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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection同步训练题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection同步训练题，共7页。
课时评价作业(十一)
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 将间接引语补充完整(每空一词)
1. “Mum, please help me find my shirt,” he said.
→He asked his mother to help him find his shirt.
2. “Use your knife to cut the boots open,” the officer said to his guard.
→The officer ordered the guard to use his knife to cut the boots open.
3. “Will you sleep and get up early?” father said.
→Father asked the children to sleep and get up early.
4. He said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”
→He advised us to go to the cinema.
5. “Don’t cry any longer,” mother said to her.
→Mother told her not to cry any longer.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成英语句子
1. Our teacher told us that Earth is round(地球是圆的).
2. Jim said that he was doing his homework(他正在做作业).
3. She asked me if/whether I liked watching TV(喜不喜欢看电视).
4. Jenny asked Tom how much his new car cost(他的新车花了多少钱).
5. Mother asked Tom not to make any noise(不要弄出任何动静).
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1. Dick said, “I will come here to help you this afternoon.”
→Dick said that he would go there to help me that afternoon.
2. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
→He said that light travels much faster than sound.
3. My history teacher taught us, “The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.”
→My history teacher taught us that the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
4. She said, “Is your father an engineer?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was an engineer.
5. The teacher said to Li Ming, “Have you finished your homework?”
→The teacher asked Li Ming if/whether he had finished his homework.
6. “When did you go to bed last night?” father said.
→Father asked me when I had gone to bed the night before.
7. He said, “How did you find it, mother?”
→He asked his mother how she had found it.
8. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
→He told Jim that he could sit there.
9. “Stop making so much noise, children,” he said.
→He told the children to stop making so much noise.
10. “Don’t tell him the news,” she said.
→She told me not to tell him the news.
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 语法填空
With the 1. (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. Air pollution is caused by the following
2. (reason). About half of the pollution results 3.
vehicles. There are more and more cars and buses on the roads,
4. give off poisonous gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. 5. (smoke) not only does harm to their health but also to others. 6. these, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons. We should take some measures
7. (fight) against pollution. New fuel can be used to take the place of gas. We can plant 8. (many) trees. If everybody realizes the 9. (important) of the protection of the environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 10. ___________
(solve).
1. 解析:定冠词the后接名词,故填develop的名词形式development。
答案:development
2. 解析:following是形容词,意为“下列的,如下的”,后接可数名词复数形式。故填reasons。
答案:reasons
3. 解析:句意:大约一半的污染来自车辆。result from为固定搭配,意为“由……导致,由……引起”。故填from。
答案:from
4. 解析:分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为cars and buses,指物,故填关系代词which。
答案:which
5. 解析:分析句子结构可知,空处作主语,用动词-ing形式。故填Smoking。
答案:Smoking
6. 解析:前面提到了三种污染因素,应是“除了这些”。故填Besides。
答案:Besides
7. 解析:take measures to do sth意为“采取措施做某事”。此处动词不定式表示目的。故填to fight。
答案:to fight
8. 解析:句意:我们可以种植更多的树。故用many的比较级形式more。
答案:more
9. 解析:空处用在定冠词the之后,指的是“保护环境的重要性”,应用important的名词形式。故填importance。
答案:importance
10. 解析:空处用在助动词will之后,与主语the problem之间构成被动关系,所以应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be solved。
答案:be solved
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a “lesson” in sorting garbage, as the city introduced new garbage-sorting regulations.
It’s now required that people should sort garbage into four categories, namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. However, if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.
More cities are introducing similar regulations, following the practice in Shanghai. By the end of 2020, garbage-sorting systems had been built in 46 major Chinese cities, including Beijing and Shenzhen, reported People’s Daily.
According to a study by the Policy Research Centre for Environment and Economy, under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90 percent of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment.
However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are adequately sorting their trash, the study noted.
According to Xinhua News Agency, it’s partly because many people lack the willingness to sort their own waste. In the past, some previous garbage regulations didn’t give clear fines for people who failed to sort garbage.
“It’s a must to have a legal guarantee to promote garbage sorting,” a professor from Tsinghua University told China Daily. A researcher of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, told China Daily that the importance of the new regulations in Shanghai is to change the past voluntary action into compulsory action for everyone.
Aside from China, many other foreign countries have also introduced garbage-sorting regulations. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill, reported Xinhua. There is a fixed time for disposal of each kind of garbage and littering can result in high fines and even jail time.
In Germany too, people are asked to sort waste into specific categories, reported Huff Post. For example, in Berlin, people have yellow bins for plastic and metals and blue bins for paper and cardboard.
1. What do we know about garbage sorting in Shanghai?
A. People should put their garbage into two categories.
B. It sets an example for many other cities in China.
C. People will be fined 200 yuan each time they break the regulations.
D. Shanghai is the first city to introduce garbage-sorting regulations in China.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“More cities are introducing similar regulations, following the practice in Shanghai.”可知,中国更多的城市正在效仿上海垃圾分类的做法,出台类似的规定。故选B。
答案:B
2. What is the current situation of garbage sorting in China?
A. Some people can properly sort their garbage.
B. Few people know the importance of garbage sorting.
C. People have been sorting their garbage adequately.
D. China’s garbage-sorting problem is the most serious in the world.
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中“Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are adequately sorting their trash, the study noted.”可知,一部分人可以正确地进行垃圾分类。故选A。
答案:A
3. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Why garbage sorting is important.
B. How other countries sort garbage.
C. Garbage sorting has started in China.
D. The world’s garbage problem is becoming worse.
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲了中国已经开始实行垃圾分类管理了。故选C。
答案:C
B
It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a summary of the climate science made by the Royal Society notes, “Global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activities.”
You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, and the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activities. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.
Of course, the Earth’s climate has always been changing due to natural factors such as volcanic eruptions or changes in solar system, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere—not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.
Even if scientists have discovered another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it,“If some newly discovered factors are to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other green-house gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths—one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.
4. How many natural factors causing global warming are mentioned in the text?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “... natural factors such as volcanic eruptions or changes in solar system, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun.” 可知,火山爆发、太阳系的变化或者地球绕太阳运行的周期是文中提到的三个导致气候变化的自然因素。故选C。
答案:C
5. How does the text develop?
A. By giving typical examples.
B. By following the order of space.
C. By analysing a theory and arguing it.
D. By comparing and finding differences.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,第一段提出人类活动是导致全球气候变暖的主要因素这一论点。接下来分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致全球变暖及其是否真的为全球变暖的主要因素。文章按照分析理论并论证的方式展开论述,故选C。
答案:C
6. What does the underlined word “identical” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Totally different.
B. Exactly the same.
C. Extremely important.
D. Partly independent.
解析:词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths—one with human influence and one without.” 可知,如果要分析全球变暖是否人类造成的,需要用两个完全一样的地球来进行实验,一个是有人类活动影响的地球,一个是没有人类活动影响的地球。由此推知identical 意为“完全一样的”。故选B。
答案:B
7. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?
B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?
C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?
D. What’s the Relation Between Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?
解析:标题归纳题。文章对人类活动是否是气候变暖的主要原因进行了讨论,结论是尚不能对此下定论,故选C。
答案:C
课时评价作业(十一)
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 将间接引语补充完整(每空一词)
1. “Mum, please help me find my shirt,” he said.
→He asked his mother to help him find his shirt.
2. “Use your knife to cut the boots open,” the officer said to his guard.
→The officer ordered the guard to use his knife to cut the boots open.
3. “Will you sleep and get up early?” father said.
→Father asked the children to sleep and get up early.
4. He said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”
→He advised us to go to the cinema.
5. “Don’t cry any longer,” mother said to her.
→Mother told her not to cry any longer.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成英语句子
1. Our teacher told us that Earth is round(地球是圆的).
2. Jim said that he was doing his homework(他正在做作业).
3. She asked me if/whether I liked watching TV(喜不喜欢看电视).
4. Jenny asked Tom how much his new car cost(他的新车花了多少钱).
5. Mother asked Tom not to make any noise(不要弄出任何动静).
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1. Dick said, “I will come here to help you this afternoon.”
→Dick said that he would go there to help me that afternoon.
2. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
→He said that light travels much faster than sound.
3. My history teacher taught us, “The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.”
→My history teacher taught us that the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
4. She said, “Is your father an engineer?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was an engineer.
5. The teacher said to Li Ming, “Have you finished your homework?”
→The teacher asked Li Ming if/whether he had finished his homework.
6. “When did you go to bed last night?” father said.
→Father asked me when I had gone to bed the night before.
7. He said, “How did you find it, mother?”
→He asked his mother how she had found it.
8. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
→He told Jim that he could sit there.
9. “Stop making so much noise, children,” he said.
→He told the children to stop making so much noise.
10. “Don’t tell him the news,” she said.
→She told me not to tell him the news.
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 语法填空
With the 1. (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. Air pollution is caused by the following
2. (reason). About half of the pollution results 3.
vehicles. There are more and more cars and buses on the roads,
4. give off poisonous gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. 5. (smoke) not only does harm to their health but also to others. 6. these, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons. We should take some measures
7. (fight) against pollution. New fuel can be used to take the place of gas. We can plant 8. (many) trees. If everybody realizes the 9. (important) of the protection of the environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 10. ___________
(solve).
1. 解析:定冠词the后接名词,故填develop的名词形式development。
答案:development
2. 解析:following是形容词,意为“下列的,如下的”,后接可数名词复数形式。故填reasons。
答案:reasons
3. 解析:句意:大约一半的污染来自车辆。result from为固定搭配,意为“由……导致,由……引起”。故填from。
答案:from
4. 解析:分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为cars and buses,指物,故填关系代词which。
答案:which
5. 解析:分析句子结构可知,空处作主语,用动词-ing形式。故填Smoking。
答案:Smoking
6. 解析:前面提到了三种污染因素,应是“除了这些”。故填Besides。
答案:Besides
7. 解析:take measures to do sth意为“采取措施做某事”。此处动词不定式表示目的。故填to fight。
答案:to fight
8. 解析:句意:我们可以种植更多的树。故用many的比较级形式more。
答案:more
9. 解析:空处用在定冠词the之后,指的是“保护环境的重要性”,应用important的名词形式。故填importance。
答案:importance
10. 解析:空处用在助动词will之后,与主语the problem之间构成被动关系,所以应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be solved。
答案:be solved
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a “lesson” in sorting garbage, as the city introduced new garbage-sorting regulations.
It’s now required that people should sort garbage into four categories, namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. However, if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.
More cities are introducing similar regulations, following the practice in Shanghai. By the end of 2020, garbage-sorting systems had been built in 46 major Chinese cities, including Beijing and Shenzhen, reported People’s Daily.
According to a study by the Policy Research Centre for Environment and Economy, under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90 percent of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment.
However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are adequately sorting their trash, the study noted.
According to Xinhua News Agency, it’s partly because many people lack the willingness to sort their own waste. In the past, some previous garbage regulations didn’t give clear fines for people who failed to sort garbage.
“It’s a must to have a legal guarantee to promote garbage sorting,” a professor from Tsinghua University told China Daily. A researcher of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, told China Daily that the importance of the new regulations in Shanghai is to change the past voluntary action into compulsory action for everyone.
Aside from China, many other foreign countries have also introduced garbage-sorting regulations. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill, reported Xinhua. There is a fixed time for disposal of each kind of garbage and littering can result in high fines and even jail time.
In Germany too, people are asked to sort waste into specific categories, reported Huff Post. For example, in Berlin, people have yellow bins for plastic and metals and blue bins for paper and cardboard.
1. What do we know about garbage sorting in Shanghai?
A. People should put their garbage into two categories.
B. It sets an example for many other cities in China.
C. People will be fined 200 yuan each time they break the regulations.
D. Shanghai is the first city to introduce garbage-sorting regulations in China.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“More cities are introducing similar regulations, following the practice in Shanghai.”可知,中国更多的城市正在效仿上海垃圾分类的做法,出台类似的规定。故选B。
答案:B
2. What is the current situation of garbage sorting in China?
A. Some people can properly sort their garbage.
B. Few people know the importance of garbage sorting.
C. People have been sorting their garbage adequately.
D. China’s garbage-sorting problem is the most serious in the world.
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中“Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are adequately sorting their trash, the study noted.”可知,一部分人可以正确地进行垃圾分类。故选A。
答案:A
3. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Why garbage sorting is important.
B. How other countries sort garbage.
C. Garbage sorting has started in China.
D. The world’s garbage problem is becoming worse.
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲了中国已经开始实行垃圾分类管理了。故选C。
答案:C
B
It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a summary of the climate science made by the Royal Society notes, “Global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activities.”
You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, and the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activities. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.
Of course, the Earth’s climate has always been changing due to natural factors such as volcanic eruptions or changes in solar system, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere—not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.
Even if scientists have discovered another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it,“If some newly discovered factors are to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other green-house gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths—one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.
4. How many natural factors causing global warming are mentioned in the text?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “... natural factors such as volcanic eruptions or changes in solar system, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun.” 可知,火山爆发、太阳系的变化或者地球绕太阳运行的周期是文中提到的三个导致气候变化的自然因素。故选C。
答案:C
5. How does the text develop?
A. By giving typical examples.
B. By following the order of space.
C. By analysing a theory and arguing it.
D. By comparing and finding differences.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,第一段提出人类活动是导致全球气候变暖的主要因素这一论点。接下来分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致全球变暖及其是否真的为全球变暖的主要因素。文章按照分析理论并论证的方式展开论述,故选C。
答案:C
6. What does the underlined word “identical” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Totally different.
B. Exactly the same.
C. Extremely important.
D. Partly independent.
解析:词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths—one with human influence and one without.” 可知,如果要分析全球变暖是否人类造成的,需要用两个完全一样的地球来进行实验,一个是有人类活动影响的地球,一个是没有人类活动影响的地球。由此推知identical 意为“完全一样的”。故选B。
答案:B
7. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?
B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?
C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?
D. What’s the Relation Between Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?
解析:标题归纳题。文章对人类活动是否是气候变暖的主要原因进行了讨论,结论是尚不能对此下定论,故选C。
答案:C
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