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专题05 阅读理解之记叙文
（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级校联考期中）
I worked in a junior high school near my mother’s house last year, and I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped her do some housework and buy some food.
After the first week, I noticed that the food was eaten up very quickly. Then I began keeping an eye on my mum. To my surprise, I found that she would put some of the food into a paper bag and go out with it at about nine every morning. And finally, I decided to follow her. I saw her taking the food to the street children. She would also spend a lot of time talking and playing with them.
One day, I talked to a neighbour and found out that my mum was well-known in the area. The children were very friendly with her and even thought of her as their own mother. Then it hit me why she wouldn’t want to tell me about it. Was she worried that I would stop buying food if I found out?
When my mum got home, I gave her a big hug. I told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret from me. And she told me something about the children. Some of them lived with an old lady in a small house. Others slept on the street. For years, she was helping the poor street children by giving them food. After she told me everything, I was so moved by how selfless she was. She helped others in need. As her son, I was so proud of my mum.
I continued to buy food for my mum after that. But I always added one more bag for her other children.
1．What did the writer notice after the first week?
A．The food was eaten up quickly. B．His mum stopped buying food.
C．The food was put into a big box. D．His mum followed the children.
2．What did the street children think of the writer’s mum?
A．They thought of her as an old grandma. B．They thought of her as a new neighbour.
C．They thought of her as their own mother. D．They thought of her as a dear teacher.
3．How did the writer feel about his mum after she told him everything?
A．He was proud of her. B．He was confident in her.
C．He was angry with her. D．He was worried about her.
4．Why did the writer add one more bag of food?
A．To make friends with the children. B．To help the poor street children.
C．To become famous in the area. D．To get a hug from his mother.
5．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．My mother and her neighbours B．Great love
C．My mother and I D．Bags of love
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以“袋子”为线索，讲述了作者善良的母亲为帮助街头贫穷儿童而无私给他们提供食物的故事，作者知道后为母亲而骄傲，悄悄地帮助母亲继续做好事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“After the first week, I noticed that the food was eaten up very quickly.”可知，在第一周后，作者注意到食物很快就被吃光了。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The children were very friendly with her and even thought of her as their own mother.”可知，街头流浪儿童把她当作自己的母亲。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“After she told me everything, I was so moved by how selfless she was.”可知，作者为自己的母亲而感动、骄傲。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段“For years, she was helping the poor street children by giving them food.”及“But I always added one more bag for her other children.”可知，作者又增加了一袋食物来帮助那些贫穷的流浪儿童。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文以“袋子”为线索，记叙了作者善良的母亲为帮助街头贫穷儿童而无私给他们提供食物的故事。A选项“爱的袋子”为最佳标题。故选D。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级校考期中）
Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old female（女性）scientist, became the first Chinese to win a Nobel Prize（诺贝尔奖）in science on Oct 5, 2015. Before that, she ever won the 2011 Lasker Award for finding out artemisinin（青蒿素）, which saved millions of lives. She was grateful（感激的）for the Lasker Prize, but said, “It is just a scientist’s duty. I will go on fighting for the health of all humans.”
Tu kept her work in the 1960s and 1970s. In that age, malaria（疟疾）could take away people’s health. Scientists all over the world had already tried over 240,000 times but failed. Tu Youyou, a member of the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, began to study Chinese herbs（中草药）.
Before 2011, people didn’t know Tu very much. Many friends played jokes with her “Professor of Three None’s”: no degree（学位）, no study experience abroad, not a member of any Chinese national colleges. But she is hard-working. She read a lot of traditional Chinese medicine books and did a lot of research on the disease.
In February, 2012, Tu was named National Outstanding Females (One of the ten). Tu is now a model of Chinese medical workers.
6．In the 1960s and the 1970s _______ could find ways to stop the Malaria.
A．scientists in China B．only Tu Youyou
C．scientists all over the world D．no scientist
7．From Tu Youyou’s story, we know that she is a _______ woman.
A．friendly B．honest C．clever D．hard-working
8．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Tu Youyou was the winner of the 2011 Lasker Award.
B．Tu Youyou was a professor（教授）of much experience abroad（国外的）.
C．Tu Youyou is the finder of artemisinin.
D．Tu Youyou was one of the ten National Outstanding Females.
【答案】6．D 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了科学家屠呦呦的事迹。之前被朋友们嘲讽为“三无教授”，但她刻苦努力，潜心研究，最终获得了诺贝尔科学奖等一系列国内外的奖项，同时她也是中国医疗工作者的优秀典范。但她说这是科学家的职责，也将继续为全人类的健康而奋斗。
6．细节理解题。根据“Scientists all over the world had already tried over 240,000 times but failed.”可知，在20世纪60至70年代没有科学家可以找到阻止疟疾的方法。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据“Many friends played jokes with her…Chinese medicine books and did a lot of research on the disease.” 虽然她被朋友们嘲笑为“三无教授”，但她很勤快。她阅读了许多中医书籍，对这一疾病做了很多研究。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“Many friends played jokes with her“Professor of Three None’s”：no degree, no study experience abroad, not a member of any Chinese national colleges.”可知，屠呦呦并不是国外很有研究经验的教授。故选B。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级校考期中）
William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564 on April the 23rd. His father was an important man in the town, so Shakespeare had a good childhood. Shakespeare probably went to school but not university. He got married when he was 18 to Anne Hathaway and the couple had 3 children.
Shakespeare wrote 38 plays and 154 sonnets. He began working in his hometown of Stratford, but by 1592, he began writing in London. He became rich enough to buy a house in the capital and another in Stratford. He wrote sad stories called tragedies (悲剧) like Romeo and Juliet, funny stories called comedies, romantic stories and stories about history, such as Julius Caesar.
Shakespeare died on his birthday in 1616, almost 400 years ago. But why are his works still popular today? His works looked into common human themes (主题) . They are a part of human nature today as they were all those years ago and in modern soap operas and Hollywood films.
We feel Shakespeare’s influence (影响) on the English language today. We talk about “fair play”, meaning honest behavior, and this phrase was first used by Shakespeare. And it was Shakespeare who came up with the expression of “disappear into thin air”, which we still use it today when we lose something. Besides, Shakespeare’s works have been translated into many other languages in the world.
9．When did William Shakespeare get married?
A．In 1582. B．In 1613. C．In 1616. D．In 1564.
10．William Shakespeare didn’t write ________ in his works.
A．tragedies B．stories about his childhood
C．stories about history D．comedies
11．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________.
A．one of his plays B．the phrase “disappear into thin air”
C．one of his poems D．the phrase “fair play”
12．What is mainly about in the last paragraph?
A．Shakespeare’s works have been translated into many languages.
B．Shakespeare invented many interesting words and phrases in English.
C．Shakespeare wrote many articles on how to understand English phrases.
D．Shakespeare’s works have a great influence on the English language.
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．B 12．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了莎士比亚。
9．细节理解题。根据“William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564 on April the 23rd.”可知，莎士比亚出生于1564年4月23日。根据“He got married when he was 18 to Anne Hathaway and the couple had 3 children.”可知，他18岁结婚，所以在1582年结婚，故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据“He wrote sad stories called tragedies (悲剧) like Romeo and Juliet, funny stories called comedies, romantic stories and stories about history, such as Julius Caesar.”可知，莎士比亚没有写他童年的故事，故选B。
11．词义猜测题。根据“ And it was Shakespeare who came up with the expression of “disappear into thin air”, which we still use it today when we lose something.”（莎士比亚提出了“disappear into thin air”这个表达，我们今天还在用它来形容我们失去了什么东西。）可知，it指的是“disappear into thin air”这个短语，故选B。
12．段落大意题。根据“We feel Shakespeare’s influence (影响) on the English language today. ”可知，最后一段主要讲述了莎士比亚作品对英语有很大的影响。故选D。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级西关外国语学校校考期中）
A young man went to an expert on gems(宝石) and wanted to learn from him. The expert shook his head. He worried that young men wouldn’t have the patience to learn. In his opinion, they were always in a hurry.
The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try. Finally the expert said, “Be here tomorrow.” The next morning the expert put a jade(翡翠) stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The man sat and waited excitedly. The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth, and fifth day the expert repeated the action.
On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone, but he could no longer stand the silence. “Sir,” he asked, “when am I going to learn something?”
“You will learn,” the expert replied.
Several more days went by. The man became more and more impatient. However, when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning, the young man shouted without looking at it “This is not the same jade stone!” “You have begun to learn,” the expert said with a smile.
13．What do we know about the expert at first?
A．He got angry with the young man.
B．He made friends with the young man.
C．He played a joke on the young man.
D．He refused to teach the young man.
14．How long did the man hold the jade stone without asking anything?
A．For three days. B．For five days.
C．For seven days. D．For half a month.
15．Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days?
A．It was a way of learning.
B．He was too busy to teach the man.
C．It was all that he could give the man.
D．There was no other work for the man to do.
16．How did the young man feel after he held the jade for several days?
A．Worried. B．Nervous. C．Excited D．Impatient.
17．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．A real expert on gems. B．Some good learning habits.
C．The importance of patience. D．The secret to learning quickly.
【答案】13．D 14．B 15．A 16．D 17．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这个故事讲述了一个年轻人向宝石专家学习的过程。通过反复握持一个玉石，并在经过一段时间后能够准确辨认不同石头的变化，年轻人逐渐悟道耐心与专注的重要性。
13．推理判断题。根据“The expert shook his head.”可知，专家摇了摇头，说明他拒绝了年轻人，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone, but he could no longer stand the silence.”可知，第六天，青年无法再沉默，说明他沉默了五天，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据“You have begun to learn”可知，专家说他已经开始学习了，说明这是一种学习的方式。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“Several more days went by. The man became more and more impatient.”可知，青年感觉很不耐烦，故选D。
17．主旨大意题。这个故事讲述了一个年轻人向宝石专家学习的过程。通过反复握持一个玉石，并在经过一段时间后能够准确辨认不同石头的变化，年轻人逐渐悟道耐心与专注的重要性。故选C。
（2022秋·广东潮州·八年级统考期中）
Wu Jingxun, 46, is from Foshan, Guangdong Province. About 15 years ago, when he came to volunteer at a village primary school in Sichuan Province, he found the kids there didn’t have enough books to read. He also found that there weren’t any books at the students’ homes.
After that, Wu and his friends at Friends Camp, a volunteer organization (组织), bought many books for the primary school.
One year later, in 2007, when they visited the school again, they found that children in the village did not know how to read. Even though you put great books in front of them, they just looked through the picture books. They didn’t learn from the books. This made Wu and his friends think how to teach children to read.
In some good primary schools, grade-three students can finish reading 15 books a year and, sometimes even more. But, in poor villages, grade-six students only know about 1,800 Chinese characters (汉字).
Now Wu focuses on (专注) picture books and science as he volunteers to teach children how to read. “If they can take up reading as a good habit, they can benefit (受益) more. They can read in their free time but not just play games or use Douyin (抖音) on their phones,” Wu said.
18．When did Wu Jingxun visit the primary school for the first time?
A．In 2004. B．In 2005. C．In 2006. D．In 2007.
19．What is Friends Camp?
A．A primary school. B．An interesting book.
C．A village name. D．A volunteer organization.
20．After Wu Jingxun visited the primary school in 2007, he decided to ________.
A．ask more friends to join him B．buy more books for the children
C．teach the children how to read books D．come to the primary school more often
21．What does the phrase “even though” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A．此外 B．即使 C．但是 D．由于
22．Which is the best title of the passage?
A．Popular books B．Wu and his friends
C．A volunteer teacher D．After-school reading
【答案】18．C 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章介绍了一位叫吴敬勋的志愿者，他在四川省的一个村庄小学发现孩子们没有足够的书籍阅读，于是他和朋友购买了很多书籍。然而，他们发现孩子们不知道如何阅读，于是吴敬勋决定专注于图片书和科学知识，志愿教孩子们如何阅读，让他们养成良好的阅读习惯。
18．推理判断题。根据“One year later, in 2007, when they visited the school again”可知，他第一次来是2006年。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“After that, Wu and his friends at Friends Camp, a volunteer organization (组织), bought many books for the primary school.”可知，“朋友营”是一个志愿者组织。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据“One year later, in 2007, when they visited the school again...This made Wu and his friends think how to teach children to read.”可知，他们决定教会孩子如何读书。故选C。
21．词义猜测题。根据“Even though you put great books in front of them, they just looked through the picture books.”可知，即使把好书放在孩子们面前，他们也只是翻阅图画书。前后两句存在转折关系，划线短语even though意为“尽管，即使”。故选B。
22．最佳标题题。通读全文后可知，本文主要介绍了了一位叫吴敬勋的志愿者老师是如何帮助贫困地区的孩子们的。所以文章的最佳标题应是选项C“一名志愿者教师”，符合文意。故选C。
（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级南山实验教育麒麟中学校联考期中）
Hou Changliang, 37, was a volunteer teacher from Hunan. After graduating from college in 2011, Hou has been teaching in rural schools in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan until now.
Starting from 2018, Hou posted pictures of his everyday life with students on the video-sharing platform Douyin. The videos have got more than 7.3 million likes. Recently, his story has made national headlines, reported China Daily. What’s the most important thing to help develop rural education? With first-hand experience, Hou would say it’s not buying new books or desks, but a change of mindset.
For example, for two years, he had to fight the drop-out rate of his students in Guangxi, reported CGTN. Local people often saw little reason to support their children’s education, especially the education of girls. Once he had to spend hours persuading (说服) a girl’s father to let her finish nine years of free compulsory (义务的) education.
Hou also encouraged rural students to understand and love their hometown. “Only in this way will they care about its future and that of its people,” he said. He realized that textbooks sometimes focus too much on city life and rarely include scenes of rural life. “As rural students look up to the city life shown in textbooks, they may just want to go away from home,” he said.
So he sometimes included images of rural life in his teaching materials. He also turned farming work such as collecting bamboo shoots into topics for writing tasks and math problems. He wanted the young people to feel proud of their villages.
“They need to leave the mountains and see a larger world, but they are also the hope of rural areas,” said Hou.
23．How many years has Hou taught in rural schools?
A．10 years. B．4 years. C．25 years. D．12 years.
24．Why did Hou spend a long time bringing the girl back to school to finish her compulsory education?
A．Because the girl’s father paid more attention to the boy’s education.
B．Because the girl wanted to go back to school.
C．Because Hou aimed at supporting children’s education.
D．Because local people didn’t care about children’s education at all.
25．What did Hou do to let his students understand and love their hometown?
A．They collected bamboo shoots.
B．They read articles about rural life in their textbooks.
C．They went outside to experience city life.
D．They solved math problems about farming work.
26．Which word can be used to describe Hou?
A．Careful. B．Devoted. C．Energetic. D．Cheerful.
27．Where can you probably read the passage?
A．In a newspaper. B．In a science magazine.
C．In an advertisement. D．In a storybook.
【答案】23．D 24．D 25．D 26．B 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了支教老师侯长亮的感人事迹。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“After graduating from college in 2011, Hou has been teaching in rural schools in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan until now.”可知，2011年大学毕业后，侯一直在广西、贵州和云南的农村学校任教，直到现在。故侯老师在农村学校教了12年。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Local people often saw little reason to support their children’s education, especially the education of girls. Once he had to spend hours persuading (说服) a girl’s father to let her finish nine years of free compulsory (义务的) education.”可知，侯花了很长时间把女孩带回学校完成义务教育，是因为当地人根本不关心孩子的教育。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He also turned farming work such as collecting bamboo shoots into topics for writing tasks and math problems. He wanted the young people to feel proud of their villages.”可知，侯老师通过将收集竹笋等农活变成了写作任务和数学问题的主题，来让他的学生了解和热爱他们的家乡。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据“After graduating from college in 2011, Hou has been teaching in rural schools in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan until now.”、“Starting from 2018, Hou posted pictures of his everyday life with students on the video-sharing platform Douyin. The videos have got more than 7.3 million likes. Recently, his story has made national headlines, reported China Daily.”等句子及全文内容可知，侯老师是具有奉献精神的人。devoted“具有奉献精神的”可以用来形容侯。故选B。
27．推理判断题。通读全文可知，主要讲述了支教老师侯长亮的感人事迹，文章可能出现在报纸上。故选A。
（2022秋·广东湛江·八年级校联考期中）
Kelly and Karen were twin sisters. They were very similar in many ways. They also had many hobbies in common. In the third grade, the girls were put in the same class, which made them very excited.
Kelly and Karen came to school together each day and they liked to sit near each other. They also loved to be on the same kickball team. All of this meant that the girls spent a lot of time together. They did not mind, but others started to notice that the two girls were together all the time. Kids started to refer to Kelly and Karen as “The Twins”. Sometimes, other students called them by the wrong name. Their teacher did the same thing one day too! This bothered the girls. They began to wonder when people would see them as individuals(个体).
The girls decided to make some changes. They wanted to find a few friends of their own. They also decided to try new activities. Kelly played soccer while Karen took piano lessons. It took some time and some work. At last, the two girls felt they had made some good changes. They were still best friends. However, they each had a new, separate life. Each girl found new friends. They both loved their new hobbies. Finally, kids did not call them “The Twins”. They were called Kelly and Karen, just as they should be.
28．Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A．Kelly and Karen had very different hobbies.
B．Kelly and Karen were happy about being in the same class.
C．Kelly and Karen hardly went to school together.
D．Kelly and Karen couldn’t stand being on the same kickball team.
29．What does the underlined word “bothered” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．困惑 B．焦虑 C．困扰 D．打击
30．How did Kelly and Karen change in this story?
A．They found their own interests and friends.
B．They lost their friends and were called Kelly and Karen.
C．They began arguing and never be friends.
D．They asked their friends not to call them “The Twins”.
31．From the passage, we can infer(推断) that the author’s opinion about twins is that ________.
A．twins like to play the piano and play soccer B．twins should always spend time together.
C．twins should be seen as two different people D．twins should have same friends and hobbies
32．This passage is most probably from ________.
A．a science book B．a travel magazine C．a dairy D．a school magazine
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D
【导语】本文主要讲了两个双胞胎由总是在一起变成独立个体的故事。
28．细节理解题。根据“In the third grade, the girls were put in the same class, which made them very excited.”可知，被安排在一个班级，两个女孩非常开心，B选项“凯利和凯伦很高兴能上同一个班。”符合，故选B。
29．词义猜测题。根据“Sometimes, other students called them by the wrong name. Their teacher did the same thing one day too! This bothered the girls.”可知，同学们和老师叫错名字这件事肯定是令人烦恼的，C选项“困扰”最符合句意。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“They wanted to find a few friends of their own. They also decided to try new activities. ”可知，两人通过找属于自己的朋友和新的活动来做出改变，A选项“他们找到了自己的兴趣和朋友。”符合。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“They were called Kelly and Karen, just as they should be.”可知，作者认为这两人就应该是独立的个体，C选项“双胞胎应该被视为两个不同的人”符合，故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据全文可知，讲的是两双胞胎在学校发生的故事，所以D选项“一本学校杂志”最符合。故选D。
（2022秋·广东清远·八年级校联考期中）
It was midnight. Zhang Yong’s phone, however, was still busy. The messages were all from food suppliers (供应商). The man carefully read them. He was trying to get enough food for the people in his neighborhood.
Shanghai was suffering from (遭受) the serious COVID-19 (新冠肺炎). Since mid-March, Zhang kept volunteering in his neighborhood to help people out. After days of lockdown, many families began to run out of food. It was hard for them to order food online as there were few drivers. Group buying worked better. But it needed a coordinator (统筹). As the youngest among all the volunteers in the neighborhood, Zhang decided to work as the role.
He began by ordering 60 boxes of milk for his neighborhood (邻居). After this success, more and more people joined his WeChat group. It was a hard work. ▲ Sometimes, some members didn’t pay on time. Zhang often couldn’t go to bed until (直到) 2 a.m.and he had to get up at 6 a.m. to order things. However, he felt happy to be able to help others.
You are lucky if you’ve been well fed in the past several (几，数) weeks. But you must not forget all past several weeks. But you must not forget all the hard work behind the food.
33．What was Zhang Yong’s main job?
A．Sending food to people in his city.
B．Sending information to food suppliers.
C．Teaching people to order food.
D．Ordering food for his neighbors.
34．What does the underlined word “lockdown” mean in Chinese?
A．封闭 B．下载 C．上锁 D．堵截
35．Which of the following can be put into the ▲ ?
A．People love to buy food in this way.
B．People all joined him to send food.
C．Sometimes, the number of buyers wasn’t enough.
D．The local government began to solve it.
36．What do you think of Zhang Yong?
A．Friendly and helpful. B．Busy and lucky.
C．Active and popular. D．Smart and hard-working.
37．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．New Ways of Group Buying B．The Hard Life in Shanghai
C．The Meaning of Being a Volunteer D．The Hard Work Behind Your Food
【答案】33．D 34．A 35．C 36．A 37．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述志愿者张勇在上海疫情期间承担起为人们统筹团购物资的事。
33．细节理解题。根据“It was hard for them to order food online as there were few drivers. Group buying worked better. But it needed a coordinator (统筹者). As the youngest among all the volunteers in the neighborhood, Zhang decided to work as the role.”可知，张勇的主要工作是统筹团购，帮邻居们买东西。故选D。
34．词句猜测题。根据“After days of lockdown, many families began to run out of food.”可知，封闭后的几天，很多家庭都开始吃完食物了，lockdown意为“封闭”。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据“It was a hard work...Sometimes, some members didn’t pay on time.”可知，此处描述团购很难，有时成员没有及时付款，因此空处应是团购难的具体表现，选项C“有时购买成员不够”符合语境。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据“As the youngest among all the volunteers in the neighborhood, Zhang decided to work as the role.”，“After this success, more and more people joined his WeChat group.”和“However, he felt happy to be able to help others.”可知，张勇主动承担团购统筹工作，人们也纷纷加入他的团购群，而张勇也乐于帮助他人，由此推断他是一个友好且乐于助人的人。故选A。
37．最佳标题题。根据“You are lucky if you’ve been well fed in the past several weeks. But you must not forget all the hard work behind the food.”和全文可知，志愿者张勇在上海疫情期间承担起为人们统筹团购物资的工作，为人们购买食物，他的邻居们所得到的食物背后都有着张勇的辛劳付出。所以文章的最佳标题应是选项D“食物背后的辛勤付出”。故选D。
（2022秋·广东佛山·八年级校考期中）
When I was in Grade 8, I had a heated argument（争吵）with my classmate, Tony. I have forgotten what the argument was about, but I have never forgotten the lesson I learned that day.
I believed that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrong and he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us a lesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and round object. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what color the object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the object was white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony and me, this time about the color of the object.
The teacher told me to go and stand where Tony was standing and told him to go and stand where I was standing. We changed places, and now she asked me what color the sides—from his side it was white, while from my side it was black. “Boys, now, what do you say?” The teacher smiled at us. Tony has been my best friend ever since.
My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: When you disagree with others, you’d better be in their shoes. That will help you look at the situation through their eyes, and truly understand their ideas and ways of thinking.
38．What did the teacher do at first?
A．She shouted at the boys. B．She called the boys’ parents.
C．She walked out of the classroom. D．She brought the boys to her desk.
39．How did the writer feel when Tony answered “white” in paragraph 2?
A．Surprised. B．Pleased. C．Afraid. D．Thankful.
40．Why did the writer give two different answers?
A．Because he was unfriendly to Tony.
B．Because he changed his place with Tony.
C．Because he wanted to have another argument.
D．Because he turned around the object.
41．What would the writer probably do after this lesson?
A．He would forget the arguments.
B．He might shake hands with Tony.
C．He would sit in the front of the class.
D．He might listen to the teacher carelessly.
42．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Great minds think the same B．Many hands make light work
C．Look at things in another way D．Burn the candle at both ends
【答案】38．D 39．A 40．B 41．B 42．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在八年级时跟同学产生了一次激烈的争吵，老师让作者和另外一位同学明白，要学会站在对方的角度去考虑问题。
38．细节理解题。根据“She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other. ”可知，老师先把这两个男孩带到桌子前，故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据“I couldn’t believe he said the object was white! ‘Clearly, it was black!’”可知，作者看到的是黑色，而Tony回答是白色，所以Tony的回答让作者感到惊讶，故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据“We changed places, and now she asked me what color the sides—from his side it was white, while from my side it was black.”可知，因为作者再次站在不同的方向时，看到这个物体是另一个颜色，所以给出了两个不同的答案，故选B。
41．推理判断题。根据“The teacher smiled at us. Tony has been my best friend ever since.”可知，自从那以后作者和Tony成为了好朋友，由此可推断经过这个事情他们会握手言和，故选B。
42．最佳标题题。根据“When you disagree with others, you’d better be in their shoes”可知，本文通过作者的经历告诉我们要站在别人的角度考虑问题，所以C选项“学会从另一个角度看问题”符合本文标题，故选C。
（2022秋·广东江门·八年级新会陈经纶中学校考期中）
I will never forget my first English class. My first English teacher was an interesting man. On my first day in the school, the teacher told us that his English name was Jason. Then he asked all of us to think of an English name for ourselves.
I thought about it for a long time. Then I got an idea—why didn’t I call myself Apple? I loved the fruit best. I wrote down the name on a piece of paper and gave it to Jason. Later, when Jason called “Apple”, three girls stood up at the same time.
The class laughed. Jason stopped them and said,“Girls, I’m sorry to say Apple is not really an English name. Would you like me to give you one?”
“Of course, we’d love to,” we said happily together.
Finally, Jason called me April. He said it was a beautiful name. I was born in April. I love the name.
Well, if you call me “April” now, I will say hi to you.
43．The writer called herself Apple because ________.
A．she loved apples B．her mother called her Apple
C．many people loved the name Apple D．there were many apples in her home
44．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to (指的是) ________.
A．the apple B．the paper C．the homework D．the book
45．________ made the class laugh.
A．A funny story told by Jason B．A student’s funny English name
C．Jason’s interesting class D．The fact that three students had the same name
46．What did Jason think of the name “April”?
A．It didn’t fit the writer. B．It was his favorite English name.
C．It was a beautiful name. D．He liked it because he was born in April.
47．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．Jason was strict with the class B．Four girls got the same name
C．The writer only liked apples D．Jason was a very nice teacher
【答案】43．A 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者难忘的第一节英语课。
43．细节理解题。根据“Then I got an idea—why didn’t I call myself Apple? I loved the fruit best. I wrote down the name on a piece of paper and gave it to Jason.”可知，作者叫自己“Apple”是因为她喜欢苹果。故选A。
44．词义猜测题。根据“I wrote down the name on a piece of paper and gave it to Jason.”可知，作者把自己的英文名写在一张纸上，然后把这张纸交给了英语老师Jason。所以此处的划线单词it应是指代前文中的“那张纸”。故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据“Later, when Jason called “Apple”, three girls stood up at the same time. The class laughed.”可知，当Jason老师叫“Apple”时，有三个女孩同时站起来了，然后全班都笑了。所以是因为有三个女孩起了一样的英文名“Apple”，而让全班大笑了起来。故选D。
46．细节理解题。根据“Finally, Jason called me April. He said it was a beautiful name.”可知，Jason觉得“April”是一个很美的名字。故选C。
47．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Jason是一名英语老师，作者认为他是一位很有趣的人，在英语课上有三个女孩给自己起了一样的英文名而被全班大笑时，Jason会让大家别再笑，并耐心跟学生们解释“Apple”不是一个真正的英文名，还给这三位女孩起了各自的英文名。由此可推断，Jason是一个非常好的老师。故选D。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级校考期中）
Nancy liked inventing things. She wanted to win in the coming competition. Every day after school, she rushed home to work on her invention. At last, she finished it just on the day of the competition.
The invention was a big music box with beautiful lights. Nancy turned the handle (手柄) to light it up. Nothing happened. She turned it faster. Still no light was lit up.
That night, Nancy went to the town hall with a heavy heart. Jenny Rocket, the judge of the competition, came into the hall on her bike. She put the bike against the wall and started to see the inventions.
Nancy’s hands got wet as she came over. “Could you please show me how your machine works?” Nancy turned the handle very fast. Slow music came from the machine and the lights went on and off.
Jenny said, “It needs more power, I’m sure you’ll find a way to make it work better.” Jenny’s words were almost finished when suddenly all the lights went out. Everyone worried the competition would be stopped.
At that moment, Nancy noticed Jenny’s bike. “I know how to light up the room!” she shouted. She connected her machine to the bike and started riding the bike. The light from the machine lit up the hall, Jenny finally finished her saying. “The best inventions solve problems,” she said. “Tonight, we had a problem and one person saved the day. The winner is ... Nancy!”
48．Why did Nancy go home in a hurry every day?
A．Because she wanted to play music. B．Because she wanted to do her homework.
C．Because she wanted to make a music box. D．Because she wanted to look after her mother.
49．What was wrong with Nancy’s invention before she went to the hall?
A．It was too big to use. B．It couldn’t be lit up.
C．Its handle was difficult to turn. D．The music it made was too slow.
50．How did Nancy make her invention work better?
A．By driving it with a bike. B．By turning the handle more slowly.
C．By starting the machine again. D．By turning the lights on and off.
51．What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A．Bikes are so important. B．Many hands make light work.
C．Keep trying and you’ll finally succeed. D．It’s never too late to learn something new.
52．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A stupid girl. B．A bike lover. C．A special handle. D．The best invention.
【答案】48．C 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Nancy如何一步一步地让她的发明变得越来越完美，最后成功的故事。
48．细节理解题。根据“she rushed home to work on her invention.”及“The invention was a big music box with beautiful lights.”可知，Nancy冲回家是为了完成她的发明，她的发明是一个有美丽灯光的大音乐盒。故选C。
49．细节理解题。根据“Nancy turned the handle (手柄) to light it up. Nothing happened. She turned it faster. Still no light was lit up.”可知，在Nancy去大厅之前，她的发明的灯光无法被点亮。故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据“She connected her machine to the bike and started riding the bike. The light from the machine lit up the hall,”可知，Nancy把机器连接到自行车上，开始骑自行车，机器发出的光照亮了大厅，故选A。
51．主旨大意题。根据“The best inventions solve problems”可知，最好的发明是解决问题，说明只要努力尝试，最终总会成功的。故选C。
52．最佳标题题。根据“The best inventions solve problems,”可知，本文是围绕“发明”展开的，选项D“最好的发明”可以作为本文的标题。故选D。
（2022秋·广东茂名·八年级校考期中）
For Schultz, a 77-year-old man, this is a chance of a lifetime. Schultz is part of a group of around 50 Germans who are on a bus journey along the ancient Silk Road (丝绸之路).
Speaking of his journey, he says, “I have been deeply interested in the Silk Road since I was a child, but now I finally have a chance to experience it.”
The two-month bus journey will take the group through Germany, Russia, and other 4 European countries. They will then enter China from the country’s western part. It will be an unforgettable memory(记忆) for them.
Nearly half of the 13,000-kilometre trip will be inside China. From Xinjiang in the west to Shanghai in the east, the German visitors will see more than 20 Chinese cities. “We have managed(完成) the trip of the Silk Road for around 10 years. An increasing number of people, not only from German-speaking countries, have been joining us.” says Liu Guoqiang from China Tours.
Almost 26 million foreigners travelled to China in 2015, and about 5 million of them were from Europe. Beijing, Xi’an, Shanghai and the Changjiang River are traditional Chinese travel destinations for European tourists. Speaking of where he wants to go, Schultz says, “Compared with modern cities, the culture in western China attracts(吸引) me more.”
As Shi Xiang, head of the China Tours, says “Being a new brand(品牌) to attract foreign visitors, the Silk Road is good for people to know more about China, especially the northwestern part of the country.”
53．How will the group of around 50 Germans have the tour?
A．By car. B．By train. C．By bus. D．By subway.
54．Where will the German group enter China?
A．From the western part of China. B．From Beijing.
C．From the eastern part of China. D．From Shanghai.
55．According to Liu Guoqiang, how long has China Tours managed the trip?
A．For 26 months. B．For around 10 years.
C．For 2 months. D．For about 20 years.
56．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “destinations”?
A．标志 B．道路 C．品牌 D．目的地
57．Which is the best title for this passage?
A．Silk Road: A fashionable way to buy silk.
B．Silk Road: An old brand to attract Chinese.
C．Silk Road: A new way to learn about China.
D．Silk Road: A better chance to see modern cities.
【答案】53．C 54．A 55．B 56．D 57．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了舒尔茨乘坐巴士沿着古丝绸之路旅行的事情。
53．细节理解题。根据“Schultz is part of a group of around 50 Germans who are on a bus journey along the ancient Silk Road”可知舒尔茨是乘坐巴士。故选C。
54．细节理解题。根据“They will then enter China from the country’s western part”可知他们是从中国西部进入中国。故选A。
55．细节理解题。根据“We have managed the trip of the Silk Road for around 10 years”可知经营丝绸之路旅行已经10年了。故选B。
56．词义猜测题。根据“Beijing, Xi’an, Shanghai and the Changjiang River are traditional Chinese travel…”可知是这些地方是中国传统的旅行目的地。故选D。
57．最佳标题题。本文介绍了德国人舒尔茨乘坐巴士沿着古丝绸之路旅行的经历，C项“丝绸之路：了解中国的新方式”最适合做标题。故选C。
（2022秋·广西梧州·八年级校考期中）
Each morning a rich man found a poor man sitting on a park bench(长凳). The poor man always sat there, looking at the big hotel in which the rich man lived. One day the rich man got out of his car and said to the poor man, “Excuse me, but I just want to know why you sit here and look at my hotel every morning.”“Sir”, said the poor man, “I am a failure(失败者). I have no money, no family, no home. I sleep on this bench, and every night I dream that one day I’ll sleep in that hotel.” The rich man said, “Tonight your dream will come true. I’ll pay for the best room in that hotel for you for a whole month.”
A few days later, the rich man went by the poor man’s room to ask him how he was enjoying himself. To his surprise, he found that the man had moved out of the hotel, back to his park bench. When the rich man asked why, the poor man said, “You see, when I am down here sleeping on my bench, I dream I’m up there, in that big hotel. It’s a wonderful dream. But when I was up there, I dreamed I was back to this cold bench. It was a terrible dream, and I couldn’t get any sleep at all.”
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。
58．The poor man lived in ________ before he met the rich man.
A．the hotel B．his home C．the park D．the car
59．Every morning, the poor man sat on the bench and ________.
A．waited for the rich man B．looked at the rich man’s hotel
C．looked at the rich man’s car D．enjoyed the clean air
60．Every night the poor man dreamed of ________.
A．sleeping in that hotel B．becoming rich
C．owning that hotel D．being the rich man’s friend
61．How long can the poor man live in the hotel for free?
A．Tonight. B．One night. C．A few days. D．A whole month.
62．The poor man moved out of the hotel because ________.
A．he didn’t want to live in such a fine room B．he didn’t like the rich man
C．he couldn’t pay for the room D．he couldn’t get any sleep at all there
【答案】58．C 59．B 60．A 61．D 62．D
【导语】本文讲述了一个穷人住在公园里，他每晚梦见自己住在富人的宾馆里。富人知道后让他免费住那个宾馆一个月。但是这个穷人因为晚上总是做梦又回到公园里，因此他睡不好觉，他搬出了那个宾馆。
58．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Each morning a rich man found a poor man sitting on a park bench”可知每天早上，一个富人发现一个穷人坐在公园的长椅上。因此是在公园里。故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据第一段的“ The poor man always sat there, looking at the big hotel in which the rich man lived.”可知穷人总是坐在那里，看着富人住的大旅馆。故选B。
60．细节理解题。根据第一段的“ I sleep on this bench, and every night I dream that one day I’ll sleep in that hotel.”可知穷人睡在这条长椅上，每天晚上都梦想有一天我会睡在那家酒店里。故选A。
61．细节理解题。根据第一段末尾的“I’ll pay for the best room in that hotel for you for a whole month.”（我会为你支付那家酒店最好的房间整整一个月的费用）可知，穷人可以住一个月。故选D。
62．细节理解题。根据第二段结尾的“But when I was up there, I dreamed I was back to this cold bench. It was a terrible dream, and I couldn’t get any sleep at all.”可知但当穷人在那里时，梦见自己回到了这个冰冷的板凳上。这是一个可怕的梦，他根本无法入睡。故选D。
（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级校考期中）
“You say your hair is gone?” Jim’s eyes popped out and said like an idiot（傻子）.
“You needn’t look for it,” said Della. “It’s sold. I tell you—sold and gone, too. It’s Christmas Eve, boy. Be good to me, for it went for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered,” she went on with a sudden serious sweetness, “but nobody could ever count my love for you.”
Jim drew a package from his coat pocket and threw it upon the table. “Don’t make any mistake, Dell ...” he said, “...about me. I don’t think there’s anything in the way of a haircut or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less. But if you’ll open that package you may understand.”
White fingers at the string and paper. And then an excited scream of joy; and then a quick change to uncontrollable tears. For there lay the combs—the set of combs, that Della had dreamed of for long in a Broadway window. Beautiful combs with jeweled rims（边缘）—just the color to wear in her beautiful hair. They were expensive combs, she knew, and her heart had craved over them without the least hope of having them. And now they were hers, but the hair was gone.
   She hugged them to her bosom（胸口）, and at last she was able to look up with dim（黯淡的）eyes and a smile and say: “My hair grows so fast, Jim!”
(From The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry)
63．Jim was ________ to see that Della’s hair was gone.
A．excited B．angry C．surprised D．upset
64．What did Jim buy for Della?
A．A set of combs. B．A bottle of shampoo. C．A beautiful package. D．A set of jewelry.
65．What do we know about Jim from Paragraph 3?
A．Jim misunderstood Della. B．Jim loved Della deeply.
C．Jim regretted buying the gift. D．Jim was lying to Della.
66．What does the underlined phrase “craved over ” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．was unaware of B．didn’t like C．found out D．dreamt to have
67．What can we infer from “My hair grows so fast” in the last paragraph?
A．Della wanted to show off her hair. B．Della also bought an expensive gift for Jim.
C．Della didn’t need the combs. D．Della liked the set of combs very much.
【答案】63．C 64．A 65．B 66．D 67．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章节选自《麦琪的礼物》，主要讲述了吉姆为他的妻子黛拉买了她梦寐以求的梳子作为圣诞节礼物，但是妻子却把长发给卖了出去。
63．推理判断题。根据“Jim’s eyes popped out and said like an idiot（傻子）.”可推测吉姆看到妻子头发没了后很惊讶。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据“For there lay the combs—the set of combs”可知吉姆给妻子买了一套梳子。故选A。
65．推理判断题。根据“I don’t think there’s anything in the way of a haircut or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less”可知吉姆不认为理发或洗发水会让我不再喜欢他的妻子，推测吉姆很爱他的妻子。故选B。
66．词句猜测题。根据“...her heart had craved over them...And now they were hers, but the hair was gone.”可知这个礼物一直是黛拉梦寐以求的。猜测该词组表达“梦想拥有”。故选D。
67．推理判断题。根据“She hugged them to her bosom（胸口）, and at last she was able to look up with dim（黯淡的）eyes and a smile...”可推断黛拉非常喜欢这套梳子。故选D。
（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级校考期中）
Queen Elizabeth II, the UK’s longest-serving monarch (君主), died aged 96 at Balmoral Castle in Scotland, on Sept 8. Elizabeth became queen in 1952. Her eldest son, Charles, 74, has now become Britain’s new monarch, known as King Charles III.    
The UK began a 10-day mourning period (哀悼期) on Sept 9. Flags flying from government buildings were half-staff (下半旗). People have been able to see the queen’s coffin (灵柩), first in Edinburgh and then in London.
“It’s just so heartbreaking,” said Laura Lang, from Georgia, US, seeing the queen’s cortege (送葬队伍) pass her in Edinburgh. “Look, I know the queen is ‘Britain’. But she’s the queen of the world,” Laura told Sky News.
In her 70-year reign (在位), the queen committed (致力于) her life to serving her country. She supported over 600 charities (慈善机构) and had a close link with the public. In the UK, every Christmas day, people would turn on their TVs to listen to the queen’s heart-warming Christmas speech.
Her death has been felt across the globe. In Washington, the US flag was lowered to half staff to mark the passing of the queen. French President Emmanuel Macron said, “The woman who stood alongside the giants of the 20th century on the path of history has left to join them.”
68．How old was Queen Elizabeth II when she became the monarch?
A．26 years old.. B．74 years old. C．96 years old. D．70 years old.
69．What do we know about Queen Elizabeth II?
A．Her funeral was set on Sept 9.
B．Her eldest son took over her position.
C．Flags were half-staff for one day to mourn her.
D．She became the UK monarch 96 years ago.
70．What can we learn from Lang’s words?
A．All countries should have such a queen.
B．She doesn’t take the queen as her role model.
C．People all over the world respect the queen.
D．The queen once wanted to rule the whole world.
71．What does the writer want to show by the example of Christmas speeches?
A．The queen liked to do charity.
B．The queen loved giving speeches.
C．The queen was close to the public.
D．The queen often showed up on TV.
72．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Powerful countries of the 20th century.
B．Why the passing of the queen is a pity.
C．Other countries’ reactions to the queen’s death.
D．How the giants in the world remember the queen.
【答案】68．A 69．B 70．C 71．C 72．C
【导语】本文向我们介绍伊丽莎白女王二世的生平事迹，以及她的离世和各国的反应。
68．推理判断题。根据“Queen Elizabeth II, the UK’s longest-serving monarch (君主), died aged 96 at Balmoral Castle in Scotland, on Sept 8. Elizabeth became queen in 1952.”可知，伊丽莎白女王二世享年96岁，她在1952年成为女王。故可推知，她在26岁时成为了女王。故选A。
69．细节理解题。根据“Her eldest son, Charles, has now become Britain’s new monarch”可知，她的长子查尔斯现在成为了英国的新君主，即接替了她的位置。故选B。
70．推理判断题。根据“But she’s the queen of the world”和“Her death has been felt across the globe.”可知，她是世界的女王，她的离世引起了全世界的共鸣。由此推知，全世界的人都尊敬女王。故选C。
71．推理判断题。根据“She supported over 600 charities and had a close link with the public, noted Sky News.”可知，她支持了600多个慈善机构，故可推知她与公众保持着密切的联系。故选C。
72．段落大意题。分析最后一段内容可知，本段介绍其他国家对女王离世的反应。故选C。
（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级统考期中）
When Josh Sundquist was nine years old, he lost his left leg to cancer (癌症), but that has never stopped him from living life to the fullest. In later life, Josh became a skier and a writer. He even works as a comedian (喜剧演员) and is famous for his funny Halloween costumes!

More than ten years ago, Josh began to make good use of his missing leg in his Halloween costume designs (设计). In 2020, he cosplayed (扮演) Groot, the tree from the Guardians of the Galaxy movie series (《银河护卫队》系列). “Groot and his friends have met many difficulties,” said Josh. “But he’s always smiling, dancing and having a good time.” He hoped to encourage people to stay happy like Groot during COVID-19.
In 2021, what costume did Josh wear to win over his own Groot one? Well, he spent months practicing in the gym. He worked on posing his body into a very “inhuman” shape. Finally, Josh showed up in his 2021 costume—a microscope (显微镜)!
Check out the picture on the right. Can this pose? Josh continues to bring people laughter with his Halloween costumes. We can’t wait to see what he’ll be wearing for this year’s Halloween!
73．What happened to Josh when he was nine?
A．He lost his left arm. B．He began learning to ski.
C．He had a bad cancer. D．He worked as a comedian.
74．What is Josh famous for?
A．His sports talent. B．His books. C．His shows. D．His costumes.
75．What can you know about Groot?
A．He will show up in 2022 costume.
B．He was always having a good time.
C．He likes to watch the Galaxy movie series.
D．He brought people laughter with his costumes.
76．When did Josh costume as a microscope?
A．In 2019. B．In 2020. C．In 2021. D．In 2022.
77．What can you learn from the passage?
A．Cosplay is more and more popular in China.
B．Groot is a pretty character in the Star Wars series.
C．There are many problems waiting for us in our life.
D．We should try to live a happy life in the face of challenges.
【答案】73．C 74．D 75．B 76．C 77．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了乔希·桑德奎斯特九岁时因癌症失去了左腿，但这从未阻止他尽情享受人生。在后来的生活中，乔希成为了一名滑雪运动员和作家。他甚至是一名喜剧演员，并以滑稽的万圣节服装而闻名。
73．细节理解题。根据“When Josh Sundquist was nine years old, he lost his left leg to cancer ”可知在九岁时因为癌症失去双腿。故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据“He even works as a comedian (喜剧演员) and is famous for his funny Halloween costumes”可知他以滑稽的万圣节服装而闻名。故选D。
75．细节理解题。根据“‘Groot and his friends have met many difficulties,’ said Josh. ‘But he’s always smiling, dancing and having a good time’”可知格鲁特总是微笑着，跳舞，总是很开心。故选B。
76．细节理解题。根据“Finally, Josh showed up in his 2021 costume—a microscope”可知乔什穿着2021年的戏服显微镜出现了。故选C。
77．主旨大意题。通读文章，可知乔希·桑德奎斯特尽管因为癌症失去双腿，但是依然直面生活的挑战，并以滑稽的万圣节服装而闻名。故选D。
（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级校考期中）
When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car.
Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find a good place to live. I suggested that they should stay at “bed and breakfast” houses, because this kind of places can give a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family. My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.
“We didn’t stay at ‘bed and breakfast’ houses,” they said, “because we found that most families were away on holiday.” I thought this was strange. Finally I understood what had happened. My friends spoke little English, and they thought “VACANCIES” meant “holidays”, because the Spanish word for “holidays” is “vacations”. So they did not go to house where the sign outside said “VACANCIES”, which in English means there are free rooms. Then my friends went to house where the sign said “NO VACANCIES”, because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday. But they found that these houses were all full. Actually, this means “no free rooms”. As a result, they stayed at hotels!
We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs. In Spanish, the word “DIVERSION” means fun. In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road. When my friends saw the word “DIVERSION” on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun. Instead, the road ended in a large hole.
English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages. Once in Paris when the waiter was going to offer me some more coffee, I said “Thank you” in French. I meant that I would like some more. However, to my surprise, the coffee pot was taken away! Later I found out that “Thank you” in French means “No, thank you.”
78．My Spanish friends wanted advice about ________.
A．learning English B．finding places to stay in England
C．driving their car on English roads D．going to England by car
79．I suggested that they stay at “bed and breakfast” houses because ________.
A．they would be able to practice their English
B．it would be much cheaper than staying in hotels
C．it would be convenient for them to have dinner
D．there would be no problem about finding accommodation (住宿) there
80．“NO VACANCIES” in English means “________”.
A．no free rooms B．free rooms C．not away on holiday D．holidays
81．If you see a road sign that says “Diversion” in England, you will ________.
A．fall into a hole
B．have a lot of fun and enjoy yourself
C．find that the road is blocked by crowds of people
D．have to take a different road
82．I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away because I ________.
A．hadn’t finished drinking my coffee B．was expecting another cup of coffee
C．meant that I didn’t want any more D．was never misunderstood
【答案】78．B 79．A 80．A 81．D 82．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的西班牙朋友们去英国旅行，但是由于西班牙语和英语的差异，朋友们对一些事物产生了误解，作者本人也因为英语和法语之间的不同，有着相似的经历。
78．细节理解题。根据“Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find a good place to live.”可知，朋友在出发前，向作者询问了怎样才能找到住宿的好地方。故选B。
79．细节理解题。根据“I suggested that they should stay at ‘bed and breakfast’ houses, because this kind of places can give a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family.”可知，作者推荐“bed and breakfast”房子，因为可以有一个与英语家庭说英语的机会。故选A。
80．细节理解题。根据“Actually, this means ‘no free rooms’.”可知，“NO VACANCIES”意思是“没有空闲的房间”。故选A。
81．细节理解题。根据“In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road.”可知，“DIVERSION”在英语中意思是“工人在修路，你必修得走另一条路了”。故选D。
82．推理判断题。根据“Once in Paris when the waiter was going to offer me some more coffee, I said ‘Thank you’ in French. I meant that I would like some more.”可知，作者说“Thank you”，意思是想再点一些咖啡，结果服务员把咖啡壶端走了。故选B。
（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级统考期中）
阅读下面材料，从材料后各小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
Kids with happy childhoods dream about what they want to become when they grow up. But less lucky kids, who live in poverty and pain, sometimes wonder why they were born in the first place.
Children like these touched Lebanese director Nadine Labaki. She made the film Capernaum (《何以为家》)
In the poor areas of Beirut, Lebanon’s capital, Labaki saw kids selling gum or flowers or even carrying heavy gas tanks. Some of them were alone on the street, hungry and hopeless.
This is how Capernaum begins: A 12-year-old boy named Zain, who lives in one of Beirut’s poor areas, sues (起诉) his parents for giving birth to him, even though, he says, they knew they couldn’t look after him.
Capernaum is made up, but it’s as true as it gets. There are no professional actors in this film. Zain, for example, is played by a boy with the same name. He had never slept in a bed before the movie, or gone to school. He didn’t even have papers to show he was a human being just like his character in the film.
By making Capernaum, Labaki wanted to “become the voice of these kids”.
That voice is being heard. Capernaum was put on first at Cannes Film Festival, and won the Jury Prize. Soon after the festival, with the help of groups of kind people, Zain and his family got the chance to live in a house by the sea in Norway, and Zain was going to school.
When Labaki told The New York Times that she wanted Capernaum “to go beyond the borders of just being a film” and to be “a cry for help”, she wasn’t sure how big a difference it would make. “I might never get anywhere, but at least I want to try,” she said.
But she certainly has gone somewhere. At least the real-life Zain was able to dream about his future.
“I’m slowly understanding the power that cinema can have on people. The more you understand that, the more you feel responsible. As an artist, it’s my responsibility to be involved in what’s happening around us. It’s a duty. It’s not really a choice,” said Nadine Labaki.
83．The underlined word “professional” probably means ________.
A．hard-working B．warm-hearted C．well-trained D．good-looking
84．According to the passage, why did Nadine Labaki choose such a story to make a film?
A．Because the story would be welcomed by most people.
B．Because she wasn’t sure how big a difference it would make.
C．Because the film could be put on first at Cannes Film Festival.
D．Because she wanted to “become the voice of these kids”.
85．What can we know about the film Capernaum from the passage?
A．It is about some unlucky kids who sue their parents.
B．In the film, many kids are selling gum or flowers.
C．The character Zain doesn’t have papers to show his birth.
D．In the film, Zain got the chance to live in a house by the sea.
86．How can we describe the director Nadine Labaki?
A．loving and responsible B．hard and outgoing
C．quiet and understanding D．strict and powerful
87．What would be the best heading for the passage?
A．Director Nadine Labaki B．Duty behind the Screen
C．Differences You Can Make D．Don’t give up trying
【答案】83．C 84．D 85．C 86．A 87．B
【导语】本文讲述了拉巴基拍摄了电影《何以为家》，她想要为那些贫穷孩子发声。
83．词义猜测题。根据“Zain, for example, is played by a boy with the same name. He had never slept in a bed before the movie, or gone to school.”可知，电影里的演员是真实生活中的人，不是经过精心训练过的人，故选C。
84．细节理解题。根据“By making Capernaum, Labaki wanted to ‘become the voice of these kids’.”可知，通过制作电影《何以为家》，拉巴基想要“成为这些孩子的声音”。故选D。
85．细节理解题。根据“He didn’t even have papers to show he was a human being just like his character in the film.”可知，电影中《何以为家》Zain这个角色没有出生证明。故选C。
86．推理判断题。根据“By making Capernaum, Labaki wanted to ‘become the voice of these kids’.”和“When Labaki told The New York Times that she wanted Capernaum ‘to go beyond the borders of just being a film’ and to be ‘a cry for help’, she wasn’t sure how big a difference it would make.”可知，拉巴基想要“成为这些孩子的声音”，她希望《何以为家》“不仅仅是一部电影”，而是“呼救的声音”，她不确定这部电影会带来多大的改变。因此她是有爱心的，负责任的，故选A。
87．标题归纳题。根据“‘I’m slowly understanding the power that cinema can have on people. The more you understand that, the more you feel responsible. As an artist, it’s my responsibility to be involved in what’s happening around us. It’s a duty. It’s not really a choice,’ said Nadine Labaki.”可知，本文介绍了拉巴基说电影对人的影响力，你越明白这一点，你就越觉得自己有责任，作为一名艺术家，我有责任参与到我们周围发生的事情中来，这是一种责任。因此本文的标题是“荧幕后的责任”，故选B。
（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级统考期中）
Three days after she was born, parents of Liu Xinming were told by doctors that the girl would not see the world forever.
For years her family members tried to pull Liu out of the darkness through various means. For example, they took her to the Xinmu Cinema, a small studio in Beijing where visually impaired people gather to “see” movies with the help of volunteers who tell the story and describe subjects mentioned in the films, and Xinming seemed to “see” a rich scene and the emotions of the characters between the lines. It was there Liu heard that people like her could also learn painting. And since then all the imaginations, emotions, and stories she had is no longer only black and white.
Thanks to her parents and the volunteers, she began to know about colors by connecting them with the emotions, the feelings of warmth or coldness, the ups and downs of the rhythms (节奏) in music and so on. Based on her limited knowledge of the world and infinite imagination, Liu started to layer, to splash and even to pat colors directly with fingers on paper.
By using various colors to show what she has heard, touched, felt, and experienced in life, Xinming simply creates miracles with her brush! The now-teenage girl has brought a large number of her works to Blooming in the Dark, her solo exhibition at the Ici Labas gallery (美术馆) in Beijing’s 798 Art Zone, running through September 10th.
The colorful works reveal the richness of her inner world, and show her enthusiasm (热情) to know more about the world through which, one gets to reflect on himself whether he has been open enough to the world behind him.
88．From the first two paragraphs, we know ________.
A．Liu Xinming is deaf B．Liu Xinming can see in the Xinmu Cinema
C．Liu Xinming is blind D．Liu Xinming can paint by herself
89．What does the underline word “solo” mean?
A．one B．single C．just D．with others
90．In Xinmu Cinema, ________.
A．We can enjoy excellent exhibitions.
B．People like Liu Xinming learned painting.
C．Liu Xinming was motivated to make her world colorful.
D．Liu connected colors with the emotions, the feelings of warmth or coldness.
91．It’s clear that Xinming is ________.
A．direct and enthusiastic B．rich and creative
C．brave but shy D．creative and hardworking
92．Which can be the best title?
A．Open to the world.
B．Paintings reveal the colorful dream of a visually impaired girl.
C．Xinming creates miracles.
D．The solo exhibition of Liu Xinming.

【答案】88．C 89．B 90．C 91．D 92．B
【导语】文章写了一个眼盲的女孩通过画画圆梦的故事。
88．推理判断题。根据第一段“the girl would not see the world forever”可知，这个女孩再也看不见了，所以她失明了。故选C。
89．词义猜测题。根据“The now-teenage girl has brought a large number of her works to Blooming in the Dark”可知，这个女孩带来了大量的作品，推测是她的个人展览。single“个人的”与solo近义。故选B。
90．推理判断题。根据“It was there Liu heard that people like her could also learn painting.”和“And since then all the imaginations, emotions, and stories she had is no longer only black and white.”可知，在这个地方，这个女孩学到了油画，接触到了颜色的世界。故选C。
91．推理判断题。根据“Xinming simply creates miracles with her brush”可知，这个女孩有创造力creative；根据“The now-teenage girl has brought a large number of her works to Blooming in the Dark”可知，她画了很多画，练习了很多，非常努力hardworking。故选D。
92．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，一个眼盲的女生通过画画，圆了自己的梦，所以B选项“画作揭示了一个视障女孩的多彩梦想”符合。故选B。
（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级校考期中）
Laura was a student. It was going to be her mother’s birthday. She wanted to buy her a present that would be nice and useful but not expensive.
　　A week before her mother’s birthday, Laura had a quick and simple lunch. Then she took the bus to town. She looked for half an hour, then she found a shop that was selling cheap umbrellas.
“I want to buy an umbrella for my mother’s birthday.” Laura said to the shopper.
“What color would you like?” the shopper asked Laura.
“Black. She can carry it when she is wearing clothes of any color.” Laura said.
　　On her way back home in the train that afternoon Laura felt hungry. So she went to the dinning car to have something to eat. She left the umbrella above her seat. But when she got back to her seat, the umbrella was gone!
　　Laura began to cry. The three other passengers in the car felt very sorry for her and asked her what the matter was. She told them that the black umbrella she bought for her mother was gone, and that she had to get out of the train at the next station. After the three other passengers heard it, they asked her for her mother’s address so that they could send the umbrella to her if someone took it by mistake and brought it back after Laura got out of the train.
　　The next week, Laura heard from her mother. It said, “Thank you very much for your lovely presents, but why did you send me three black umbrellas?”
93．______ birthday was coming.
A．Laura’s father’s B．Laura’s mother’s
C．Laura’s teacher’s D．Laura’s sister’s
94．“She can carry it when she is wearing clothes of any color.” Means ______.
A．My mother can carry the umbrella when she is wearing any clothes
B．Any color of my mother’s clothes will be all right
C．The umbrella will be OK for my mother’s clothes in all colors
D．My mother can take any clothes that she likes to wear
95．Laura was going to buy a(n) ______ present for her mother.
A．useful and colorful B．cheap and colorful
C．expensive but useful D．cheap but useful
96．According to the form, which of the following sentences is NOT right?
A．The person who took Laura’s umbrella away brought the umbrella back.
B．Laura cried when she saw the present she bought for her mother was gone.
C．The other three people sent Laura’s mother a black umbrella each.
D．Laura’s mother got three black umbrellas at last.
97．The best title of the story can be ______.
A．A Careless Girl B．Mother’s Present
C．A Happy Mother D．Three Good people
【答案】93．B 94．C 95．D 96．A 97．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了劳拉给她的妈妈过生日买了一把黑色的伞作为生日礼物，但是乘车的时候把伞弄丢了，三个乘客帮助她的故事。
93．细节理解题。根据“It was going to be her mother’s birthday.”可知，是她妈妈的生日。故选B。
94．词句猜测题。根据“She can carry it when she is wearing clothes of any color.”可知，她妈妈穿任何颜色的衣服都可以带着这把黑色的伞。故选C。
95．细节理解题。根据“She wanted to buy her a present that would be nice and useful but not expensive.”可知，她想买个不贵的但是有用的礼物。故选D。
96．推理判断题。根据“After the three other passengers heard it, they asked her for her mother’s address so that they could send the umbrella to her if someone took it by mistake and brought it back after Laura got out of the train.…but why did you send me three black umbrellas”可推知，是那三名乘客给她妈妈的伞，拿她伞的人并没有还回来。故选A。
97．最佳标题题。根据“ It was going to be her mother’s birthday. She wanted to buy her a present that would be nice and useful but not expensive.”及通读全文可知，文章是在讲述妈妈的生日礼物。故选B。
（2022秋·浙江温州·八年级校考期中）

Annie Ernaux was born in a small town in Normandy, France to a working-class family. As a teacher of French, she taught at different universities. She used her own story to talk about life in France from the 1940s to now. On Thursday, the Swedish Academy said that she had won the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature. It said she received the prize for work that shines light on dark comers of memory, family and society.
The Swedish Academy also said Ernaux, who won the prize for the way she writes about the nature of personal memory. She is the first French writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature since 2014.
Ernaux started out writing fictions, but ________. She wrote more than 20 books. They mainly talk about her life and the things around her. Ernaux describes the way she writes, her style, as “flat writing”. She tries to tell the facts of the events she is describing. She does not use colorful description or strong feelings. Her most popular book is The Years, came out in 2008. She describes herself and French society from the end of World War I to the present day. The book received many prizes.
Ernaux is the 17th woman among the 119 Nobel literature prize winners. Last year’s winner, Abdulrazak Gurnah, was only the sixth Nobel literature prize winner born in Africa. There has long been criticism of the literature prize giving too much chance to European and North American writers and to men rather than women. The prizes to Gurnah in 2021 and U.S. poet Louise Gluck in 2020 helped the literature prize move on from years of criticism.
98．From paragraph 1, we know Annie Ernaux ________.
A．was a French teacher in universities
B．was born in a middle-class family
C．wrote about life in France in the 1930s
D．won the 2022 Nobel Prize in Medicine
99．Which of the following can be put in ________ in paragraph 3?
A．she stopped writing a few years later.
B．she found it hard to write about her life.
C．she didn’t write about the stories of society.
D．she moved from fictions to stories of real life.
100．What can we know about Nobel Prize in Literature?
A．Ernaux is the first French poet who won this prize.
B．There are more men who won the prize than women.
C．There are fewer winners from Europe and North America.
D．Abdulrazak Gurnah won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Literature.
101．The writer wrote the pssage to ________.
A．show people’s criticism on the prize
B．describe past life in French society
C．introduce Annie Ernaux and her work
D．tell the importance of the Nobel Prize
【答案】98．A 99．D 100．B 101．C
【导语】本文介绍了诺贝尔文学奖获得者法国女作家安妮·埃尔诺。
98．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a teacher of French, she taught at different universities.”可知，安妮·埃尔诺是大学里的法语老师，故选A。
99．推理判断题。根据“Ernaux started out writing fictions”及“They mainly talk about her life and the things around her”可知，此处应表达她开始写虚构小说，后来改写现实生活故事，选项D“她从小说转向了现实生活中的故事。”符合语境，故选D。
100．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There has long been criticism of the literature prize giving too much chance to European and North American writers and to men rather than women.”可知，诺贝尔文学奖获中获奖的男性比女性多，故选B。
101．主旨大意题。本文介绍了诺贝尔文学奖获得者法国女作家安妮·埃尔诺以及她的作品，故选C。
（2022秋·浙江杭州·八年级校考期中）
One day a big red hen is playing with her chickens in the garden. After some time, she wants to eat something and she takes out her chickens to look for food.
When they are eating, she finds a grain of wheat(小麦). So she asks her chickens to plant it in the back garden. But no one wants to do it. The big red hen has to do it herself.
After a few months, they get a lot of wheat. She says to her chickens, “Who will take the wheat to the store to get some flour?” But they don’t want to do it. So she takes the wheat to the store and brings the flour home.
After she gets home, she says, “Who will make some bread with the flour?” They all say they are too busy to do it.
When she makes the bread, she says to her chickens, “Who wants to eat the bread?”
“I will.” they say. “No, you can’t. You don’t want to do anything before I make the bread. You must know ‘No pains, no gains’.” She doesn’t give any bread to her chickens and she eats the bread herself.
102．Why does the hen want to plant the grain of wheat?
A．Because she has nothing to do. B．Because she wants her chickens to do everything.
C．Because she wants to get lots of wheat. D．Because she doesn’t want to play with her chickens.
103．What does the underline word “flour” mean in Chinese?
A．面粉 B．玉米 C．大米 D．水稻
104．Why doesn’t the big hen give any bread to her chickens?
A．Because they aren’t at home. B．Because she doesn’t like them.
C．Because they don’t do anything. D．Because they don’t want to eat it.
105．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．The Bread B．The Wheat C．The Big Red Hen D．No Pains, No Gains
【答案】102．C 103．A 104．C 105．D
【导语】本文讲述了一只母鸡通过一系列的行为让孩子们懂得“不劳无获”这个道理的故事。
102．细节理解题。根据“...After a few months, they get a lot of wheat.”可知，因为母鸡想得到很多的小麦，故选C。
103．词义猜测题。根据“Who will make some bread with the flour”可知是用面粉做面包，故划线部分意为“面粉”。故选A。
104．细节理解题。根据“No, you can’t. You don’t want to do anything before I make the bread. You must know ‘No pain, no gain’.”可知，因为小鸡们之前什么都没有做，所以不能吃面包，故选C。
105．最佳标题题。根据“You must know ‘No pain, no gain(不劳无获)’.”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是一只母鸡通过一系列的行为让孩子们懂得“不劳无获”这个道理，故选D。