causes two bright bursts of rainbow colored light to appear on either side of the sun. It is located approximately 22 degrees either left, right, or both, from the sun, depending on where the ice crystals (冰晶体) are. If the sun were a clock, you would see them around 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock. Sometimes sundogs appear with a halo (光环) around the sun. They can be very beautiful, with a reddish glow closest to the sun and a bluish white center. Sundogs can be seen during any season but are most often seen during the winter months when the sun is lower in the sky. You are also more likely to see them early or late in the day, when the sun is near the horizon (地平线).The most brilliant sundogs happen on sunny days.
Conditions need to be just right for sundogs to appear. Sunlight passes through high, cold cirrus clouds (卷云). These clouds contain flat, 6-sided ice crystals. If the plate-like crystals go toward the ground horizontally with the large face towards the earth, light is reflected through the sides. The crystals act as prisms (棱镜), separating the light and making the sundog.
Throughout history, sundogs have been used to predict weather because they often indicate that snow or rain is on its way. Some people believed that sundogs were a sign of good luck or encouragement, while others saw them as a warning from God.
Famous authors such as William Shakespeare and Jack London have described sundogs in stories and poems as both frightening and amazing. Artists have been inspired to catch the beauty of sundogs in drawings paintings, and photography, and rock bands have even written songs about them.
8. What can we learn about sundogs from the second paragraph?
A. Sundogs can be used to tell the time. B. Sundogs are most common in winter.
C. Sundogs always come after a rainbow. D. Sundogs predict the coming of sunny days.
9. In which situation will sundogs come into being?
A. The clouds separate the sunlight.
B. The plate turns its face towards the earth.
C. The crystals go toward the ground horizontally.
D. Ice crystals are positioned with their flat sides horizontal to the ground.
10. Why do people use sundogs to predict weather?
A. Because people think they stand for bad luck B. Because sundogs are beyond their recognition.
C. Because a rain or snow often comes after them. D. Because people consider it as a warning from God.
11. Why does the author mention Shakespeare and Jack London?
A. To prove sundogs are magical events.
B. To show sundogs have long attracted great attention.
C. To encourage writers to describe sundogs in their works.
D. To remind people that they are good at writing stories and poems
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一种罕见的大气光学现象——幻日，介绍了它的形成原理和形成条件等。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sundogs can be seen during any season but are most often seen during the winter months when the sun is lower in the sky.(在任何季节都可以看到幻日，但最常见的是在太阳较低的冬季。)”可知，幻日在任何季节都会出现，但在冬季是最常见的。故选B项。
9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the plate-like crystals go toward the ground horizontally with the large face towards the earth, light is reflected through the sides. The crystals act as prisms (棱镜), separating the light and making the sundog.(如果片状晶体水平朝向地面，大面朝向地球，光线会从侧面反射。晶体充当棱镜，分离光线并制造出幻日。)”可知，冰晶垂直向下，平坦的侧面与地面平行，此时晶体充当棱镜，反射太阳光线，从而产生幻日现行，所以，冰晶的侧面与地面平行是形成幻日的条件。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Throughout history, sundogs have been used to predict weather because they often indicate that snow or rain is on its way.(纵观历史，幻日一直被用来预测天气，因为它们经常预示着雪或雨即将来临。)”可知，历史上人们用幻日预测天气，是因为它们的出现预示着要下雨或下雪，也就是雨或雪就在幻日之后出现。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Famous authors such as William Shakespeare and Jack London have described sundogs in stories and poems as both frightening and amazing.(威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）和杰克·伦敦（Jack London）等著名作家在故事和诗歌中将幻日描述为既可怕又令人惊奇。)”可知，莎士比亚与杰克·伦敦分别是十六世纪和十九世纪的作家，他们的作品中都有关于幻日的描述，由此可知，幻日现象由来已久，所以，文章提到他们是为了说明幻日现象长期以来被人们关注。故选B项。
D
Humans have many unique behaviors among animals. For example, we have a formal language that permits communication about things that exist in the past, present, and future. Yet we share at least one emotion with many other species fear.
To really understand our fears we have to go further to study how animals long before humans came into being assessed (评估) and managed predation (捕食) risk in the wild. All animals, past and present, must assess life-threatening predation risks (风险) and make decisions to avoid or otherwise manage those risks. It is a proper balance: being too fearful is costly if fear means that you miss out on getting food, mates, or other important resources. However, being too brazen could end very poorly indeed. It is the context that influences all decisions. If they’re hungry, it’s wise to take more risks or they will go hungry. And, if they’re powerful and can steal food from others at will, perhaps it’s OK to be a bit more careful. Successful individuals are those that make right assessment, and because of this, leave more descendants.
Natural expressions of fear influence the structure of ecological communities, and the removal of predators changes entire ecosystems. To manage predation risks, animals modify(调整) their activity patterns, habitat selection, and their diet. Fear of predators can also reduce an individual’s reproductive(繁殖)success. All of these fear-driven modifications can have a great influence on both the environment and the diversity of many species. Fear, as it turns out, is an essential part of healthy ecosystems and helps keep biodiversity.
Fear is a natural emotion, and that it’s impossible to completely avoid it. It is comforting to know that fear comes from a long line of ancestors, both human and nonhuman. It is a compass(指南针)that, when used I properly, guides us away from danger and toward opportunity.
12. What do we know about animals’ risk assessment and management according to paragraph 2?
A. Animals are too fearful to make right assessments.
B. Animals will fail to get food when they are fearful.
C. Animals have to make proper decisions based on different situations.
D. Animals which arc more fearful are more likely to make right assessment.
13. What does the underlined word “brazen“ mean in paragraph 2?
A. brave B. afraid C. hungry D. strong
14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The ways animals manage fear
B. The influence fear has on ecosystem
C. The approaches to keeping a healthy ecosystem
D. The problems fear brings about to the ecosystem
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Fear from Our Deep Past B. Survival of the bravest
C. Emotion from human and nonhuman. D. Path to risk management
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类和其他物种都有恐惧的情感，说明了恐惧是如何帮助动物在野外评估和管理捕食风险的以及恐惧对于人类社会的作用和影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“To really understand our fears we have to go further to study how animals long before humans came into being assessed (评估) and managed predation (捕食) risk in the wild. All animals, past and present, must assess life-threatening predation risks (风险) and make decisions to avoid or otherwise manage those risks. It is a proper balance: being too fearful is costly if fear means that you miss out on getting food, mates, or other important resources. However, being too brazen could end very poorly indeed. (为了真正理解我们的恐惧，我们必须进一步研究在人类出现之前，动物是如何在野外评估和管理捕食风险的。所有的动物，无论是过去还是现在，都必须评估威胁生命的捕食风险，并做出避免或以其他方式管理这些风险的决定。这是一种适当的平衡：如果恐惧意味着你错过了获得食物、伴侣或其他重要资源，那么过于恐惧是代价高昂的。然而，太过勇敢可能会导致非常糟糕的结果)”可知，动物必须根据不同的情况做出正确的决定。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“being too fearful is costly if fear means that you miss out on getting food, mates, or other important resources(如果恐惧意味着你错过了获得食物、伴侣或其他重要资源，那么过于恐惧是代价高昂的)”以及后文“could end very poorly indeed”结合however表示转折，说明太胆小害怕会得不到重要资源，付出高昂的代价，但太过勇敢，无所畏惧则会导致糟糕的结果。故划线词意思是“勇敢的”。故选A。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Natural expressions of fear influence the structure of ecological communities, and the removal of predators changes entire ecosystems. To manage predation risks, animals modify(调整) their activity patterns, habitat selection, and their diet. Fear of predators can also reduce an individual’s reproductive(繁殖)success. All of these fear-driven modifications can have a great influence on both the environment and the diversity of many species. Fear, as it turns out, is an essential part of healthy ecosystems and helps keep biodiversity.(恐惧的自然表达会影响生态群落的结构，而捕食者的消失会改变整个生态系统。为了控制被捕食的风险，动物会改变它们的活动模式、栖息地选择和饮食。对捕食者的恐惧也会降低个体的繁殖成功率。所有这些恐惧驱动的改变对环境和许多物种的多样性都有很大的影响。事实证明，恐惧是健康生态系统的重要组成部分，有助于保持生物多样性)”可知，第三段的主要内容是恐惧对生态系统的影响。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Fear is a natural emotion, and that it’s impossible to completely avoid it. It is comforting to know that fear comes from a long line of ancestors, both human and nonhuman. It is a compass(指南针)that, when used I properly, guides us away from danger and toward opportunity.(恐惧是一种自然的情绪，不可能完全避免它。令人欣慰的是，恐惧来自人类和非人类的悠久祖先。它是一个指南针，如果使用得当，可以指引我们远离危险，走向机遇)”结合文章主要说明了人类和其他物种都有恐惧的情感，说明了恐惧是如何帮助动物在野外评估和管理捕食风险的以及恐惧对于人类社会的作用和影响。可知，A选项“来自我们久远过去的恐惧”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Today, we’re constantly interrupted by tools, emails, social media-you name it. In our distraction economy, it’s nearly impossible to focus on what truly matters. But time management can bring more mindfulness into your daily routine. ___16___
Timeboxing
Timeboxing is a goal-oriented (面向目标的) time management strategy. ___17___ And then complete those pieces in a reasonable amount of time. Each task should have its own unique timebox that lasts no more than three hours. By breaking the work into smaller pieces, you can make steady progress towards your goal over the course of days or weeks.
Pomodoro method
The Pomodoro method helps you deal with work within short time frames and then take breaks. This strategy is particularly helpful because it actively encourages regular breaks. ___18___ Start by setting your timer for 25 minutes, and try to spend that time working on a task-avoid checking your text messages or social media if possible. Then, once time is up, take a five-minute break.
Eating the Frog
Mark Twain famously said “If it’s your job to eat a frog, it’s best to do it first thing in the morning.” ___19___ It encourages you to tackle big or complex tasks first before working on your less important or less urgent work. With the Eat the Frog method, you can ensure you’re getting to your most important work every day.
Getting Things Done
____20____ By freeing up brain power and instead relying on task management tools, you can focus on taking action and not remembering what you need to do. To use the GTD method, capture all of your upcoming work in one place. Then once you’ve written down everything you need to do, sort and prioritize (优先) your work.
A. It helps you break down large tasks into smaller pieces.
B. The first step is to write down everything you need to do.
C. This management strategy takes inspiration from this quote.
D. Here are some time management tips to get more things done.
E. Time management isn’t always about getting all of your work done.
F. This can increase motivation for you know exactly what you’re doing.
G. In fact, research suggests that taking breaks makes people more creative.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些时间管理的技巧，帮助完成更多的事情。
【16题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为承上启下的句子，根据空前的“But time management can bring more mindfulness into your daily routine.(但是时间管理可以给你的日常生活带来更多的专注。)”可知，时间管理可以给日常生活带来更多的关注，结合下文中的“Timeboxing”以及“Pomodoro method”可知，下文中讲述的是一些与时间关系相关的方法技巧，由此可推断，此空应为引出下文中的有关时间管理的方法的内容，D选项“Here are some time management tips to get more things done.(这里有一些时间管理技巧，可以让你完成更多的事情。)”讲述的内容承接了上文中的时间管理，且引出下文中的介绍技巧，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据空后的“And then complete those pieces in a reasonable amount of time. Each task should have its own unique timebox that lasts no more than three hours.(然后在合理的时间内完成这些小任务。每个任务都应该有自己独特的时间限制，时间不超过三个小时。)”可知，此处讲述的是把一个大的任务分解成多个小任务去完成的管理时间的方法，A选项“It helps you break down large tasks into smaller pieces.(它可以帮助你把大任务分解成小任务。)”讲述的内容与空后的pieces内容一致，对空前的“Timeboxing is a goal-oriented (面向目标的) time management strategy.(限制时间是一种目标导向的时间管理策略。)”作进一步的解释，其中的it指代的内容与空前的Timeboxing一致。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“This strategy is particularly helpful because it actively encourages regular breaks.(这个策略特别有用，因为它积极鼓励定期休息。)”可知，番茄钟策略积极鼓励定期休息，G选项“In fact, research suggests that taking breaks makes people more creative.(事实上，研究表明休息能让人更有创造力)”与本段讲述的时间管理技巧内容一致，其中的taking breaks为解题关键信息。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“Mark Twain famously said, “If it’s your job to eat a frog, it’s best to do it first thing in the morning.”(马克·吐温曾说过一句名言:“如果你的工作是吃掉一只青蛙，那你最好在早上第一件事就去做。”)”可知，此处提到了马克·吐温的名言，结合空后的“It encourages you to tackle big or complex tasks first before working on your less important or less urgent work.(它鼓励你先处理大的或复杂的任务，然后再处理不那么重要或不那么紧急的工作。)”可知，这种策略是需要先处理大而复杂的任务，由此可推断，此空应涉及到这句名言与时间管理策略之间的关系，C选项“This management strategy takes inspiration from this quote.(这个管理策略的灵感来自这句话。)”中的this quote指的是空前马克·吐温的名言，且与下文中的内容衔接。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据空后的“By freeing up brain power and instead relying on task management tools, you can focus on taking action and not remembering what you need to do.(通过释放脑力，而不是依赖于任务管理工具，你可以专注于采取行动，而不是记住你需要做什么。)”可知，此策略是要释放脑力，但不是依靠管理工具，B选项“The first step is to write down everything you need to do.(第一步是写下你需要做的每件事。)”与本段讲述的释放脑力这一管理策略的方法吻合，且下文“Then once you’ve written down everything you need to do, sort and prioritize (优先) your work.(一旦你写下了所有你需要做的事情，对你的工作进行分类和排序。)”中的“once you’ve written down”相呼应。故选B项。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year in early summer, I was walking to my house when I saw two large birds standing in my yard. They didn’t seem to ___21___ me until I was right in front of them and then they ___22___ disappeared into the nearby bushes. I was quite excited by the ___23___ of two special birds making a nest (巢) in my yard．
A few weeks later, the birds ___24___. I found them crouching (蹲伏) beside a tree. As I approached them, they ___25___ their heads and made a croaking (嘶哑地叫) sound. I didn’t know why they were croaking at me until a short time later I made an amazing ___26___: there were two small birds ___27___ around happily.
As I inched towards the birds, ___28___ not to make sudden movements, they started their croaking again, putting their necks forward so they seemed ___29___ and more threatening.
The mother put the baby birds under her wings and carefully crouched down over them so her babies were well ____30____.
I was watching them with respect when I suddenly ____31____ and fell to the ground. The mother took this as a/an ____32____ and the father raced towards me, ____33____ his wings to protect the mother and the baby birds.
I felt sorry to have disturbed them and left quickly. I am amazed by their ____34____ actions. Their parental love made them so courageous. It is hard not to show ____35____ for nature.
21. A. remind B. confirm C. notice D. protest
22 A. immediately B. familiarly C. creatively D. slowly
23. A. feeling B. sense C. opinion D. idea
24. A. investigated B. removed C. gathered D. reappeared
25. A. stuck out B. put down C. hang out D. turned around
26. A. collection B. discovery C. conclusion D. mission
27. A. jumping B. fighting C. seeking D. marching
28. A. curious B. patient C. worried D. careful
29. A. neater B. simpler C. longer D. stronger
30. A. fed B. hidden C. raised D. identified
31. A. tripped B. moved C. alarmed D. responded
32. A. target B. defence C. threat D. escape.
33. A. shooting B. spilling C. folding D. spreading
34. A. military B. individual C. brave D. average
35 A. gratitude B. respect C. emotion D. pleasure
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在家门口发现筑巢的小鸟，并感叹鸟父母保护孩子的本能，体会到敬畏大自然的道理。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A. remind使想起；B. confirm证实；C. notice注意到；D. protest抗议。根据下文中的“until I was right in front of them and then they ___2___ disappeared into the nearby bushes.”可知，作者到了他们前面，他们才飞走，说明他们没有“注意到”作者。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A. immediately立刻，马上；B. familiarly熟悉地；C. creatively创造性地；D. slowly慢慢地。根据常识和下文中的“disappeared into the nearby bushes.”可知，鸟发现人，应是“立刻”飞走，消失在树丛中。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两只特别的鸟在我的院子里筑巢的想法让我很兴奋。A. feeling感觉；B. sense意义；C. opinion观点；D. idea想法。根据上文中的“I was quite excited”和下文中的“of two special birds making a nest (巢) in my yard”可知，两只特殊的鸟在院子里筑巢，这应是作者的一个“想法”，这想法让作者很兴奋。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，这些鸟又出现了。A. investigated调查；B. removed清除；C. gathered聚集；D. reappeared再次出现。根据上文中的“Last year in early summer, I was walking to my house when I saw two large birds standing in my yard.”和“A few weeks later, the birds”可知，此处指的是作者几周前见到的两只鸟“又出现”了。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我走近它们时，它们伸出脑袋，发出呱呱的声音。A. stuck out伸出；B. put down放下；C. hang out闲逛；D. turned around转向。根据语境和上文中的“As I approached them”以及下文中的“their heads and made a croaking (嘶哑地叫) sound.”可知，作者靠近鸟们时，鸟们要应会作出防御动作，所以此处为“伸出”脑袋，发出嘶哑的叫声，符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A. collection收藏；B. discovery发现；C. conclusion结论；D. mission任务。根据下文中的“there were two small birds ___7___ around happily.”可知，有两只小鸟跳来跳去，由此可知，这是作者的一个“发现”符合语境。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A. jumping跳起；B. fighting战斗；C. seeking寻找；D. marching行进。根据常识以及下文中的happily可知，此处应为小鸟快乐地“跳来跳去”符合语境。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A. curious好奇的；B. patient耐心的；C. worried担忧的；D. careful小心的。根据上文中的“As I inched towards the birds”可知，作者谨慎移动，所以此处为“小心翼翼的”符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A. neater更整洁；B. simpler更简单；C. longer更长；D. stronger更强大。根据上文中的“they started their croaking again, putting their necks forward”可知，鸟们见到作者就大叫，脖子向前伸着，一幅打架的姿势，结合下文中的“more threatening”可知，此处指的是他们这样做是为了显得“更强大”符合语境。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把小鸟放在自己的翅膀下，小心翼翼地蹲下身子，把它们藏得很好。A. fed喂；B. hidden藏起来；C. raised提高；D. identified识别，辨别。根据语境及上文中的“The mother put the baby birds under her wings and carefully crouched down over them”可知，见到作者，鸟妈妈把小鸟放在翅膀下，然后蹲下身子，这应是把小鸟“藏起来”的动作。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正怀着敬意看着他们，突然绊了一下，摔倒在地。A. tripped绊倒；B. moved移动；C. alarmed使害怕；D. responded作出回应。根据上文中的“suddenly”以及下文中的“and fell to the ground.”可知，作者突然摔到在地，由此可知，此处为“绊倒”符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。A. target目标；B. defence防御；C. threat威胁；D. escape逃跑。根据上文中的“I was watching them with respect when I suddenly ___11___ and fell to the ground.”可知，作者突然绊了一下摔倒在地，鸟妈妈应是也受到惊吓，所以此处指的是鸟妈妈把这当成一种“威胁”符合语境。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。A. shooting射击；B. spilling溅起；C. folding折叠；D. spreading展开。根据上文中的“the father raced towards me”以及下文中的“ to protect the mother and the baby birds.”可知，鸟爸爸为了保护鸟妈妈与鸟宝宝，应是“展开”翅膀，向作者扑来。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对他们的勇敢行为感到惊讶。A. military军事的；B. individual个人的；C. brave勇敢的；D. average平均的。根据下文中的“Their parental love made them so courageous.”可知，作父母的爱让他们如此英勇，由此可知，此处为“勇敢的”行为。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不尊重自然是很难的。A. gratitude感激；B. respect尊敬；C. emotion情绪；D. pleasure快乐。根据语境以及上文中的“I was watching them with respect when I suddenly ___11___ and fell to the ground.”可知，作者的此次经历，使他意识到，要想不“尊重”大自然都很难。故选B项。
第II卷
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kunqu Opera, also called Lunju or kunshan qiang, originated (起源)from Kunshan in Suzhou city. It is an old drama style___36___(list) as a “Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity” by the UNESCO in 2001.
___37___(date) from the late Yuan Dynasty (middle period of 14th century), Kunqu is over 600 years old. It has a dominant influence___38___many forms of opera in China thereafter, including Peking Opera,___39___is about 200 years old. So it is known as the “ancestor of Chinese dramas”.
Combining songs in Suzhou dialect, Kunqu Opera has___40___(typical) rich Suzhou cultural features.___41___as it widely spreads through the main part of China, it combines the characteristics of other famous Chinese___42___(opera). To provide the best stage effect and artistic beauty, Kunqu Opera is especially excellent with the fine makeup, soft and graceful singing, elegant actions, and traditional music, etc.
The Peony Pavilion is the best drama work of Tang Xianzu, a famous and respectable playwright(剧作家)____43____(know) as “the Shakespeare of Asia”. This classic art___44___(perform) around the world for countless times. In October, 2016, the Peony Pavilion of the famous Mr. Pai Hsicn Yungrom Taiwan ____45____(appear) on the stage in London and raised a heat among the audiences.
【答案】36. listed
37. Dating 38. on
39. which 40. typically
41. But 42. operas
43. known 44. has been performed
45. appeared
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昆曲的发展起源以及代表作品。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是一种古老的戏剧风格，2001年被联合国教科文组织列为“人类口头和非物质遗产代表作”。本句谓语动词为is，list与逻辑主语style构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填listed。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：昆曲始于元末（14世纪中期），已有600多年的历史。本句谓语动词为is，date from与逻辑主语Kunqu构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Dating。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：此后，它对中国许多戏剧形式都产生了主导影响，包括距今约200年的京剧，因此被称为“中国戏剧之祖”。表示“对……有影响”短语为have a/an... influence on。故填on。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此后，它对中国许多戏剧形式都产生了主导影响，包括距今约200年的京剧，因此被称为“中国戏剧之祖”。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Peking Opera，在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导句子。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：昆曲结合了苏州话的唱腔，具有典型的丰富的苏州文化特色。修饰形容词rich应用副词typically，故填typically。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：但随着它在中国主要地区的广泛传播，它结合了其他中国著名戏剧的特点。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but，首字母大写。故填But。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：但随着它在中国主要地区的广泛传播，它结合了其他中国著名戏剧的特点。opera为可数名词，结合上文other可知应用复数形式。故填operas。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：《牡丹亭》是被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的著名剧作家汤显祖最优秀的戏剧作品。短语be known as表示“被称为”，此处省略be动词，过去分词作定语，故填known。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这一经典艺术在世界各地被表演了无数次。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文for countless times可知指过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为This classic art，助动词用has。故填has been performed。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：2016年10月，台湾名家白先勇先生的《牡丹亭》登上伦敦舞台，引起观众热议。根据上文In October, 2016可知为一般过去时。故填appeared。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：句子翻译(每句5分，共25分)
46. 为迎接亚运会的到来，杭州开展了以确保亚运会顺利召开为目标的各项活动。(objective) (汉译英)
【答案】In order to welcome the arrival of the Asian Games, Hangzhou has carried out various activities with the objective of ensuring the smooth convening of the Asian Games.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“为了”短语为in order to do sth.；表示“迎接亚运会的到来”翻译为welcome the arrival of the Asian Games；主语为Hangzhou；表示“开展”短语为carry out；表示“各项活动”翻译为various activities；表示“以确保亚运会顺利召开为目标”翻译为with the objective of ensuring the smooth convening of the Asian Games。应用现在完成时。故翻译为In order to welcome the arrival of the Asian Games, Hangzhou has carried out various activities with the objective of ensuring the smooth convening of the Asian Games.
47. 屠呦呦，一个诺贝尔生理学奖获得者，全心全意投入在研究上，最后终于发现了治疗疟疾的新的治疗办法。(同位语；非谓语动词表结果) (汉译英)
【答案】Tu Youyou, a Nobel laureate in physiology, devoted herself wholeheartedly to research, finally discovering a new treatment for malaria.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和同位语及时态。分析句意，表示“一个诺贝尔生理学奖获得者”应为a Nobel laureate in physiology，作同位语解释主语“屠呦呦”Tu Youyou，表示“投入在研究上”应为devote herself to research，结合句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时，即devoted herself to research，表示“全心全意”应为wholeheartedly作状语，修饰动词devoted，所以表示“屠呦呦，一个诺贝尔生理学奖获得者，全心全意投入在研究上”应译为Tu Youyou, a Nobel laureate in physiology, devoted herself wholeheartedly to research；表示“最终”应为finally作状语，表示“发现了治疗疟疾的新的治疗办法”应为discover a new treatment for malaria，根据提示，此处应使用非谓语动词作状语，discover与句子逻辑主语Tu Youyou之间为主动关系，所以此处应使用现在分词作结果状语，即为discovering a new treatment for malaria。故翻译为Tu Youyou, a Nobel laureate in physiology, devoted herself wholeheartedly to research, finally discovering a new treatment for malaria.
48. 尽管他怪异的个性，Albert Einstein 依旧对世界作出了无数的贡献，最为著名的就是他的广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2 . (despite；独立主格) (汉译英)
【答案】Despite his peculiar personality, Albert Einstein has made countless contributions to the world, most notably his theory of general relativity and the famous equation E=mc2.
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语和独立主格。表示“尽管”应为despite，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“怪异的性格”应为peculiar personality，所以句子的让步状语应为Despite his peculiar personality；表示“爱因斯坦”应为Albert Einstein作主语，表示“对世界作出了无数的贡献”应为make countless contributions to the world，结合句意可知，“对世界作贡献”已经发生，所以此处应使用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数，所以主句译为Albert Einstein has made countless contributions to the world；根据提示，表示“最为著名的就是他的广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2”应使用独立主格结构，表示“最为著名的是”应为most notably，表示“广义相对论”应为theory of general relativity，表示“著名的方程式”应为famous equation，所以表示“他的广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2”应为名词短语his theory of general relativity and the famous equation E=mc2。故翻译为Despite his peculiar personality, Albert Einstein has made countless contributions to the world, most notably his theory of general relativity and the famous equation E=mc2.
49. 在任何情况下我们都不能把自己的个人信息透露给陌生人，这有可能对我们的生活构成潜在的危险。(倒装；原因状语从句) (汉译英)
【答案】Under no circumstances should we disclose our personal information to strangers, as it may pose a potential danger to our lives.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、状语从句和倒装。表示“绝不”应用under no circumstances，位于句首应用部分倒装；主语为we；表示“把自己的个人信息透露给陌生人”翻译为disclose our personal information to strangers，should表示“应该”后跟动词原形；表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句应用as；主语为it，表示“对我们的生活构成潜在的危险”翻译为pose a potential danger to our lives，may表示“可能”，后跟动词原形。故翻译为Under no circumstances should we disclose our personal information to strangers, as it may pose a potential danger to our lives.
50. 智能家庭能使我们感到安全，给我们节省能源并提供更舒适的居住环境。尽管如此，这将需要几年时间我们才能实现这个梦想。(汉译英)
【答案】Smart homes can make us feel safe, save energy, and provide us with a more comfortable living environment. Nevertheless, it will take several years for us to realize this dream.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和动词。分析句意可知，该句描述的是未来智能家居的情况，所以此处应使用一般将来时；表示“智能家庭”应为smart homes作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“能使我们感到安全”应为can make us feel safe，表示“节省能源”应为save energy，表示“给我们提供更舒适的居住环境”应为provide us with a more comfortable living environment，此处讲述的是智能家庭的三个优点，在最后一个前面加并列连词and，所以前半句译为Smart homes can make us feel safe, save energy, and provide us with a more comfortable living environment.；表示“尽管如此”应为nevertheless，副词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“这将需要几年时间我们才能实现这个梦想”可转述为“实现这一梦想对我们来说要花费几年时间”，应为it作形式主语，不定式结构作真正主语的句型，表示“将需要”作谓语，应为一般将来时态will take，即it will take several years for us to realize this dream，其中的us为不定式的逻辑主语，其前为介词for强调“对……来说”，所以后半句话译为Nevertheless, it will take several years for us to realize this dream。故翻译为Smart homes can make us feel safe, save energy, and provide us with a more comfortable living environment. Nevertheless, it will take several years for us to realize this dream.
第二节：(满分15分)
51. 假定你是校英语社社长李华，请给外教William 写一封邮件邀请他在校首届英语节上致开幕辞。
内容包括：
1．英语节介绍;
2．开幕式的时间和地点等。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80词左右;
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear William,
I am Li Hua. How are you getting along? I am writing to invite you to give the opening speech at the first English Festival in our school. The English Festival is a grand activity founded by the English Club of our school. Not only will the activity help us learn English culture, but also the communication between English lovers will be improved.
The first English Festival will take place in our classroom at 2 o’clock on September 10th. After your opening speech, there are also a few speeches delivered by some student representatives. We are going to sing some songs and perform a short play for the audience. We have also prepared flowers and cards for our each teacher. Finally, we will take some nice photos to remember the wonderful moment.
Looking forward to your coming.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教William 写一封邮件邀请他在校首届英语节上致开幕辞。内容包括：
【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请：invite→ask
盛大的：grand→magnificent
交流：communication→exchange
演讲：speech→lecture
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After your opening speech, there are also a few speeches delivered by some student representatives.
拓展句：After you finish the opening speech, there are also a few speeches delivered by some student representatives.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The English Festival is a grand activity founded by the English Club of our school.(运用了过去分词作后置定语)
【高分句型2】Not only will the activity help us learn English culture, but also the communication between English lovers will be improved.(运用了部分倒装句式)
1-5 CBAAC 6-10 ABABA 11-15 BACBC 16-20 CBACB