【期中真题】福建省厦门第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题.zip

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厦门一中2022-2023学年度第一学期高二年级质量检测
英语试题
本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。本试题附有答题卡。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Grand Canyon National Park
Located entirely in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable vistas it offers to visitors on the rim. Grand Canyon National Park is a World Heritage Site.
Park Openings and Closings
The Village and Desert View on the South Rim are open all year and park entrances remain open 24 hours a day. North Rim facilities open mid-May and close mid-October. Park entrances remain open 24 hours a day during this time. Hours for visitor centers and businesses vary throughout the year.
Park Information
The park produces a Pocket Map with a North Rim and South Rim edition that contains a map and information about services, facilities, and park ranger programs. It is available in French, German, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, Korean, and Chinese. A hiking brochure is available for those planning to hike one of the park’s main trails down into Grand Canyon. Obtain publications at entrance stations, visitor centers, or at go.nps.gov/136ojl.
Accessibility
Many of the facilities at Grand Canyon are historic and built before current accessibility standards were set. The terrain is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual impairments may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2.
Park Entrance Fees
Fees collected support projects in the park. Admission to the park is $35 per private vehicle; $30 per motorcycle; and $20 per person entering the park via Grand Canyon Railway, park shuttle bus, private rafting trip, walking, or riding a bicycle. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. Pay fees at park entrance stations or at some businesses outside the park. Every year the National Park Service offers entrance fee free days. For complete fee information, including Annual, Active Military, Senior, and Access passes, visit go.nps.gov/y5uu6f.
Sustainability
Grand Canyon National Park incorporates sustainability into all aspects of its operations. Use your refillable water bottle to fill up on free Grand Canyon spring water at major trailheads visitor centers and grocery stores. Please recycle – recycling containers are conveniently located and as common as trash bins. Discover what else you can do to protect the environment while traveling here and beyond at go.nps.gov/1b2rzt.
1. People with physical disabilities can find detailed information on park facilities designed for them by visiting ________.
A. go.nps.gov/y5uu6f B. go.nps.gov/1rtxl2
C. go.nps.gov/136ojl D. go.nps.gov/1b2rzt
2. What is the admission fee if you and your parents plan to go on a ten-day vacation to Grand Canyon National Park by driving a car?
A. $35. B. $60. C. $70. D. $120.
3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Visitors have year-round access to every corner of the national park.
B. Hikers who can only speak Chinese cannot explore the North Rim without an interpreter.
C. The Grand Canyon features is one of the world's most visually breathtaking landscapes.
D. Visitors are forbidden to leave any trash in the National Park to maintain sustainability.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大峡谷国家公园的一些情况，包括开放时间、公园信息、设施和门票费用等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2.(更多关于大峡谷国家公园的无障碍设施信息，请参见go.nps.gov/1rtxl2)”可知，残障人士可登入go.nps.gov/1rtxl2查询有关公园设施的详细资料。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Admission to the park is $35 per private vehicle(公园门票为每辆私家车35美元)”；“The pass can be used for seven days(通行证可以使用7天)”以及“Every year the National Park Service offers entrance fee free days.(每年，国家公园管理局都提供免门票日)”可知，如果你和你的父母打算开车去大峡谷国家公园度假十天，门票是35+35=70美元。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable vistas it offers to visitors on the rim. Grand Canyon National Park is a World Heritage Site.(作为世界上最壮观的侵蚀例子之一，大峡谷为游客提供了无与伦比的美景。大峡谷国家公园是世界遗产)”可知，C选项“大峡谷是世界上最令人叹为观止的风景之一”正确。故选C。
B
Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).
Walking in the same woods yesterday, I let myself wander at random, communing with nature.
I took in beautiful scenery near and far thanks to my progressive-lens eyeglasses. Occasionally I’d pull out my smartphone to take pictures on anything interesting. I recorded an inner monologue with a background of all sounds of the forest. At times, I consulted my smart watch to check on my heartbeat, mileage and calorie burn. Eventually I realized I was quite lost. Not a problem of course. Online maps came to my rescue.
But something bothered me. In what I’d intended as a nature experience, here I was using very high technology to help myself out. This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during my “nature walk,” which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way. I’d been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.
What would the true naturalist Thoreau think of that? My first thought was that he’d be shocked. But later I did some research. Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal:
Lying on the ground with my glass, I could watch him very easily … till I almost lost him in the clouds … I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.
Famously, Thoreau always set out equipped with a walking stick, which he used not only for support but also to take measurements of water and snow levels. His hat was also a tool, which he called his “botany-box.” And he was prepared even with needles and thread, so when coming out of the woods, he was “the best dressed.” Clearly, Thoreau was a bit of a cyborg himself.
Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.
4. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To recommend Thoreau’s book Walden Pond.
B. To argue that humans have developed into cyborgs.
C. To share the reflections on man’s reliance on nature.
D. To question whether people are technology-dependent.
5. Which picture best illustrates a cyborg in the author’s eye?
A. B.
C. D.
6. Why does the author quote Thoreau’s journal?
A. To introduce a literary work on nature.
B. To explain how to prepare for a nature walk.
C. To prove that even naturalists use technology.
D. To describe the natural beauty Thoreau enjoyed.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards being a cyborg?
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过分析我们人类对技术的依赖，并引用自然学家梭罗的事例，说明了我们人类已进化成半机械人。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).(即使在与自然交流时，我们也依赖技术来帮助——但是，沃尔登湖的梭罗也是如此)”可知，我们都是依赖技术的，自然学家梭罗也是如此；再根据文章最后一段“Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们)”可推知，本文的目的是为了说明人类已经进化为半机械人。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during my “nature walk”，which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way. I’d been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.(这一见解引发了我对“自然漫步”中发生的一切的重新思考，“自然漫步”的每一步都得到了技术的强化。 我一直扮演着人机结合的角色:一个半机械人)”可知，作者眼中的半机械人应该是人机结合，选项C的图片中即有人又有机器，符合题意。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But later I did some research. Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal(但后来我做了一些研究。梭罗喜欢望远镜的发现，就像日记里的这只鹰)”和第六段“I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.(我想我已经得到了我的望远镜的价值，因为它让我看到了白头鹰)”可知，自然学家梭罗是肯定了望远镜的作用，所以作者引用梭罗的日记是为了证明即使是自然学家也会使用科技。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们)”可知，作者对半机械化人的态度是赞成的。故选A项。
C
Some penguins (企鹅) adapt their calls to become more similar to their partners over time, an ability that was previously known in only a few species, including humans.
Luigi Baciadonna at the University of Turin, Italy, and his coworkers recorded African penguins from three different colonies (群体) over three years, and also observed the behavioral patterns of one of the colonies to see which penguins were partners or friendly.
They then analyzed specific vocal (声音的) calls, which the penguins made when they were alone or trying to keep track of their friends. They compared four distinct vocal signatures such as the frequency of the calls. The signatures became more similar over time for penguins that were partners or in the same colony, and for penguins that heard more of each other’s calls.
This adaptation could make it easier for penguins to find their partners and friends in a colony. “Imagine that you are in a pub, you are with your friends and your environment is quite noisy,” says Baciadonna. “What you do is try to talk in a certain way so that your communication is more effective.”
The ability to adapt calls in response to the environment, known as vocal accommodation, is a key part of vocal learning, a more complex set of skills such as producing new sounds through learning. Identifying which species display vocal accommodation could provide clues for how vocal learning developed. Baciadonna and his team also propose that this accommodation could help with group harmony and social bonds between individual penguins.
The distance of penguins from humans on the evolutionary tree suggests that vocal accommodation could be common to many species, but a lot more data needs gathering first. “There could be a huge variety of different species that are able to adapt their calls slightly, but we don’t know that yet,” says Sara Torres Ortiz at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Munich, Germany.
8. What does the underlined word “signatures” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Effects. B. Characteristics. C. Sources. D. Adjustments.
9. What is the intention of the quotes from Baciadonna in paragraph 4?
A. To explain the reason why penguins adapt their calls.
B. To highlight the role communication plays in social life.
C. To prove humans’ ability to recognize each other’s voices.
D. To stress the difference between human and animal sounds.
10. What remains to be explored according to Sara Torres Ortiz?
A. Whether penguins can promote group harmony.
B. Whether all species can adapt to the environment.
C. Whether more species display vocal accommodation.
D. Whether penguins and humans are similar in vocal learning.
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Vocal learning involves a complex set of skills.
B. Vocal accommodation helps build up social bonds.
C. Penguins produce similar sounds even in different colonies.
D. Penguins adapt their accents to sound more like their friends.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着时间的推移，一些企鹅会调整它们的叫声，使之与它们的伴侣更加相似，这种能力以前只在包括人类在内的少数物种中被发现。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“became more similar over time for penguins that were partners or in the same colony, and for penguins that heard more of each other’s calls(随着时间的推移，伴侣企鹅或同一群体的企鹅，以及听到更多彼此叫声的企鹅变得越来越相似)”可推知，此处伴侣企鹅或同一群体的企鹅的声音特征变得越来越相似。由此推知，划线词signatures与Characteristics(特征，特色)意思接近。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的““Imagine that you are in a pub, you are with your friends and your environment is quite noisy,” says Baciadonna. “What you do is try to talk in a certain way so that your communication is more effective.”(“想象一下，你在一家酒吧里，和朋友在一起，周围的环境非常嘈杂，”Baciadonna说。“你要做的就是试着用一种特定的方式说话，这样你的沟通就会更有效。”)”可推知，第四段引用Baciadonna的话的目的是为了解释为什么企鹅会改变它们的叫声。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““There could be a huge variety of different species that are able to adapt their calls slightly, but we don’t know that yet,” says Sara Torres Ortiz at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Munich, Germany.(“可能有很多不同的物种能够轻微地适应它们的叫声，但我们还不知道这一点，”德国慕尼黑马克斯·普朗克鸟类研究所的Sara Torres Ortiz说)”可推知，根据Sara Torres Ortiz的说法，是否有更多的物种表现出声音适应性还有待探索。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some penguins (企鹅) adapt their calls to become more similar to their partners over time, an ability that was previously known in only a few species, including humans.(随着时间的推移，一些企鹅会调整它们的叫声，使之与它们的伴侣更加相似，这种能力以前只在包括人类在内的少数物种中被发现)”及倒数第二段中的“Baciadonna and his team also propose that this accommodation could help with group harmony and social bonds between individual penguins.( Baciadonna和他的团队还提出，这种适应可以帮助企鹅群体和谐和个体之间的社会联系)”可知，文章介绍了随着时间的推移，一些企鹅会调整它们的叫声，使之与它们的伴侣更加相似。故选D。
D
Being highly connected to a strong social network has its benefits. Now a new study is showing the same goes for trees, thanks to their underground neighbors. The study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal (真菌) networks living in the forest soil. Though past research has focused on young trees, these findings give new insight into the importance of fungal networks to older trees — which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.
“Large trees make up the main part of the forest, so they drive what the forest is doing,” said researcher Joseph Birch, who led the study. When they live in the forest soil, fungal networks act as a sort of highway, allowing water, nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees. The network also helps nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.
Cores taken from 350 Douglas firs (花旗松) showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees. They had much higher growth than those that had only a few connections. The research also showed that trees with more connections to many unique fungi had much greater growth than those with only one or two connections. “If you have this network that is helping trees grow faster, that helps capture more carbon year after year. These networks may help trees grow more steadily even as conditions become more stressful, and could even help protect them against death.” said Birch.
Birch hopes his findings lead to further studies in different kinds of forests in other geographical areas, because it’s likely that the connections among trees change from year to year. He said, “Knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could inform how we reforest areas after harvesting them, and inform how we plant trees to preserve these networks.”
12. In what way do the new findings differ from the previous ones?
A. They reveal the value of fungal networks to adult trees.
B. They clarify misunderstandings of fungal networks.
C. They demonstrate a new way to capture carbon.
D. They confirm the benefits of fungal networks.
13. How do fungal networks help trees?
A. By acting as the center of family units.
B. By maintaining the balance of resources.
C. By fighting against diseases.
D. By bettering forest soil conditions.
14. What does the underlined “those” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A. Tree rings.
B. Cores from Douglas firs.
C. Douglas firs.
D. Fungal networks.
15. What can be inferred from what Joseph Birch has put?
A. The fungal networks support one another in times of stress.
B. The fungal networks enable us to know more about reforestation.
C. The findings can apply to different kinds of forests in other geographical areas.
D. The fungal networks will help trees grow more steadily if conditions become more stressful.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了阿尔伯塔大学的一项新研究发现，强大的社会网络对树木也是有好处的，森林土壤中的真菌网络给树木的生长提供了有利的条件。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal (真菌) networks living in the forest soil. Though past research has focused on young trees, these findings give new insight into the importance of fungal networks to older trees — which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.(这项研究首次表明，成年树木的生长与它们参与的生活在森林土壤中的真菌网络有关。尽管过去的研究主要集中在幼树上，但这些发现为了解真菌网络对更老的树木的重要性提供了新的见解，因为老树对碳捕获等功能更具环境效益)”可知，新的研究关注成年树木，而之前的发现关注的是幼树。所以新发现与之前的发现的不同之处在于，新发现揭示了真菌网络对成年树木的价值。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“When they live in the forest soil, fungal networks act as a sort of highway, allowing water, nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees. The network also helps nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.(当它们生活在森林土壤中时，真菌网络就像一条高速公路，让水、养分和化合物在树木之间来回流动。该网络还帮助养分流向资源有限的树木，就像家庭单位一样在压力下相互支持)”可知，真菌网络通过保持资源平衡的方式来帮助树木。故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Cores taken from 350 Douglas firs showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees. They had much higher growth than those that had only a few connections.(从350株道格拉斯花旗松中提取的核心表明，年轮生长与树木与其他树木的真菌联系程度有关。它们的生长程度远远高于那些只有少数联系的树木)”可知，本段以道格拉斯花旗松为例，说明年轮生长和树木之间的真菌联系程度有关。由此猜测，those指代上文提到的“道格拉斯花旗松”。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He said, “Knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could factor into how we reforest areas after harvesting them, and it could inform how we want to plant trees to preserve these networks.”(他说：“了解真菌网络在其他树种中是否以同样的方式运作，可以影响我们在采伐后如何重新造林，也可以告诉我们如何种植树木来保护这些网络。”)”可知，研究可以影响采伐后如何重新造林。由此推知Joseph Birch的话表明，真菌网络使我们能够更多地了解植树造林。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Managing Kids' Screen Time a Good Idea?
Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today's households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students.___16___They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring. Yet the challenges of screen time overuse seldom come from kids' devices themselves, but rather from the tense relationships that technology can bring to families.___17___But technology has positive benefits too. Since every child and family is different, managing screen time calls for joint family decision-making.
If parents believe they can manage a child's screen time through adolescence, they are not only fooling themselves but also inviting relationship trouble with their teens. It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids' screen time through authoritarian restrictions, even during elementary school. ___18___ When children are left out of those decisions, they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve.
___19___ From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong, and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. What happens when an adult tries to regulate a child is that the child misses out on the opportunity to learn for themselves. Enforced restrictions can also make children feel helpless and less confident.
To be clear, this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers, or that there should be no restrictions on screen time.___20___Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision-making process.
A. Of course, there are websites that are unhealthy for kids to access.
B. The alternative is to involve children in decisions that govern screen time.
C. However, every family needs a family media plan between family members.
D. The goal is to see, hear, feel, and understand how children view screen time.
E. To manage children's screen time, parents have invested in apps and trackers.
F. To get children involved, parents should trust and develop kids' self-awareness.
G. What it is suggesting is that parents look at managing screen time in a different way.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了“管理孩子们的屏幕时间是个好主意吗”这一问题，最后得出结论：父母应该让孩子们有发言权，让他们参与问题的计划和决策过程。
【16题详解】
由上一句“在今天的家庭中，屏幕时间是一个重要的话题，特别是在疫情流行期间，许多学生的在线教育时间成倍增加。”和下一句“他们希望让孩子们免受科技带来的无数挑战。”可知，疫情流行期间，学生上网面对屏幕的时间增加，家长害怕这样对孩子造成不好的影响，所以会去购买相关的程序工具来监控孩子的上网时间，控制孩子们的屏幕时间，该选项中的“manage children's screen time”对应本段尾句中的“managing screen time”，承接上下文，E选项“为了管理孩子们的屏幕时间，家长们投资了应用程序和追踪器。”切题。故选E项。
【17题详解】
由下一句“但是科技也有积极的好处。”可知，But表转折，空后说科技的好处，此空应说科技不好的地方，比如不健康的网站对孩子不好，承接下文，A选项“当然，有些网站对孩子来说是不健康的。”切题。故选A项。
【18题详解】
由上一句“这是个神话，认为父母可以或应该通过专制的限制来管理孩子的荧屏时间，甚至在小学阶段也是如此。”和下一句“当孩子们被排除在这些决定之外时，他们通常会减少与父母和兄弟姐妹的交流。”可知，对于管理孩子们的屏幕时间，父母专制型的监管很难实现，而且当孩子被排除在“屏幕时间管理”的决定外，又会带来消极影响，说明作者认为孩子应该参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中，该选项中的“decisions”对应下文中的“those decisions”，承接上下文，B选项“另一种选择是让孩子们参与决定屏幕时间。”切题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
由下两句“从很小的时候起，孩子们就很有能力理解良好的生活需要意识和平衡。正如他们从错误中学习正确，从错误中学习好，他们也可以学习以健康的方式使用技术。”可知，孩子有能力理解一些事物，也能学习各种使用技术，说明孩子是有自主（学习）意识的，所以让孩子参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中时，父母要信任孩子有自我意识去学习、理解事物，承接下文，F选项“为了让孩子参与进来，父母应该信任并培养孩子的自我意识。”切题。故选F项。
【20题详解】
由上一句“明确地说，这篇文章并不是建议家庭永远不要使用应用程序或追踪器，或者不应该限制屏幕时间。”和下一句“父母应该让孩子们有发言权，让他们参与计划和决策过程。”可知，文章并非不建议父母不去管理孩子的屏幕时间，而是建议父母让孩子也参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中，相对于父母专制型的完全监管，这是一种不一样的管理屏幕时间方式，承接上下文，G选项“它的建议是，家长们应该用不同的方式来管理屏幕时间。”切题。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother looks just like many grandmothers — short and white-haired. She comes from an old, traditional family in Canada, where she now still lives. She was a civil servant. In short, she didn’t do ___21___ things.
That all changed a few years ago. She began to ___22___ me with what she described as “independence”. At that time, I didn’t fully understand what she was doing.
In early 2015, the year she turned 75, she informed me she’d ___23___ a seven-night trip to Turkey, and that she was going alone. There was no way I could ___24___ that. A little old lady not speaking a word of Turkish, with no ___25___ of the laws and customs of the land — it was impossible!
My mother paid no attention to me. Off she went. When she returned, she told us it had been a wonderful success. As it ___26___, she had barely spent any time alone, after ___27___ a taxi driver to show her around. He introduced her to a rug vendor (地毯商) — Mustafa, “a lovely fellow”, and she bought some rugs. The vendor had taken her address details and promised to ___28___ them to Canada.
I couldn’t believe her naivety (幼稚) and explained that she had been ___29___. The vendor had her money. She neither had nor would be receiving any rugs.
Well, I was _____30_____.
To my great shock, her rugs did arrive some weeks later, along with a lovely note from Mustafa. To my even greater surprise, the following year Mustafa himself arrived in Canada.
“I invited him for a cup of tea and he came,” my mother told me. I was _____31_____ because she hardly knew this man! But again, she paid little attention to me, telling me to stop being silly.
I wondered: “Is she not thinking straight?” _____32_____ I worried about her Mum was thinking straighter than most of us.
Her _____33_____ seemed to be based on a realization that life needs to be lived, when there’s relatively little of it left. It _____34_____ me of the line “Get busy living or get busy dying.”
I don’t think Mum knows what her next big “thing” is going to be. But I am sure, she is open to any _____35_____, which is something we all probably need right now. Live life to the fullest.
21. A. complex B. crazy C. boring D. rude
22. A. surprise B. amuse C. comfort D. attract
23. A. missed B. taken C. offered D. booked
24. A. allow B. demand C. remember D. cancel
25. A. intention B. knowledge C. view D. fear
26. A. turned out B. came true C. made sense D. went ahead
27. A. training B. leading C. hiring D. refusing
28. A. invite B. sell C. switch D. ship
29. A. dominated B. ignored C. cheated D. abandoned
30 A. right B. lucky C. serious D. wrong
31. A. frightened B. depressed C. disappointed D. ashamed
32. A. If B. Since C. While D. Once
33. A. promotion B. interaction C. independence D. preference
34. A. cured B. warned C. informed D. reminded
35. A. pleasure B. adventure C. freedom D. beauty
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了母亲在退休以后更勇敢地生活的故事，具体体现在更加敢于冒险，敢于信任陌生人等。呼吁读者生命就是用来过的。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，她不做疯狂的事情。A. complex复杂的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. boring无聊的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据“She was a civil servant.”和后文母亲一个人去陌生的国家旅行可知，母亲以前不这样，不做看起来疯狂的事情，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始用她称之为“独立”的东西使我震惊。A. surprise使惊讶；B. amuse逗乐；C. comfort安慰；D. attract吸引。根据“At that time, I didn’t fully understand what she was doing.”和后文母亲一个人独自国外旅行并先付钱预购当地产品的这些行为都让作者不解可知，作者对母亲的行为感到惊讶，故选A项。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她通知我她要参加土耳其七天之旅，她要一个人去。A. missed错过，想念；B. taken拿、做；C. offered主动做；D. booked预定。短语take a trip意为“去旅行”， 故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不可能允许那件事。A. allow允许；B. demand要求；C. remember记得；D. cancel取消。根据“there was no way（没门）”可知，作者不允许母亲一个人去国外旅行，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个完全不会说土耳其语、对那里的法律和风俗不了解的老太太那是不可能的。A. intention意图；B. knowledge知识；C. view观点；D. fear害怕。短语have no knowledge of “不懂”，根据语境完全不会说土耳其语，自然而然对那个国家的了解几乎没有，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这次旅行的结果就是，在她雇佣了一个巴士司机给他带路以后，她大部分时候都没有自己一个人。A. turned out证明是、原来是、结果是；B. came true实现；C. made sense有意义；D. went ahead着手，前进。根据上下文语境可知，此处是作者陈述母亲这次旅行的结果，故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行的结果就是，在她雇佣了一个巴士司机给他带路以后，她大部分时候都没有自己一个人。A. training培训；B. leading带领；C. hiring雇佣；D. refusing拒绝。根据语境，出国旅行时，雇佣一个司机是很常见的事情，故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个小贩记下了她的详细地址并承诺将他们运送到加拿大。A. invite邀请；B. sell卖；C. switch转换；D. ship运输。根据常识，商品跨国交易通常需要运输，故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法相信她的幼稚并向她解释她被骗了。A. dominated主导；B. ignored忽视；C. cheated欺骗；D. abandoned抛弃。根据前文可知母亲在没收到货物的情况下就支付了钱，作者认为她被骗了，故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：好吧，我错了。A. right正确的；B. lucky幸运的；C. serious严肃的；D. wrong错误的。根据后句母亲收到了她买的物品可知，作者知道自己的判断是错误的。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他几乎不了解这个男人，我感到害怕。A. frightened害怕的；B. depressed沮丧的、消沉的；C. disappointed失望的；D. ashamed感到羞耻的。根据语境母亲对那个男人不怎么了解就邀请他来家里喝咖啡，这令作者感到恐惧，故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我为她担心的时候，妈妈比我们大多数人都想得更清楚。A. If如果，是否；B. Since既然；C. While尽管，当……；D. Once一旦。根据上文“I wondered: “Is she not thinking straight?” ”和下文“ life needs to be lived”可知，作者在担心母亲思维不清晰的时候，其实母亲比任何人都想的清楚明白。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的独立似乎基于一种意识，那就是生命是用来过的，尤其当所剩无几时。A. promotion促进，升值；B. interaction互动；C. independence独立；D. preference偏好。母亲的种种行为都根据自己的想法，不受任何人干扰，这是独立的表现，前文母亲自己也提到过，故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起一句话“忙着生活忙着死去”。A. cured治愈；B. warned警告；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。短语remind sb of sth提醒某人某事，符合语义逻辑，故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我敢肯定，她对任何冒险都是持开放态度。A. pleasure乐趣；B. adventure冒险；C. freedom自由；D. beauty美，美人。结合语境可知，母亲做的一些大胆行为在作者看来是冒险，故选B项。
第二节(共3篇，10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. He succeeded in _____36_____ (produce) a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad. His latest vision for “seawater rice” has also become a reality, and _____37_____ (potential) opened up nearly one million square kilometres of ____38____ (salt) land in China for rice production. _____39_____ his advanced years, Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision.
【答案】36. producing
37. potentially
38. salty 39. Despite
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述袁隆平成功地生产了一种可以养活国内外更多人的稻谷——海水稻。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：他成功地生产了一种可以养活国内外更多人的大米。分析句子可知，这里考查succeed in doing sth表“成功做某事”，为固定搭配，所以这里应填动名词作宾语。 故填producing。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：他对“海水稻”的最新愿景也已成为现实，并可能在中国开辟了近100万平方公里的盐碱地用于水稻生产。分析句子可知，本空应填副词作状语修饰后面动词opened up 。故填potentially。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他对“海水稻”的最新愿景也已成为现实，并可能在中国开辟了近100万平方公里的盐碱地用于水稻生产。分析句子可知，这里应填形容词作定语修饰后面名词land。故填salty。
【39题详解】
考查介词句意：尽管年事已高，袁隆平心里仍然年轻，充满远见。分析句子可知，此空应填介词，且advanced years和 still young at heart有转折关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填despite，表“尽管”，且位于句首时单词首字母应大写。故填Despite。
B
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
The birth of the world’s first cloned arctic wolf on June 10 is a milestone for the ___40___(apply) of cloning technology and is of great significance to biodiversity, the protection of wildlife and the restoration of endangered species.
It is understood ___41___ the arctic wolves’ ancestral origin ___42___ (survive) the Ice Age over 300,000 years ago. They have the ability ___43___ (stand) extremely cold temperatures and inhabit many snowy regions around the globe.
___44___, due to constant threats from poachers (偷猎者) and erosion of their habitat, now arctic wolves ___45___ (include) in the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Endangered Species.
【答案】40. application
41. that 42. survived
43. to stand
44. However
45. are included
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了克隆北极狼的诞生具有重要意义，北极狼的生存特征以及现在北极狼成为濒危物种。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：6月10日世界上第一只克隆北极狼的诞生是克隆技术应用的里程碑，对生物多样性、野生动物保护和濒危物种恢复具有重要意义。空处用于定冠词the之后，应用名词application，表示“应用”，作介词for的宾语，符合句意。故填application。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：据了解，北极狼的祖先在超过30万年前的冰河时期幸存下来。It is understood that为固定句型，表示“据了解”，其中it作形式主语，空处应用that引导从句作真正的主语。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：据了解，北极狼的祖先在超过30万年前的冰河时期幸存下来。根据时间状语over 300,000 years ago可知，从句描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填survived。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们有能力忍受极端寒冷的温度，并栖息在全球的许多雪域。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，应用不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词ability。故填to stand。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，由于来自偷猎者和栖息地侵蚀的持续威胁，现在北极狼被列入国际自然保护联盟的濒危物种红色名录。根据语境可知，上下文表示转折关系，空处应用副词however，表示“然而”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：然而，由于来自偷猎者和栖息地侵蚀的持续威胁，现在北极狼被列入国际自然保护联盟的濒危物种红色名录。根据时间状语now可知，句子描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，include与主语arctic wolves之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语arctic wolves是复数，be动词应用are。故填are included。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 科技的日新月异让人们对未来的生活更加充满期待。请你以“Life in the Future"为题写一篇英语短文，想象一下未来的生活,可以涉及环境、交通、人的寿命等方面。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Life in the Future
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Life in the Future
This world is full of the benefits of technology. As technology changes , our life will be influenced in almost every aspect.
First of all, our environment will be more pleasant, because electricity will be produced from clean energy instead of coal. Secondly, our cars, which can travel not only on the road but also in the water, will be controlled by a robot. In this way, traffic accidents will be avoided. Additionally, some new medicine will be developed so that people can live longer. Thus living to 120 years old may be no longer a dream.
In conclusion, I think life in the future will be much better than it is now.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生想象一下未来的生活，以“Life in the Future”为题写一篇短文。
【详解】第一步：审题。
体裁：说明文。
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般将来时为主。
要点：1 科技日新月异，影响着我们的生活。
2 对未来生活的描述：环境，交通，人的寿命等


结构布局：总分总
第一段：科技日新月异，影响着我们的生活，也让我们对未来生活充满着期待；
第二段：未来生活的描述：1 由于新能源技术的发展，我们的环境变得越来越好；2 交通压力因为汽车能飞的技术而得到缓解；3 医疗技术的提升，人们的寿命也得到了延长，疑难杂病得到了攻克。
第三段：相信随着技术的发展，我们的生活会越过越好。

第二步：列重点词语，词组（注意好词的使用）
如：have an influence on, look forward to, better and better, release, lengthen, incurable disease等

第三步：连词成句（注意好句型的使用，如非谓语动词，复合句，注意拼写和时态问题）
如：As technology develops, it has an great influence on our life in all aspects, making us look forward to the future life.等

第四步：连句成篇（注意衔接词的使用）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…, Finally, In the end, At last;
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also);
3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡。

第五步：润色修改。
【点睛】本文内容完整，要点齐全，语言规范，词数适当，段落分布合理。作者在文中较多使用了主从复合句，“As technology changes , our life will be influenced in almost every aspect.”和“First of all, our environment will be more pleasant, because electricity will be produced from clean energy instead of coal.”使用的是原因状语从句，“Secondly, our cars, which can travel not only on the road but also in the water, will be controlled by a robot.”使用的是which引导的非限制性定语从句，“Additionally, some new medicine will be developed so that people can live longer.”使用的是目的状语从句。主从复合句的使用，使得文章的句式灵活多变，为文章增加了色彩。
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Overturned Bins
I weaved my cart around table after table of hungry customers. “Char siu bao (叉烧包),” I called out. “Barbecue pork buns!”
It was Saturday morning—the height of the yum cha (brunch) rush-and everyone in the neighborhood knew that Grandma Wu’s restaurant was the place to go for the warmest tea and the freshest dim sum.
Grandma’s array (大量) of shareable Chinese dishes was irresistible,and a line of customers always formed out the door.Knowing I wanted to be part of the excitement, my parents agreed to let me help at the restaurant on weekends.
The yummy sweet scent of the barbecue pork-filled bao followed me around the room, and it wasn’t long before I was handing out the last bamboo steamer basket and marking down the order on a customer’s stamp card.With my cart now empty, I was free to enjoy some of Grandma’s cooking myself.
l took my break at the tiny table in the alley behind the restaurant. I poured myself some tea and peeled the little square of paper off the bottom of my bao. But just as I was about to take my first bite, I noticed something odd.Our garbage bins had been knocked over!
How could those have fallen? I wondered.Trash and half-eaten dim sum littered the ground.After devouring (狼吞虎咽) my treats, I found my dad inside. We put on some plastic gloves and quickly picked up the mess. When we were finished,we washed our hands, and I headed back into the restaurant to help with the rest of the rush.
l forgot all about the mystery of the knocked-over bins until the last customer had left. I was about to follow Dad to take the trash out to the alley. “KABOOM!”Upon hearing the loud noise, we rushed out and found that the garbage bins had tipped over again!
Could it have been the wind? As we cleaned up for a second time, I looked at the darkening sky. A storm was heading our way, but the tree branches were barely moving. So what had caused the bins to fall over?
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That’s when I noticed two yellow eyes staring at me.
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With the rain picking up, the poor cat was too scared to come out of his hiding spot.
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【答案】That’s when I noticed two yellow eyes staring at me. Emerging from the garbage bin was a little gray cat. I finally understood who was to blame for the mess. The cat pawed at a container, trying to get the half-eaten bao inside. Cats were not supposed to eat bao, but he was clearly too hungry to care. I took a cautious step toward him when there was suddenly another loud KABOOM. This time, it was the storm.The cat dived back into the garbage bin. (76)
With the rain picking up, the poor kitty was too scared to come out of his hiding spot. Luckily, I had an idea. I rushed inside and headed back outside with char siu bao. Sure enough, the cat was drawn by the scent and followed me inside, happy to be out of the rain. “These bao are for me,” I said as the cat excitedly pawed at my leg, “and here is the cat food. Since you’re a fan, maybe Grandma should include some cat-friendly dim-sum options.” The cat affectionately mewed at me, agreeing with the idea. (80)
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在吴奶奶的餐厅帮忙时发现垃圾箱被打翻了，作者和父亲收拾好了垃圾箱，继续回去餐厅干活。当最后一位客人离开，作者和父亲将垃圾带到巷子里时，听到一声巨响，垃圾箱又翻了。是什么导致垃圾箱翻了呢？
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这时我注意到两只黄色的眼睛盯着我。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到垃圾箱里的小猫，意识到是小猫弄翻了垃圾箱，小猫非常饿，想要吃包子，暴风雨来临，猫藏回垃圾箱里。
②由第二段首句内容“雨越来越大，可怜的小猫吓得不敢从藏身处出来。”可知，第二段可描写作者用叉烧包吸引小猫，带它离开垃圾箱，给小猫准备了一些猫粮，并期待吴奶奶可能会为小猫准备一些适合它吃的点心。
2.续写线索：发现小猫——小猫很饿——小猫藏回垃圾箱——吸引小猫——带小猫回来——期待适合猫的点心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①理解：understand/figure out
②潜回：dive back/sneak back
③吸引：draw/attract
情绪类
①幸运的是：luckily/fortunately
②高兴的：happy/glad/pleased
【点睛】【高分句型1】I finally understood who was to blame for the mess.（由连接词who引导宾语从句，作understood的宾语）
【高分句型2】I took a cautious step toward him when there was suddenly another loud KABOOM.（由连接词when引导时间状语从句）
听力：1-5 ABACA 6-10ACABA 11-15 CBCAB 16-20 CCBBA